CN101693438B - Heavy-load type oil-gas spring independent suspension steering drive axle - Google Patents
Heavy-load type oil-gas spring independent suspension steering drive axle Download PDFInfo
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- CN101693438B CN101693438B CN 200910093733 CN200910093733A CN101693438B CN 101693438 B CN101693438 B CN 101693438B CN 200910093733 CN200910093733 CN 200910093733 CN 200910093733 A CN200910093733 A CN 200910093733A CN 101693438 B CN101693438 B CN 101693438B
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- steering swivel
- steering
- drive axle
- cross arm
- gas spring
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Abstract
The invention relates to a heavy-load type oil-gas spring independent suspension steering drive axle which comprises a central main reducing gear assembly, an upper cross arm, a lower cross arm, a hub reducing gear assembly, a double-rzeppa type constant velocity universal transmission shaft, a steering joint seat, an oil-gas spring and a steering rod system, wherein the central main reducing gear assembly is located in the center of the steering drive axle and fixedly connected to a frame, and structures of the heavy-load type oil-gas spring independent suspension steering drive axle at the left end and the right end of the central main reducing gear assembly are the same and symmetrically distributed. The steering joint seat is adopted, thus stress in the front, back, left and right directions of the whole steering drive axle trends to be more uniform and reasonable, the steering drive axle has higher traveling smoothness and better maneuverability, and the regulation of ground clearance can be realized at the same time of regulating the height of the frame. The upper cross arm and the lower cross arm of the heavy-load type oil-gas spring independent suspension steering drive axle are respectively of an integral structure, thereby improving the structural rigidity. Both ends of the upper cross arm and the lower cross arm are respectively connected with the steering joint seat and a main reducing gear shell through pin shafts, and the reasonable optimization of swing arm connection points ensures that the changes of wheel tracks and wheel inclination angles are the minimum when wheels jump up and down to the limit, thereby improving the controllabitity and the stability of a chassis.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of independent suspension steering-drive bridge, particularly a kind of oil-gas spring independent suspension steering drive axle that is used for multiaxis superduty engineering machinery vehicle belongs to field of mechanical technique.
Background technology
The engineering machinery vehicle that with all terrain crane is representative at present generally adopts the hydro-pneumatic spring dependent suspension, and it is that elastic element, propelling rod are that guide piece, rigid axle are the arrangement form of bogey that this draft hitch has adopted with the hydro-pneumatic spring.The draft hitch of this structure has riding comfort preferably, also can realize the adjusting of chassis frame height.But when uneven road surface went, left and right wheels influenced each other, and camber angle changes greatly, influences the maneuvering performance of car load; And during the adjustment chassis frame height, can not adjust the ground Clearance.In addition, the suspension underlying point of the disclosed hydro-pneumatic spring independent suspension of ZL200610164840.7 is arranged in a side of lower cross arm, but not whole bridge in the heart, be prone to cause unbalance stress, the rigidity of the whole bridge of influence, thereby influence load-carrying capacity.And the present invention is through increasing the steering swivel seat; Stressed on the both direction of whole bridge all around all more become evenly, rationally, and higher riding comfort is arranged; Also have handlingly preferably simultaneously, chassis frame height can be realized the adjusting of ground Clearance when regulating; Because lower cross arm is no longer as the suspension underlying point of hydro-pneumatic spring independent suspension, make the lower cross arm structure simpler, easy to process, reduced cost, alleviated the quality of whole suspension steering-drive bridge simultaneously, and had better wheel and promote performance.The key technical indexes of the present invention: the specified dynamic axle load of single bridge (the 80km/h speed of a motor vehicle) 12000kg, the specified quasistatic axle load of single bridge (the 5km/h speed of a motor vehicle): 35000kg; Wheel bounce amount: ± 150mm; Wheel hard-over: 38 °.
Summary of the invention
Technology of the present invention is dealt with problems and is: the deficiency that overcomes prior art; Provide a kind of load-carrying capacity strong; Have high maneuverability, high ride, high handling; And can realize the hydro-pneumatic spring independent suspension device of height adjustment and wheel enhanced feature, to adapt to the operating needs of superduty engineering machinery vehicles such as all terrain crane, oil field service machine under big load, complex road condition.
Technical solution of the present invention is: a kind of heavy-load type oil-gas spring independent suspension steering drive axle; Comprise central main gearbox assembly, Top Crossbeam, lower cross arm, wheel reduction gear assembly, two ball cage type constant velocity shaft, steering swivel seat, hydro-pneumatic spring and steering gear connection; Central authorities' main gearbox assembly is positioned at the center of steering drive axle and is fixedly connected on the vehicle frame; Top Crossbeam, lower cross arm, wheel reduction gear assembly, two ball cage type constant velocity shaft, steering swivel seat and hydro-pneumatic spring left and right symmetrically respectively are distributed in the two ends of central main gearbox assembly, and left and right sides structure is identical;
Central authorities' main gearbox assembly is connected with a terminal tool of Top Crossbeam, lower cross arm and two ball cage type constant velocity shafts respectively; The steering swivel seat respectively with the other end and the wheel reduction gear assembly mechanical connection of Top Crossbeam, lower cross arm, two ball cage type constant velocity shafts; Hydro-pneumatic spring inserts in the steering swivel seat along the line of the stub up and down direction of wheel reduction gear assembly, the other end of wheel reduction gear assembly and steering gear connection mechanical connection.
Described steering swivel seat horizontal direction is processed with steering swivel seat and Top Crossbeam interface and steering swivel seat and lower cross arm interface; The steering swivel seat is the through hole of parallel distribution with the Top Crossbeam interface with steering swivel seat lower cross arm interface, links to each other with lower cross arm with Top Crossbeam respectively through bearing pin; Steering swivel seat diagonal upward direction is processed with interface and steering swivel seat and steering swivel lower interface on two coaxial steering swivel seats and the steering swivel, and interface and steering swivel seat and steering swivel lower interface are through hole on steering swivel seat and the steering swivel, and the hole arm is provided with opening.
The present invention compared with prior art beneficial effect is:
(1) the present invention adopts the steering swivel seat; Stressed on the both direction of whole bridge all around all more become evenly, rationally, and higher riding comfort is arranged; Also have handlingly preferably simultaneously, chassis frame height can be realized the adjusting of ground Clearance when regulating;
(2) the upper and lower transverse arm of the present invention is respectively one-piece construction; Improved the rigidity of structure; Last lower cross arm two ends are connected with bevel housing with the steering swivel seat through bearing pin respectively; The reasonably optimizing of swing arm point of connection makes wheelspan variation when wheel is upper and lower to jump to the limit, wheel inclination angle variation minimum, has improved chassis road-holding property and stability;
(3) the present invention adopts two ball cage type constant velocity shafts, guaranteed wheel at balance position, go up significantly/descend to beat and the wide-angle rotation process in still can the constant speed stable rotation;
(4) the present invention adopts hydro-pneumatic spring, can improve ride comfort, traveling comfort and the roll rate of car load, and it heightens function automatically can make car load adapt to different job requirements;
(5) the present invention's central authorities' bevel housing and last lower cross arm are designed to integrated formed structure; Be fixed on the vehicle frame through housing again; Make that integral structure is simplified more, compactness, when saving space, expendable weight, improved the ground Clearance on the rigidity of structure and chassis greatly;
(6) the present invention passes through the optimization to the critical partss such as steering swivel of wheel reduction gear assembly; Realized the reasonable mounting arrangements of vapour-pressure type plate disc brake, ABS sensing speed device etc.; Expendable weight, make structure compact more; Guaranteed that employing large scale wide-section tyre corner reaches maximum required value, the application of plate disc brake, ABS sensing speed device has simultaneously guaranteed that car load has good brake efficiency and stability.
(7) hydro-pneumatic spring of the present invention is installed in steering swivel seat top and arranges along upper and lower stub line direction, makes structural arrangement compact more, realizes the requirement of the big corner of wheel, big jerk value more easily, makes simultaneously that whole bridge is stressed more to become rationally, satisfies big load demand.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is integral structure scheme drawing a of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the enlarged drawing of the left-hand component of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the enlarged drawing of the right-hand component of Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is integral structure scheme drawing b of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the enlarged drawing of the left-hand component of Fig. 4;
Fig. 6 is the enlarged drawing of the right-hand component of Fig. 4;
Fig. 7 is the present invention central authorities main gearbox assembly structural representation;
Fig. 8 is a Top Crossbeam structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is a lower cross arm structural representation of the present invention;
Figure 10 is a wheel reduction gear assembly structure scheme drawing of the present invention;
Figure 11 is the two ball cage type constant velocity shaft structural representations of the present invention;
Figure 12 is Figure 11 A place partial enlarged drawing;
Figure 13 is a steering swivel holder structure scheme drawing of the present invention;
Figure 14 is a hydro-pneumatic spring structural representation of the present invention;
Figure 15 is a slewing journal structure scheme drawing of the present invention;
Figure 16 is a upper press cover structural representation of the present invention;
Figure 17 is a lower cover structural representation of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is shown in Fig. 1～6; Comprise central main gearbox assembly 1, Top Crossbeam 2, lower cross arm 3, wheel reduction gear assembly 4, two ball cage type constant velocity shaft 5, steering swivel seat 6, hydro-pneumatic spring 8 and steering gear connection 9; Central authorities' main gearbox assembly 1 is positioned at the center of steering drive axle and is fixedly connected on the vehicle frame 7; Top Crossbeam 2, lower cross arm 3, wheel reduction gear assembly 4, two ball cage type constant velocity shaft 5, steering swivel seat 6 and hydro-pneumatic spring 8 left and right symmetrically respectively are distributed in the two ends of central main gearbox assembly 1, and left and right sides structure is identical.
Central authorities' main gearbox assembly 1 is as shown in Figure 7, comprises housing 11, differential gear 12 and input flange 13.Central authorities' main gearbox assembly 1 is arranged at drive axle central authorities, be installed on the vehicle frame 7 with bolt through the flat thread hole on the housing 11, differential gear 12 be connected in again on the housing 11 after input flange 13 is connected.
The left and right sides of housing 11 is equipped with central reducer unit assembly and two ball cage type constant velocity shaft interfaces 14, respectively with about an end of two ball cage type constant velocity shafts 5 be connected; The place, upside two summits of housing 11 is processed with two central reducer unit assemblies and Top Crossbeam interface 15, is connected with an end of left and right sides Top Crossbeam 2 respectively through bearing pin; The place, downside two summits of housing 11 is processed with two central reducer unit assemblies and lower cross arm interface 16, is connected with lower cross arm 3 respectively through bearing pin.Central authorities' main gearbox assembly 1 is designed to integrated formed structure with left and right sides Top Crossbeam 2 and lower cross arm 3, when saving space, expendable weight, has improved the rigidity of structure greatly.
Top Crossbeam 2 is as shown in Figure 8; It is the Y shape integral structure of an end yoke shape; Yoke end has two coaxial Top Crossbeams and steering swivel seated connection mouth 21; Be connected with steering swivel seat 6 through bearing pin, Top Crossbeam 2 other ends have Top Crossbeam and central main gearbox assembly interface 22, are connected with central main gearbox assembly 1 through bearing pin.
Wheel reduction gear assembly 4 is shown in figure 10; Comprise planetary gear construction 41, plate disc brake 42, abs sensor 43, upper press cover 44, lower cover 45, steering swivel 46, go up stub 47, following stub 48, thrust baring 49, wheel hub 50, gear ring assembly 51 and bolster 52; Last stub 47, stub 48 is installed in the upper and lower kingpin bore 461,462 of steering swivel 46 through interference fit down; Two thrust barings 49 are nested with respectively on last stub 47 and following stub 48 up and down; And be fixed and clamped on upper and lower kingpin bore 461,462 surfaces of steering swivel 46 by upper press cover 44 and lower cover 45 respectively; Upper press cover 44 is fixing with steering swivel seat 6 with steering swivel 46 through last stub 47 and following stub 48 with lower cover 45; Plate disc brake 42 is threaded with steering swivel 46 through bolt respectively with bolster 52; Wheel hub 50 fixedly mounts through the brake disc of bolt and plate disc brake 42, and is installed on the bolster 52 through a pair of tapered roller bearing 53 supportings, and sun and planet gear 41 is installed on the wheel hub 50 by tapered roller bearing 53 supportings through gear ring assembly 51.The wheel reduction gear assembly 4 of the left and right sides is arranged at respectively on the wheel of central main gearbox assembly 1 both sides.The planetary gear construction 41 of wheel reduction gear assembly 4 is connected with two ball cage type constant velocity shafts 5.
Steering swivel 46 is shown in figure 15, and both ends of the surface respectively are processed with 461,462, two upper and lower kingpin bores the 461, the 462nd of upper and lower kingpin bore up and down, and coaxial through hole is connected with steering swivel seat 6 through upper and lower stub 47,48.Steering swivel 46 is fixed with the track arm 94 usefulness Bolt Connection in the steering gear connection 9, and a whole set of leverage is realized the optimization of final structure through the ADAMS motion analysis.
Upper press cover 44 is shown in figure 16, is processed with two and hydro-pneumatic spring bonded assembly upper press cover and hydro-pneumatic spring interface on the upper surface.Lower cover 45 is shown in figure 17, and upper press cover 44 is fixing with steering swivel seat 6 with steering swivel 46 through last stub 47 and following stub 48 with lower cover 45.
Two ball cage type constant velocity shafts 5 are like Figure 11, shown in 12; One end is that spline 55, one ends are end face tooth flange 54, and two ball cage type constant velocity shafts 5 link to each other with the planetary gear construction 41 of wheel reduction gear assembly 4 through spline 55; Be used for transfer torque, rotate thereby drive left and right wheels.The other end links to each other with two ball cage type constant velocity shaft interfaces 14 with the central main gearbox assembly of central main gearbox assembly 1 through end face tooth flange 54.
Hydro-pneumatic spring 8 is shown in figure 14; Comprise outer cylinder assembly 81, outer cylinder journal stirrup 82, inner cylinder tube assembly 83 and inner cylinder tube journal stirrup 84; The employing formula of ganging up can be heightened hydro-pneumatic spring automatically; Hydro-pneumatic spring 8 inner cylinder tube journal stirrups 84 are installed on the upper press cover 44 along the line of the stub up and down direction of wheel reduction gear assembly 4, and it is fixing to be spirally connected through bolt, and outer cylinder journal stirrup 82 is screwed onto on the vehicle frame 7 through bolt.
Principle of work: engine output torque is behind a series of transmitting ratio of process; Input flange 13 through central main gearbox assembly 1 is two ball cage type constant velocity shafts 5 with the moment of torsion transmission and about being assigned to; About two ball cage type constant velocity shafts 5 moment of torsion is delivered to the planetary gear construction 41 of wheel reduction gear assembly 4 respectively; And then driving left and right sides wheel, powered vehicle is gone; The hydro-pneumatic spring 8 of the left and right sides is adjusted height voluntarily through hydraulic control unit separately, thereby satisfies jumping up and down and car load job requirements in height of left and right wheels.
The unspecified part of the present invention belongs to general knowledge as well known to those skilled in the art.
Claims (9)
1. heavy-load type oil-gas spring independent suspension steering drive axle; It is characterized in that comprising: comprise central main gearbox assembly (1), Top Crossbeam (2), lower cross arm (3), wheel reduction gear assembly (4), two ball cage type constant velocity shaft (5), steering swivel seat (6), hydro-pneumatic spring (8) and steering gear connection (9); Central authorities' main gearbox assemblies (1) are positioned at the center of steering drive axle and are fixedly connected on the vehicle frame (7); Top Crossbeam (2), lower cross arm (3), wheel reduction gear assembly (4), two ball cage type constant velocity shaft (5), steering swivel seat (6) and hydro-pneumatic spring (8) left and right symmetrically respectively are distributed in the two ends of central main gearbox assembly (1), and left and right sides structure is identical;
Central authorities' main gearbox assemblies (1) are connected with Top Crossbeam (2), lower cross arm (3) and a terminal tool of two ball cage type constant velocity shafts (5) respectively; Steering swivel seat (6) respectively with the other end and wheel reduction gear assembly (4) mechanical connection of Top Crossbeam (2), lower cross arm (3), two ball cage type constant velocity shaft (5); Hydro-pneumatic spring (8) is installed on the upper press cover (44) of wheel reduction gear assembly (4) along the line of the stub up and down direction of wheel reduction gear assembly (4), the other end of wheel reduction gear assembly (4) and steering gear connection (9) mechanical connection.
2. a kind of heavy-load type oil-gas spring independent suspension steering drive axle according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: described steering swivel seat (6) horizontal direction is processed with steering swivel seat and Top Crossbeam interface (63) and steering swivel seat and lower cross arm interface (64); The steering swivel seat is the through hole of parallel distribution with Top Crossbeam interface (63) with steering swivel seat lower cross arm interface (64), links to each other with lower cross arm (3) with Top Crossbeam (2) respectively through bearing pin; Steering swivel seat (6) diagonal upward direction is processed with interface (61) and steering swivel seat and steering swivel lower interface (62) on two coaxial steering swivel seats and the steering swivel; Interface on steering swivel seat and the steering swivel (61) and steering swivel seat and steering swivel lower interface (62) are through hole, and the hole arm is provided with opening.
3. a kind of heavy-load type oil-gas spring independent suspension steering drive axle according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: described lower cross arm (3) is the integral structure of two ends fork-shaped; One end has two coaxial lower cross arms and steering swivel seated connection mouth (31), and the other end has two coaxial lower cross arms and central main gearbox assembly interface (32).
4. a kind of heavy-load type oil-gas spring independent suspension steering drive axle according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: described wheel reduction gear assembly (4) comprises planetary gear construction (41), plate disc brake (42), abs sensor (43), upper press cover (44), lower cover (45), steering swivel (46), goes up stub (47), following stub (48), thrust baring (49), wheel hub (50), gear ring assembly (51) and bolster (52); Last stub (47), following stub (48) are installed in the upper and lower kingpin bore (461,462) of steering swivel (46) through interference fit; Two thrust barings (49) are nested with respectively on last stub (47) and following stub (48) up and down; And be fixed and clamped on upper and lower kingpin bore (461, the 462) surface of steering swivel (46) by upper press cover (44) and lower cover (45) respectively; Upper press cover (44) and lower cover (45) are fixing with steering swivel (46) and steering swivel seat (6) through last stub (47) and following stub (48); Plate disc brake (42) is threaded with steering swivel (46) through bolt respectively with bolster (52); Wheel hub (50) is through the brake disc fixed installation of bolt and plate disc brake (42); And be installed on the bolster (52) through a pair of tapered roller bearing (53) supporting, sun and planet gear (41) is supported by tapered roller bearing (53) through gear ring assembly (51) and is installed on the wheel hub (50).
5. a kind of heavy-load type oil-gas spring independent suspension steering drive axle according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: described Top Crossbeam (2) is the Y shape integral structure of an end yoke shape; Yoke end has two coaxial Top Crossbeams and steering swivel seated connection mouth (21), and the other end has Top Crossbeam and central main gearbox assembly interface (22).
6. a kind of heavy-load type oil-gas spring independent suspension steering drive axle according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: described pair of ball cage type constant velocity shaft (5) one ends are spline (55); One end is an end face tooth flange (54); Two ball cage type constant velocity shafts (5) link to each other with the planetary gear construction (41) of wheel reduction gear assembly (4) through spline (55), and the other end links to each other with central main gearbox assembly (1) through end face tooth flange (54).
7. a kind of heavy-load type oil-gas spring independent suspension steering drive axle according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: described steering gear connection (9) comprises limit pull bar (91), folding pull bar (92), intermediate rod (93) and track arm (94); Track arm (94) one ends are connected with steering swivel (46); The other end is connected with an end of limit pull bar (91), and the other end of limit pull bar (91) is connected with an end of folding pull bar (92), and the other end of folding pull bar (92) is connected with an end of intermediate rod (93); The connection structure symmetry at the two ends of intermediate rod (93) is identical; The limit pull bar (91) of right ends and folding pull bar (92) respectively constitute the trapezoidal of an opening, and two trapezoidal symmetrically, it is trapezoidal that the folding pull bar (92) of intermediate rod (93) and the left and right sides constitutes the opening on two pairs of tops.
8. a kind of heavy-load type oil-gas spring independent suspension steering drive axle according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: described central main gearbox assembly (1) comprises housing (11), differential gear (12) and input flange (13); Central authorities' main gearbox assemblies (1) are fixedly mounted on the vehicle frame (7) through housing (11); Differential gear (12) be connected in again on the housing (11) after input flange (13) is connected; The left and right sides of housing (11) is equipped with central main gearbox assembly and two ball cage type constant velocity shaft interfaces (14); The place, upside two summits of housing (11) is processed with two central reducer unit assemblies and Top Crossbeam interface (15), and place, downside two summits is processed with two central reducer unit assemblies and lower cross arm interface (16).
9. a kind of heavy-load type oil-gas spring independent suspension steering drive axle according to claim 8 is characterized in that: described differential gear (12) adopts forced locking formula satellite differential or jaw self-locking skidproof differential mechanism.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200910093733 CN101693438B (en) | 2009-09-28 | 2009-09-28 | Heavy-load type oil-gas spring independent suspension steering drive axle |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200910093733 CN101693438B (en) | 2009-09-28 | 2009-09-28 | Heavy-load type oil-gas spring independent suspension steering drive axle |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN101693438A CN101693438A (en) | 2010-04-14 |
| CN101693438B true CN101693438B (en) | 2012-05-23 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN 200910093733 Expired - Fee Related CN101693438B (en) | 2009-09-28 | 2009-09-28 | Heavy-load type oil-gas spring independent suspension steering drive axle |
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| CN111716958B (en) * | 2020-05-08 | 2023-05-05 | 山东省农业机械科学研究院 | Suspension steering drive axle, vehicle and control method thereof |
| CN112046223B (en) * | 2020-09-08 | 2022-03-22 | 一汽解放汽车有限公司 | Air spring connection structure and car |
| CN115891539A (en) * | 2022-11-17 | 2023-04-04 | 北京航天发射技术研究所 | Longitudinally-arranged oil-gas spring low-height independent suspension system and application |
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| CN101693438A (en) | 2010-04-14 |
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