CN102417210B - Immersed vacuum membrane distillation plant and sewage treatment technology using the same - Google Patents
Immersed vacuum membrane distillation plant and sewage treatment technology using the same Download PDFInfo
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- CN102417210B CN102417210B CN 201010294632 CN201010294632A CN102417210B CN 102417210 B CN102417210 B CN 102417210B CN 201010294632 CN201010294632 CN 201010294632 CN 201010294632 A CN201010294632 A CN 201010294632A CN 102417210 B CN102417210 B CN 102417210B
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Abstract
The invention relates to an immersed vacuum membrane distillation plant and a sewage treatment technology using the same. The immersed vacuum membrane distillation plant comprises a raw water storage tank, a gas dissolving pump, a raw water heating water tank, a membrane distillation hydrophobic membrane module, a condenser, a vacuum buffer tank, a vacuum pump, a water producing tank, a valve, a measuring instrument, and an automatic controller. The sewage treatment technology is characterized in that: raw water is subject to pH regulation, microfiltration and other pretreatment, then the pretreated raw water enters into the raw water storage tank, the sewage in the raw water storage tank is subject to gas-water mixing through the gas dissolving pump, and then the gas-water mixture enters into the raw water storage tank for heating to a specific temperature, membrane distillation is carried out at the specific temperature, the produced water after membrane distillation is directly reused, and a little thick water is treated concentrately. According to the invention, the use of the plant in sewage treatment reduces the effect of concentration polarization and temperature difference polarization in the sewage, reduces membrane pollution, increases the membrane distillation flux, prolongs the operation period of the membrane module, reduces the heat loss of the pipeline, and increases the heat utilization rate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of waste disposal plant and sewage water treatment method thereof, more particularly, relate to a kind of immersion vacuum membrane distillation device and sewage water treatment method thereof of the permeable watertight principle based on the hydrophobic membrane technology.
Background technology
Membrane distillation is due to the salinity that can remove greater concn and higher ratio of desalinization and be subject to gradually the various countries expert and pay attention to and launched broad research, it can be at last the highest membrane technique of desalting efficiency up to now, ratio of desalinization is up to more than 99%.Membrane distillation is to be the eighties in last century the hydrophobic membrane technology that sea water desalinization is researched and developed, and it is to adopt microporous hydrophobic membrane, a kind of Aspect of some new membrane processes take film both sides steam pressure difference as motivating force.Poor due to initial stage hydrophobic membrane material, flux is low, hear rate is high, and makes people turn to the research and development of hydrophilic ultra-filtration membrane, reverse osmosis membrane, limits and ignored its development and application.Along with the development of the nineties in last century macromolecular material and membrane preparation technology, the especially development of sun power and Novel heat pump circulating technology can by adopting heat pump cycle and utilizing industrial waste heat, significantly reduce energy consumption.Therefore, film distillation technology has again caused the extensive concern of industry and field of water treatment and has been rapidly developed.
Membrane distillation film used is not by the dewatering microporous film of pending solution-wet, namely only has steam can enter fenestra, and liquid can not see through fenestra.The same with the infiltration evaporation process, membrane distillation is the process that heat and quality are transmitted simultaneously, is the membrane process that phase transformation is arranged, and mass transfer force is the steam pressure difference that film both sides see through component.According to the difference of vapor diffusion to film cold side condensing mode, membrane distillation generally can be divided into Four types: direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD), gap membrane distillation (AGMD), vacuum type membrane distillation (VMD), gas are swept formula membrane distillation (SGMD).Wherein VMD is the membrane process of constant temperature, and film sees through side and vacuumizes with vacuum pump, and to cause the larger steam pressure difference in film both sides, the volatilization component is drawn rear condensation from cold side, and the heat conduction loss of this membrane distillation process is less, substantially can ignore.Because the film both sides gas differential pressure of vacuum membrane distillation is larger than the film both sides gas differential pressure of other membrane distillation processes, therefore, it has larger mass transfer flux than other membrane distillation processes, receives in recent years more concern.
In recent years, increase gradually about the research of distillation device and method, existing Patents is described below.
China Patent No. CN 101659451A, open March 3 2010 date, title: a kind of method for treating high-salt water by air stripping type membrane distillation, openly related to a kind of method for treating high-salt water by air stripping type membrane distillation, the method adopts the direct contact membrane distillation of hollow fiber film assembly, sewage enters the film high-temp. side at the air formation biphase gas and liquid flow that raw water box heats by hydrothermal solution recycle pump and air compressor machine or blower fan generation, the membrane permeation side adopts recycle pump to circulate water of condensation will and be transported to the product water tank through steam and the condensation of gas of film, do not see through the concentrate recirculation of film to raw water box.Plenum system adopts the shortcoming of ram charging to be for to stop ram charging by the standard width of a room in an old-style house between magnetic valve, and is larger to the impact of film itself, and causes mixing wastewater with air uneven.
China Patent No. CN 101664642A, open March 10 2010 date, title: a kind of air-blowing vacuum distillation device and method and document " research of air-blowing vacuum membrane still-process " (water technology, 2009,35 (12)) a kind of air-blowing vacuum membrane distillation apparatus and method have also openly been related to, these apparatus and method adopt the vacuum membrane distillation of hollow fiber film assembly, and the mode of vacuumizing is that inner pressed is that shell side vacuumizes, and sewage is walked in the tubular fibre fenestra.The method also blasts low-pressure compressed air and sewage forms biphase gas and liquid flow in hollow fiber film assembly ingress.
Patent CN 101659451A, CN 101664642A and document " research of air-blowing vacuum membrane still-process " (water technology, 2009, that 35 (12)) adopts is chlamydate hollow-fibre membrane, be the external placed type operation, although the membrane distillation type is different, but sewage is all walked in the tubular fibre fenestra, and the shell side of membrane module forms vacuum or condensation system.The shortcoming of this kind mode is because the film silk is thinner, easily causes dirtyly stifled in membrane module ingress and film silk, and the concentration polarization impact is larger, easily form film and pollute, and the easy cleaning not of the membrane module after polluting.And, due to the operation of employing external placed type, so heat partial loss in the Pipeline transport process, heat utilization ratio is low.More have, above-mentioned patent all adopts air compressor machine or blower fan to blast air, and the bubble that air compressor machine or blower fan produce is larger, enter membrane module after mixing in pipeline with sewage, due to pipeline restriction, may cause dispersed bad in water of gas, air water mixes the problems such as inhomogeneous.In addition, the described distillation device of above-mentioned patent is described simple, and web member is few, and the automatic control degree is low, is not easy to industrialization and amplifies.
What membrane distillation adopted is microporous hydrophobic membrane, based on the mass transport mechanism of membrane distillation microporous hydrophobic membrane used, the contamination resistance of membrane distillation is stronger, pollutes but also inevitably form film, the pollution of membrane distillation microporous hydrophobic membrane used is mainly film surface pollution, and the fenestra internal contamination is relatively less.Generally be the higher saline sewage of concentration because membrane distillation is handled, it is mainly salt crystallization, fouling, gel coat and the Organic pollutants that concentration polarization causes that film pollutes.Therefore, in the membrane distillation process, concentration polarization is a very important influence factor, avoid as far as possible or reduce.
Different with the immersion ultra-filtration process, generally be the systems such as the lower high salt sewage of suspension content such as reverse osmosis concentrated water because membrane distillation is handled, therefore, the film of membrane distillation process pollutes and is mainly salt crystallization, fouling and the Organic pollutants that concentration polarization causes, and the film of ultra-filtration process pollutes cake layer pollution that macromole such as being mainly suspended substance or large particulate matter cause, colloid pollution etc.Therefore, be different from the immersion ultra-filtration process, the immersion ultrafiltration is polluted for the macromole of removing or prevent suspended substance, colloid etc., and the aeration rate of requirement is larger, and this just easily causes the fracture of wire phenomenon of membrane module in the immersion ultra-filtration process.And the submerged membrane still-process be mainly for fear of or reduce concentration polarization and temperature difference polarization in sewage, therefore required tolerance is less than the immersion ultrafiltration, the present invention is referred to as molten gas, and lower tolerance suppresses or reduced fracture of wire phenomenon in the submerged membrane still-process.In addition, excessive tolerance easily causes the reduction of per-meate side vacuum tightness, increases energy consumption.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention:
Deficiency for the described distillation device of existing invention the invention provides a kind of immersion vacuum membrane distillation device for sewage disposal.Immersion device of the present invention adopts air dissolved pump that gas is provided, can form less, more uniform bubble, the micro bubble particle diameter that air dissolved pump produces is about 20～40 microns, gas and liquid dissolved efficiency are up to 80～100%, solve the fracture of wire problem in existing immersion aeration operation, and improved flux of membrane distillation by the more fully contact of gas-liquid two-phase, reduced the impact of concentration polarization and temperature difference polarization, reduce the film pollution, extended membrane washing cycle and work-ing life.In addition, adopt device of the present invention, reduced the pipeline calorific loss in external membrane distillation procedure process, improved heating efficiency.
Device of the present invention adopts one or both in immersion, external pressure type hollow fiber membrane component and plate and frame module.Adopt immersion, external pressure type hollow fiber membrane component, the membrane module after pollution more easily cleans, has solved that easy dirt in the operating process of inner pressed hollow fiber film assembly is blocked up, easy cleaning problem not; Compare with hollow fiber film assembly, adopt plate and frame module, membrane flux is higher, the film less pollution, and plate and frame module is simple in structure, operation and easy accessibility, easily cleans.
Be different from aforementioned patent, device of the present invention is for adopting immersion, the external-compression type vacuum membrane distillation device of uncanned hollow fiber film assembly or specific plate and frame module.Adopt the advantage of immersion vacuum membrane distillation to be, the micro-bubble that raw waste water and air dissolved pump provide fully mixes in the sewage heating water tank, and gas-liquid mixed is more even.In addition, along with constantly concentrating of membrane distillation process, sewage can in time fully be mixed, and has reduced the impact of concentration polarization and temperature difference polarization, has reduced the film pollution.With respect to the inner pressed membrane module that patent CN101664642A adopts, the advantage of external-compression type membrane module is to effectively reduce the impact of concentration polarization.
Be different from aforementioned patent, patent of the present invention is more detailed to the description of distillation device and embodiment, and apparatus structure is simple, and the degree of automatically controlling is high, is easy to industrialization and amplifies.
Generally speaking, distillation device of the present invention is compared existing distillation device, its main advantage is, reduced the impact of concentration polarization and temperature difference polarization, improved flux of membrane distillation, reduced film and polluted and the film fracture of wire, and the membrane module after polluting has easily cleaned, the pipeline thermosteresis is few, and thermo-efficiency is high.
Technical scheme of the present invention:
Comprise following interconnecting piece: former water water tank 1, air dissolved pump 2, former water heating water tank 3, membrane distillation hydrophobic membrane assembly 4, condenser 5, vacuum buffer tank 6, vacuum pump 7, product water tank 8 and 9, valve, metrical instrument, two-position controller.
Above-mentioned former water water tank 1 is provided with liquidometer 11, and the bottom is provided with mud discharging mouth 12, and is provided with suction culvert and outlet pipeline, and suction culvert is provided with degree adjustment valve 10, and outlet pipeline is connected with liquid meter 13 imports;
Above-mentioned air dissolved pump 2 is provided with water-in, inlet mouth and gas-liquid mixed export, and water-in is connected with liquid meter 13 outlets, and inlet mouth is connected with gas meter 14 outlets, and the gas-liquid mixed outlet is connected with degree adjustment valve 15 imports;
Above-mentioned former water heating water tank 3 is provided with liquidometer 16, and tank top is provided with venting port 17, and the bottom is provided with concentrated water discharge mouth 18, regularly carries out dense row according to water quality;
Above-mentioned former water heating water tank 3 is provided with suction culvert, and suction culvert is provided with tensimeter, and suction culvert is connected with degree adjustment valve 15 outlets;
Above-mentioned membrane distillation hydrophobic membrane assembly 4 is arranged in former water heating water tank 3, and membrane distillation hydrophobic membrane assembly couples together fixing with framework, and the 4 per-meate side outlets of membrane distillation hydrophobic membrane assembly are connected import and are connected by pipeline with condenser;
Above-mentioned condenser 5 is provided with import and outlet, and condenser 5 imports connect by pipeline with the membrane module per-meate side, and condenser 5 outlets are connected with vacuum buffer tank 6 imports;
Above-mentioned condenser 5 is provided with water of condensation import 19 and condensation-water drain 20, and circulating condensing water and membrane distillation produce the water counter-current flow;
Above-mentioned vacuum buffer tank 6 is provided with inlet mouth and air outlet, and inlet mouth is connected by pipeline with condenser 5 outlets, and the air outlet is connected with vacuum pump 7 imports;
Above-mentioned vacuum pump 7, import is connected by pipeline with vacuum buffer tank 6 outlets;
Above-mentioned product water tank 8 is provided with liquidometer 21, and is provided with water-in and water outlet, and water-in is provided with magnetic valve 23, and magnetic valve 23 is connected by pipeline with condenser 5 outlets, and water outlet is provided with magnetic valve 25, and magnetic valve 25 is connected with the outlet pipeline that leads to water spot;
Above-mentioned product water tank 9, water tank 8 is in parallel with producing, and is provided with liquidometer 22, and be provided with water-in and water outlet, and water-in is provided with magnetic valve 24, and magnetic valve 24 is connected by pipeline with condenser 5 outlets, water outlet is provided with magnetic valve 26, and magnetic valve 26 is connected with the outlet pipeline that leads to water spot;
immersion vacuum membrane distillation device operating process of the present invention is as follows: former water is through pH regulator, after micro-filtration is removed the pre-treatment such as turbidity and suspended substance, enter former water water tank 1 by degree adjustment valve 10, when the indication of liquidometer in former water water tank 1 reaches the highest liquid level, sewage in former water water tank 1 enters air dissolved pump 2 by the gas that liquid meter 13 and gas meter 14 provide with certain gas-water ratio, enter former water heating water tank 3 through the abundant mixed air-water mixture of air dissolved pump 2 and be heated to specified temp, open vacuum pump 7, hydrophobic membrane assembly 4 per-meate side are vacuumized, under vacuum action, steam in sewage and gas enter after by condenser 5 condensation separation and produce water tank 8 or 9.
In the specific implementation, immersion vacuum membrane distillation unit requires to regulate sewage pH, Heating temperature, per-meate side vacuum tightness and gas-water ratio according to water quality treatment and flux.Sewage pH scope is 6～9, and more excellent scope is 7～8; The Heating temperature scope is 45 ℃～95 ℃, and more excellent scope is 60 ℃～85 ℃; Vacuum ranges is-0.01～-0.1MPa, more excellent scope is-0.06～-0.095MPa; Mixing wastewater with air is 0.1～1: 1 than scope, and more excellent scope is 0.3～0.6: 1;
Above-mentioned former water water tank 1 is mainly as the water tank of membrane distillation water inlet;
Above-mentioned air dissolved pump 2 is mainly used in the simple pretreated sewage of process and gas are fully mixed;
The gas-liquid mixed sewage that above-mentioned former water heating water tank 3 is mainly used in air dissolved pump 2 is provided is heated to preset temperature;
The type of heating of above-mentioned former water heating water tank 3 is electrically heated, exhaust steam heating or utilizes other used heat heat exchange;
Above-mentioned membrane distillation hydrophobic membrane assembly 4 is mainly used in the gas in sewage and steam filtration are arrived the inlet side condensation;
Above-mentioned membrane distillation hydrophobic membrane assembly 4 adopts one or both in plate and frame hydrophobic membrane assembly and hollow fiber hydrophobic membrane assembly;
The material of above-mentioned hollow-fibre membrane and sheet frame film is one or more in polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF), tetrafluoroethylene, polypropylene;
Above-mentioned condenser 5 is mainly used in seeing through in condensation sewage the steam of hydrophobic fenestra;
Above-mentioned hydrophobic membrane assembly 4 employing n (n=1,2 ... 10) a hollow-fibre membrane MD1, MD2......MDn and n (n=1,2 ... 50) layer flat sheet membrane MD1, one or both of MD2......MDn are according to the numerical value of processing the water yield and can adjust arbitrarily n;
Above-mentioned vacuum buffer tank 6 is mainly used in cushioning the negative pressure that vacuum pump 7 produces;
Above-mentioned vacuum pump 7 is mainly used in providing negative pressure to hydrophobic membrane module permeate side;
Above-mentioned product water tank 8 and 9 is mainly used in the condensation of storage films Distallation systm and produces water;
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
Immersion vacuum membrane distillation device of the present invention dissolves in micro-bubble by air dissolved pump in sewage, make gas-liquid fully mix contact, strengthens the perturbation action in sewage, reduces concentration polarization and temperature difference polarization impact in sewage, improves flux of membrane distillation.In addition, dissolve in the steam partial pressure that a small amount of gas has reduced the vapour-liquid interface place in sewage, make charging side form surface more easily form one deck air film, water and organic solvent have been weakened to the wetting impact of hydrophobic membrane, reduced simultaneously steam condensing in fenestra, alleviate the film pollution, improved the membrane distillation operating flux, extended the cycle of operation of membrane module;
Submerged membrane water distilling apparatus of the present invention adopts the molten gas of air dissolved pump, molten tolerance will be lower than the aeration rate of traditional immersion ultrafiltration, and the molten gas of air dissolved pump can form less, more uniform bubble, be conducive to the abundant contact of gas-liquid two-phase, improved the gas-to-liquid contact area, and suppressed or reduced fracture of wire phenomenon in the submerged membrane still-process;
Immersion vacuum membrane distillation device of the present invention, raw waste water and air can fully mix in the sewage heating water tank, and gas-liquid mixed is more even.In addition, along with constantly concentrating of membrane distillation process, sewage can in time fully be mixed, and has reduced the impact of concentration polarization and temperature difference polarization, has reduced the film pollution;
Immersion vacuum membrane distillation device of the present invention can be realized the operate continuously of immersion vacuum membrane distillation, and dense water only regularly carries out dense row without backflow, and the system recoveries rate is high;
Distillation device of the present invention adopts the immersion operation, has reduced the calorific loss in the Pipeline transport process, has improved heat utilization ratio;
Immersion vacuum membrane distillation device of the present invention adopts one or both in multi-ply wood frame hydrophobic membrane assembly or many hollow fiber hydrophobic membrane assemblies, and can realize difference operation or the parallel operation separately of two types of membrane modules;
Immersion vacuum membrane distillation device of the present invention adopts specific multilayer plate and frame module or many hollow fiber film assemblies.Compare with hollow fiber film assembly, the advantage of plate and frame module is that membrane flux is higher, the film less pollution, and plate and frame module is simple in structure, operation and easy accessibility, easily cleans.The advantage of hollow fiber film assembly is that packing density is large, takes up an area littlely, but flux of membrane distillation is relatively low;
Submerged membrane distillation hollow fiber film assembly structure of the present invention is equal to existing submerged ultrafiltration assembly substantially;
Plate and frame membrane distillation unit construction of the present invention is the high temperature resistance diaphragm distillation assembly that is similar to existing immersion MBR assembly;
The material of membrane distillation assembly of the present invention is the high temperature materials such as PVDF, PTFE or PPESK;
The thickness of plate and frame membrane distillation assembly of the present invention is greater than the thickness of existing immersion MBR assembly, and thickness range is 8～20mm.Certain thickness plate and frame membrane distillation assembly has improved the product water flow passage volume of membrane permeation side, the extraction fully and the condensation that more are conducive to produce water;
Device of the present invention combines the advantage of existing distillation device or method, and is broken through on its basis and innovate, for the research and development of film distillation technology provides a kind of new thinking and method;
Immersion vacuum membrane distillation device of the present invention can be used for high salt sewage such as reverse osmosis concentrated water, contains advanced treatment and the reuse of the high organism sewage of the organic high salt of a certain amount of non-volatility and the recovery that contains volatile organic matter in a small amount of volatile organic matter sewage;
Immersion vacuum membrane distillation apparatus structure of the present invention is simple, automatically controls degree high, is easy to industrialization and amplifies.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is schematic flow sheet of the present invention
Fig. 2 is structural representation of the present invention
Further describe technical scheme of the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Immersion vacuum membrane distillation device technique flow process of the present invention as shown in Figure 1, in accompanying drawing, direction shown in arrow is water (flow) direction: after former water is removed the pre-treatment such as turbidity and suspended substance through pH regulator, micro-filtration, enter immersion vacuum membrane distillation unit, but be sent to through the membrane distillation product water direct reuse after immersion vacuum membrane distillation cell processing and use water spot, a small amount of dense water of membrane distillation discharging focuses on.
As shown in Figure 2, immersion vacuum membrane distillation device of disposing of sewage of the present invention comprises:
Former water water tank 1 is provided with liquidometer 11, and the bottom is provided with mud discharging mouth 12, and is provided with suction culvert and outlet pipeline, and suction culvert is provided with degree adjustment valve 10, and outlet pipeline is connected with liquid meter 13 imports;
Air dissolved pump 2 is provided with water-in, inlet mouth and gas-liquid mixed export, and water-in is connected with liquid meter 13 outlets, and inlet mouth is connected with gas meter 14 outlets, and the gas-liquid mixed outlet is connected with degree adjustment valve 15 imports;
Former water heating water tank 3 is provided with liquidometer 16, and tank top is provided with venting port 17, and the bottom is provided with concentrated water discharge mouth 18, and is provided with suction culvert, and suction culvert is provided with tensimeter, and suction culvert is connected with degree adjustment valve 15 outlets;
Membrane distillation hydrophobic membrane assembly 4 is arranged in former water heating water tank 3, and membrane distillation hydrophobic membrane assembly couples together fixing with framework, and the 4 per-meate side outlets of membrane distillation hydrophobic membrane assembly are connected import and are connected by pipeline with condenser;
Condenser 5 is provided with import and outlet, and condenser 5 imports connect by pipeline with the membrane module per-meate side, and condenser 5 outlets are connected with vacuum buffer tank 6 imports;
Condenser 5 is provided with water of condensation import 19 and condensation-water drain 20, and circulating condensing water and membrane distillation produce the water counter-current flow;
Vacuum buffer tank 6 is provided with inlet mouth and air outlet, and inlet mouth is connected by pipeline with condenser 5 outlets, and the air outlet is connected with vacuum pump 7 imports;
Vacuum pump 7, import is connected by pipeline with vacuum buffer tank 6 outlets;
Produce water tank 8, be provided with liquidometer 21, and be provided with water-in and water outlet, water-in is provided with magnetic valve 23, and magnetic valve 23 is connected by pipeline with condenser 5 outlets, and water outlet is provided with magnetic valve 25, and magnetic valve 25 is connected with the outlet pipeline that leads to water spot;
Produce water tank 9, water tank 8 is in parallel with producing, and is provided with liquidometer 22, and be provided with water-in and water outlet, and water-in is provided with magnetic valve 24, and magnetic valve 24 is connected by pipeline with condenser 5 outlets, water outlet is provided with magnetic valve 26, and magnetic valve 26 is connected with the outlet pipeline that leads to water spot;
The valve that needs in technique scheme to use comprises manual ball valve, two logical (threeway) magnetic valves, Pneumatic butterfly valve, electric opening variable valve, sampling valve etc., can realize opening and closing or regulation by controlling manually or automatically, all can adopt existing techniques in realizing, this paper no longer describes in detail.
The metrical instrument that needs in technique scheme to use comprises pH meter, conductivity meter, under meter, pressure transmitter, tensimeter, liquidometer etc., all can adopt existing techniques in realizing, and this paper no longer describes in detail.
The available two-position controller of device of the present invention is completed and is controlled, the two-position controller that uses can be selected commercially available finished product plc (PLC), can realize automatic control and artificial setting the to whole operating process, can set the film unit uptime, can set each valve opening and closing condition and aperture, can set operating flux and the pressure of each water pump, all can adopt existing techniques in realizing, this paper no longer describes in detail.
The present invention in the specific implementation, immersion vacuum membrane distillation unit adopts one or both in hollow fiber film assembly and plate and frame module, two kinds of membrane modules can be distinguished isolated operation, but also parallel running.Immersion vacuum membrane distillation unit requires to regulate sewage pH, Heating temperature, per-meate side vacuum tightness and gas-water ratio according to water quality treatment and flux.Sewage pH scope is 6～9, and more excellent scope is 7～8; The Heating temperature scope is 45 ℃～95 ℃, and more excellent scope is 60 ℃～85 ℃; Vacuum ranges is-0.01～-0.1MPa, more excellent scope is-0.06～-0.095MPa; Mixing wastewater with air is 0.1～1: 1 than scope, and more excellent scope is 0.3～0.6: 1.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
the composition of immersion vacuum membrane distillation device comprises: former water water tank 1, air dissolved pump 2, former water heating water tank 3, membrane distillation hydrophobic membrane assembly 4, condenser 5, vacuum buffer tank 6, vacuum pump 7, produce water tank 8 and 9, former water degree adjustment valve 10, former water water tank liquidometer 11, former water water tank mud discharging mouth 12, water inlet liquid meter 13, gas meter 14, degree adjustment valve 15, former water heating water tank liquidometer 16, former water heating water tank venting port 17, former water heating water tank concentrated water discharge mouth 18, circulating condensing water inlet 19, circulating condensing water out 20, produce water tank 8 liquidometers 21, produce water tank 9 liquidometers 22, produce water tank 8 import magnetic valves 23, produce water tank 8 outlet magnetic valves 25, produce water tank 9 import magnetic valves 24, produce water tank 9 outlet magnetic valves 26.
former water water tank 1 is provided with suction culvert and outlet pipeline, suction culvert is provided with degree adjustment valve 10, outlet pipeline is connected with liquid meter 13 water-ins, liquid meter 13 water outlets and gas meter 14 air outlets are connected in parallel on air dissolved pump 2 inlet ductwork, the gas-liquid mixed outlet of air dissolved pump 2 is connected by pipeline with degree adjustment valve 15 imports, degree adjustment valve 15 exports and is connected the 3 inlet ductwork connections of water heating water tank, membrane distillation hydrophobic membrane assembly 4 is arranged in former water heating water tank 3, membrane distillation hydrophobic membrane assembly 4 per-meate side are connected import and are connected by pipeline with condenser, condenser 5 outlets are connected by pipeline with vacuum buffer tank 6 imports, vacuum buffer tank 6 outlets are connected by pipeline with vacuum pump 7 imports, producing water tank 8 and 9 imports is connected in parallel on condenser 5 export pipelines by magnetic valve 23 and 24 respectively, produce on water tank 8 and 9 water outlet pipeline and be respectively equipped with magnetic valve 25 and 26, realize producing the water reuse by the switching of controlling four magnetic valves.
Application examples 1
Certain reverse osmosis concentrated water of petrochemical enterprises, main water quality characteristic is: sewage pH 8, electricity is led 25mS/cm, COD
Cr242mg/L, Ca
2+214mg/L, Mg
2+227mg/L, Na
+5078mg/L, Cl
-8407mg/L, molten silicon 36mg/L, turbidity 0.4NTU.
Adopt device of the present invention to process this reverse osmosis concentrated water, due to the dense water pH of this gang 8 left and right, and turbidity is lower, therefore need not to carry out the pre-treatment such as pH regulator and micro-filtration, directly enters former water water tank 1.the concrete operations flow process is as follows: open former water water intaking valve 10, when the liquidometer 11 indication sewage in former water water tank 1 reach the highest liquid level, open liquid meter 13, gas meter 14, air dissolved pump 2 and water inlet degree adjustment valve 15, the gas that sewage in former water water tank 1 provides by liquid meter 13 and gas meter 14 enters air dissolved pump 2 with the gas-water ratio of 0.4: 1, enter former water heating water tank 3 heating through the abundant mixed air-water mixture of air dissolved pump 2 by water inlet degree adjustment valve 15, note controlling heating water tank 3 internal pressures within the specific limits, sewage after molten gas is heated to 75 ℃ in heating water tank 3 after, the ON cycle water of condensation, the interior condensate water circulatory of condenser 5 is flowed, open vacuum pump 7, vacuum tightness is adjusted to-about 0.095MPa, under the effect that the per-meate side of PVDF hollow fiber film assembly in parallel or Multi-layer Parallel PTFE plate and frame module to many in heating water tank 3 vacuumizes, gas in sewage and vapour transmission fenestra are to per-meate side, vapor condensation gets off to enter the product water tank, noncondensable gas is taken away by vacuum pump.The entering water electromagnetic valve 23 that keeps this moment producing water tank 8 is opened, produce entering water electromagnetic valve 24 closures of water tank 9, that produces water tank 8 goes out water solenoid valve 25 closures, producing the water solenoid valve 26 that of water tank 9 opens, wait producing after water tank 8 liquidometers 21 indications reach the highest liquid level, magnetic valve 23 closures, magnetic valve 24 is opened, while magnetic valve 26 closures, magnetic valve 25 is opened; After liquidometer 22 indications in producing water tank 9 reach the highest liquid level, magnetic valve 24 closures, magnetic valve 23 is opened, while magnetic valve 25 closures, magnetic valve 26 is opened.Four magnetic valves are combined operation, switchover operation.The product water that produces water tank 8 and 9 can directly be sent to uses water spot.
In experimentation, the plate and frame flux of membrane distillation remains on 12～25L/m
2In the h scope, the tubular fibre flux of membrane distillation remains on 7～15L/m
2In the h scope, the product water water quality of two class membrane modules is all better, produces water power and leads≤3 μ S/cm, produces water COD
Mn＜3mg/L, ratio of desalinization is higher than 99%.
During concrete enforcement, by adjustings intake degree adjustment valve 15 and former water heating water tank venting port 17 interior liquid level and heating water tank 3 internal pressures of adjusting heating water tank 3.Control concentrated water drainages high-volume by the dense water degree adjustment valve 18 of regulating heating water tank 3 bottoms.The body refuse of former water water tank 1 interior sedimentation is regularly discharged from bottom drain 12.
Comparative Examples 1
Certain reverse osmosis concentrated water of petrochemical enterprises, main water quality characteristic is: sewage pH 8, electricity is led 25mS/cm, COD
Cr242mg/L, Ca
2+214mg/L, Mg
2+227mg/L, Na
+5078mg/L, Cl
-8407mg/L, molten silicon 36mg/L, turbidity 0.4NTU.
Adopt device of the present invention to process this reverse osmosis concentrated water, due to the dense water pH of this gang 8 left and right, and turbidity is lower, therefore need not to carry out the pre-treatment such as pH regulator and micro-filtration, directly enters former water water tank 1.the concrete operations flow process is as follows: open former water water intaking valve 10, when the liquidometer 11 indication sewage in former water water tank 1 reach the highest liquid level, open liquid meter 13, air dissolved pump 2 and water inlet degree adjustment valve 15, gas meter 14 remains on closure state, sewage in former water water tank 1 enters air dissolved pump 2 by liquid meter 13, enter former water heating water tank 3 heating through the sewage after air dissolved pump 2 by water inlet degree adjustment valve 15, note controlling heating water tank 3 internal pressures within the specific limits, sewage is heated to 75 ℃ in heating water tank 3 after, the ON cycle water of condensation, the interior condensate water circulatory of condenser 5 is flowed, open vacuum pump 7, vacuum tightness is adjusted to-about 0.095MPa, under the effect that the per-meate side of PVDF hollow fiber film assembly in parallel or Multi-layer Parallel PTFE plate and frame module to many in heating water tank 3 vacuumizes, vapour transmission fenestra in sewage enters the product water tank under the per-meate side condensation.The entering water electromagnetic valve 23 that keeps this moment producing water tank 8 is opened, produce entering water electromagnetic valve 24 closures of water tank 9, that produces water tank 8 goes out water solenoid valve 25 closures, producing the water solenoid valve 26 that of water tank 9 opens, wait producing after water tank 8 liquidometers 21 indications reach the highest liquid level, magnetic valve 23 closures, magnetic valve 24 is opened, while magnetic valve 26 closures, magnetic valve 25 is opened; After liquidometer 22 indications in producing water tank 9 reach the highest liquid level, magnetic valve 24 closures, magnetic valve 23 is opened, while magnetic valve 25 closures, magnetic valve 26 is opened.Four magnetic valves are combined operation, switchover operation.The product water that produces water tank 8 and 9 can directly be sent to uses water spot.
In experimentation, the plate and frame flux of membrane distillation remains on 9～20L/m
2H, the tubular fibre flux of membrane distillation remains on 5～12L/m
2H, the product water water quality of two class membrane modules is all better, produces water power and leads≤3 μ S/cm, produces water COD
Mn＜3mg/L, ratio of desalinization is higher than 99%.
During concrete enforcement, by adjustings intake degree adjustment valve 15 and former water heating water tank venting port 17 interior liquid level and heating water tank 3 internal pressures of adjusting heating water tank 3.Control concentrated water drainages high-volume by the dense water degree adjustment valve 18 of regulating heating water tank 3 bottoms.The body refuse of former water water tank 1 interior sedimentation is regularly discharged from bottom drain 12.
Comparative Examples 1 is compared with application examples 1, and Comparative Examples 1 is not dissolved in gas in sewage, and flux of membrane distillation is starkly lower than the flux of membrane distillation of sewage after molten gas.Gas-water ratio is 0.4: 1 o'clock, and under the same film distillation condition, when after molten gas, the flux of membrane distillation of sewage is than insoluble gas, the flux of membrane distillation of sewage improves 10～30% left and right.In addition, molten gas is little to the product water water quality impact of membrane distillation.
Claims (16)
1. immersion vacuum membrane distillation device, comprise valve, metrical instrument, two-position controller, it is characterized in that comprising that former water water tank (1), air dissolved pump (2), former water heating water tank (3), membrane distillation hydrophobic membrane assembly (4), condenser (5), vacuum buffer tank (6), vacuum pump (7), first produce water tank (8), second and produce water tank (9); Former water water tank (1), air dissolved pump (2), former water heating water tank (3) are connected successively, membrane distillation hydrophobic membrane assembly (4) is in the inside of former water heating water tank (3), membrane distillation hydrophobic membrane assembly (4) is connected with condenser (5), condenser (5) produces water tank (8) with vacuum buffer tank (6) and first respectively, the second product water tank (9) is connected, and vacuum buffer tank (6) is connected with vacuum pump (7).
2. a kind of immersion vacuum membrane distillation device according to claim 1, is characterized in that membrane distillation hydrophobic membrane assembly (4) adopts one or both in immersion, external pressure type hollow fiber membrane component and plate and frame module.
3. a kind of immersion vacuum membrane distillation device according to claim 2, the material that it is characterized in that hollow-fibre membrane and sheet frame film is one or more in polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF), tetrafluoroethylene, polypropylene.
4. a kind of immersion vacuum membrane distillation device according to claim 2, it is characterized in that membrane distillation hydrophobic membrane assembly (4) adopts n (n=1,2,10) a hollow-fibre membrane MD1, MD2 ... MDn and n (n=1,2 ... 50) layer flat sheet membrane MD1, MD2 ... one or both of MDn.
5. a kind of immersion vacuum membrane distillation device according to claim 2, the thickness range that it is characterized in that plate and frame membrane distillation assembly is 8～20mm.
6. a kind of immersion vacuum membrane distillation device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that former water water tank (1), be provided with liquidometer (11), the bottom is provided with mud discharging mouth (12), and be provided with suction culvert and outlet pipeline, suction culvert is provided with degree adjustment valve (10), and outlet pipeline is connected with liquid meter (13) import.
7. a kind of immersion vacuum membrane distillation device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that air dissolved pump (2), be provided with water-in, inlet mouth and gas-liquid mixed export, water-in is connected with liquid meter (13) outlet, inlet mouth is connected with gas meter (14) outlet, and the gas-liquid mixed outlet is connected with degree adjustment valve (15) import.
8. a kind of immersion vacuum membrane distillation device according to claim 1, is characterized in that former water heating water tank (3), is provided with liquidometer (16) and venting port (17), and the bottom is provided with concentrated water discharge mouth (18).
9. a kind of immersion vacuum membrane distillation device according to claim 1, is characterized in that former water heating water tank (3), is provided with suction culvert, and suction culvert is provided with tensimeter, and suction culvert is connected with degree adjustment valve (15) outlet.
10. a kind of immersion vacuum membrane distillation device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that condenser (5), be provided with import and outlet, condenser (5) import connects by pipeline with the membrane module per-meate side, and condenser (5) outlet is connected with vacuum buffer tank (6) import.
11. a kind of immersion vacuum membrane distillation device according to claim 1 is characterized in that condenser (5), is provided with water of condensation import (19) and condensation-water drain (20), circulating condensing water and membrane distillation produce the water counter-current flow.
12. a kind of immersion vacuum membrane distillation device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that first produces water tank (8), be provided with liquidometer (21), and be provided with water-in and water outlet, water-in is provided with the first magnetic valve (23), the first magnetic valve (23) is connected by pipeline with condenser (5) outlet, and water outlet is provided with the 3rd magnetic valve (25), and the 3rd magnetic valve (25) is connected with the outlet pipeline that leads to water spot.
13. a kind of immersion vacuum membrane distillation device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that second produces water tank (9), in parallel with the first product water tank (8), be provided with liquidometer (22), and be provided with water-in and water outlet, and water-in is provided with the second magnetic valve (24), and the second magnetic valve (24) is connected by pipeline with condenser (5) outlet, water outlet is provided with the 4th magnetic valve (26), and the 4th magnetic valve (26) is connected with the outlet pipeline that leads to water spot.
14. method that immersion vacuum membrane distillation device is disposed of sewage, comprise the following steps: former water is through pH regulator, after micro-filtration is removed the pre-treatment such as turbidity and suspended substance, enter former water water tank (1) by degree adjustment valve (10), when the indication of liquidometer in former water water tank (1) reaches the highest liquid level, sewage in former water water tank (1) enters air dissolved pump (2) by the gas that liquid meter (13) and gas meter (14) provide with certain gas-water ratio, enter former water heating water tank (3) through the abundant mixed air-water mixture of air dissolved pump (2) and be heated to specified temp, open vacuum pump (7), membrane distillation hydrophobic membrane assembly (4) per-meate side is vacuumized, under vacuum action, steam in sewage and gas enter first after by condenser (5) condensation separation and produce water tank (8) or second and produce water tank (9),
The first product water tank (8) is provided with liquidometer (21), the second product water tank (9) is provided with liquidometer (22), the first product water tank (8) import is provided with the first magnetic valve (23), the first product water tank (8) outlet is provided with the 3rd magnetic valve (25), the second product water tank (9) import is provided with the second magnetic valve (24), the second product water tank (9) outlet is provided with the 4th magnetic valve (26)
When the first the first magnetic valve (23) that produces water tank (8) was opened, second produced the second magnetic valve (24) closure of water tank (9), and first produces the 3rd magnetic valve (25) closure of water tank (8), and the second the 4th magnetic valve (26) that produces water tank (9) is opened,
After the first product water tank (8) liquidometer (21) indication reaches the highest liquid level, the first magnetic valve (23) closure, the second magnetic valve (24) is opened, while the 4th magnetic valve (26) closure, the 3rd magnetic valve (25) is opened; After liquidometer (22) indication in the second product water tank (9) reaches the highest liquid level, the second magnetic valve (24) closure, the first magnetic valve (23) is opened, while the 3rd magnetic valve (25) closure, the 4th magnetic valve (26) is opened, and four magnetic valves are combined operation, switchover operation.
15. the method that a kind of immersion vacuum membrane distillation device according to claim 14 is disposed of sewage is characterized in that sewage pH scope is 6～9; The Heating temperature scope is 45 ℃～95 ℃; Vacuum ranges is-0.01～-0.1MPa; Mixing wastewater with air is 0.1～1:1 than scope.
16. the method that a kind of immersion vacuum membrane distillation device according to claim 15 is disposed of sewage is characterized in that sewage pH scope is 7～8; The Heating temperature scope is 60 ℃～85 ℃; Vacuum ranges is-0.06～-0.095MPa; Mixing wastewater with air is 0.3～0.6:1 than scope.
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