CN102414589A - Coupled polarizing plate set and blue phase liquid crystal mode liquid crystal display including the same - Google Patents

Coupled polarizing plate set and blue phase liquid crystal mode liquid crystal display including the same Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102414589A
CN102414589A CN2010800196623A CN201080019662A CN102414589A CN 102414589 A CN102414589 A CN 102414589A CN 2010800196623 A CN2010800196623 A CN 2010800196623A CN 201080019662 A CN201080019662 A CN 201080019662A CN 102414589 A CN102414589 A CN 102414589A
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liquid crystal
coupling polarizer
polarizer
compensate film
coupling
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CN102414589B (en
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金奉春
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Dongwoo Fine Chem Co Ltd
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Dongwoo Fine Chem Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/30—Polarising elements
    • G02B5/3083—Birefringent or phase retarding elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/30—Polarising elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/30—Polarising elements
    • G02B5/3025—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state
    • G02B5/3033—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state in the form of a thin sheet or foil, e.g. Polaroid

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polarising Elements (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention discloses a coupled polarizing plate set comprising a first coupled polarizing plate and a second coupled polarizing plate where compensation films having specific optical properties are laminated and a liquid crystal display capable of be easily mass-producing the coupled polarizing plate while ensuring a wide viewing angle equal to or more than the known other liquid crystal mode by adopting the coupled polarizing plate set to a blue phase liquid crystal mode.

Description

Coupling Polarizer assembly and the blue phase liquid crystal mode LCD that comprises this assembly
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of LCD, it is through guaranteeing wide visual angle with specific coupling Polarizer component application in the blue phase liquid crystal pattern.
Background technology
Because the technical matters of initial development phase basically all is able to solve, and is current, LCD (LCD) has obtained using widely as popular image display.LCD comprises display panels and the backlight assembly of light is provided to display panels.
Through producing electrode application voltage to the field, LCD produces electric field in liquid crystal layer, thereby orientation and the polarisation through the control incident light of confirming the liquid crystal molecule of liquid crystal layer come display image.
Because by the state of orientation decision optical transmission rate of liquid crystal layer, the rapid response speed that therefore needs liquid crystal layer is promptly to change state of orientation.
People have developed the LCD that uses so-called blue phase liquid crystal, and blue phase liquid crystal is the mesomorphic state between nematic pattern and isotropy pattern formula.Blue phase liquid crystal has the relatively very fast response speed of about 3 microseconds, and this is because it has optical isotropy when not applying electric field, and it has optical anisotropy when applying electric field.
People have used the coupling Polarizer assembly that is used for in-plan switching liquid crystal display to guarantee the wide visual angle of blue phase liquid crystal display.This coupling Polarizer assembly comprises isotropy diaphragm and the two kinds of compensate films (at least a compensate film can have delay performance) with different optical character.Isotropy diaphragm and two kinds of compensate films are placed between blue phase liquid crystal and any polaroid separately.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters
But when being used for the coupling Polarizer assembly of in-plan switching liquid crystal display; Because it must comprise two kinds of compensate films; Therefore compare with the conventional LCD that uses different liquid crystal modes, can't reduce the thickness of blue phase liquid crystal display, also can't be with low-cost production.And because the liquid crystal two sides is in uneven thickness, therefore very possible variation owing to temperature or humidity bends.
The invention provides a kind of coupling Polarizer assembly that is used for blue phase liquid crystal display; It has simple structure and is easy to lower price large-scale production; And it can also provide and the identical or better wide visual angle of existing coupling Polarizer assembly (the coupling Polarizer assembly that particularly, is used for in-plan switching liquid crystal display).
The present invention also provides the blue phase liquid crystal display that comprises coupling Polarizer assembly of the present invention.
Technical scheme
According to an aspect of the present invention; A kind of coupling Polarizer assembly is provided; It comprises: the first coupling Polarizer and the second coupling Polarizer; Wherein the first coupling Polarizer and the second coupling Polarizer constitute according to each free compensate film of order, polaroid and diaphragm near liquid crystal; The compensate film of the first coupling Polarizer has and postpones (R0) in 50 to 150nm the face (NZ), its slow axis is parallel with the absorption axes of adjacent polaroid with-6.0 to-0.1 refractive index ratio (refractive index ratio), and second be coupled Polarizer compensate film have the thickness direction retardation (Rth) of delay (R0) in 0 to 10nm the face and 80 to 310nm.
According to a further aspect in the invention, a kind of blue phase liquid crystal display that comprises coupling Polarizer assembly is provided, said coupling Polarizer assembly comprises as the first coupling Polarizer of the last Polarizer of blue phase liquid crystal pattern and following Polarizer and the second coupling Polarizer.
Beneficial effect
According to one embodiment of present invention; The coupling Polarizer assembly that is used for blue phase liquid crystal display has simple structure and is easy to lower price large-scale production; And can provide and the identical or better wide visual angle of existing coupling Polarizer assembly (the coupling Polarizer assembly that particularly, is used for in-plan switching liquid crystal display).
According to another implementation of the invention, blue phase liquid crystal display has the wide visual angle identical or better with having in-plan switching liquid crystal display now.
Description of drawings
In conjunction with accompanying drawing, will more be expressly understood above-mentioned and other purpose, characteristic and other advantage of the present invention by the detailed description of hereinafter, in the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the skeleton view of example according to liquid crystal display device structure of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the synoptic diagram of example according to the refractive index of compensate film of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the synoptic diagram that is presented at the MD in the preparation process, is used for the expansion direction (unrolled direction) of example according to compensate film of the present invention and Polarizer;
Fig. 4 is the synoptic diagram of example expression of Φ and θ in coordinate system of the present invention;
The curve map of the wavelength dispersion characteristic in the long scope of the all-wave of second compensate film that Fig. 5 uses in the first embodiment of the present invention for example;
The curve map of the wavelength dispersion characteristic in the long scope of the all-wave of first compensate film that Fig. 6 uses in the first embodiment of the present invention for example;
Fig. 7 is for showing the analog result figure from the transmittance of whole radiation directions according to first embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 8 is the figure of the polarized condition variation that shows in the first embodiment of the invention light that on the direction of the dip plane on the Poincare polarization ball (θ=60 ° with Φ=45 °), sends;
When Fig. 9 is used for the coupling Polarizer assembly of in-plan switching liquid crystal display for showing to liquid crystal mode of the present invention from the analog result figure of the transmittance of whole radiation directions;
Figure 10 is for showing the analog result figure from the transmittance of whole radiation directions according to second embodiment of the invention;
Figure 11 is the figure of the polarized condition variation that shows in the second embodiment of the invention light that on the direction of the dip plane on the Poincare polarization ball (θ=60 ° with Φ=45 °), sends;
Figure 12 is the analog result figure from the transmittance of whole radiation directions according to third embodiment of the invention;
Figure 13 is the figure of the polarized condition variation that shows in the third embodiment of the invention light that on the direction of the dip plane on the Poincare polarization ball (θ=60 ° with Φ=45 °), sends;
Figure 14 is the analog result figure from the transmittance of whole radiation directions according to fourth embodiment of the invention;
Figure 15 is the figure of the polarized condition variation that shows in the fourth embodiment of the invention light that on the direction of the dip plane on the Poincare polarization ball (θ=60 ° with Φ=45 °), sends;
Figure 16 is the analog result figure from the transmittance of whole radiation directions according to fifth embodiment of the invention;
Figure 17 is the figure of the polarized condition variation that shows in the fifth embodiment of the invention light that on the direction of the dip plane on the Poincare polarization ball (θ=60 ° with Φ=45 °), sends;
Figure 18 is the analog result figure from the transmittance of whole radiation directions according to sixth embodiment of the invention;
Figure 19 is presented in the sixth embodiment of the invention figure that the polarized condition of the light that on the direction of the dip plane on the Poincare polarization ball (θ=60 ° and Φ=45 °), sends changes;
Figure 20 is first comparative example's according to the present invention the analog result figure from the transmittance of whole radiation directions;
Figure 21 is second comparative example's according to the present invention the analog result figure from the transmittance of whole radiation directions;
Figure 22 is the 3rd comparative example's according to the present invention the analog result figure from the transmittance of whole radiation directions;
Figure 23 is the 4th comparative example's according to the present invention the analog result figure from the transmittance of whole radiation directions;
Figure 24 is the 5th comparative example's according to the present invention the analog result figure from the transmittance of whole radiation directions; And
Figure 25 is the 6th comparative example's according to the present invention the analog result figure from the transmittance of whole radiation directions.
Embodiment
The first coupling Polarizer of compensate film and the coupling Polarizer assembly of the second coupling Polarizer have been the present invention relates to comprise wherein range upon range of respectively with particular optical properties.Particularly, the first coupling Polarizer of coupling Polarizer assembly and the second coupling Polarizer constitute according to each free compensate film of order, polaroid and diaphragm near liquid crystal.
The compensate film of the first coupling Polarizer has and postpones (R0) and-6.0 to-0.1 refractive index ratio (NZ) in 50 to 150nm the face, and the compensate film of the second coupling Polarizer has the thickness direction retardation (Rth) of delay (R0) in 0 to 10nm the face and 80 to 310nm.At this moment, the compensate film of the first coupling Polarizer has the slow axis parallel with the absorption axes of adjacent polaroid.
For all wavelengths in the visible region, the optical property of compensate film of the present invention is by 1～3 definition of following formula.
If the wavelength of light source does not have special declaration, what then describe is the optical property at 589nm place.Wherein, In Fig. 2, Nx is the refractive index of the axle of the largest refractive index that has in face the light of vibration (oscillate) on the direction, and Ny is the refractive index of the light that in face, vibrates on the direction vertical with Nx on the direction; And Nz is the refractive index of the light that on thickness direction, vibrates, and it is expressed as follows:
[formula 1]
Rth＝[(Nx+Ny)/2-Nz]×d
(wherein, Nx and Ny are the refractive indexes of the light that vibrates on the direction in the face, and Nx >=Ny, and Nz is the refractive index of the light that on the thickness direction of film, vibrates, and d is the thickness of film).
[formula 2]
R0＝(Nx-Ny)×d
(wherein, Nx and Ny are the refractive index of the light that vibrates on the direction in the face, and d is the thickness of film, and Nx >=Ny).
[formula 3]
NZ＝(Nx-Nz)/(Nx-Ny)＝Rth/R0+0.5
(wherein, Nx and Ny are the refractive indexes of the light that vibrates on the direction in the face, and Nx >=Ny, and Nz is the refractive index of the light that on the thickness direction of film, vibrates, and d is the thickness of film).
Rth is a thickness direction retardation; The phase differential of mean refractive index in its expression and the face on thickness direction, and it is not actual phase differential, but reference value; R0 postpones in the face, the phase differential of its reality when (vertical direction) sees through film on orthogonal directions when light.
In addition, NZ is a refractive index ratio, can tell the type of the plate of compensate film according to it.The type of the plate of compensate film is called: when having the optical axis of no phase differential on the direction in the face at film is the A-plate, when on the direction vertical with plate, having optical axis, is the C-plate, and when having two optical axises, is biaxial plates.
Particularly, for NZ=1, refractive index meets Nx＞Ny=Nz, is called positive A-plate; For 1＜NZ, refractive index meets Nx＞Ny＞Nz, is called negative twin shaft A-plate; For 0＜NZ＜1, refractive index has the relation of Nx＞Nz＞Ny, is called Z-axle alignment films; For NZ=0, refractive index has the relation of Nx=Nz＞Ny, is called negative A-plate; For NZ＜0, refractive index has the relation of Nz＞Nx＞Ny, is called positive twin shaft A-plate; For NZ=∞, refractive index has the relation of Nx=Ny＞Nz, is called negative C-plate; During for NZ=-∞, refractive index has the relation of Nz＞Nx=Ny, is called positive C-plate.
Yet,, in the method for real world, be difficult to ideally prepare A-plate and C-plate according to the definition of theory.Therefore, in general method, the predetermined value in the scope that postpones in the approximate range of the refractive index ratio through setting the A-plate and the face of C-plate is distinguished A-plate and C-plate.Set predetermined value and when being applied to all other materials that have different refractive indexes according to stretching, have limitation.Therefore, the compensate film that comprises in the upper and lower Polarizer of the present invention is by the expressions such as NZ, R0 and Rth of band numeral, and it is the optical property of plate, rather than according to the isotropy of refractive index.
These compensate films have phase differential through stretching, and the film that wherein increases in the draw direction refractive index has just (+) refractive index performance, and the film that reduces in the draw direction refractive index has negative (-) refractive index performance.Have that just the compensate film of (+) refractive index performance can be by a kind of the processing that is selected among TAC (triacetyl cellulose), COP (cyclic olefin polymer), COC (cyclic olefine copolymer), PET (polyethylene terephthalate), PP (polypropylene), PC (polycarbonate), PSF (polysulfones) and the PMMA (polymethylmethacrylate); And particularly, the compensate film with negative (-) refractive index can be processed by modification PS (polystyrene) or modification PC (polycarbonate).
In addition; The drawing process of giving the compensate film optical property is divided into stiff end stretching and free end stretching; Wherein, Said stiff end is stretched as in the drawing process of film fixing length except draw direction, and free end is stretched as in the drawing process of film and except draw direction, also degree of freedom will be provided on other direction.Generally speaking, in drawing process, film shrinks on other directions except draw direction, but Z-axle alignment films needs special shrink process rather than stretch processing.
Fig. 3 has shown the direction of the former film (raw film) of reeling, and wherein, the expansion direction of coiling film is called MD (machine direction), and is called TD (laterally) perpendicular to the direction of MD.In addition, in this process, the stretching of film on MD is called free end and stretches, and the stretching on TD is called the stiff end stretching.
Sum up the type of NZ and plate according to drawing process (when only using first method), just having through the free end stretching, the film of (+) refractive index performance can prepare positive A-plate; Just having through the stiff end stretching, the film of (+) refraction performance can prepare negative twin shaft A-plate; Stretch through free end, then stiff end shrinks the film with (+) refraction performance just or negative (-) refraction performance and can prepare Z-axle alignment films; The film that has negative (-) refraction performance through the free end stretching can prepare negative A-plate; And can prepare positive twin shaft A-plate through stiff end the film that stretches with negative (-) refraction performance.
Except said method, can control the direction of slow axis, phase differential and NZ value through using other method, and said other method does not receive special restriction for one of common many methods that adopt in comprising the field of the invention.
Coupling Polarizer assembly according to the present invention comprises the first coupling Polarizer and the second coupling Polarizer, and its each free compensate film, polaroid and diaphragm constitute.
The compensate film of the said first coupling Polarizer has the interior refractive index ratio (NZ) that postpones (R0) and-6.0～-0.1 of face of 50～150nm.In above-mentioned scope, postpone the minimizing of absolute value of increase and the refractive index ratio (NZ) of (R0) in along with face, the dispersion characteristics of polarization state are tending towards decline.Therefore, can guarantee more excellent wide visual angle.Can suitably select to postpone in the face (R0) according to refractive index ratio (NZ).
If refractive index ratio (NZ) is less than-6.0; The dispersion characteristics of expression polarization state difference will become excessive; Compensated reference wavelength although make; But other wavelength is compensation normally not, and polarization state difference depends on LCD (said LCD is to be made up of first compensate film, liquid crystal cell and the second compensate film) wavelength afterwards that has preferable view effect passing.Therefore, be difficult to realize effect of the present invention.If refractive index ratio (NZ) is greater than-0.1, the slow-axis direction of compensate film and MD (machine direction) will be different.Therefore, be difficult to be applied in the roll-to-roll method (roll-to-roll process).
Though in simulation; The length of delay that postpones (R0) face to face be 40nm to 50nm when following phase shift films can show required effect; But the minimum delay value that postpones (R0) in the face of compensate film of the first coupling Polarizer should be 50nm, have constant or uniform length of delay in actual process, the to produce phase shift films of (desired value ± 5nm) and constant or uniform delay-angle (desired value ± 0.5 °).
Preferably, postponing (R0) in the face is between 80～150nm, and refractive index ratio (NZ) be between-2.0～-0.1, and this is because less and so possibly produce in enormous quantities at above-mentioned scope internal dispersion degree.Can consider that owing to postponing (R0) in the face refractive index ratio (NZ) confirms, be-2.0 between-0.1 the time at the refractive index ratio (NZ) of the compensate film of the first coupling Polarizer, and the interior delay of face (R0) of the compensate film of the first coupling Polarizer is between 80 to 150nm.Also should consider the optical property of the compensate film of the second coupling Polarizer.
Because the TD uniaxial tension in above-mentioned scope is easy especially in actual process, more preferably, to postpone (R0) in the face be between 100 to 150nm and refractive index ratio (NZ) between-1.0 to-0.1.If possible carry out the TD uniaxial tension, then can reduce manufacturing cost.Can consider that owing to postponing (R0) in the face refractive index ratio (NZ) confirms, be-1.0 between-0.1 the time at the refractive index ratio (NZ) of the compensate film of the first coupling Polarizer, and the interior delay of face (R0) of the compensate film of the first coupling Polarizer is between 100 to 150nm.Also should consider the optical property of the compensate film of the second coupling Polarizer.
The slow axis of the compensate film of the first coupling Polarizer is parallel to the absorption axes of contiguous polaroid (polaroid of the first coupling Polarizer).
The compensate film of the second coupling Polarizer has the thickness direction retardation (Rth) that postpones (R0) and 80 to 310nm in 0 to 10nm the face.In order to ensure the wide visual angle of blue phase liquid crystal display, consider the optical property of the compensate film of the first coupling Polarizer.
Preferably; When considering preferable range and the industrial advantage that produced by this preferable range of optical property of compensate film of the first coupling Polarizer, postponing (R0) in the face of the compensate film of the second coupling Polarizer is between 0 to 5nm and the thickness direction retardation (Rth) of the compensate film of the second coupling Polarizer is between 80 to 200nm.
More preferably, postponing (R0) in the face of the compensate film of the second coupling Polarizer is between 0 to 3nm, and the thickness direction retardation (Rth) of the compensate film of the second coupling Polarizer is between 80 to 140nm.Similar with the compensate film of the first coupling Polarizer, these scopes also are to limit through the ease of considering optical property and manufacturing process.Can easily The tape casting or complete biaxial stretch-formed method be applied in this manufacturing process.
Because the compensate film of the second coupling Polarizer does not have its slow axis, the orientation independent of the setting of this compensate film and the absorption axes of particularly contiguous polaroid (polaroid of the second coupling Polarizer).
Compensate film of the present invention can have the wavelength dispersion characteristic (normal wavelength dispersive characteristic) or the opposite wavelength dispersion characteristic (inverse wavelength dispersive characteristic) of normality.Generally speaking, to have different phase according to the incident light wavelength poor for compensate film.Phase differential is big when the short wavelength, and phase differential is little when the long wavelength, and the compensate film with these performances is called the compensate film of the wavelength dispersion characteristic with normality.In addition, when the short wavelength, has little phase differential and the film that has big phase differential during the long wavelength is called the compensate film with opposite wavelength dispersion characteristic.
In the present invention, as usually used in the art, the dispersion characteristic of said compensate film is expressed as the ratio of phase differential of light source of phase differential and 780nm of the light source of 380nm.As a reference, [R0 (380nm)/R0 (780nm)]=0.4872 can realized in the compensate film with antipodal wavelength dispersion characteristic of identical polarization state to all wavelength.
Each polaroid of the first and second coupling Polarizers can have through the polarization function layer (polarizing functional layer) that stretches and dyeing PVA (polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)) prepares.Said polaroid has diaphragm respectively in the more distally apart from liquid crystal cell.Can particularly, can use roll-to-roll method and sheet through method preparation commonly used in this area first and second coupling Polarizers to sheet (sheet-to-sheet) method.Consider productive rate and efficient in the preparation process, preferably use roll-to-roll method, and especially, it is effectively, because the direction of the absorption axes of PVA polaroid always is fixed on the MD.
The diaphragm of the said first and second coupling Polarizers can be normally used material in the art.For diaphragm, preferably has the least possible optical property that influences the visual angle.The material that is used for diaphragm can be for being selected from a kind of of TAC (tri acetyl cellulose), COP (cyclic olefin polymer), COC (cyclic olefine copolymer), PET (polyethylene terephthalate), PP (polypropylene), PC (polycarbonate), PSF (polysulfones) and PMMA (polymethylmethacrylate).
In addition, the present invention relates to a kind of LCD that comprises blue phase liquid crystal panel and coupling Polarizer assembly, said coupling Polarizer assembly comprises respectively the first coupling Polarizer and the second coupling Polarizer as upper and lower Polarizer.In LCD; Can be set to Polarizer by the said first coupling Polarizer; And can be set to down Polarizer by the second coupling Polarizer, perhaps can be set to Polarizer by the second coupling Polarizer, and can be set to down Polarizer by the first coupling Polarizer.The absorption axes of the polaroid of the said first coupling Polarizer is perpendicular to the absorption axes of the polaroid of the second coupling Polarizer.
When not applying electric field, said blue phase liquid crystal has the optical isotropy characteristic; When applying electric field, it has the optical anisotropy characteristic.Said liquid crystal forms cylindrical array (cylindrical array), and wherein molecule is twisted and with the 3D eccentric pattern.This orientation texture is called two posts (double twist cylinder) (hereinafter, being called ' DTC ') of turning round.Said blue phase liquid crystal can further be reversed to the central shaft of DTC.That is to say that said blue phase liquid crystal is arranged with following twisting states: two torsion shafts vertically have directivity (directionality) with the central shaft based on DTC each other in DTC in DTC.
Said blue phase liquid crystal comprises the first blue phase, second blue mutually blue with the 3rd mutually.Said arrangement architecture depends on the type of the blue phase among the DTC.First indigo plant mutually in, DTC is aligned to body-centered cubic structure (its for a kind of crystalline network), and second indigo plant mutually in, DTC is aligned to the simple cubic structure.Because at Lan Xiangzhong, said DTC is aligned to crystalline network, so disclination (disclination) takes place in the position that 3 adjacent DTC intersect.Said disclination is that liquid crystal does not have the part of regular directivity ground irregular alignment and forms the disclination line.
The anisotropic refraction rate of said blue phase liquid crystal according to the voltage strength that applies and with square the changing pro rata of the voltage that applies.When isotropic polarisation material applies electric field, wherein refractive index is called Kerr effect (Kerr effect) with a square optical effect that changes pro rata that applies voltage.Because LCD is through using the Kerr effect display image of blue phase liquid crystal, so improved the speed of response.
In addition, in the refractive index of each the area measure blue phase liquid crystal that forms electric field.When forming electric field consistently and form the zone, said LCD has uniform brightness (luminance), and does not receive the inhomogeneity influence of cel-gap (cell gap), thereby has improved the display performance of LCD.
Under optical condition of the present invention, in the LCD of configuration, meet the compensation relationship below 0.05% of black mode, preferred compensation relationship below 0.02% from the maximum transmission rate of all radiation directions.At present be shown as about 10000 nits (nit) through the highest front luminance of using the LCD that vertical orientated (VA) pattern prepares.Briliancy at the visual angle at 60 ° oblique angles is approximately 10000 nits * cos60 °, and 0.05% the brightness that is equivalent to this briliancy (brightness) is 2.5 nits.Therefore, the present invention will realize that the transmittance of all radiation directions is equal to or greater than the transmittance of the LCD that adopts the VA pattern.
Fig. 1 will describe for diagram is used for the skeleton view according to a basic structure of blue phase liquid crystal LCD of the present invention below.
In this blue phase liquid crystal LCD, stack gradually second diaphragm 13, second polaroid 11, second compensate film 14, blue phase liquid crystal box 30, first compensate film 24, first polaroid 21 and first diaphragm 23 from backlight unit 40.Observe when the observer's direction from display, the absorption axes 12 of first polaroid 21 and second polaroid 11 is vertical each other with 22, and the slow axis of first compensate film is parallel to the absorption axes of first polaroid.In Fig. 1 (a); With first the coupling Polarizer be arranged on this coupling Polarizer assembly top as last Polarizer; And the slow axis 25 of first compensate film 24 is parallel to the absorption axes 22 of first polaroid 21; And in Fig. 1 (b), the bottom that the first coupling Polarizer is arranged on this coupling Polarizer assembly is as following Polarizer, and the slow axis 25 of first compensate film 24 is parallel to the absorption axes 22 of first polaroid 21.
The said first coupling Polarizer 20 and the second coupling Polarizer 10 can help the roll-to-roll method preparation of large-scale production through employing.Fig. 3 is the synoptic diagram that is shown in the MD among the roll-to-roll preparation method.With reference to Fig. 3, the structure of Fig. 1 (a) will be described below.
The said first coupling Polarizer 20 and the second coupling Polarizer 10 combine to prepare through making multiple blooming, and blooming exists with web-like (roll state) separately before adhering to the coupling Polarizer.Film is called machine direction (MD) from the direction that roller launches or is wound on the roller.Under the situation of the second coupling Polarizer 10; The direction of second diaphragm 13 and second compensate film 14 is for not influence of optical property; Roll-to-roll preparation method is feasible, and under the situation of the first coupling Polarizer 20, has only when 24 MD of first polaroid 21 and first compensate film is consistent with each other; Roll-to-roll preparation method is only possible, and with the orientation independent of first diaphragm 23.
In addition, when the absorption axes 12 near second polaroid 11 of backlight unit is vertical direction, pass the light polarizing in the horizontal direction of the second coupling Polarizer 10.In this case, when light passes when having applied the liquid crystal cell that makes its panel voltage that becomes bright mode, light is vertical direction and passes and be positioned at the first coupling Polarizer 20 with horizontal absorption axes that shows side.At this moment, also can see the light that sends from LCD the people who has on polarized sunglasses (absorption axes of polarized sunglasses is a horizontal direction) who shows side with horizontal absorption axes.If the absorption axes 12 near second polaroid 11 of backlight unit is a horizontal direction, the people who has on polarized sunglasses can not see image.In addition; Under the situation of large-sized LCD; Because people's main range of observation (primary viewing range) in the horizontal direction wide than on the vertical direction, thus in order to show that side watches image better, except the LCD of specific use (for example; Advertisement LCDs etc.), common LCD is prepared into the form of 4: 3 or 16: 9.Therefore, when the observer from display watched, the absorption axes of second polaroid was a vertical direction, and the absorption axes of first polaroid is a horizontal direction.
Can viewing angle compensation effect of the present invention be described through Poincare polarization ball.Because Poincare polarization ball is the very useful instrument that is used to be illustrated in the variation of polarization state under the predetermined angular; When the light that sends in predetermined angle of view passed through the optical element in the LCD that uses polarisation effect display image, Poincare polarization ball can be used to represent the variation of polarization state.In the present invention; Predetermined visual angle is the direction of θ=60 ° and Φ=45 ° of the semicircle coordinate system (hemicircular coordinate system) that is shown in Fig. 4, and the variation of the polarization state of the light that sends from this direction will be described based on 550nm (people feels the brightest wavelength).Particularly, its show when the surface of Φ direction with the θ angle in frontal plane around Φ+90 ° spool rotate to observer's direction the time, the variation of the polarization state of light on Poincare polarization ball that comes out from front direction.When the coordinate of S3 axle on Poincare polarization ball during for just (+); Right-hand circular polarization has appearred; Wherein, when a certain polarization horizontal component is Ex and polarization orthogonal component when being Ey, right-hand circular polarization is represented: the Ex component with respect to the light phase delay of Ey component greater than 0 and half the less than wavelength.
Hereinafter, in above-mentioned structure, be described in when not applying voltage the effect that realizes black attitude at all visual angles through embodiment and comparative example.Although can be more readily understood the present invention through following embodiment, following embodiment provides as instance of the present invention, and non-limiting by the desired protection scope of the present invention of accompanying claims.
Embodiment
Through using TECH WIZ LCD 1D (Sanayi System company limited, Korea S) to simulate the effect than broad visual angle, this instrument is following first to the 6th embodiment and first to the 6th comparative example's LCD simulation system.
First embodiment
The TECH WIZ LCD 1D (Sanayi System company limited, Korea S) of the stepped construction shown in (a) that will be used to have Fig. 1 according to the actual measurement data of each blooming of the present invention, liquid crystal cell and backlight.To describe the structure of Fig. 1 (a) below in detail.
From backlight unit 40 beginnings; Second diaphragm 13, second polaroid 11, second compensate film 14, blue phase liquid crystal box 30, first compensate film 24, first polaroid 21 and first diaphragm 23 are set; Wherein, When demonstration is looked sideways, the absorption axes 12 of said second polaroid 11 in vertical direction, and the absorption axes 22 of said first polaroid 21 is in the horizontal direction.Therefore, first and second polaroids 21 and 11 absorption axes 12 and 22 are perpendicular to one another, and the absorption axes 22 of the slow axis 25 of first compensate film 24 and first polaroid 21 is parallel.
When not when liquid crystal cell applies electric field, the refractive index of liquid crystal cell is isotropic, and when when liquid crystal cell applies electric field, the refractive index that applies on the direction at electric field increases.As the sample product of liquid crystal mode, used blue phase liquid crystal (Samsung company limited, SID 2008).When adopting liquid crystal, do not need initial liquid crystal aligning, therefore simplified the manufacture craft of liquid crystal cell.
Simultaneously, each blooming and the backlight unit that are used for first embodiment have following optical property.
At first; PVA through stretching with iodine staining makes first and second polaroids 11 and 21 have polarization function, and the polarization property of said polaroid is for having brightness degree of polarization (luminance degree of polarization) and the brightness group transmittance more than 41% (luminance group transmittance) more than 99.9% in 370 to 780nm visible-range.Brightness degree of polarization and brightness group transmittance are by 4 to 8 definition of following formula; When the transmittance according to the light transmission shaft of wavelength is TD (λ); Transmittance according to the absorption axes of wavelength is MD (λ); And the luminance compensation value that in JIS Z 8701:1999, defines (luminance compensation value) for
Figure BPA00001454635500121
wherein; S (λ) is a light source light spectrum, and light source is the C-light source.
[formula 4]
T TD = K ∫ 380 780 S ( λ ) y ‾ ( λ ) TD ( λ ) dλ
[formula 5]
T MD = K ∫ 380 780 S ( λ ) y ‾ ( λ ) MD ( λ ) dλ
[formula 6]
K = 100 ∫ 380 780 S ( λ ) y ‾ ( λ ) dλ
[formula 7]
Figure BPA00001454635500125
[formula 8]
Figure BPA00001454635500126
Use under the wavelength of 589.3nm, have the thickness direction retardation (Rth) that postpones (R0) and 90nm in the face of 2.0nm the second coupling Polarizer second compensate film 14 and have delay (R0) in the face of 140nm and-0.11 refractive index ratio (NZ) first be coupled Polarizer first compensate film 24.
In Fig. 5, shown wavelength dispersion characteristic, and the interior ratio that postpones (wavelength 780nm)=[R0 (380nm)/R0 (780nm)] of delay (wavelength 380nm)/face is 0.862 in the face for the gamut wavelength of second compensate film 14.In Fig. 6, shown wavelength dispersion characteristic, and the interior ratio that postpones (wavelength 780nm)=[R0 (380nm)/R0 (780nm)] of delay (wavelength 380nm)/face is 1.197 in the face for the gamut wavelength of first compensate film 24.
First and second diaphragms 23 and 13 all use the TAC (triacetyl cellulose) of optical property of thickness direction retardation (Rth) that has 50nm for the incident light of 589.3nm to protect first and second polaroids.The actual measurement spectroscopic data of backlight that is assemblied in 46 inches liquid crystal TV PAVV (LTA460HR0) type (Samsung company limited) is used for backlight unit.
Behind range upon range of optics shown in Fig. 1 (a), obtain result shown in Figure 7 through simulation to the transmittance of all radiation directions.Fig. 8 is presented under the reference viewing angle (θ=60 ° and Φ=45 °) change at 550nm wavelength polarization state.Polarization state on Poincare polarization ball when second polaroid 11 is by 1 expression, and polarization state during through second compensate film 14 and the polarization state during through liquid crystal cell be by 2 expressions, and the polarization state during through first compensate film 24 is by 3 expressions.
Fig. 7 shows the distribution of the transmittance of all radiation directions when attitude is deceived in demonstration on screen, wherein, and in the scope of scale; When attitude is deceived in demonstration; Transmittance is 0%～0.05%, and the part that surpasses 0.05% transmittance representes that with red color the low-transmittance part is with blue color showing.In this case, can find out, wide more at the blue portion at center, guarantee wideer visual angle more easily through the wideer visual angle of indication.
Therefore; Can find out; Fig. 7 has shown the viewing angle compensation effect; This viewing angle compensation effect is presented at the viewing angle compensation better effects if of Fig. 9 of the transmittance on all radiation directions when being used for liquid crystal mode of the present invention when the Polarizer that will be used for in-plan switching liquid crystal display (I Plus Pol configuration, Tongwoo Fine Chemicals Co., Ltd. (DONGWOO FINE-CHEM), Korea S).
Second embodiment
Although the same, prepare the LCD that is used for blue phase liquid crystal through second compensate film 14 that is employed in the thickness direction retardation (Rth) that postpones (R0) and 300nm in the face that has 2.0nm under the 589.3nm wavelength and interior first compensate film 24 that postpones the refractive index ratio (NZ) of (R0) and-5.9 of face with 55nm with the configuration in first embodiment.
Figure 10 shows that the transmittance from all radiation directions distributes when attitude is deceived in demonstration on screen, wherein, and in the scope of scale; When attitude is deceived in demonstration; Transmittance is 0%～0.05%, and the part that surpasses 0.05% transmittance shows with red color, and the low-transmittance part is with blue color showing.In this case, can find out, wide more at the blue portion at center, the visual angle of guaranteeing broad more easily through the wideer visual angle of indication.
Therefore; Can find out; Figure 10 has shown the viewing angle compensation effect; The viewing angle compensation effect of Fig. 9 that this viewing angle compensation effect is presented at the transmittance on all radiation directions when being used for liquid crystal mode of the present invention when the Polarizer that will be used for in-plan switching liquid crystal display (I Plus Pol configuration, Tongwoo Fine Chemicals Co., Ltd., Korea S) is identical.
Figure 11 has shown the optical compensation principle of first embodiment on Poincare polarization ball at the optical compensation principle that has shown second embodiment on the Poincare polarization ball and Fig. 8.As can be seen from the figure; Between two paths on the Poincare polarization ball, there are countless compensable paths; And optical property can not only be improved through first and second compensate films 14 and 24, but the optimum optical properties of first compensate film 24 is according to the optical property of second compensate film 14 and definite.
The 3rd embodiment
Although it is the same with the configuration in first embodiment; But shown in Fig. 1 (b); From backlight unit 40 beginning, first diaphragm 23, first polaroid 21, first compensate film 24, blue phase liquid crystal box 30, second compensate film 14, second polaroid 11 and second diaphragm 13 are set.When showing that side is watched, the absorption axes 22 of first polaroid 21 is vertical direction, and when when the demonstration side is watched, the absorption axes 12 of second polaroid 11 is horizontal directions.Therefore, first and second polaroids 21 are vertical each other with 12 with 11 absorption axes 22, and the absorption axes 22 of the slow axis 25 of first compensate film 24 and first polaroid 21 is parallel each other.
According to the optical property that the difference of the interior refractive index on each film direction produces, use second compensate film 14 of the thickness direction retardation (Rth) that postpones (R0) and 90nm in the face that under the 589.3nm wavelength, has 2.0nm and have delay (R0) in the face of 140nm and first compensate film 24 of-0.11 refractive index ratio (NZ).
Wavelength dispersion characteristic for the gamut wavelength of second compensate film 14 is as shown in Figure 5, and the ratio that postpones to postpone in (wavelength 380nm)/face (wavelength 780nm)=[R0 (380nm)/R0 (780nm)] in the face is 0.862.Wavelength dispersion characteristic for the gamut wavelength of first compensate film 24 is as shown in Figure 6, and the ratio that postpones to postpone in (wavelength 380nm)/face (wavelength 780nm)=[R0 (380nm)/R0 (780nm)] in the face is 1.197.
Behind range upon range of optics shown in Fig. 1 (b), simulate through transmittance all radiation directions, obtain result shown in Figure 12.In the 550nm wavelength, the change of polarization state is shown in figure 13 under reference viewing angle (θ=60 ° and Φ=45 °).Polarization state on Poincare polarization ball when first polaroid 21 is by 1 expression, and polarization state during through first compensate film 24 and the polarization state during through liquid crystal cell be by 2 expressions, and the polarization state during through second compensate film 14 is by 3 expressions.
Figure 12 shows the distribution of the transmittance of all radiation directions when attitude is deceived in demonstration on screen, wherein, and in the scope of scale; When attitude is deceived in demonstration; Transmittance is 0%～0.05%, and the part that surpasses 0.05% transmittance representes that with red color the low-transmittance part is with blue color showing.In this case, can find out, wide more at the blue portion at center, guarantee wideer visual angle more easily through the wideer visual angle of indication.
Therefore; Can find out; Figure 12 has shown the viewing angle compensation effect; This viewing angle compensation effect is presented at the viewing angle compensation better effects if of Fig. 9 of the transmittance on all radiation directions when being used for liquid crystal mode of the present invention when the Polarizer that will be used for in-plan switching liquid crystal display (I Plus Pol configuration, Tongwoo Fine Chemicals Co., Ltd., Korea S).
The 4th embodiment
Although the assembly of Fig. 1 (b) is range upon range of with the mode identical with the 3rd embodiment, prepare the blue phase liquid crystal LCD through second compensate film 14 that is employed in the thickness direction retardation (Rth) that postpones (R0) and 300nm in the face that has 2.0nm under the 589.3nm wavelength and interior first compensate film 24 that postpones the refractive index ratio (NZ) of (R0) and-5.9 of face with 55nm.
Figure 14 shows the distribution of the transmittance of all radiation directions when attitude is deceived in demonstration on screen.In this figure, can find out, can guarantee wide visual angle.Figure 15 demonstrates and goes up wavelength in reference viewing angle of the present invention (θ=60 ° and Φ=45 °) is that the polarization state of 550nm changes.
The 5th embodiment
Although the same, prepare the LCD that is used for blue phase liquid crystal through second compensate film 14 that is employed in the thickness direction retardation (Rth) that postpones (R0) and 141nm in the face that has 2.0nm under the 589.3nm wavelength and interior first compensate film 24 that postpones the refractive index ratio (NZ) of (R0) and-1.0 of face with 99nm with the configuration in first embodiment.
Show among Figure 16 that this is configured in the transmittance of all radiation directions.It is that the polarization state of 550nm changes that the reference viewing angle of the present invention (θ=60 ° and Φ=45 °) that is presented at Figure 17 goes up wavelength.
The 6th embodiment
Although the same, prepare the LCD that is used for blue phase liquid crystal through second compensate film 14 that is employed in the thickness direction retardation (Rth) that postpones (R0) and 110nm in the face that has 2nm under the 589.3nm wavelength and interior first compensate film 24 that postpones the refractive index ratio (NZ) of (R0) and-0.5 of face with 110nm with the configuration in first embodiment.
Show among Figure 18 that this is configured in the transmittance of all radiation directions.It is that the polarization state of 550nm changes that the reference viewing angle of the present invention (θ=60 ° and Φ=45 °) that is presented at Figure 19 goes up wavelength.
First comparative example
Although the same with the configuration in first embodiment, second compensate film 14 and first compensate film 24 that have general TAC optical property (postponing (R0) in the face is that 2nm and thickness direction retardation (Rth) are 52nm) through employing prepare the blue phase liquid crystal LCD.
The transmittance analog result of all radiation directions of this LCD is showed in Figure 20.Be illustrated in fig. 20 shown below, can find out, since high at the transmittance on black attitude medium dip surface, so the visual angle is narrow.
Second comparative example
Although the same with the configuration in first embodiment, first and second compensate films 14 and 24 (postpone (R0) in the face and be 2nm as 1nm and thickness direction retardation (Rth)) that have the 0-TAC that in in-plan switching liquid crystal display at a low price, uses through employing prepare the blue phase liquid crystal LCD.
The transmittance analog result of all radiation directions of this LCD is showed in Figure 21.Be illustrated in fig. 21 shown below, can find out, since high at the transmittance on black attitude medium dip surface, so the visual angle is narrow.
The 3rd comparative example
Although the same, prepare blue phase liquid crystal display through the slow axis 25 of first compensate film 24 being arranged to be perpendicular to one another with the absorption axes 22 of first polaroid 21 with the configuration in first embodiment.
The transmittance analog result of all radiation directions of this LCD is showed in Figure 22.Be illustrated in fig. 22 shown below, can find out, since high at the transmittance on black attitude medium dip surface, so the visual angle is narrow.
The 4th comparative example
Although the same with the configuration in first embodiment, first compensate film 24 of delay (R0) and-2.1 refractive index ratio (NZ) prepares the blue phase liquid crystal LCD in second compensate film 14 through using the thickness direction retardation (Rth) that postpones (R0) and 50nm in the face under wavelength 589.3nm, have 2nm and the face with 55nm.
The transmittance analog result of all radiation directions of this LCD is showed in Figure 23.Be illustrated in fig. 23 shown below, can find out, since high at the transmittance on black attitude medium dip surface, so the visual angle is narrow.
The 5th comparative example
Although the same with the configuration in first embodiment, first compensate film 24 of delay (R0) and-8 refractive index ratio (NZ) prepares the blue phase liquid crystal LCD in second compensate film 14 through using the thickness direction retardation (Rth) that postpones (R0) and 50nm in the face under wavelength 589.3nm, have 2nm and the face with 55nm.
The transmittance analog result of all light directions of this LCD is showed in Figure 24.Be illustrated in fig. 24 shown below, can find out, since high at the transmittance on black attitude medium dip surface, so the visual angle is narrow.
The 6th comparative example
Although the same with the configuration in first embodiment, first compensate film 24 of delay (R0) and-0.3 refractive index ratio (NZ) prepares the blue phase liquid crystal LCD in second compensate film 14 through using the thickness direction retardation (Rth) that postpones (R0) and 350nm in the face under wavelength 589.3nm, have 2nm and the face with 170nm.
The transmittance analog result of all light directions of this LCD is showed in Figure 25.Be illustrated in fig. 25 shown below, can find out, since high at the transmittance on black attitude medium dip surface, so the visual angle is narrow.
Industrial applicibility
As stated, the LCD of blue phase liquid crystal that is used for according to the present invention is because can provide wide visual angle, so need in other big screen LCD of high optical grade can be applied to.

Claims (9)

1. coupling Polarizer assembly, it comprises:
The first coupling Polarizer; And
The second coupling Polarizer,
Wherein, the said first coupling Polarizer and the second coupling Polarizer constitute according to each free compensate film of order, polaroid and diaphragm near liquid crystal,
The compensate film of the said first coupling Polarizer has the refractive index ratio (NZ) that postpones (R0) and-6.0 to-0.1 in 50 to 150nm the face, and its slow axis is parallel with the absorption axes of adjacent polaroid, and
The compensate film of the said second coupling Polarizer has the thickness direction retardation (Rth) that postpones (R0) and 80 to 310nm in 0 to 10nm the face.
2. coupling Polarizer assembly according to claim 1, wherein, the compensate film of the said first coupling Polarizer has the refractive index ratio (NZ) that postpones (R0) and-2.0 to-0.1 in 80 to 150nm the face.
3. coupling Polarizer assembly according to claim 1, wherein, the compensate film of the said first coupling Polarizer has the refractive index ratio (NZ) that postpones (R0) and-1.0 to-0.1 in 100 to 150nm the face.
4. coupling Polarizer assembly according to claim 1, wherein, the compensate film of the said second coupling Polarizer has the thickness direction retardation (Rth) that postpones (R0) and 80 to 200nm in 0 to 5nm the face.
5. coupling Polarizer assembly according to claim 1, wherein, the compensate film of the said second coupling Polarizer has the thickness direction retardation (Rth) that postpones (R0) and 80 to 140nm in 0 to 3nm the face.
6. coupling Polarizer assembly according to claim 1; Wherein, the compensate film of the said first coupling Polarizer and the second coupling Polarizer and diaphragm are independently by a kind of the processing that is selected among TAC (triacetyl cellulose), COP (cyclic olefin polymer), COC (cyclic olefine copolymer), PET (polyethylene terephthalate), PP (polypropylene), PC (polycarbonate), PSF (polysulfones) and the PMMA (polymethylmethacrylate).
7. blue facies model LCD, it comprises coupling Polarizer assembly and blue phase liquid crystal, said coupling Polarizer assembly comprises that the described first coupling Polarizer of claim 1 and the second coupling Polarizer are as last Polarizer and following Polarizer.
8. blue facies model LCD according to claim 7, wherein, said blue phase liquid crystal has optical isotropy when not applying electric field, and when applying electric field, has optical anisotropy.
9. blue facies model LCD according to claim 7, wherein, the maximum transmission rate on the direction of observation of pitch angle (θ=60 ° and Φ=45 °) is below 0.05%.
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