CN102416836A - Transversal leaf spring type front independent suspension mechanism with sliding blocks at two ends - Google Patents
Transversal leaf spring type front independent suspension mechanism with sliding blocks at two ends Download PDFInfo
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- CN102416836A CN102416836A CN201110334477XA CN201110334477A CN102416836A CN 102416836 A CN102416836 A CN 102416836A CN 201110334477X A CN201110334477X A CN 201110334477XA CN 201110334477 A CN201110334477 A CN 201110334477A CN 102416836 A CN102416836 A CN 102416836A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a front independent suspension mechanism of a vehicle, in particular to a front axle independent suspension mechanism mainly used on a commercial vehicle such as lorry and passenger car. In the mechanism, one, two or mainly leaf springs are used in place of an elastic element of the conventional independent suspension such as spiral spring independent suspension or torsion bar independent suspension, plate-end sliding blocks are used to connect a common independent suspension and leaf springs together perfectly, structures such as I-beam are not used, parts such as leaf springs are hidden in a cross beam of a secondary vehicle frame, and the advantages of the common independent suspension and the advantages of the leaf spring suspension are fully combined. In the mechanism, the loading capacity is high with many elastic elements are used, and the difference between equivalent averages of idle-load comfort and load comfort is small; and compared with the conventional axle load commercial vehicle, the commercial vehicle using the mechanism is more comfortable, takes up a smaller space and is lower in cost.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to vehicle front suspension structure.
Background technology
Along with the improvement of road, client to ride quality and traveling comfort require increasingly highly, mostly be that the independent front suspension of manned vehicle use progressively used in the past on the lighter commercial vehicle/comm..vehicle of axle load;
But has only a flexible member owing to existing independent suspension mechanism is one-sided; Flexible member all uses helical spring or torsion-bar spring; These mechanism structure are complicated, weight is big, it is big to take up room; Processing cost is high; Keep in repair also difficult; The empty fully loaded axle loads of commercial car such as while lorry differ greatly, and therefore the bearing capacity and the cost of existing independent suspension mechanism make it on the bigger commercial car of front axle load, not use always;
The leaf spring suspension is easy to manufacture, easy to maintenance, dependable performance, almost on all commercial vehicle/comm..vehicles, uses and all uses leaf spring.But its ride comfort is very poor, and simultaneously, propons will use the such bulky elements of H-girder when using the leaf spring suspension;
The commercial vehicle/comm..vehicle that front axle load is bigger, the application force that is applied to elastic element is also very big, differs greatly with the fully loaded axle load of space-time, if the one-sided use unitary elasticity of suspension element, the ride comfort in the time of satisfying zero load, the at full load load-carrying capacity just weakens; When guaranteeing the at full load load-carrying capacity equally, unloaded ride comfort is just relatively poor.Therefore, existing independent suspension and leaf spring suspension all can not satisfy the requirements such as load-carrying capacity and ride comfort of commercial vehicle/comm..vehicle simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to improve the load-carrying capacity of independent suspension, on the bigger commercial vehicle/comm..vehicle of front axle load, use independent suspension, improve the ride comfort of commercial vehicle/comm..vehicle, and it is little under two kinds of states that the fully loaded front axle load of sky differs greatly, vehicle ride comfort to be changed.Simple in structure simultaneously, economical and practical, take up room for a short time, operation and maintenance is convenient.
The technical improvement method of realizing the foregoing invention purpose is following:
The horizontal leaf spring independent front suspension of described two ends band slide block mechanism; Mainly comprise subframe, preceding shock absorber, left and right sides steering swivel, ball pin, about swing arm down, left and right sides plate end slide block, go up leaf spring, cushion block, leaf spring adapter plate, stabilizer rod, stabilizer rod pipe link, bottom arm bush etc. between following leaf spring, clevis bolt, plate;
Make elastic elements such as the coil spring of independent front suspension or torsion bar into two leaf springs up and down; And ensconce in the crossbeam of subframe in horizontal; With cushion block between clevis bolt, center bolt and plate two leaf springs are fixed on the leaf spring adapter plate; After leaf spring being put into the crossbeam of subframe, with 10 bolts the leaf spring adapter plate is fixed under the chassis cross-member respectively again;
Improve the structure of swing arm down, and increasing plate end slide block in the swing arm down.All adopt the face of cylinder with the leaf spring binding face on the plate end slide block, reduce the wearing and tearing and the movement interference of plate end slide block and leaf spring, simultaneously, be convenient to Assembly &Disassembly.On the plate end slide block rectangular box is arranged; The square frame outside top be a line of centers under the face of cylinder; Square frame inboard top with below be respectively line of centers the last face of cylinder and line of centers under the face of cylinder, that is to say, on plate end slide block, having in following three faces of cylinder;
Two leaf spring middle parts are fixed in the chassis cross-member, and insert in the square frame of plate end slide block at following leaf spring two ends, and last leaf spring two ends are directly over plate end slide block square frame.When wheel receives when impacting up-and-down movement, horizontal leaf spring two ends down are with plate end slide block up-and-down movement, and horizontally slip on the following face of cylinder in plate end slide block square frame.Fully loaded or receive when impacting when vehicle, the two ends of the two ends of last leaf spring and following leaf spring respectively with the face of cylinder, top of plate end slide block square frame and the applying of the following face of cylinder after up-and-down movement thereupon, and on the face of cylinder of plate end slide block, horizontally slip;
This structure has solved existing commercial vehicle/comm..vehicle front suspension one side unitary elasticity element, the problem that ride comfort unloaded and at full load has big difference.Also solved the little problem of independent suspension load-carrying capacity in the past, satisfied the demand of big axle load commercial vehicle/comm..vehicle, simultaneously since two leaf springs all built-in with chassis cross-member in, the independent suspension and the leaf spring suspension that take up room relatively in the past are all little.
The present the following aspects of beneficial technical effects of the present invention and figures in the expression of value of the linen, as an equivalent, and consequently, as a thing that is value:
1, has bigger carrying scope; Not only can be used in the compact car below 1.5 tons; Also can satisfy the demand of commercial vehicle/comm..vehicle commercial vehicle/comm..vehicle such as big axle load lorry of ton and passenger vehicle more than 1.5, and existing independent front suspension only can satisfy the demand of little front axle load vehicle below 1.5 tons basically;
2, said independent suspension mechanism ideally combines independent suspension, leaf spring suspension etc., and the parts such as H-girder of processed complex are simple in structure with the alternative traditional heaviness of horizontal leaf spring, and cost is low, has huge practical value;
3, compare existing big axle load commercial vehicle/comm..vehicle, equivalent average reduces by 5 ~ 12 dB, and ride comfort is good;
4, the rigidity of the elastic element of described independent front suspension zero load and at full load is corresponding with zero load and fully loaded front axle load respectively, and vehicle ride comfort unloaded and at full load differs less, and empty fully loaded ride comfort is all good;
5, use described suspension fork mechanism, left and right sides front-wheel self-movement separately is independent of each other, and reduces the inclination and the vibration of vehicle body, on the road surface of injustice, obtains good traction, has the anti-vibration performance of good travelling comfort and goods;
6, the existing relatively Mai Fuxun independent suspension of said independent suspension mechanism has the lower limit effect;
7, ensconce in the elastic element of said independent suspension in the crossbeam of subframe, compact conformation, minimum takes up room;
8, simple, the technical maturity of the elastic element structure that uses of said independent suspension, easy to manufacture, productive costs is low;
9, said independent suspension integral structure is simple, is convenient to maintenance and repair, and maintenance cost is also lower.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention, left-right symmetric;
Fig. 2 is a structure at full load front view of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the birds-eye view of Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is that the B-B of Fig. 3 is to cutaway view;
Fig. 5 is the enlarged drawing of Fig. 4 in the I district;
Fig. 6 is that the A-A of Fig. 2 is to cutaway view;
Fig. 7 is the enlarged drawing in the II district of Fig. 6;
Fig. 8 is that the C-C of Fig. 2 is to cutaway view;
Fig. 9 is Fig. 5 elastic element site plan under the vehicle light condition;
Figure 10 is Fig. 5 elastic element site plan under suspension limes superiors state;
Figure 11 is Fig. 5 elastic element site plan under suspension smallest limit state.
Wherein: shock absorber before the 1-; 2-left steering joint; 3-ball pin; 4-stabilizer rod pipe link; Swing arm under the 5-left side; The last leaf spring of 6-; 7-left side plate end slide block; Leaf spring under the 8-; 9-left side leaf spring adapter plate; The 10-subframe; The 11-stabilizer rod; 12-right panel spring adapter plate; The swing arm of 13-bottom right; 14-right panel end slide block; 15-right steering joint; The 16-bump rubber; The 17-upper padding plate; 18-U shape bolt; Cushion block between the 19-plate; 20-plate lower cushion block; The 21-lining; 22-band rubber bush stabilizer rod fixed support.
The specific embodiment
The horizontal leaf spring independent front suspension of described two ends band slide block mechanism, shock absorber 1, left steering joint 2 before comprising, ball pin 3,, stabilizer rod pipe link 4, left side swing arm 5 down, go up leaf spring 6, left plate end slide block 7, cushion block 19, plate lower cushion block 20, lining 21, lined stabilizer rod fixed support 22 between leaf spring 8, left leaf spring adapter plate 9, subframe 10, stabilizer rod 11, right panel spring adapter plate 12, bottom right swing arm 13, right panel end slide block 14, right steering joint 15, bump rubber 16, clevis bolt 18, upper padding plate 17, plate down.
Two upper padding plates 18 are put into respectively on the leaf spring 6; Centre hole aligns with left and right sides center bolt; About each with a clevis bolt 18; Through the hole on plate lower cushion block 20, left leaf spring adapter plate 9, the right panel spring adapter plate 12, cushion block 19, following leaf spring 8, plate lower cushion block 20, left leaf spring adapter plate 9, right panel spring adapter plate 12 between upper padding plate 17, last leaf spring 6, plate are fixed together.For reducing to go up the stress of leaf spring, the waist tee section is flattened at clevis bolt 17 middle parts.
Through the hole on left leaf spring adapter plate 9, the right panel spring adapter plate 12, about each is fixed to the lead spring assembly that fixes in the subframe 10 with 10 bolts.
4 linings 21 are pressed into respectively in left swing arm 5 down and the bottom right swing arm 13.Through the centre hole of 4 linings 21,, respectively swing arm under the left side 5 and bottom right swing arm 13 are installed on the subframe 10 with 4 bolts and 4 flange face jam nuts.
The square frame on the face of cylinder about the band of left plate end slide block 7 is inserted in down leaf spring 8 left ends, and a suitably movable left side is the angle of swing arm 5 down, with 4 bolts and 4 jam nuts, left plate end slide block 7 is fixed in the left swing arm 5 down.Equally, right panel end slide block 14 is fixed in the bottom right swing arm 13.Left side plate end slide block 7 all has three faces of cylinder, upper, middle and lower with right panel end slide block 14, and these three faces of cylinder can be reduced the friction of plate end and prevented to interfere, in, following two faces of cylinder also are convenient to Assembly &Disassembly.
Two stabilizer rod pipe links 4 are installed on stabilizer rod 11 two ends, stabilizer rod 11 is installed on the subframe 10, again left and right sides stabilizer rod pipe link 4 is installed to respectively in left swing arm 5 down and the bottom right swing arm 13 with bolt and two band rubber bush stabilizer rod fixed supports 22.
About with 3 bolts subframe is fixed on the vehicle body respectively.
With 6 bolts two preceding shock absorber 1 upper ends are separately fixed on the vehicle body, with 8 bolts two preceding shock absorber 1 lower ends are respectively fixed to left steering joint 2 again and save on 15 with right steering.
By ball pin 3 and locking nut lower-left swing arm 5 is connected on the left steering joint 2, same, bottom right swing arm 13 is connected on the right turn joint 15.Left and right sides wheel hub, wheel etc. are contained in respectively on left steering joint 2 and the right steering joint 15.
The principle of work of the two ends horizontal leaf spring independent front suspension of band slide block mechanism:
Said front suspension left-right symmetric is explained principle of work of the present invention with the front suspension left side below.
Wheel and wheel hub are separately fixed on the left steering joint 2, and in the vehicle ' process, the ground reaction force that wheel is suffered descends swing arm 5, left plate end slide block 7 to be delivered to down the left end of leaf spring 8 through steering swivel 2, ball pin 3, a left side.
When vehicle is unloaded, mainly be to fit in the left end of leaf spring 8 down and the following face of cylinder in left plate end slide block 7 square frames, along with receiving ground-surface, impacts by wheel, and the left end of following leaf spring 8 slides on 7 times faces of cylinder of left plate end slide block.The rigidity of leaf spring 8 left ends is main corresponding with unloaded load under this moment.
When the vehicle at full load; Following leaf spring 8 left ends are fitted with the following face of cylinder in left plate end slide block 7 square frames with unloaded the same, and are sliding on the face of cylinder down; Simultaneously; Fit in the last face of cylinder at the left end of last leaf spring 6 and left plate end slide block 7 square frame tops, and up-and-down movement thereupon, and the left end of last leaf spring 6 slides on the last face of cylinder.The rigidity sum of the left end of the rigidity of leaf spring 8 left ends and last leaf spring 6 is corresponding with fully loaded load under this moment.
Zero load and fully loaded load are corresponding with its corresponding stiffness respectively, and empty fully loaded ride comfort changes little.
When vehicle received great impact, a left side down swing arm 5 and left plate end slide block 7 overcame and goes up leaf spring 6 left ends and following leaf spring 8 left ends to down spring, upward movement, and up to bump rubber 16, bump rubber 16 played and cushioned and the upper limit effect this moment.
When left wheel was unsettled, fitting in the middle face of cylinder in the left end of following leaf spring 8 and left plate end slide block 7 square openings, and on the middle face of cylinder of left plate end slide block 7, slides, and at this moment, the left end of following leaf spring 8 plays the lower limit effect.And the elastic element of the Mai Fuxun independent suspension of other mechanisms does not remove position-limiting action.
Stabilizer rod 11 is the anti-roll special purpose parts, and when the stressed inclination of vehicle, its rigidity plays the anti-roll effect.Simultaneously, last leaf spring 6 and following leaf spring 8 about the rigidity of holding also play the anti-roll effect.
From Fig. 5, Fig. 9, Figure 10, Figure 11, the present invention satisfies the various state requirements of vehicle, and load-carrying capacity is big, and ride comfort is good, and empty fully loaded ride comfort changes little, the mutually noninterfere of side-to-side movement simultaneously.
Claims (7)
1. the horizontal leaf spring independent front suspension of two ends band slide block mechanism mainly comprises preceding shock absorber (1), left steering joint (2), ball pin (3), stabilizer rod pipe link (4), left side swing arm (5) down, goes up leaf spring (6); Cushion block (19), bottom arm bush (21) etc. between left side plate end slide block (7), following leaf spring (8), left leaf spring adapter plate (9), subframe (10), stabilizer rod (11), right panel spring adapter plate (12), bottom right swing arm (13), right panel end slide block (14), right steering joint (15), bump rubber (16), clevis bolt (18), plate; The independent front suspension mechanism and the leaf spring suspension fork mechanism of relative prior art is characterized in that:
Make elastic elements such as the coil spring of independent front suspension or torsion bar into two changeable section plate springs up and down; And ensconce in the crossbeam of subframe (10) in horizontal; With cushion block (19) between clevis bolt (18), center bolt and plate two leaf springs are fixed on left leaf spring adapter plate (9) and the right panel spring adapter plate (12); With bolt left leaf spring adapter plate (9) and right panel spring adapter plate (12) are fixed on the crossbeam of subframe (10) again; Like this, up and down in the crossbeam of the middle part of horizontal leaf spring with regard to interior plant subframe (10);
Swing arm under a left side (5) is gone up increases left plate end slide block (7); On the left side plate end slide block (7) rectangular box (or waist shaped hole) is arranged; The square frame outside top be a line of centers under the face of cylinder (or curved surface), square frame inboard top with below be respectively line of centers last and under the face of cylinder (or curved surface), that is to say; On left plate end slide block (7), have go up in following three faces of cylinder (two faces of cylinder also can be combined into cylinder wherein on the plate end slide block); Left side plate end slide block (7) all adopts the face of cylinder with the leaf spring binding face, reduces the wearing and tearing and the movement interference of plate end slide block and leaf spring, is convenient to simultaneously install and disassemble;
For reducing noise and bump, can add rubber or other noise reduction mechanism on the face of cylinder of left plate end slide block (7);
The relative center of suspension face of the structure of bottom right swing arm (13) and right panel end slide block (14) and left swing arm (5) and left plate end slide block (7) symmetry down;
Insert respectively in the square frame of left plate end slide block (7) and right panel end slide block (14) at following leaf spring (8) two ends, and last leaf spring (6) two ends are directly over the square frame of left plate end slide block (7) and right panel end slide block (14);
When vehicle is unloaded, mainly being that leaf spring (8) carries down, fits in the following face of cylinder of following leaf spring (8) two ends and left plate end slide block (7) and right panel end slide block (14);
The vehicle at full load; Fit on the last face of cylinder of left plate end slide block (7) and right panel end slide block (14) in last leaf spring (6) two ends; Fit in the following face of cylinder of following leaf spring (8) two ends and left plate end slide block (7) and right panel end slide block (14); When wheel received road shocks, the two ends of last leaf spring (6) and following leaf spring (8) were with left plate end slide block (7) and right panel end slide block (14) up-and-down movement, simultaneously; Sliding on the face of cylinder on the last face of cylinder of left plate end slide block (7) and right panel end slide block (14) in last leaf spring (6) two ends, slides on the face of cylinder on the following face of cylinder of left plate end slide block (7) and right panel end slide block (14) in following leaf spring (8) two ends;
When wheel did not carry, fitting in the last plane at following leaf spring (8) two ends and the middle face of cylinder, plays the lower limit effect of suspension.
2. the horizontal leaf spring independent front suspension of two ends band slide block according to claim 1 mechanism; It is characterized in that: an existing relatively side has only the independent suspension of unitary elasticity element, adopts two changeable section plate springs up and down, and the elastic element effect is all played at the leaf spring two ends respectively about suspension; Make and have two elastic elements about suspension respectively; Following leaf spring (8) is a main spring, and last leaf spring (6) is an auxiliary spring, when unloaded; Following leaf spring (8) plays main elastic element effect, and leaf spring on the at full load (6) and following leaf spring (8) play the elastic element effect simultaneously.
3. according to claim 1, the horizontal leaf spring independent front suspension of 2 described two ends band slide blocks mechanism, institute's improvements are fit to the Mai Fuxun independent suspension of a following swing arm and the mechanisms such as double cross arm independent suspension of two swing arms up and down.
4. according to claim 1; The horizontal leaf spring independent front suspension of 2,3 described two ends band slide blocks mechanism is because last leaf spring (6) and following leaf spring (8) can be the monolithic leaf springs; Also can be formed by stacking 2 above leaf springs; Also can omit leaf spring (6), substituted by bump rubber (16) and go up leaf spring (6) part bearing function, therefore elastic element of the present invention is fit to 1 leaf spring, 2 leaf springs, 3 leaf springs, 4 leaf springs etc.
5. according to claim 1; The horizontal leaf spring independent front suspension of 2,3 described two ends band slide blocks mechanism is according to improving principle; Down swing arm (5) of a left side, bottom right swing arm (13), left plate end slide block (7), right panel end slide block (14) mechanism can be forging, foundry goods and towards weldment.
6. the horizontal leaf spring independent front suspension of two ends band slide block according to claim 1 mechanism; According to improving principle; Last leaf spring (6) and following leaf spring (8) fixed form can be used the fixed form of said inventive embodiments; Also available clevis bolt (18) and center bolt are fixed at last leaf spring (6) and following leaf spring (8) central part, the middle part fixing need about fix with rubber pad again from a distance, leaf spring center.
7. according to claim 1, the horizontal leaf spring independent front suspension of 2,3 described two ends band slide blocks mechanism, concerning dependent suspension mechanism, available horizontal leaf spring is replaced original leaf spring suspension and structural I-beam, uses independent front suspension mechanism; For original independent suspension mechanism, elastic elements such as coil spring that available horizontal leaf spring replacement is original or thin torsion bar use described independent front suspension mechanism.
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CN201110334477.XA CN102416836B (en) | 2011-10-30 | 2011-10-30 | Transversal leaf spring type front independent suspension mechanism with sliding blocks at two ends |
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CN201110334477.XA CN102416836B (en) | 2011-10-30 | 2011-10-30 | Transversal leaf spring type front independent suspension mechanism with sliding blocks at two ends |
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Cited By (11)
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CN102887042A (en) * | 2012-09-26 | 2013-01-23 | 柳州孔辉汽车科技有限公司 | Independent front suspension with transversely arranged steel plate spring |
CN103350629A (en) * | 2013-05-09 | 2013-10-16 | 江明 | Automobile suspension system |
CN104057795A (en) * | 2013-03-20 | 2014-09-24 | 上海同捷科技股份有限公司 | Automotive double-wishbone independent suspension mechanism |
CN104608572A (en) * | 2015-03-02 | 2015-05-13 | 安徽机电职业技术学院 | Lower suspension arm bushing mounting structure of Macpherson suspension |
CN104924869A (en) * | 2015-06-23 | 2015-09-23 | 安徽江淮汽车股份有限公司 | Macpherson independent suspension assembly |
CN106394154A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-02-15 | 东风商用车有限公司 | Commercial vehicle single front axle structure with independent suspensions |
CN106457946A (en) * | 2014-04-02 | 2017-02-22 | 依维柯股份公司 | Double wishbone or mcpherson suspension with transverse leaf spring and dimensioning method thereof |
CN106585312A (en) * | 2016-11-02 | 2017-04-26 | 北京宏瑞汽车科技股份有限公司 | Transverse plate spring type independent suspension structure |
CN108638777A (en) * | 2018-06-25 | 2018-10-12 | 浙江吉利控股集团有限公司 | Transverse leaf spring structure and double cross arm structure independent front suspensions |
CN108790667A (en) * | 2018-05-17 | 2018-11-13 | 北京汽车股份有限公司 | A kind of bodywork height regulating system and the vehicle with it |
CN113602049A (en) * | 2021-08-06 | 2021-11-05 | 奇瑞商用车(安徽)有限公司 | Front suspension structure of automobile |
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CN102887042B (en) * | 2012-09-26 | 2015-07-22 | 柳州孔辉汽车科技有限公司 | Independent front suspension with transversely arranged steel plate spring |
CN102887042A (en) * | 2012-09-26 | 2013-01-23 | 柳州孔辉汽车科技有限公司 | Independent front suspension with transversely arranged steel plate spring |
CN104057795A (en) * | 2013-03-20 | 2014-09-24 | 上海同捷科技股份有限公司 | Automotive double-wishbone independent suspension mechanism |
CN103350629A (en) * | 2013-05-09 | 2013-10-16 | 江明 | Automobile suspension system |
CN106457946A (en) * | 2014-04-02 | 2017-02-22 | 依维柯股份公司 | Double wishbone or mcpherson suspension with transverse leaf spring and dimensioning method thereof |
CN104608572A (en) * | 2015-03-02 | 2015-05-13 | 安徽机电职业技术学院 | Lower suspension arm bushing mounting structure of Macpherson suspension |
CN104924869B (en) * | 2015-06-23 | 2017-07-04 | 安徽江淮汽车集团股份有限公司 | A kind of macpherson suspension assembly |
CN104924869A (en) * | 2015-06-23 | 2015-09-23 | 安徽江淮汽车股份有限公司 | Macpherson independent suspension assembly |
CN106585312A (en) * | 2016-11-02 | 2017-04-26 | 北京宏瑞汽车科技股份有限公司 | Transverse plate spring type independent suspension structure |
CN106394154A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-02-15 | 东风商用车有限公司 | Commercial vehicle single front axle structure with independent suspensions |
CN106394154B (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2019-04-30 | 东风商用车有限公司 | A kind of commercial vehicle list front-axle structure with independent suspension |
CN108790667A (en) * | 2018-05-17 | 2018-11-13 | 北京汽车股份有限公司 | A kind of bodywork height regulating system and the vehicle with it |
CN108638777A (en) * | 2018-06-25 | 2018-10-12 | 浙江吉利控股集团有限公司 | Transverse leaf spring structure and double cross arm structure independent front suspensions |
CN113602049A (en) * | 2021-08-06 | 2021-11-05 | 奇瑞商用车(安徽)有限公司 | Front suspension structure of automobile |
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