CN102414419B - 涡轮增压器 - Google Patents

涡轮增压器 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102414419B
CN102414419B CN201080017708.8A CN201080017708A CN102414419B CN 102414419 B CN102414419 B CN 102414419B CN 201080017708 A CN201080017708 A CN 201080017708A CN 102414419 B CN102414419 B CN 102414419B
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turbine
pallet
turbosupercharger
turbine cylinder
lining
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN201080017708.8A
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CN102414419A (zh
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S·雅各布
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BorgWarner Inc
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BorgWarner Inc
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
    • F02B37/12—Control of the pumps
    • F02B37/18—Control of the pumps by bypassing exhaust from the inlet to the outlet of turbine or to the atmosphere
    • F02B37/183—Arrangements of bypass valves or actuators therefor
    • F02B37/186—Arrangements of actuators or linkage for bypass valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
    • F02B37/12—Control of the pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D17/00—Regulating or controlling by varying flow
    • F01D17/10—Final actuators
    • F01D17/105—Final actuators by passing part of the fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories relating to, driven charging or scavenging pumps, not provided for in groups F02B33/00 - F02B37/00
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K1/00—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces
    • F16K1/16—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces with pivoted closure-members
    • F16K1/18—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces with pivoted closure-members with pivoted discs or flaps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K1/00—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces
    • F16K1/32—Details
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2220/00—Application
    • F05D2220/40—Application in turbochargers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2240/00—Components
    • F05D2240/55—Seals
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Abstract

本发明涉及一种具有废气门安排(6)的涡轮增压器(1)，在这种涡轮增压器中减少了在多级式涡轮增压器安排中调节瓣的引导件处的泄漏。涡轮增压器(1)包括一个压缩机(2)和一个涡轮机(3)。该涡轮机(3)包括一个涡轮机壳体(4)和一个废气门装置(6)，该涡轮机壳体具有一个涡轮机壳体出口(5)，并且该废气门装置具有一个调节瓣(7)。该调节瓣(7)是安排在一个调节瓣轴(9)上，该调节瓣轴在涡轮机壳体(4)中是通过一个衬套(8)来引导的。该衬套(8)配备有一个在其内圆周上形成的环形槽(11)，该环形槽(11)通过至少一个连接孔(12，13)连接到一个环形收集槽(14)上，该环形收集槽是提供在涡轮机壳体(3)中的并且该环形收集槽通过一个减压孔(15)连接到涡轮机壳体出口(5)上。

Description

涡轮增压器
技术领域
本发明涉及根据权利要求1的前序部分的一种涡轮增压器。
背景技术
从EP 1256703B1中已知一种属类的涡轮增压器。
具有所述类型的涡轮增压器被使用在内燃发动机中，该内燃发动机在宽广的运行范围上将大量排气转向经过涡轮机。在具有所谓废气门安排的排气涡轮增压器的已知设计中会发生密封问题，这是因为在调节瓣轴的外圆周与其引导件之间会发生排气泄漏，排气泄漏的程度取决于该调节瓣的布置以及排气压力的水平。在单级式系统的情况中，该调节瓣被安排在涡轮机出口处并且因此涡轮机出口下游的排气压力在瓣引导件处占主导，这样使得由于相对于环境占主导的压力差而仅出现少量的泄漏。在当前现有技术中，在多级式增压的情况下，如果该调节瓣被安排在涡轮机入口处，就会在该调节瓣引导件处达到一个特别高的排气压力，这是因为在涡轮机叶轮上游占主导的高的排气压力在此起作用。例如在两级式系统的低压涡轮机中出现的情况就是这样，因为该低压涡轮机的入口配备有一个调节瓣，该调节瓣构成了该高压涡轮机的一个旁路。为了使向外进入环境中的排气泄漏最小化，通过在该瓣轴与安排在涡轮机壳体中的一个衬套之间彼此前后地安排的多个活塞环来在调节瓣引导件处提供这样的一个调节瓣的密封。
发明内容
因此本发明的目的是提供根据权利要求1的前序部分的、用于内燃发动机的一种涡轮增压器，该涡轮增压器在具有多级式增压的同时减少了在该调节瓣引导件处的泄漏并且由此能够改进密封作用。
所述目的是通过权利要求1的这些特征来实现的。
从属权利要求2至4涉及本发明的多种有利改进。
因此，在多级式增压安排的一个低压增压器中，因此在该低压涡轮机壳体与衬套外圆周区域中的涡轮机壳体的一个环形槽之间安排了一个减压孔。该衬套在其内圆周中、在涡轮机壳体环形槽的位置处同样具有一个环形槽。此处，这两个环形槽通过至少一个连接孔而彼此连接
附图说明
从以下基于附图的多个示例性实施方案的说明中将显现出本发明的进一步的细节、优点和特征，在附图中：
图1示出了一个排气涡轮增压器的透视的切开图；
图2示出了衬套与调节瓣轴的细节展示；并且
图3示出了根据本发明的排气涡轮增压器的废气门装置的细节图示。
具体实施方式
基于对图1至图3并列的描述，以下将对根据本发明的排气涡轮增压器1进行详细说明。
图1展示了一个排气涡轮增压器1，该排气涡轮增压器包括一个压缩机2和一个涡轮机3。涡轮机3具有一个涡轮机壳体4，该涡轮机壳体包括一个涡轮机壳体出口5、以及一个废气门装置6，该废气门装置包括一个调节瓣7。
如从图3中可以具体看出的，调节瓣7是安排在一个调节瓣轴9上的，该调节瓣轴在涡轮机壳体4中是通过一个衬套8来引导的。
衬套8配备有一个在其内圆周10上形成的环形槽11，如在图2中所展示的。该环形槽11通过至少一个连接孔(该实例中的两个连接孔12、13)连接到一个环形收集槽14上，该环形收集槽是在涡轮机壳体3中提供的。该环形收集槽14通过一个减压孔15连接到涡轮机壳体出口5上。
因为在图2中所展示的这些连接孔12、13减少了向外进入环境中的泄漏，在这种安排中有利的是提供了多个连接孔12、13。因此在多级式涡轮增压器安排的示例性情况中，因此提供了四个连接孔，其中的这些连接孔12、13在图2中是可见的。此外，已经通过这些连接孔减少了排气压力的结果是，使之有可能在调节瓣轴9与衬套8之间提供仅仅一个单个的活塞环16，其结果是相对于现有技术减少了活塞环的数量，这有助于减少成本。
为补充以上披露，特此明确地提及在本发明图1至图3中的图示说明。
参考号清单
1      涡轮增压器/排气涡轮增压器
2      压缩机
3      涡轮机
4      涡轮机壳体
5      涡轮机壳体出口
6      废气门装置
7      调节瓣
8      衬套
9      调节瓣轴
10     内圆周
11     环形槽
12，13 连接孔
14     环形收集槽
15     减压孔
16     活塞环

Claims (1)

1.一种涡轮增压器（1）
-具有一个压缩机（2），并且
-具有一个涡轮机（3），该涡轮机被设计成一个多级式涡轮增压器安排的一个低压涡轮机，
·具有一个涡轮机壳体（4），该涡轮机壳体具有一个涡轮机壳体出口（5），并且
·具有一个废气门装置（6），该废气门装置具有一个调节瓣（7），该调节瓣被安排在一个调节瓣轴（9）上，该调节瓣轴在该涡轮机壳体（4）中是通过一个衬套（8）来引导的，
其中
-该衬套（8）配备有在其内圆周（10）上形成的一个环形槽（11），该环形槽（11）通过至少一个连接孔（12，13）连接到一个环形收集槽（14）上，该环形收集槽是提供在该涡轮机壳体（3）中的并且该环形收集槽通过至少一个减压孔（15）连接至该涡轮机壳体出口（5）。
2. 如权利要求1所述的涡轮增压器（1），其中提供了多个连接孔（12，13）。
3. 如权利要求1所述的涡轮增压器（1），其特征在于提供了四个连接孔（12，13）。
4. 如权利要求1至3之一所述的涡轮增压器（1），其中在该调节瓣轴（9）与衬套（8）之间提供了一个单个的活塞环（16）。
CN201080017708.8A 2009-05-18 2010-05-11 涡轮增压器 Expired - Fee Related CN102414419B (zh)

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DE102009021739 2009-05-18
DE102009021739.8 2009-05-18
PCT/US2010/034294 WO2010135102A2 (en) 2009-05-18 2010-05-11 Turbocharger

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US (1) US9097177B2 (zh)
KR (1) KR101639347B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN102414419B (zh)
BR (1) BRPI1014985A2 (zh)
DE (1) DE112010002020T5 (zh)
WO (1) WO2010135102A2 (zh)

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