CN102417210A - Immersed vacuum membrane distillation plant and sewage treatment technology using the same - Google Patents
Immersed vacuum membrane distillation plant and sewage treatment technology using the same Download PDFInfo
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- CN102417210A CN102417210A CN2010102946325A CN201010294632A CN102417210A CN 102417210 A CN102417210 A CN 102417210A CN 2010102946325 A CN2010102946325 A CN 2010102946325A CN 201010294632 A CN201010294632 A CN 201010294632A CN 102417210 A CN102417210 A CN 102417210A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an immersed vacuum membrane distillation plant and a sewage treatment technology using the same. The immersed vacuum membrane distillation plant comprises a raw water storage tank, a gas dissolving pump, a raw water heating water tank, a membrane distillation hydrophobic membrane module, a condenser, a vacuum buffer tank, a vacuum pump, a water producing tank, a valve, a measuring instrument, and an automatic controller. The sewage treatment technology is characterized in that: raw water is subject to pH regulation, microfiltration and other pretreatment, then the pretreated raw water enters into the raw water storage tank, the sewage in the raw water storage tank is subject to gas-water mixing through the gas dissolving pump, and then the gas-water mixture enters into the raw water storage tank for heating to a specific temperature, membrane distillation is carried out at the specific temperature, the produced water after membrane distillation is directly reused, and a little thick water is treated concentrately. According to the invention, the use of the plant in sewage treatment reduces the effect of concentration polarization and temperature difference polarization in the sewage, reduces membrane pollution, increases the membrane distillation flux, prolongs the operation period of the membrane module, reduces the heat loss of the pipeline, and increases the heat utilization rate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of waste disposal plant and sewage water treatment method thereof, more particularly, relate to a kind of immersion vacuum membrane distillation device and sewage water treatment method thereof based on the technological permeable watertight principle of hydrophobic membrane.
Background technology
Membrane distillation receives the various countries expert gradually and payes attention to and launched broad research owing to can remove salinity and the higher ratio of desalinization of greater concn, it can be at last the highest membrane technique of desalting efficiency up to now, ratio of desalinization is up to more than 99%.Membrane distillation is to be the eighties in last century the hydrophobic membrane technology that sea water desalinization is researched and developed, and it is to adopt microporous hydrophobic membrane, is a kind of new membrane sepn process of motivating force with film both sides steam pressure difference.Because initial stage hydrophobic membrane material is poor, flux is low, hear rate is high, and makes people turn to the research and development of hydrophilic ultra-filtration membrane, reverse osmosis membrane, limits and ignored its development and application.Along with the development of the nineties in last century macromolecular material and membrane preparation technology, the especially development of sun power and novel heat pump cycle technology can significantly cut down the consumption of energy through adopting heat pump cycle and utilizing industrial waste heat.Therefore, film distillation technology has caused the extensive concern of industry and field of water treatment once more and has obtained fast development.
The used film of membrane distillation is not by the dewatering microporous film of pending solution-wet, promptly has only steam can get into fenestra, and liquid can not see through fenestra.The same with the infiltration evaporation process, membrane distillation is the process that heat and quality are transmitted simultaneously, is the membrane process that phase transformation is arranged, and mass transfer force sees through the steam pressure difference of component for the film both sides.According to the difference of vapor diffusion to film cold side condensing mode, membrane distillation generally can be divided into four types: direct contact type membrane distillation (DCMD), GAP TYPE membrane distillation (AGMD), vacuum type membrane distillation (VMD), gas are swept formula membrane distillation (SGMD).Wherein VMD is the homothermic membrane process, and film sees through side and vacuumizes with vacuum pump, and to cause the bigger steam pressure difference in film both sides, the volatilization component is drawn the back condensation from cold side, and the heat conduction loss of this membrane distillation process is less, can ignore basically.Because the film both sides gas differential pressure of vacuum membrane distillation is bigger than the film both sides gas differential pressure of other membrane distillation processes, therefore, it has bigger mass transfer flux than other membrane distillation processes, receives more concern in recent years.
In recent years, increase gradually about the research of distillation device and method, existing that the related patent U.S. Patent No. introduction is following.
Chinese patent CN 101659451A; Open March 3 2010 date; Title: a kind of method for treating high-salt water by air stripping type membrane distillation; Openly related to a kind of method for treating high-salt water by air stripping type membrane distillation, this method adopts the direct contact type membrane distillation of hollow fiber film assembly, and sewage flows into the film high-temp. side in the raw water box heating after the air that hydrothermal solution recycle pump and air compressor machine or blower fan produce forms gas-liquid two-phase; The membrane permeation side adopts recycle pump to circulate water of condensation and will see through the steam and the condensation of gas of film and be transported to the product water tank, not through the concentrate recirculation of film to raw water box.Plenum system adopts the shortcoming of ram charging to be for to stop ram charging through the standard width of a room in an old-style house between SV, and is bigger to the impact of film itself, and it is uneven to cause air water to mix.
Chinese patent CN 101664642A; Open March 10 2010 date, title: a kind of air-blowing vacuum distillation device and method and document " research of air-blowing vacuum membrane still-process " (water technology, 2009; 35 (12)) a kind of air-blowing vacuum membrane distillation apparatus and method have also openly been related to; These apparatus and method adopt the vacuum membrane distillation of hollow fiber film assembly, and the mode of vacuumizing is that inner pressed is that shell side vacuumizes, and sewage is walked in the tubular fibre fenestra.This method also blasts low-pressure compressed air and sewage formation biphase gas and liquid flow in hollow fiber film assembly ingress.
Patent CN 101659451A, CN 101664642A and document " research of air-blowing vacuum membrane still-process " (water technology; 2009; That 35 (12)) adopts is chlamydate hollow-fibre membrane, is the external placed type operation, although the membrane distillation type is different; But sewage is all walked in the tubular fibre fenestra, and the shell side of membrane module forms vacuum or condensation system.The shortcoming of this kind mode is because the film silk is thinner, in membrane module ingress and film silk, causes dirty blocking up easily, and the concentration polarization influence is bigger, form film easily and pollute, and the membrane module after polluting is difficult for cleaning.And, owing to adopt the external placed type operation, so heat partial loss in the pipeline course of conveying, HU is low.More have, above-mentioned patent all adopts air compressor machine or blower fan to blast air, and the bubble that air compressor machine or blower fan produce is bigger; In pipeline, mix the back with sewage and get into membrane module; Because pipeline restriction, may cause gas dispersed bad in water, air water mixes problems such as inhomogeneous.In addition, the described distillation device of above-mentioned patent is described simple, and web member is few, and the automatic control degree is low, is not easy to industriallization and amplifies.
What membrane distillation adopted is microporous hydrophobic membrane; Based on the mass transport mechanism of the used microporous hydrophobic membrane of membrane distillation, the contamination resistance of membrane distillation is stronger, pollutes but also form film inevitably; The pollution of the used microporous hydrophobic membrane of membrane distillation is mainly film surface pollution, and the fenestra internal contamination is less relatively.Because the handled higher saline sewage of concentration that generally is of membrane distillation, it mainly is salt crystallization, fouling, gel coat and the Organic pollutants that concentration polarization causes that film pollutes.Therefore, concentration polarization is a very significant effects factor in the membrane distillation process, avoid as far as possible or reduce.
Different with the immersion ultra-filtration process; Because the handled systems such as lower high salt sewage of suspension content such as reverse osmosis concentrated water that generally are of membrane distillation; Therefore; The film of membrane distillation process pollutes and is mainly salt crystallization, fouling and the Organic pollutants that concentration polarization causes, and the film of ultra-filtration process pollutes cake layer pollution that macromole such as being mainly suspended substance or large particulate matter cause, colloid pollution etc.Therefore, be different from the immersion ultra-filtration process, the immersion ultrafiltration is polluted for the macromole of removing or prevent suspended substance, colloid etc., and the aeration rate of requirement is bigger, and this just causes the fracture of wire phenomenon of membrane module in the immersion ultra-filtration process easily.And the submerged membrane still-process mainly be for fear of or reduce concentration polarization and the temperature difference polarization in the sewage; Therefore required tolerance is less than the immersion ultrafiltration; The present invention is referred to as to dissolve gas, and lower tolerance suppresses or reduced the fracture of wire phenomenon in the submerged membrane still-process.In addition, excessive tolerance causes the reduction of per-meate side vacuum tightness easily, increases energy consumption.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention will solve:
Deficiency to the said distillation device of existing invention the invention provides a kind of immersion vacuum membrane distillation device that is used for WWT.Immersion device of the present invention adopts air dissolved pump that gas is provided, and can form littler, more uniform bubble, and the micro bubble particle diameter that air dissolved pump produces is about 20～40 microns; Gas and liquid dissolved efficiency are up to 80～100%; Solved the fracture of wire problem in the existing immersion aeration operation, and improved the membrane distillation flux, reduced the influence of concentration polarization and temperature difference polar through the more fully contact of gas-liquid two-phase; Reduce the film pollution, prolonged the cleaning interval and the work-ing life of film.In addition, adopt device of the present invention, reduced the pipeline calorific loss in the external membrane distillation procedure process, improved Btu utilization efficient.
Device of the present invention adopts one or both in immersion, external pressure type hollow fiber membrane component and the plate and frame module.Adopt immersion, external pressure type hollow fiber membrane component, the membrane module after the pollution cleans more easily, and the cleaning problem is blocked up, is difficult in the easy dirt that has solved in the operating process of inner pressed hollow fiber film assembly; Compare with hollow fiber film assembly, adopt plate and frame module, membrane flux is higher, and film pollutes less, and plate and frame module is simple in structure, operation and easy accessibility, cleans easily.
Be different from aforementioned patent, device of the present invention is for adopting immersion, the external-compression type vacuum membrane distillation device of uncanned hollow fiber film assembly or specific plate and frame module.Adopt the advantage of immersion vacuum membrane distillation to be that the micro-bubble that raw waste water and air dissolved pump provide carries out thorough mixing in the sewage heating water tank, gas-liquid mixed is more even.In addition, along with constantly concentrating of membrane distillation process, sewage can in time obtain thorough mixing, has reduced the influence of concentration polarization and temperature difference polar, has reduced the film pollution.With respect to the inner pressed membrane module that patent CN101664642A adopts, the advantage of external-compression type membrane module is to effectively reduce effects of Concentration Polarization.
Be different from aforementioned patent, patent of the present invention is more detailed to the description of distillation device and embodiment, and apparatus structure is simple, and control degree is high automatically, is easy to industriallization and amplifies.
Generally speaking, distillation device of the present invention is compared existing distillation device, and its main advantage is; Reduced the influence of concentration polarization and temperature difference polar; Improved the membrane distillation flux, reduced film and polluted and the film fracture of wire, and the membrane module after polluting has cleaned easily; The pipeline thermosteresis is few, and thermo-efficiency is high.
Technical scheme of the present invention:
Comprise following interconnecting piece: former water water tank 1, air dissolved pump 2, former water heating water tank 3, membrane distillation hydrophobic membrane assembly 4, condensing surface 5, vacuum buffer tank 6, vacuum pump 7, produce water tank 8 and 9, valve, metrical instrument, two-position controller.
Above-mentioned former water water tank 1 is provided with liquidometer 11, and the bottom is provided with mud discharging mouth 12, and is provided with suction culvert and outlet pipeline, and suction culvert is provided with degree adjustment valve 10, and outlet pipeline is connected with liquid meter 13 imports;
Above-mentioned air dissolved pump 2 is provided with water-in, inlet mouth and gas-liquid mixed export, and water-in is connected with liquid meter 13 outlets, and inlet mouth is connected with gas meter 14 outlets, and the gas-liquid mixed outlet is connected with degree adjustment valve 15 imports;
Above-mentioned former water heating water tank 3 is provided with liquidometer 16, and tank top is provided with venting port 17, and the bottom is provided with concentrated water discharge mouth 18, regularly carries out dense row according to water quality;
Above-mentioned former water heating water tank 3 is provided with suction culvert, and suction culvert is provided with tensimeter, and suction culvert is connected with degree adjustment valve 15 outlets;
Above-mentioned membrane distillation hydrophobic membrane assembly 4 is arranged in the former water heating water tank 3, and membrane distillation hydrophobic membrane assembly couples together fixing with framework, and 5 imports are connected through pipeline the outlet of membrane distillation hydrophobic membrane assembly 4 per-meate side with condensing surface;
Above-mentioned condensing surface 5 is provided with import and outlet, and condensing surface 5 imports are connected through pipeline with the membrane module per-meate side, and condensing surface 5 outlets are connected with vacuum buffer tank 6 imports;
Above-mentioned condensing surface 5 is provided with water of condensation import 19 and condensation-water drain 20, and circulating condensing water and membrane distillation produce the water counter-current flow;
Above-mentioned vacuum buffer tank 6 is provided with inlet mouth and air outlet, and inlet mouth is connected through pipeline with condensing surface 5 outlets, and the air outlet is connected with vacuum pump 7 imports;
Above-mentioned vacuum pump 7, import is connected through pipeline with vacuum buffer tank 6 outlets;
Above-mentioned product water tank 8 is provided with liquidometer 21, and is provided with water-in and water outlet, and water-in is provided with SV 23, and SV 23 is connected through pipeline with condensing surface 5 outlets, and water outlet is provided with SV 25, and SV 25 is connected with the outlet pipeline that leads to water spot;
Above-mentioned product water tank 9, water tank 8 is parallelly connected with producing, and is provided with liquidometer 22; And be provided with water-in and water outlet, and water-in is provided with SV 24, and SV 24 is connected through pipeline with condensing surface 5 outlets; Water outlet is provided with SV 26, and SV 26 is connected with the outlet pipeline that leads to water spot;
Immersion vacuum membrane distillation device operating process of the present invention is following: after former water is removed pre-treatment such as turbidity and suspended substance through pH regulator, micro-filtration; Get into former water water tank 1 through degree adjustment valve 10; When treating that liquidometer indication in the former water water tank 1 reaches the highest liquid level; Sewage in the former water water tank 1 gets into air dissolved pump 2 through the gas that liquid meter 13 and gas meter 14 provide with certain GWR; Get into former water heating water tank 3 through the air-water mixture behind air dissolved pump 2 thorough mixing and be heated to specified temp, open vacuum pump 7 vacuumizes hydrophobic membrane assembly 4 per-meate side; Under vacuum action, steam in the sewage and gas produce water tank 8 or 9 through getting into after condensing surface 5 condensation separation.
In the specific implementation, immersion vacuum membrane distillation unit requires to regulate sewage pH, Heating temperature, per-meate side vacuum tightness and GWR according to water quality treatment and flux.Sewage pH scope is 6～9, and more excellent scope is 7～8; The Heating temperature scope is 45 ℃～95 ℃, and more excellent scope is 60 ℃～85 ℃; Vacuum ranges is-0.01～-0.1MPa, more excellent scope is-0.06～-0.095MPa; Air water ratio of mixture scope is 0.1～1: 1, and more excellent scope is 0.3～0.6: 1;
Above-mentioned former water water tank 1 is mainly as the water tank of membrane distillation water inlet;
Above-mentioned air dissolved pump 2 is mainly used in simple pretreated sewage of process and gas thorough mixing;
Above-mentioned former water heating water tank 3 is mainly used in the gas-liquid mixed sewage that air dissolved pump 2 is provided and is heated to preset temperature;
The type of heating of above-mentioned former water heating water tank 3 is electrically heated, exhaust steam heating or utilizes other used heat heat exchange;
Above-mentioned membrane distillation hydrophobic membrane assembly 4 is mainly used in gas in the sewage and steam filtration is arrived the inlet side condensation;
Above-mentioned membrane distillation hydrophobic membrane assembly 4 adopts one or both in plate and frame hydrophobic membrane assembly and the tubular fibre hydrophobic membrane assembly;
The material of above-mentioned hollow-fibre membrane and sheet frame film is one or more in pvdf, tetrafluoroethylene, the Vestolen PP 7052;
Above-mentioned condensing surface 5 is mainly used in the steam that sees through hydrophobic fenestra in the condensation sewage;
Above-mentioned hydrophobic membrane assembly 4 employing n (n=1,2 ... 10) a hollow-fibre membrane MD1, MD2......MDn and n (n=1,2 ... 50) layer flat sheet membrane MD1, one or both of MD2......MDn can be adjusted the numerical value of n arbitrarily according to handling the water yield;
Above-mentioned vacuum buffer tank 6 is mainly used in the negative pressure that buffering vacuum pump 7 produces;
Above-mentioned vacuum pump 7 is mainly used in to hydrophobic membrane module permeate side negative pressure is provided;
Above-mentioned product water tank 8 and 9 is mainly used in the condensation of storage films Distallation systm and produces water;
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
Immersion vacuum membrane distillation device of the present invention dissolves in micro-bubble through air dissolved pump in sewage, make the contact of gas-liquid thorough mixing, strengthens the perturbation action in the sewage, reduces concentration polarization and temperature difference polarization influence in the sewage, improves the membrane distillation flux.In addition; Dissolve in the steam partial pressure that little of gas has reduced the vapour-liquid interface place in the sewage, make charging side form surface form one deck air film more easily, weakened the wetting influence of water and organic solvent hydrophobic membrane; Reduced steam condensing in fenestra simultaneously; Alleviate the film pollution, improved the membrane distillation operating flux, prolonged the cycle of operation of membrane module;
Submerged membrane water distilling apparatus of the present invention adopts air dissolved pump to dissolve gas; Molten tolerance will be lower than the aeration rate of traditional immersion ultrafiltration; And air dissolved pump dissolves gas can form littler, more uniform bubble; Help the abundant contact of gas-liquid two-phase, improved the gas-to-liquid contact area, and suppress or reduced the fracture of wire phenomenon in the submerged membrane still-process;
Immersion vacuum membrane distillation device of the present invention, raw waste water and air can carry out thorough mixing in the sewage heating water tank, and gas-liquid mixed is more even.In addition, along with constantly concentrating of membrane distillation process, sewage can in time obtain thorough mixing, has reduced the influence of concentration polarization and temperature difference polar, has reduced the film pollution;
Immersion vacuum membrane distillation device of the present invention can be realized the operate continuously of immersion vacuum membrane distillation, and dense water does not have backflow, only regularly carries out dense row, and the system recoveries rate is high;
Distillation device of the present invention adopts the immersion operation, has reduced the calorific loss in the pipeline course of conveying, has improved HU;
Immersion vacuum membrane distillation device of the present invention adopts one or both in multi-ply wood frame hydrophobic membrane assembly or many tubular fibre hydrophobic membrane assemblies, and can realize the difference operation or the parallel operation separately of two types of membrane modules;
Immersion vacuum membrane distillation device of the present invention adopts specific multilayer plate and frame module or many hollow fiber film assemblies.Compare with hollow fiber film assembly, the advantage of plate and frame module is that membrane flux is higher, and it is less that film pollutes, and plate and frame module is simple in structure, operation and easy accessibility, cleans easily.The advantage of hollow fiber film assembly is that packing density is big, takes up an area of for a short time, but the membrane distillation flux is relatively low;
Submerged membrane distillation hollow fiber film assembly structure of the present invention is equal to existing submerged ultrafiltration assembly basically;
Plate and frame membrane distillation unit construction of the present invention is the high temperature resistance diaphragm distillation assembly that is similar to existing immersion MBR assembly;
The material of membrane distillation assembly of the present invention is high temperature materials such as PVDF, PTFE or PPESK;
The thickness of plate and frame membrane distillation assembly of the present invention is greater than the thickness of existing immersion MBR assembly, and thickness range is 8～20mm.Certain thickness plate and frame membrane distillation assembly has improved the product water flow passage volume of membrane permeation side, the extraction fully and the condensation that more help producing water;
Device of the present invention has combined the advantage of existing distillation device or method, and on its basis, breaks through and innovate, for the research and development of film distillation technology provides a kind of new thinking and method;
Immersion vacuum membrane distillation device of the present invention can be used for high salt sewage such as reverse osmosis concentrated water, contains the advanced treatment and the reuse of the high organism sewage of the organic high salt of a certain amount of non-volatility and the recovery that contains volatile organic matter in a small amount of volatile organic matter sewage;
Immersion vacuum membrane distillation apparatus structure of the present invention is simple, and control degree is high automatically, is easy to industriallization and amplifies.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow sheet of the present invention
Fig. 2 is a structural representation of the present invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing further explain technical scheme according to the invention.
Immersion vacuum membrane distillation device technique flow process of the present invention is as shown in Figure 1; Direction shown in the arrow is a water (flow) direction in the accompanying drawing: after former water is removed pre-treatment such as turbidity and suspended substance through pH regulator, micro-filtration; Get into immersion vacuum membrane distillation unit; Use water spot but the membrane distillation product water direct reuse after the process immersion vacuum membrane distillation cell processing is sent to, a small amount of dense water of membrane distillation discharging focuses on.
As shown in Figure 2, immersion vacuum membrane distillation device of disposing of sewage according to the invention comprises:
Former water water tank 1 is provided with liquidometer 11, and the bottom is provided with mud discharging mouth 12, and is provided with suction culvert and outlet pipeline, and suction culvert is provided with degree adjustment valve 10, and outlet pipeline is connected with liquid meter 13 imports;
Air dissolved pump 2 is provided with water-in, inlet mouth and gas-liquid mixed export, and water-in is connected with liquid meter 13 outlets, and inlet mouth is connected with gas meter 14 outlets, and the gas-liquid mixed outlet is connected with degree adjustment valve 15 imports;
Former water heating water tank 3 is provided with liquidometer 16, and tank top is provided with venting port 17, and the bottom is provided with concentrated water discharge mouth 18, and is provided with suction culvert, and suction culvert is provided with tensimeter, and suction culvert is connected with degree adjustment valve 15 outlets;
Membrane distillation hydrophobic membrane assembly 4 is arranged in the former water heating water tank 3, and membrane distillation hydrophobic membrane assembly couples together fixing with framework, and 5 imports are connected through pipeline the outlet of membrane distillation hydrophobic membrane assembly 4 per-meate side with condensing surface;
Condensing surface 5 is provided with import and outlet, and condensing surface 5 imports are connected through pipeline with the membrane module per-meate side, and condensing surface 5 outlets are connected with vacuum buffer tank 6 imports;
Condensing surface 5 is provided with water of condensation import 19 and condensation-water drain 20, and circulating condensing water and membrane distillation produce the water counter-current flow;
Vacuum buffer tank 6 is provided with inlet mouth and air outlet, and inlet mouth is connected through pipeline with condensing surface 5 outlets, and the air outlet is connected with vacuum pump 7 imports;
Vacuum pump 7, import is connected through pipeline with vacuum buffer tank 6 outlets;
The valve that needs in the technique scheme to use comprises manual ball valve, two logical (threeway) SVs, Pneumatic butterfly valve, electronic degree adjustment valve, sampling valve etc.; Can regulate through manually or automatically controlling realization unlatching and closure or aperture; All can adopt existing techniques in realizing, this paper no longer details.
The metrical instrument that needs in the technique scheme to use comprises pH meter, conductivity meter, under meter, pressure transmitter, tensimeter, liquidometer etc., all can adopt existing techniques in realizing, and this paper no longer details.
The available two-position controller of device according to the invention is accomplished and is controlled; The two-position controller that uses can be selected commercially available finished product plc (PLC) for use, can realize the automatic control of entire operation process is set with artificial, can set the film unit uptime; Can set each valve opening and closing condition and aperture; Can set the operation flow and the pressure of each water pump, all can adopt existing techniques in realizing, this paper no longer details.
The present invention in the specific implementation, immersion vacuum membrane distillation unit adopts one or both in hollow fiber film assembly and the plate and frame module, two kinds of membrane modules can be distinguished isolated operation, but also parallel running.Immersion vacuum membrane distillation unit requires to regulate sewage pH, Heating temperature, per-meate side vacuum tightness and GWR according to water quality treatment and flux.Sewage pH scope is 6～9, and more excellent scope is 7～8; The Heating temperature scope is 45 ℃～95 ℃, and more excellent scope is 60 ℃～85 ℃; Vacuum ranges is-0.01～-0.1MPa, more excellent scope is-0.06～-0.095MPa; Air water ratio of mixture scope is 0.1～1: 1, and more excellent scope is 0.3～0.6: 1.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
The composition of immersion vacuum membrane distillation device comprises: former water water tank 1, air dissolved pump 2, former water heating water tank 3, membrane distillation hydrophobic membrane assembly 4, condensing surface 5, vacuum buffer tank 6, vacuum pump 7, produce water tank 8 and 9, former water degree adjustment valve 10, former water water tank liquidometer 11, former water water tank mud discharging mouth 12, water inlet liquid meter 13, gas meter 14, degree adjustment valve 15, former water heating water tank liquidometer 16; Former water heating water tank venting port 17; Former water heating water tank concentrated water discharge mouth 18, circulating condensing water inlet 19, circulating condensing water out 20, produce water tank 8 liquidometers 21, produce water tank 9 liquidometers 22, produce water tank 8 import SVs 23, produce water tank 8 outlet SVs 25, produce water tank 9 import SVs 24, produce water tank 9 outlet SVs 26.
Former water water tank 1 is provided with suction culvert and outlet pipeline; Suction culvert is provided with degree adjustment valve 10; Outlet pipeline is connected with liquid meter 13 water-ins, and liquid meter 13 water outlets and gas meter 14 air outlets are connected in parallel on air dissolved pump 2 inlet ductwork, and the outlet of the gas-liquid mixed of air dissolved pump 2 is connected through pipeline with degree adjustment valve 15 imports; Degree adjustment valve 15 outlets are connected with former water heating water tank 3 inlet ductwork; Membrane distillation hydrophobic membrane assembly 4 is arranged in the former water heating water tank 3, and 5 imports are connected through pipeline membrane distillation hydrophobic membrane assembly 4 per-meate side with condensing surface, and condensing surface 5 outlets are connected through pipeline with vacuum buffer tank 6 imports; Vacuum buffer tank 6 outlets are connected through pipeline with vacuum pump 7 imports; Produce water tank 8 and 9 imports and be connected in parallel on condensing surface 5 export pipelines through SV 23 and 24 respectively, produce on water tank 8 and 9 water outlet pipeline and be respectively equipped with SV 25 and 26, realize producing the water reuse through the switching of controlling four SVs.
Application examples 1
Certain reverse osmosis concentrated water of petrochemical enterprises, main water quality characteristic is: sewage pH 8, electricity is led 25mS/cm, COD
Cr242mg/L, Ca
2+214mg/L, Mg
2+227mg/L, Na
+5078mg/L, Cl
-8407mg/L dissolves silicon 36mg/L, turbidity 0.4NTU.
Adopt this reverse osmosis concentrated water of apparatus processes of the present invention, because the dense water pH about 8 of this gang, and turbidity is lower, therefore need not to carry out pre-treatment such as pH regulator and micro-filtration, directly gets into former water water tank 1.The concrete operations flow process is following: open former water water intaking valve 10; When treating that liquidometer 11 indication sewage in the former water water tank 1 reach the highest liquid level; Open liquid meter 13, gas meter 14, air dissolved pump 2 and water inlet degree adjustment valve 15, the gas that the sewage in the former water water tank 1 provides through liquid meter 13 and gas meter 14 gets into air dissolved pump 2 with 0.4: 1 GWR, gets into former water heating water tank 3 heating through the air-water mixture behind air dissolved pump 2 thorough mixing through water inlet degree adjustment valve 15; Note control heating water tank 3 internal pressures within the specific limits; Dissolve sewage behind the gas behind heating water tank 3 internal heating to 75 ℃, the ON cycle water of condensation makes that water of condensation circulate in the condensing surface 5; Open vacuum pump 7; Vacuum tightness is adjusted to-0.095MPa about, under the effect that the per-meate side of parallelly connected PVDF hollow fiber film assembly or Multi-layer Parallel PTFE plate and frame module to many in the heating water tank 3 vacuumizes, gas in the sewage and vapour transmission fenestra are to per-meate side; Vapor condensation gets off to get into the product water tank, and noncondensable gas is then taken away by vacuum pump.Keep to produce the entering water electromagnetic valve 23 of water tank 8 this moment and open, produce entering water electromagnetic valve 24 closures of water tank 9, that produces water tank 8 goes out water solenoid valve 25 closures; Producing the water solenoid valve 26 that of water tank 9 opens; Wait to produce after the indication of water tank 8 liquidometers 21 reaches the highest liquid level, SV 23 closures, SV 24 is opened; While SV 26 closures, SV 25 is opened; After waiting to produce liquidometers 22 indications in the water tank 9 and reaching the highest liquid level, SV 24 closures, SV 23 is opened, SV 25 closures simultaneously, SV 26 is opened.Four SVs are combined operation, switchover operation.The product water that produces water tank 8 and 9 can directly be sent to uses water spot.
In the experimentation, plate and frame membrane distillation flux remains on 12～25L/m
2In the h scope, the hollow-fibre membrane distillating ventilating amount remains on 7～15L/m
2In the h scope, the product water water quality of two types of membrane modules is all better, produces water power and leads≤3 μ S/cm, produces water COD
Mn＜3mg/L, ratio of desalinization is higher than 99%.
During practical implementation, through regulating liquid level and heating water tank 3 internal pressures that water inlet degree adjustment valve 15 and former water heating water tank venting port 17 are regulated in the heating water tank 3.Dense water degree adjustment valve 18 through regulating heating water tank 3 bottoms is controlled concentrated water drainages high-volume.Settled body refuse is regularly discharged from bottom drain 12 in the former water water tank 1.
Comparative Examples 1
Certain reverse osmosis concentrated water of petrochemical enterprises, main water quality characteristic is: sewage pH 8, electricity is led 25mS/cm, COD
Cr242mg/L, Ca
2+214mg/L, Mg
2+227mg/L, Na
+5078mg/L, Cl
-8407mg/L dissolves silicon 36mg/L, turbidity 0.4NTU.
Adopt this reverse osmosis concentrated water of apparatus processes of the present invention, because the dense water pH about 8 of this gang, and turbidity is lower, therefore need not to carry out pre-treatment such as pH regulator and micro-filtration, directly gets into former water water tank 1.The concrete operations flow process is following: open former water water intaking valve 10; When treating that liquidometer 11 indication sewage in the former water water tank 1 reach the highest liquid level, open liquid meter 13, air dissolved pump 2 and water inlet degree adjustment valve 15, gas meter 14 remains on closure state; Sewage in the former water water tank 1 gets into air dissolved pump 2 through liquid meter 13; Get into former water heating water tank 3 heating through the sewage behind the air dissolved pump 2 through water inlet degree adjustment valve 15, note control heating water tank 3 internal pressures within the specific limits, sewage is behind heating water tank 3 internal heating to 75 ℃; The ON cycle water of condensation; Make that water of condensation circulate in the condensing surface 5, open vacuum pump 7, vacuum tightness is adjusted to-0.095MPa about; Under the effect that the per-meate side of parallelly connected PVDF hollow fiber film assembly or Multi-layer Parallel PTFE plate and frame module to many in the heating water tank 3 vacuumizes, the vapour transmission fenestra in the sewage gets under the per-meate side condensation and produces water tank.Keep to produce the entering water electromagnetic valve 23 of water tank 8 this moment and open, produce entering water electromagnetic valve 24 closures of water tank 9, that produces water tank 8 goes out water solenoid valve 25 closures; Producing the water solenoid valve 26 that of water tank 9 opens; Wait to produce after the indication of water tank 8 liquidometers 21 reaches the highest liquid level, SV 23 closures, SV 24 is opened; While SV 26 closures, SV 25 is opened; After waiting to produce liquidometers 22 indications in the water tank 9 and reaching the highest liquid level, SV 24 closures, SV 23 is opened, SV 25 closures simultaneously, SV 26 is opened.Four SVs are combined operation, switchover operation.The product water that produces water tank 8 and 9 can directly be sent to uses water spot.
In the experimentation, plate and frame membrane distillation flux remains on 9～20L/m
2H, the hollow-fibre membrane distillating ventilating amount remains on 5～12L/m
2H, the product water water quality of two types of membrane modules is all better, produces water power and leads≤3 μ S/cm, produces water COD
Mn＜3mg/L, ratio of desalinization is higher than 99%.
During practical implementation, through regulating liquid level and heating water tank 3 internal pressures that water inlet degree adjustment valve 15 and former water heating water tank venting port 17 are regulated in the heating water tank 3.Dense water degree adjustment valve 18 through regulating heating water tank 3 bottoms is controlled concentrated water drainages high-volume.Settled body refuse is regularly discharged from bottom drain 12 in the former water water tank 1.
Comparative Examples 1 is compared with application examples 1, and Comparative Examples 1 is not dissolved in gas in sewage, and the membrane distillation flux is starkly lower than the membrane distillation flux that dissolves sewage behind the gas.GWR is 0.4: 1 o'clock, and under the same film distillation condition, the membrane distillation flux of sewage improves about 10～30% when dissolving the insoluble gas of the membrane distillation flux ratio of sewage behind the gas.In addition, molten gas is little to the product water water quality impact of membrane distillation.
Claims (15)
1. immersion vacuum membrane distillation device; Comprise valve, metrical instrument, two-position controller, it is characterized in that comprising former water water tank 1, air dissolved pump 2, former water heating water tank 3, membrane distillation hydrophobic membrane assembly 4, condensing surface 5, vacuum buffer tank 6, vacuum pump 7, produce water tank 8 and 9; Former water water tank 1, air dissolved pump 2, former water heating water tank 3 link to each other successively; Membrane distillation hydrophobic membrane assembly 4 the insides in former water heating water tank 3; Membrane distillation hydrophobic membrane assembly 4 links to each other with condensing surface 5; Condensing surface 5 links to each other with 9 with product water tank 8 with vacuum buffer tank 6 respectively, and vacuum buffer tank 6 links to each other with vacuum pump 7.
2. a kind of immersion vacuum membrane distillation device according to claim 1 is characterized in that membrane distillation hydrophobic membrane assembly 4 adopts one or both in immersion, external pressure type hollow fiber membrane component and the plate and frame module.
3. a kind of immersion vacuum membrane distillation device according to claim 2, the material that it is characterized in that hollow-fibre membrane and sheet frame film is one or more in pvdf, tetrafluoroethylene, the Vestolen PP 7052.
4. a kind of immersion vacuum membrane distillation device according to claim 2 is characterized in that hydrophobic membrane assembly 4 adopts n (n=1,2; ... 10) a hollow-fibre membrane MD1, MD2......MDn and n (n=1,2; ... 50) layer flat sheet membrane MD1, one or both of MD2......MDn.
5. a kind of immersion vacuum membrane distillation device according to claim 2, the thickness range that it is characterized in that plate and frame membrane distillation assembly is 8～20mm.
6. a kind of immersion vacuum membrane distillation device according to claim 1; It is characterized in that former water water tank 1; Be provided with liquidometer 11, the bottom is provided with mud discharging mouth 12, and is provided with suction culvert and outlet pipeline; Suction culvert is provided with degree adjustment valve 10, and outlet pipeline is connected with liquid meter 13 imports.
7. a kind of immersion vacuum membrane distillation device according to claim 1; It is characterized in that air dissolved pump 2; Be provided with water-in, inlet mouth and gas-liquid mixed export; Water-in is connected with liquid meter 13 outlets, and inlet mouth is connected with gas meter 14 outlets, and the gas-liquid mixed outlet is connected with degree adjustment valve 15 imports.
8. a kind of immersion vacuum membrane distillation device according to claim 1 is characterized in that former water heating water tank 3, is provided with liquidometer 16 and venting port 17, and the bottom is provided with concentrated water discharge mouth 18.
9. a kind of immersion vacuum membrane distillation device according to claim 1 is characterized in that former water heating water tank 3, is provided with suction culvert, and suction culvert is provided with tensimeter, and suction culvert is connected with degree adjustment valve 15 outlets.
10. a kind of immersion vacuum membrane distillation device according to claim 1 is characterized in that condensing surface 5, is provided with import and outlet, and condensing surface 5 imports are connected through pipeline with the membrane module per-meate side, and condensing surface 5 outlets are connected with vacuum buffer tank 6 imports.
11. a kind of immersion vacuum membrane distillation device according to claim 1 is characterized in that condensing surface 5, is provided with water of condensation import 19 and condensation-water drain 20, circulating condensing water and membrane distillation produce the water counter-current flow;
12. a kind of immersion vacuum membrane distillation device according to claim 1; It is characterized in that producing water tank 8, be provided with liquidometer 21, and be provided with water-in and water outlet; Water-in is provided with SV 23; SV 23 is connected through pipeline with condensing surface 5 outlets, and water outlet is provided with SV 25, and SV 25 is connected with the outlet pipeline that leads to water spot.
13. a kind of immersion vacuum membrane distillation device according to claim 1 is characterized in that producing water tank 9, water tank 8 is parallelly connected with producing; Be provided with liquidometer 22; And be provided with water-in and water outlet, and water-in is provided with SV 24, and SV 24 is connected through pipeline with condensing surface 5 outlets; Water outlet is provided with SV 26, and SV 26 is connected with the outlet pipeline that leads to water spot.
14. the method for an immersion vacuum membrane distillation apparatus processes sewage; May further comprise the steps:: after former water is removed pre-treatment such as turbidity and suspended substance through pH regulator, micro-filtration; Get into former water water tank 1 through degree adjustment valve 10; When treating that liquidometer indication in the former water water tank 1 reaches the highest liquid level, the sewage in the former water water tank 1 gets into air dissolved pump 2 through the gas that liquid meter 13 and gas meter 14 provide with certain GWR, gets into former water heating water tank 3 through the air-water mixture behind air dissolved pump 2 thorough mixing and is heated to specified temp; Open vacuum pump 7; Hydrophobic membrane assembly 4 per-meate side are vacuumized, and under vacuum action, steam in the sewage and gas produce water tank 8 or 9 through getting into after condensing surface 5 condensation separation.
15. the method for a kind of immersion vacuum membrane distillation apparatus processes sewage according to claim 14 is characterized in that sewage pH scope is 6～9, more excellent scope is 7～8; The Heating temperature scope is 45 ℃～95 ℃, and more excellent scope is 60 ℃～85 ℃; Vacuum ranges is-0.01～-0.1MPa, more excellent scope is-0.06～-0.095MPa; Air water ratio of mixture scope is 0.1～1: 1, and more excellent scope is 0.3～0.6: 1.
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