CN102414589B - Coupled polarizing plate set and blue phase liquid crystal mode liquid crystal display including the same - Google Patents

Coupled polarizing plate set and blue phase liquid crystal mode liquid crystal display including the same Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102414589B
CN102414589B CN2010800196623A CN201080019662A CN102414589B CN 102414589 B CN102414589 B CN 102414589B CN 2010800196623 A CN2010800196623 A CN 2010800196623A CN 201080019662 A CN201080019662 A CN 201080019662A CN 102414589 B CN102414589 B CN 102414589B
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liquid crystal
polarizer
coupling
coupling polarizer
compensate film
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CN102414589A (en
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金奉春
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Dongwoo Fine Chem Co Ltd
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Dongwoo Fine Chem Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/30—Polarising elements
    • G02B5/3083—Birefringent or phase retarding elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/30—Polarising elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/30—Polarising elements
    • G02B5/3025—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state
    • G02B5/3033—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state in the form of a thin sheet or foil, e.g. Polaroid

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polarising Elements (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention discloses a coupled polarizing plate set comprising a first coupled polarizing plate and a second coupled polarizing plate where compensation films having specific optical properties are laminated and a liquid crystal display capable of be easily mass-producing the coupled polarizing plate while ensuring a wide viewing angle equal to or more than the known other liquid crystal mode by adopting the coupled polarizing plate set to a blue phase liquid crystal mode.

Description

Coupling Polarizer assembly and the blue phase liquid crystal mode LCD that comprises this assembly
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of liquid crystal display, it can guarantee wide visual angle by the Polarizer component application that will specifically be coupled in the blue phase liquid crystal pattern.
Background technology
Because the technical matters of initial development phase is substantially all solved, current, liquid crystal display (LCD) is widely used as popular image display.LCD comprises display panels and the backlight assembly of light is provided to display panels.
By to field, producing electrode application voltage, liquid crystal display produces electric field in liquid crystal layer, thus determine liquid crystal layer liquid crystal molecule orientation and show image by the polarisation of controlling incident light.
Because the state of orientation by liquid crystal layer determines the optical transmission rate, therefore need the rapid response speed of liquid crystal layer promptly to change state of orientation.
People have developed the liquid crystal display of using so-called blue phase liquid crystal, and blue phase liquid crystal is the mesomorphic state between nematic pattern and isotropy pattern formula.Blue phase liquid crystal has the approximately relatively very fast response speed of 3 microseconds, and this is because it has optical isotropy when not applying electric field, and it has optical anisotropy when applying electric field.
People have used coupling Polarizer assembly for in-plan switching liquid crystal display to guarantee the wide visual angle of blue phase liquid crystal display.This coupling Polarizer assembly comprises isotropy diaphragm and the two kinds of compensate films (at least one compensate film can have delay performance) with different optical character.Isotropy diaphragm and two kinds of compensate films are placed between blue phase liquid crystal and any one polaroid separately.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters
But when using the coupling Polarizer assembly that is used for in-plan switching liquid crystal display, because it must comprise two kinds of compensate films, therefore compare from the conventional liquid crystal display of using different liquid crystal modes, can't reduce the thickness of blue phase liquid crystal display, also can't be with low-cost production.And in uneven thickness due to the liquid crystal two sides, therefore probably bend due to the variation of temperature or humidity.
The invention provides a kind of Polarizer of the coupling for blue phase liquid crystal display assembly, it has simple structure and is easy to lower price large-scale production, and it can also provide the wide visual angle identical or better with the existing coupling Polarizer assembly coupling Polarizer assembly of in-plan switching liquid crystal display (particularly, for).
The present invention also provides the blue phase liquid crystal display that comprises coupling Polarizer assembly of the present invention.
Technical scheme
According to an aspect of the present invention, a kind of coupling Polarizer assembly is provided, it comprises: the first coupling Polarizer and the second coupling Polarizer, wherein the first coupling Polarizer and the second coupling Polarizer are according to each free compensate film of the order that approaches liquid crystal, polaroid and diaphragm form, the compensate film of the first coupling Polarizer have postpone (R0) and-6.0 to-0.1 in 50 to 150nm face refractive index ratio (refractive index ratio) (NZ), its slow axis is parallel with the absorption axes of adjacent polaroid, and the compensate film of the second coupling Polarizer has the thickness direction retardation (Rth) that postpones (R0) and 80 to 310nm in 0 to 10nm face.
According to a further aspect in the invention, provide a kind of blue phase liquid crystal display that comprises coupling Polarizer assembly, described coupling Polarizer assembly comprises as the first coupling Polarizer of the upper Polarizer of blue phase liquid crystal pattern and lower Polarizer and the second coupling Polarizer.
Beneficial effect
According to one embodiment of present invention, coupling Polarizer assembly for blue phase liquid crystal display has simple structure and is easy to lower price large-scale production, and can provide the wide visual angle identical or better with the existing coupling Polarizer assembly coupling Polarizer assembly of in-plan switching liquid crystal display (particularly, for).
According to another implementation of the invention, blue phase liquid crystal display has the wide visual angle identical or better with having in-plan switching liquid crystal display now.
The accompanying drawing explanation
By reference to the accompanying drawings, by detailed description hereinafter, will more clearly understand above-mentioned and other purpose, feature and other advantage of the present invention, in the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the skeleton view of example according to liquid crystal display device structure of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of example according to the refractive index of compensate film of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram that is presented at the MD in preparation process, the expansion direction (unrolled direction) for example according to compensate film of the present invention and Polarizer;
The schematic diagram that Fig. 4 is example expression of Φ and θ in coordinate system of the present invention;
The curve map of the wavelength dispersion feature in the long scope of the all-wave that Fig. 5 is the second compensate film of using in the first embodiment of the present invention of example;
The curve map of the wavelength dispersion feature in the long scope of the all-wave that Fig. 6 is the first compensate film of using in the first embodiment of the present invention of example;
Fig. 7 is for showing the analog result figure according to the transmittance from whole radiation directions of first embodiment of the invention;
The figure that Fig. 8 is the polarized condition variation that shows the light sent on the direction of the dip plane on Poincare polarization ball in first embodiment of the invention (θ=60 ° and Φ=45 °);
Fig. 9 when showing liquid crystal mode application of the present invention for the coupling Polarizer assembly of in-plan switching liquid crystal display from the analog result figure of the transmittance of whole radiation directions;
Figure 10 is for showing the analog result figure according to the transmittance from whole radiation directions of second embodiment of the invention;
The figure that Figure 11 is the polarized condition variation that shows the light sent on the direction of the dip plane on Poincare polarization ball in second embodiment of the invention (θ=60 ° and Φ=45 °);
Figure 12 is the analog result figure according to the transmittance from whole radiation directions of third embodiment of the invention;
The figure that Figure 13 is the polarized condition variation that shows the light sent on the direction of the dip plane on Poincare polarization ball in third embodiment of the invention (θ=60 ° and Φ=45 °);
Figure 14 is the analog result figure according to the transmittance from whole radiation directions of fourth embodiment of the invention;
The figure that Figure 15 is the polarized condition variation that shows the light sent on the direction of the dip plane on Poincare polarization ball in fourth embodiment of the invention (θ=60 ° and Φ=45 °);
Figure 16 is the analog result figure according to the transmittance from whole radiation directions of fifth embodiment of the invention;
The figure that Figure 17 is the polarized condition variation that shows the light sent on the direction of the dip plane on Poincare polarization ball in fifth embodiment of the invention (θ=60 ° and Φ=45 °);
Figure 18 is the analog result figure according to the transmittance from whole radiation directions of sixth embodiment of the invention;
Figure 19 is presented at the figure that the polarized condition of the light sent on the direction of the dip plane on Poincare polarization ball in sixth embodiment of the invention (θ=60 ° and Φ=45 °) changes;
The analog result figure that Figure 20 is the first comparative example's the transmittance from whole radiation directions according to the present invention;
The analog result figure that Figure 21 is the second comparative example's the transmittance from whole radiation directions according to the present invention;
The analog result figure that Figure 22 is the 3rd comparative example's the transmittance from whole radiation directions according to the present invention;
The analog result figure that Figure 23 is the 4th comparative example's the transmittance from whole radiation directions according to the present invention;
The analog result figure that Figure 24 is the 5th comparative example's the transmittance from whole radiation directions according to the present invention; And
The analog result figure that Figure 25 is the 6th comparative example's the transmittance from whole radiation directions according to the present invention.
Embodiment
The first coupling Polarizer of the compensate film with particular optical properties and the coupling Polarizer assembly of the second coupling Polarizer have been the present invention relates to comprise wherein stacked respectively.Particularly, the first coupling Polarizer of coupling Polarizer assembly and the second coupling Polarizer form according to each free compensate film of the order that approaches liquid crystal, polaroid and diaphragm.
The compensate film of the first coupling Polarizer has the refractive index ratio (NZ) that postpones (R0) and-6.0 to-0.1 in 50 to 150nm face, and the compensate film of the second coupling Polarizer has the thickness direction retardation (Rth) of delay (R0) in 0 to 10nm face and 80 to 310nm.Now, the compensate film of the first coupling Polarizer has the slow axis parallel with the absorption axes of adjacent polaroid.
For all wavelengths in visible region, the optical property of compensate film of the present invention is defined by 1～3 of following formula.
If the wavelength of light source does not have special declaration, what describe is the optical property at 589nm place.Wherein, in Fig. 2, Nx is for having in face the refractive index of the axle of the largest refractive index of the light of vibration (oscillate) on direction, Ny is the refractive index of the light that vibrates on the direction vertical with Nx on direction in face, and the Nz refractive index that is the light that vibrates on thickness direction, it is expressed as follows:
[formula 1]
Rth＝[(Nx+Ny)/2-Nz]×d
(wherein, Nx and Ny are the refractive indexes of the light that vibrates on direction in face, and Nx >=Ny, and Nz is the refractive index of the light that vibrates on the thickness direction of film, and the d thickness that is film).
[formula 2]
R0＝(Nx-Ny)×d
(wherein, the refractive index that Nx and Ny are the light that vibrates on direction in face, and the d thickness that is film, and Nx >=Ny).
[formula 3]
NZ＝(Nx-Nz)/(Nx-Ny)＝Rth/R0+0.5
(wherein, Nx and Ny are the refractive indexes of the light that vibrates on direction in face, and Nx >=Ny, and Nz is the refractive index of the light that vibrates on the thickness direction of film, and the d thickness that is film).
Rth is thickness direction retardation, its mean with face on thickness direction in the phase differential of mean refractive index, and it is not actual phase differential, but reference value, R0 postpones in face, its phase differential that is reality when (vertical direction) sees through film on orthogonal directions when light.
In addition, NZ is refractive index ratio, according to it, can tell the type of the plate of compensate film.The type of the plate of compensate film is called: be the A-plate while having the optical axis without phase differential on direction in the face at film, be the C-plate while on the direction vertical with plate, having optical axis, and be biaxial plates when two optical axises of existence.
Particularly, for NZ=1, refractive index meets Nx>Ny=Nz, is called positive A-plate; For 1<NZ, refractive index meets Nx>Ny>Nz, is called negative twin shaft A-plate; For 0<NZ<1, refractive index has the relation of Nx>Nz>Ny, is called Z-axle alignment films; For NZ=0, refractive index has the relation of Nx=Nz>Ny, is called negative A-plate; For NZ<0, refractive index has the relation of Nz>Nx>Ny, is called positive twin shaft A-plate; For NZ=∞, refractive index has the relation of Nx=Ny>Nz, is called negative C-plate; During for NZ=-∞, refractive index has the relation of Nz>Nx=Ny, is called positive C-plate.
Yet, according to theoretical definition, be difficult to ideally prepare A-plate and C-plate in the method for real world.Therefore, in general method, the predetermined value in the scope postponed in the approximate range of the refractive index ratio by setting the A-plate and the face of C-plate is distinguished A-plate and C-plate.Set predetermined value and have limitation when being applied to all other materials that there is different refractive indexes according to stretching.Therefore, the compensate film that upper and lower Polarizer of the present invention comprises is by expressions such as the NZ with digital, R0 and Rth, its optical property that is plate, rather than according to the isotropy of refractive index.
These compensate films have phase differential by stretching, and the film wherein increased in the draw direction refractive index has just (+) refractive index performance, and the film reduced in the draw direction refractive index has negative (-) refractive index performance.There is a kind of the making that the compensate film of (+) refractive index performance just can be in being selected from TAC (triacetyl cellulose), COP (cyclic olefin polymer), COC (cyclic olefine copolymer), PET (polyethylene terephthalate), PP (polypropylene), PC (polycarbonate), PSF (polysulfones) and PMMA (polymethylmethacrylate), and particularly, the compensate film with negative (-) refractive index can be made by modification PS (polystyrene) or modification PC (polycarbonate).
In addition, the drawing process of giving the compensate film optical property is divided into stiff end stretching and free end stretching, wherein, described stiff end is stretched as in the drawing process of film fixing length except draw direction, and free end is stretched as in the drawing process of film also will on other direction, provides degree of freedom except draw direction.Generally speaking, in drawing process, film shrinks on other directions except draw direction, but Z-axle alignment films needs special shrink process rather than stretch processing.
Fig. 3 has shown the direction of the former film (raw film) of reeling, and wherein, the expansion direction of coiling film is called MD (machine direction), and is called TD (laterally) perpendicular to the direction of MD.In addition, in this process, the stretching of film on MD is called free end and stretches, and the stretching on TD is called the stiff end stretching.
Sum up the type of NZ and plate according to drawing process (when only applying first method), by free end, stretch and there is the just film of (+) refractive index performance and can prepare positive A-plate; Can prepare negative twin shaft A-plate by the stiff end film with just (+) refraction performance that stretches; By free end, stretch, then stiff end shrinks the film with (+) refraction performance just or negative (-) refraction performance and can prepare Z-axle alignment films; Can prepare negative A-plate by the free end film with negative (-) refraction performance that stretches; And by stiff end stretch have negative (-) refraction performance film can prepare positive twin shaft A-plate.
Except said method, can control direction, phase differential and the NZ value of slow axis by applying other method, and described other method is not particularly limited for one of common many methods that adopt within comprising the field of the invention.
Coupling Polarizer assembly according to the present invention comprises the first coupling Polarizer and the second coupling Polarizer, and its each free compensate film, polaroid and diaphragm form.
The compensate film of described the first coupling Polarizer has the interior refractive index ratio (NZ) that postpones (R0) and-6.0～-0.1 of face of 50～150nm.Postpone the minimizing of the absolute value of the increase of (R0) and refractive index ratio (NZ) in above-mentioned scope in along with face, the dispersion characteristics of polarization state are tending towards descending.Therefore, can guarantee more excellent wide visual angle.Can suitably select in face to postpone (R0) according to refractive index ratio (NZ).
If refractive index ratio (NZ) is less than-6.0, the dispersion characteristics that mean polarization state difference will become excessive, compensated reference wavelength although make, but other wavelength is normally compensation, and polarization state difference depends on through having the preferably liquid crystal display of view effect (described liquid crystal display is to consist of the first compensate film, liquid crystal cell and the second a compensate film) wavelength afterwards.Therefore, be difficult to realize effect of the present invention.If refractive index ratio (NZ) is greater than-0.1, the slow-axis direction of compensate film and MD (machine direction) will be different.Therefore, be difficult to be applied in roll-to-roll method (roll-to-roll process).
Although in simulation, the length of delay that postpones (R0) face to face be 40nm to 50nm when following phase shift films can show required effect, but the minimum delay value that postpones (R0) in the face of the compensate film of the first coupling Polarizer should be 50nm, to produce the phase shift films with constant or uniform length of delay (desired value ± 5nm) and constant or uniform delay-angle (desired value ± 0.5 °) in actual process.
Preferably, postponing (R0) in face is between 80～150nm, and refractive index ratio (NZ) be between-2.0～-0.1, and this is due to less at above-mentioned scope internal dispersion degree and so may produce in enormous quantities.Can consider that owing to postponing (R0) in face refractive index ratio (NZ) determines, at the refractive index ratio (NZ) of the compensate film of the first coupling Polarizer, be between-2.0 to-0.1 the time, postponing (R0) in the face of the compensate film of the first coupling Polarizer is between 80 to 150nm.Also should consider the optical property of the compensate film of the second coupling Polarizer.
Because the TD uniaxial tension in above-mentioned scope in actual process is easy especially, more preferably, to postpone (R0) in face be between 100 to 150nm and refractive index ratio (NZ) between-1.0 to-0.1.If possible carry out the TD uniaxial tension, can reduce manufacturing cost.Can consider that owing to postponing (R0) in face refractive index ratio (NZ) determines, at the refractive index ratio (NZ) of the compensate film of the first coupling Polarizer, be between-1.0 to-0.1 the time, postponing (R0) in the face of the compensate film of the first coupling Polarizer is between 100 to 150nm.Also should consider the optical property of the compensate film of the second coupling Polarizer.
The slow axis of the compensate film of the first coupling Polarizer is parallel to the absorption axes of contiguous polaroid (polaroid of the first coupling Polarizer).
The compensate film of the second coupling Polarizer has the thickness direction retardation (Rth) that postpones (R0) and 80 to 310nm in 0 to 10nm face.In order to ensure the wide visual angle of blue phase liquid crystal display, consider the optical property of the compensate film of the first coupling Polarizer.
Preferably, while considering the preferable range of optical property of compensate film of the first coupling Polarizer and the industrial advantage that produced by this preferable range, postponing (R0) in the face of the compensate film of the second coupling Polarizer is between 0 to 5nm and the thickness direction retardation (Rth) of the compensate film of the second coupling Polarizer is between 80 to 200nm.
More preferably, postponing (R0) in the face of the compensate film of the second coupling Polarizer is between 0 to 3nm, and the thickness direction retardation (Rth) of the compensate film of the second coupling Polarizer is between 80 to 140nm.Similar with the compensate film of the first coupling Polarizer, these scopes are also that the simple and easy degree by considering optical property and manufacturing process limits.Can easily the tape casting or complete biaxial stretch-formed method be applied in this manufacturing process.
Because the compensate film of the second coupling Polarizer does not have its slow axis, the orientation independent of the setting of this compensate film and the absorption axes of particularly contiguous polaroid (polaroid of the second coupling Polarizer).
Compensate film of the present invention can have the wavelength dispersion feature (normal wavelength dispersive characteristic) of normality or contrary wavelength dispersion feature (inverse wavelength dispersive characteristic).Generally speaking, compensate film has different phase differential according to the incident light wavelength.When the short wavelength, phase differential is large, and phase differential is little when the long wavelength, and the compensate film with these performances is called the compensate film of the wavelength dispersion feature with normality.In addition, there is little phase differential when the short wavelength and the film that has large phase differential during the long wavelength is called the compensate film with contrary wavelength dispersion feature.
In the present invention, as usually used in the art, the dispersion characteristic of described compensate film is expressed as the ratio of phase differential of the light source of the phase differential of light source of 380nm and 780nm.As a reference, in can realizing the compensate film of the antipodal wavelength dispersion feature of having of identical polarization state to all wavelength, [R0 (380nm)/R0 (780nm)]=0.4872.
Each polaroid of the first and second coupling Polarizers can have by the polarization function layer (polarizing functional layer) stretched and prepared by dyeing PVA (polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)).Described polaroid has respectively diaphragm in the more distally of distance liquid crystal cell.Can prepare by method commonly used in this area the first and second coupling Polarizers, particularly, can use roll-to-roll method and sheet to sheet (sheet-to-sheet) method.Consider productive rate and efficiency in preparation process, preferably use roll-to-roll method, and especially, it is effectively, because the direction of the absorption axes of PVA polaroid always is fixed on MD.
The diaphragm of described the first and second coupling Polarizers can be normally used material in the art.For diaphragm, preferably there is the least possible optical property that affects visual angle.Can be for being selected from a kind of in TAC (tri acetyl cellulose), COP (cyclic olefin polymer), COC (cyclic olefine copolymer), PET (polyethylene terephthalate), PP (polypropylene), PC (polycarbonate), PSF (polysulfones) and PMMA (polymethylmethacrylate) for the protection of the material of film.
In addition, the present invention relates to a kind of liquid crystal display that comprises blue-phase liquid crystal panel and coupling Polarizer assembly, described coupling Polarizer assembly comprises respectively the first coupling Polarizer and the second coupling Polarizer as upper and lower Polarizer.In liquid crystal display, can be set to Polarizer by described the first coupling Polarizer, and can be set to lower Polarizer by the second coupling Polarizer, or can be set to Polarizer by the second coupling Polarizer, and can be set to lower Polarizer by the first coupling Polarizer.The absorption axes of the polaroid of described the first coupling Polarizer is perpendicular to the absorption axes of the polaroid of the second coupling Polarizer.
When not applying electric field, described blue phase liquid crystal has the optical isotropy feature; When applying electric field, it has the optical anisotropy feature.Described Formation of liquid crystals cylindrical array (cylindrical array), wherein molecule is twisted and with the 3D eccentric pattern.This orientation texture is called two posts (double twist cylinder) (hereinafter, being called ' DTC ') of turning round.Described blue phase liquid crystal can further be reversed to the central shaft of DTC.That is to say, described blue phase liquid crystal is arranged with following twisting states: in DTC, two torsion shafts vertically have directivity (directionality) with the central shaft based on DTC mutually in DTC.
Described blue phase liquid crystal comprises the first blue phase, the second mutually blue and the 3rd blue phase.Described arrangement architecture depends on the type of the blue phase in DTC.The first indigo plant mutually in, DTC is aligned to body-centered cubic structure (its for a kind of crystalline network), and the second indigo plant mutually in, DTC is aligned to the simple cubic structure.Due at Lan Xiangzhong, described DTC is aligned to crystalline network, so 3 crossing positions of adjacent DTC, disclinations (disclination) occur.Described disclination is that liquid crystal does not have the part of regular directivity ground irregular alignment and forms the disclination line.
The anisotropic refraction rate of described blue phase liquid crystal according to the voltage strength applied and with square the changing pro rata of the voltage applied.When to isotropic polarisation material, applying electric field, wherein refractive index with execute the alive square of optical effect changed pro rata and be called Kerr effect (Kerr effect).Because liquid crystal display shows image by the Kerr effect of using blue phase liquid crystal, so improved the speed of response.
In addition, in the refractive index of each area measure blue phase liquid crystal that forms electric field.When forming electric field consistently and form zone, described liquid crystal display has uniform brightness (luminance), and is not subject to the inhomogeneity impact of cel-gap (cell gap), thereby has improved the display performance of liquid crystal display.
In the liquid crystal display configured, meet the compensation relationship below 0.05% of black mode from the maximum transmission rate of all radiation directions, preferably the compensation relationship below 0.02% under optical condition of the present invention.The highest front luminance of the liquid crystal display prepared by use vertical orientated (VA) pattern at present is shown as about 10000 nits (nit).Briliancy at the visual angle at the oblique angles of 60 ° is approximately 10000 nits * cos60 °, and 0.05% the brightness that is equivalent to this briliancy (brightness) is 2.5 nits.Therefore, the present invention will realize that the transmittance of all radiation directions is equal to or greater than the transmittance of the liquid crystal display that adopts the VA pattern.
Fig. 1, for the skeleton view of diagram for the basic structure according to blue phase liquid crystal liquid crystal display of the present invention, below will be described.
In this blue phase liquid crystal liquid crystal display, from backlight unit 40, stack gradually the second diaphragm 13, the second polaroid 11, the second compensate film 14, blue phase liquid crystal box 30, the first compensate film 24, the first polaroid 21 and the first diaphragm 23.When the observer's direction from display is observed, the absorption axes 12 of the first polaroid 21 and the second polaroid 11 is mutually vertical with 22, and the slow axis of the first compensate film is parallel to the absorption axes of the first polaroid.In Fig. 1 (a), the first coupling Polarizer is arranged on to the top of this coupling Polarizer assembly as upper Polarizer, and the slow axis 25 of the first compensate film 24 is parallel to the absorption axes 22 of the first polaroid 21, and in Fig. 1 (b), the bottom that the first coupling Polarizer is arranged on to this coupling Polarizer assembly is as lower Polarizer, and the slow axis 25 of the first compensate film 24 is parallel to the absorption axes 22 of the first polaroid 21.
It is standby that described the first coupling Polarizer 20 and the second coupling Polarizer 10 can be conducive to the roll-to-roll legal system of large-scale production by employing.Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram that is shown in the MD in roll-to-roll preparation method.With reference to Fig. 3, the structure of Fig. 1 (a) below will be described.
Described the first coupling Polarizer 20 and the second coupling Polarizer 10 are by making multiple blooming in conjunction with preparing, and blooming exists with web-like (roll state) separately before adhering to the coupling Polarizer.The direction that film is launched or is wound on roller from roller is called machine direction (MD).In the situation that the second coupling Polarizer 10; the direction of the second diaphragm 13 and the second compensate film 14 is for not impact of optical property; roll-to-roll preparation method is feasible; and in the situation that the first coupling Polarizer 20; only have when 24 MD of the first polaroid 21 and the first compensate film is consistent with each other; roll-to-roll preparation method is only possible, and with the orientation independent of the first diaphragm 23.
In addition, when the absorption axes 12 of the second polaroid 11 near backlight unit is vertical direction, through the light polarizing in the horizontal direction of the second coupling Polarizer 10.In this case, when light, when having applied the liquid crystal cell that makes its panel voltage that becomes bright mode, light is vertical direction through being positioned at the first coupling Polarizer 20 with horizontal absorption axes that shows side.Now, also can see the light sent from liquid crystal display the people who has on the polarized sunglasses (absorption axes of polarized sunglasses is horizontal direction) with horizontal absorption axes who shows side.If the absorption axes 12 of the second polaroid 11 of close backlight unit is horizontal direction, the people who has on polarized sunglasses can not see image.In addition, in the situation that large-sized liquid crystal display, wide due to people's main range of observation (primary viewing range) in the horizontal direction than on vertical direction, so in order in the demonstration side, to watch better image, except the liquid crystal display of specific use (for example, advertisement liquid crystal display etc.), common liquid crystal display is prepared into the form of 4: 3 or 16: 9.Therefore, when the observer from display watches, the absorption axes of the second polaroid is vertical direction, and the absorption axes of the first polaroid is horizontal direction.
Can viewing angle compensation effect of the present invention be described by Poincare polarization ball.Because Poincare polarization ball is the very useful instrument of the variation for being illustrated in polarization state under predetermined angular, when the light sent in predetermined angle of view passes the optical element in the liquid crystal display by using polarisation effect demonstration image, Poincare polarization ball can be for meaning the variation of polarization state.In the present invention, the direction of the θ that predetermined visual angle is the semicircle coordinate system (hemicircular coordinate system) that is shown in Fig. 4=60 ° and Φ=45 °, and the variation of the polarization state of the light sent from this direction will be described based on 550nm (people feels the brightest wavelength).Particularly, it shows when when the surface of Φ direction, with the θ angle, in frontal plane, the axle around Φ+90 ° rotates to observer's direction, the variation of the polarization state of light on Poincare polarization ball out from front direction.When the coordinate of S3 axle on Poincare polarization ball during for just (+), right-hand circular polarization has appearred, wherein, when a certain polarization horizontal component is Ex and polarization orthogonal component while being Ey, right-hand circular polarization means: the Ex component is greater than 0 and be less than half of wavelength with respect to the light phase delay of Ey component.
Hereinafter, in above-mentioned structure, be described in the effect that realizes black state while not applying voltage at all visual angles by embodiment and comparative example.Although can be easier to understand the present invention by the following examples, the following examples are only to provide as example of the present invention, and non-limiting by the desired protection scope of the present invention of claims.
Embodiment
By using TECH WIZ LCD 1D (Sanayi System company limited, Korea S) to simulate the effect at wider visual angle, this instrument, be following the first to the 6th embodiment and the first to the 6th comparative example's LCD simulation system.
The first embodiment
Will be according to the TECH WIZ LCD 1D (Sanayi System company limited, Korea S) of actual measurement data for thering is the stepped construction shown in Fig. 1 (a) of each blooming of the present invention, liquid crystal cell and backlight.Below will describe the structure of Fig. 1 (a) in detail.
From backlight unit 40; the second diaphragm 13, the second polaroid 11, the second compensate film 14, blue phase liquid crystal box 30, the first compensate film 24, the first polaroid 21 and the first diaphragm 23 are set; wherein; when looking from the demonstration side; in vertical direction, and the absorption axes 22 of described the first polaroid 21 in the horizontal direction for the absorption axes 12 of described the second polaroid 11.Therefore, the first and second polaroids 21 and 11 absorption axes 12 and 22 are perpendicular to one another, and the absorption axes 22 of the slow axis 25 of the first compensate film 24 and the first polaroid 21 is parallel to each other.
When to liquid crystal cell, not applying electric field, the refractive index of liquid crystal cell is isotropic, and, when to liquid crystal cell, applying electric field, the refractive index applied on direction at electric field increases.As the sample products of liquid crystal mode, used blue phase liquid crystal (Samsung company limited, SID 2008).When adopting liquid crystal, do not need initial liquid crystal aligning, therefore simplified the manufacture craft of liquid crystal cell.
Simultaneously, each blooming and the backlight unit for the first embodiment has following optical property.
At first, by the PVA stretched with iodine staining, make the first and second polaroids 11 and 21 there is polarization function, and the polarization property of described polaroid for having brightness degree of polarization (luminance degree of polarization) and the brightness group transmittance more than 41% (luminance group transmittance) more than 99.9% in 370 to 780nm visible-range.Brightness degree of polarization and brightness group transmittance are defined by 4 to 8 of following formula, when the transmittance of the light transmission shaft according to wavelength is TD (λ), according to the transmittance of the absorption axes of wavelength, be MD (λ), and the luminance compensation value defined in JIS Z 8701:1999 (luminance compensation value) is
Figure BPA00001454635500121
Wherein, S (λ) is light source light spectrum, and light source is the C-light source.
[formula 4]
T TD = K &Integral; 380 780 S ( &lambda; ) y &OverBar; ( &lambda; ) TD ( &lambda; ) d&lambda;
[formula 5]
T MD = K &Integral; 380 780 S ( &lambda; ) y &OverBar; ( &lambda; ) MD ( &lambda; ) d&lambda;
[formula 6]
K = 100 &Integral; 380 780 S ( &lambda; ) y &OverBar; ( &lambda; ) d&lambda;
[formula 7]
Figure BPA00001454635500125
[formula 8]
Figure BPA00001454635500126
Use under the wavelength of 589.3nm, have the thickness direction retardation (Rth) that postpones (R0) and 90nm in the face of 2.0nm the second coupling Polarizer the second compensate film 14 and there is delay (R0) in the face of 140nm and the first the first compensate film 24 that is coupled Polarizer of-0.11 refractive index ratio (NZ).
Shown the wavelength dispersion feature for the gamut wavelength of the second compensate film 14 in Fig. 5, and in face, the interior ratio that postpones (wavelength 780nm)=[R0 (380nm)/R0 (780nm)] of delay (wavelength 380nm)/face is 0.862.Shown the wavelength dispersion feature for the gamut wavelength of the first compensate film 24 in Fig. 6, and in face, the interior ratio that postpones (wavelength 780nm)=[R0 (380nm)/R0 (780nm)] of delay (wavelength 380nm)/face is 1.197.
The first and second diaphragms 23 and 13 are all used for the incident light of 589.3nm has the TAC (triacetyl cellulose) of optical property of thickness direction retardation (Rth) of 50nm to protect the first and second polaroids.To be assemblied in the actual measurement spectroscopic data of backlight of liquid crystal TV PAVV (LTA460HR0) type (Samsung company limited) of 46 inches for backlight unit.
After stacked optics as shown in Fig. 1 (a), by the result shown in simulation acquisition Fig. 7 of the transmittance to all radiation directions.Fig. 8 is presented under reference viewing angle (θ=60 ° and Φ=45 °) change at 550nm wavelength place polarization state.Polarization state on Poincare polarization ball when the second polaroid 11 is by 1 expression, and the polarization state during by the second compensate film 14 and the polarization state during by liquid crystal cell be by 2 expressions, and the polarization state during by the first compensate film 24 is by 3 expressions.
Fig. 7 shows the distribution of the transmittance of all radiation directions when on screen, showing black state, wherein, and in the scope of scale, when showing black state, transmittance is 0%～0.05%, and the part that surpasses 0.05% transmittance means with red color, and the low-transmittance part means with blue color.In this case, can find out that the blue portion at ，Zai center is wider, by the wider visual angle of indication, more easily guarantee wider visual angle.
Therefore, can find out, Fig. 7 has shown the viewing angle compensation effect, this viewing angle compensation effect will be for in-plan switching liquid crystal display (I Plus Pol configuration than working as, Tongwoo Fine Chemicals Co., Ltd. (DONGWOO FINE-CHEM), Korea S) Polarizer is presented at the viewing angle compensation better effects if of Fig. 9 of the transmittance on all radiation directions during for liquid crystal mode of the present invention.
The second embodiment
Although the same with the configuration in the first embodiment, in the second compensate film 14 by adopting the thickness direction retardation (Rth) that postpones (R0) and 300nm in the face have 2.0nm under the 589.3nm wavelength and the face with 55nm, the first compensate film 24 of delay (R0) and-5.9 refractive index ratio (NZ) is for the preparation of the liquid crystal display of blue phase liquid crystal.
Figure 10 shows that the transmittance from all radiation directions distributes when on screen, showing black state, wherein, and in the scope of scale, when showing black state, transmittance is 0%～0.05%, and the part that surpasses 0.05% transmittance shows with red color, and the low-transmittance part means with blue color.In this case, can find out that the blue portion at ，Zai center is wider, by the wider visual angle of indication, more easily guarantee wider visual angle.
Therefore, can find out, Figure 10 has shown the viewing angle compensation effect, this viewing angle compensation effect with when will be for in-plan switching liquid crystal display (I Plus Pol configuration, Tongwoo Fine Chemicals Co., Ltd., Korea S) the viewing angle compensation effect of Fig. 9 that Polarizer is presented at the transmittance on all radiation directions during for liquid crystal mode of the present invention is identical.
Figure 11 has shown that on Poincare polarization ball the optical compensation principle of the second embodiment and Fig. 8 have shown the optical compensation principle of the first embodiment on Poincare polarization ball.As can be seen from the figure, there are countless compensable paths between two paths on Poincare polarization ball, and optical property can not only be improved by the first and second compensate films 14 and 24, but the optical property of the best of the first compensate film 24 is according to the optical property of the second compensate film 14 and definite.
The 3rd embodiment
Although the same with the configuration in the first embodiment; but as shown in Fig. 1 (b); from backlight unit 40, the first diaphragm 23, the first polaroid 21, the first compensate film 24, blue phase liquid crystal box 30, the second compensate film 14, the second polaroid 11 and the second diaphragm 13 are set.When watching from the demonstration side, the absorption axes 22 of the first polaroid 21 is vertical direction, and, when watching from the demonstration side, the absorption axes 12 of the second polaroid 11 is horizontal directions.Therefore, the first and second polaroids 21 are vertical each other with 12 with 11 absorption axes 22, and the absorption axes 22 of the slow axis 25 of the first compensate film 24 and the first polaroid 21 is parallel each other.
The optical property produced according to the difference of the interior refractive index on each film direction, used the second compensate film 14 of the thickness direction retardation (Rth) that postpones (R0) and 90nm in the face that has 2.0nm under the 589.3nm wavelength and have delay (R0) in the face of 140nm and the first compensate film 24 of-0.11 refractive index ratio (NZ).
For the wavelength dispersion feature of the gamut wavelength of the second compensate film 14 as shown in Figure 5, and the ratio that postpones to postpone in (wavelength 380nm)/face (wavelength 780nm)=[R0 (380nm)/R0 (780nm)] in face be 0.862.For the wavelength dispersion feature of the gamut wavelength of the first compensate film 24 as shown in Figure 6, and the ratio that postpones to postpone in (wavelength 380nm)/face (wavelength 780nm)=[R0 (380nm)/R0 (780nm)] in face be 1.197.
After stacked optics as shown in Fig. 1 (b), by the transmittance to all radiation directions, simulated, obtain the result shown in Figure 12.Under reference viewing angle (θ=60 ° and Φ=45 °), at 550nm wavelength place, the change of polarization state as shown in figure 13.Polarization state on Poincare polarization ball when the first polaroid 21 is by 1 expression, and the polarization state during by the first compensate film 24 and the polarization state during by liquid crystal cell be by 2 expressions, and the polarization state during by the second compensate film 14 is by 3 expressions.
Figure 12 shows the distribution of the transmittance of all radiation directions when on screen, showing black state, wherein, and in the scope of scale, when showing black state, transmittance is 0%～0.05%, and the part that surpasses 0.05% transmittance means with red color, and the low-transmittance part means with blue color.In this case, can find out that the blue portion at ，Zai center is wider, by the wider visual angle of indication, more easily guarantee wider visual angle.
Therefore, can find out, Figure 12 has shown the viewing angle compensation effect, this viewing angle compensation effect will be for in-plan switching liquid crystal display (I Plus Pol configuration than working as, Tongwoo Fine Chemicals Co., Ltd., Korea S) Polarizer is presented at the viewing angle compensation better effects if of Fig. 9 of the transmittance on all radiation directions during for liquid crystal mode of the present invention.
The 4th embodiment
Although the assembly of Fig. 1 (b) is stacked in the mode identical with the 3rd embodiment, in the second compensate film 14 by adopting the thickness direction retardation (Rth) that postpones (R0) and 300nm in the face have 2.0nm under the 589.3nm wavelength and the face with 55nm, the first compensate film 24 of delay (R0) and-5.9 refractive index ratio (NZ) prepares the blue phase liquid crystal liquid crystal display.
Figure 14 shows the distribution of the transmittance of all radiation directions when on screen, showing black state.Can find out in this figure, can guarantee wide visual angle.The polarization state that it is 550nm that Figure 15 demonstrates at the upper wavelength of reference viewing angle of the present invention (θ=60 ° and Φ=45 °) changes.
The 5th embodiment
Although the same with the configuration in the first embodiment, in the second compensate film 14 by adopting the thickness direction retardation (Rth) that postpones (R0) and 141nm in the face have 2.0nm under the 589.3nm wavelength and the face with 99nm, the first compensate film 24 of delay (R0) and-1.0 refractive index ratio (NZ) is for the preparation of the liquid crystal display of blue phase liquid crystal.
Show in Figure 16 that this is configured in the transmittance of all radiation directions.Figure 17 is presented at the polarization state that the upper wavelength of reference viewing angle of the present invention (θ=60 ° and Φ=45 °) is 550nm to be changed.
The 6th embodiment
Although the same with the configuration in the first embodiment, in the second compensate film 14 by adopting the thickness direction retardation (Rth) that postpones (R0) and 110nm in the face have 2nm under the 589.3nm wavelength and the face with 110nm, the first compensate film 24 of delay (R0) and-0.5 refractive index ratio (NZ) is for the preparation of the liquid crystal display of blue phase liquid crystal.
Show in Figure 18 that this is configured in the transmittance of all radiation directions.Figure 19 is presented at the polarization state that the upper wavelength of reference viewing angle of the present invention (θ=60 ° and Φ=45 °) is 550nm to be changed.
The first comparative example
Although the same with the configuration in the first embodiment, the second compensate film 14 and the first compensate film 24 that have general TAC optical property (postponing (R0) in face is that 2nm and thickness direction retardation (Rth) are 52nm) by employing prepare the blue phase liquid crystal liquid crystal display.
The transmittance analog result of all radiation directions of this liquid crystal display is showed in Figure 20.Be illustrated in fig. 20 shown below, can find out, because the transmittance on black state medium dip surface is high, so visual angle is narrow.
The second comparative example
Although the same with the configuration in the first embodiment, the first and second compensate films 14 and 24 (postponing (R0) in face is that 1nm and thickness direction retardation (Rth) are 2nm) that have the 0-TAC used by employing in in-plan switching liquid crystal display at a low price prepare the blue phase liquid crystal liquid crystal display.
The transmittance analog result of all radiation directions of this liquid crystal display is showed in Figure 21.Be illustrated in fig. 21 shown below, can find out, because the transmittance on black state medium dip surface is high, so visual angle is narrow.
The 3rd comparative example
Although the same with the configuration in the first embodiment, by the slow axis 25 by the first compensate film 24, be arranged to be perpendicular to one another to prepare blue phase liquid crystal display with the absorption axes 22 of the first polaroid 21.
The transmittance analog result of all radiation directions of this liquid crystal display is showed in Figure 22.Be illustrated in fig. 22 shown below, can find out, because the transmittance on black state medium dip surface is high, so visual angle is narrow.
The 4th comparative example
Although the same with the configuration in the first embodiment, in the second compensate film 14 by using the thickness direction retardation (Rth) that postpones (R0) and 50nm in the face have 2nm under wavelength 589.3nm and the face with 55nm, the first compensate film 24 of delay (R0) and-2.1 refractive index ratio (NZ) prepares the blue phase liquid crystal liquid crystal display.
The transmittance analog result of all radiation directions of this liquid crystal display is showed in Figure 23.Be illustrated in fig. 23 shown below, can find out, because the transmittance on black state medium dip surface is high, so visual angle is narrow.
The 5th comparative example
Although the same with the configuration in the first embodiment, in the second compensate film 14 by using the thickness direction retardation (Rth) that postpones (R0) and 50nm in the face have 2nm under wavelength 589.3nm and the face with 55nm, the first compensate film 24 of delay (R0) and-8 refractive index ratio (NZ) prepares the blue phase liquid crystal liquid crystal display.
The transmittance analog result of all light directions of this liquid crystal display is showed in Figure 24.Be illustrated in fig. 24 shown below, can find out, because the transmittance on black state medium dip surface is high, so visual angle is narrow.
The 6th comparative example
Although the same with the configuration in the first embodiment, in the second compensate film 14 by using the thickness direction retardation (Rth) that postpones (R0) and 350nm in the face have 2nm under wavelength 589.3nm and the face with 170nm, the first compensate film 24 of delay (R0) and-0.3 refractive index ratio (NZ) prepares the blue phase liquid crystal liquid crystal display.
The transmittance analog result of all light directions of this liquid crystal display is showed in Figure 25.Be illustrated in fig. 25 shown below, can find out, because the transmittance on black state medium dip surface is high, so visual angle is narrow.
Industrial applicibility
As mentioned above, according to the liquid crystal display for blue phase liquid crystal of the present invention because wide visual angle can be provided, so can be applied to need in other big screen LCD of high optical grade.

Claims (9)

1. a coupling Polarizer assembly, it comprises:
The first coupling Polarizer; And
The second coupling Polarizer,
Wherein, described the first coupling Polarizer and the second coupling Polarizer form according to each free compensate film of the order that approaches liquid crystal, polaroid and diaphragm,
The compensate film of described the first coupling Polarizer has the refractive index ratio (NZ) that postpones (R0) and-6.0 to-0.5 in 50 to 150nm face, and its slow axis is parallel with the absorption axes of adjacent polaroid, and
The compensate film of described the second coupling Polarizer has the thickness direction retardation (Rth) that postpones (R0) and 80 to 310nm in 0 to 10nm face.
2. coupling Polarizer assembly according to claim 1, wherein, the compensate film of described the first coupling Polarizer has the refractive index ratio (NZ) that postpones (R0) and-2.0 to-0.5 in 80 to 150nm face.
3. coupling Polarizer assembly according to claim 1, wherein, the compensate film of described the first coupling Polarizer has the refractive index ratio (NZ) that postpones (R0) and-1.0 to-0.5 in 100 to 150nm face.
4. coupling Polarizer assembly according to claim 1, wherein, the compensate film of described the second coupling Polarizer has the thickness direction retardation (Rth) that postpones (R0) and 80 to 200nm in 0 to 5nm face.
5. coupling Polarizer assembly according to claim 1, wherein, the compensate film of described the second coupling Polarizer has the thickness direction retardation (Rth) that postpones (R0) and 80 to 140nm in 0 to 3nm face.
6. coupling Polarizer assembly according to claim 1; wherein, described the first coupling Polarizer and the second coupling compensate film of Polarizer and diaphragm a kind of the making in being selected from TAC (triacetyl cellulose), COP (cyclic olefin polymer), COC (cyclic olefine copolymer), PET (polyethylene terephthalate), PP (polypropylene), PC (polycarbonate), PSF (polysulfones) and PMMA (polymethylmethacrylate) independently.
7. a blue facies model liquid crystal display, it comprises coupling Polarizer assembly and blue phase liquid crystal, described coupling Polarizer assembly comprises that the first coupling Polarizer claimed in claim 1 and the second coupling Polarizer are as upper Polarizer and lower Polarizer.
8. blue facies model liquid crystal display according to claim 7, wherein, described blue phase liquid crystal has optical isotropy when not applying electric field, and has optical anisotropy when applying electric field.
9. blue facies model liquid crystal display according to claim 7, wherein, the maximum transmission rate on the direction of observation of pitch angle (θ=60 ° and Φ=45 °) is below 0.05%.
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