CN102411043A - Leaching device used in vertical transfer of pollutants in soil - Google Patents
Leaching device used in vertical transfer of pollutants in soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN102411043A CN102411043A CN2011103946948A CN201110394694A CN102411043A CN 102411043 A CN102411043 A CN 102411043A CN 2011103946948 A CN2011103946948 A CN 2011103946948A CN 201110394694 A CN201110394694 A CN 201110394694A CN 102411043 A CN102411043 A CN 102411043A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a leaching device used in vertical transfer of pollutants in soil. The leaching device comprises a spray nozzle, a water flow meter, a leaching column for holding an experimental earth pillar and a percolate accommodating container, wherein, the leaching column is internally provided with at least two filter layers capable of filtering leaching liquid, a filter layer structure is respectively arranged on the upper and lower ends of the experimental earth pillar, and each filter layer is provided with a filter screen layer, a filter bulb layer and a filter paper layer; and in addition, the height of the leaching column body is 90cm-150cm, and the inner diameter of the cross section of the column body is 5cm-15cm. The leaching device has the advantages that on the basis of the large axial size of the leaching column, vertical transfer of the pollutants in the profile of the deeper soil can be simulated; by setting the water flow meter, the flow velocity and flow rate of injection water can be accurately controlled; by setting the upper filter layer, the injection water can be uniformly sprayed; and by setting the lower filter layer, the filter effect can be ensured and percolate can be timely and effectively discharged.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the experimental provision of pollutants transfer in a kind of testing soil, be meant a kind of leaching device of pollutant in soil vertical migration especially.
Background technology
Soil is material base and the environmental baseline that the mankind depend on for existence and development.Along with industrial pollution aggravation, the continuing to increase of agricultural chemicals amount of application, soil pollution is serious day by day.Soil pollution not only causes the food-safety problem of agricultural product, can also pass through the eluviation polluted underground water, and then jeopardizes human beings'health and life through food chain.
Be control and administer soil pollution, the demand of the simulated experiment of relevant pollutants transfer, leaching and trans-utilization gets more and more.Indoor soil-column leaching simulated experiment is as the normal experiment method, and is comparatively ripe through technical research for many years, but the physical dimension of experiment earth pillar is still waiting to improve with accurate control water.Existing earth pillar leaching simulated experiment equipment can be divided into horizontal leaching, vertically three kinds of leaching and two-way leachings; For vertical leaching equipment; Most of indoor soil-column because of the axial dimension of column structure fall short of (usually less than 70cm) lack representatively, can't simulate the vertical migration of pollutant in the darker soil profile.Secondly, traditional earth pillar experiment owing to rarely have the dealer at the water filling port position of leaching equipment high-precision flowmeter to be installed, causes water filling flow velocity and overall control precision not high.Moreover leaching device top can make water filling inhomogeneous if the structure that aqueous dispersion is filtered is not set, and the destruction that can cause soil body physical propertys such as soil density, hydraulic conductivity.
So the deviser develops a kind of leaching device of new pollutant in soil vertical migration in view of the foregoing.
Summary of the invention
The leaching device that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of pollutant in soil vertical migration, especially a kind of vertical scale be long, that can accurately control water filling flow velocity and flow, the even leaching device of water filling.Above-mentioned purpose realizes through following technical scheme:
The present invention provides a kind of leaching device of pollutant in soil vertical migration, and it comprises:
One shower nozzle, this shower nozzle top has a water inlet, and this water inlet is connected with a water source; The leaching post of the hollow of one ability splendid attire experiment earth pillar, this leaching post is seated in the below of said shower nozzle, and corresponding with this shower nozzle, and this leaching post below has a water delivering orifice; The inside of said leaching device also is provided with at least two filtering layers that can filter leachate.
Aforesaid leaching device also comprises a percolate bearing container, places the below of the water delivering orifice of said leaching post; The filtering layer of this leaching device comprises one and is positioned at the last filtering layer of testing the earth pillar top, and one is positioned at the following filtering layer of testing the earth pillar bottom; And be connected with a water ga(u)ge between the water inlet of said shower nozzle and this water source.
Aforesaid leaching device, this leaching post be up and down shape of cross section identical have a uncovered open column shape structure of going up, the bottom of leaching post is a funnel shaped reducing, this reducing and described water delivering orifice connect.
Aforesaid leaching device; Should go up filtering layer and comprise that one directly was arranged at the last filter paper layer of experiment earth pillar upper surface; Put on the last filter paper layer have one be stacked into by a plurality of filter bulbs on the filter bulb layer, be provided with a upward filtration stratum reticulare in shower nozzle inside, this upward filtration stratum reticulare is positioned at above the filter bulb layer; This time filtering layer comprises filter mesh layer; This lower filter screen layer is fastened on the reducing top of said leaching post; Above the lower filter screen layer, be equipped with filter paper layer; On following filter paper layer, be provided with the following filter bulb layer that is stacked into by a plurality of filter bulbs, this time filter bulb layer contacts with the lower surface of said experiment earth pillar.
Aforesaid leaching device, the described filter paper layer that goes up includes at least one metafiltration paper with following filter paper layer, and the shape of cross section of the shape of this filter paper and leaching post adapts; Described upward filtration stratum reticulare and lower filter screen layer include at least one filter screen, and each filter screen all has a plurality of mesh that pass for liquid; The said end face of going up the filter bulb layer is lower than the last uncovered of this leaching post.
Aforesaid leaching device, the diameter of each filter bulb in this upper and lower filter bulb layer is between 0.4 centimetre to 0.6 centimetre.
Aforesaid leaching device, the mesh aperture of this each filter screen is between 0.1 centimetre to 0.3 centimetre.
Aforesaid leaching device, the water inlet of this water source and water ga(u)ge, this water ga(u)ge and shower nozzle is connected by the aqueduct of latex material, and the water delivering orifice of this leaching post is equipped with the aqueduct of latex material; And this water ga(u)ge is a LZB-3WB type tiny flow quantity glass rotors water ga(u)ge, and its measurement range is 0.6～6 milliliter of per minute.
Aforesaid leaching device, the trunk portion of this leaching post is divided into cylindrical structure, and the height of leaching post cylinder is between 90 centimetres to 150 centimetres, and the cross sectional inner diameter of leaching post cylinder is between 5 centimetres to 15 centimetres.
Aforesaid leaching device, this leaching post, filter screen and filter bulb are the organic glass material.
By the present invention that above technical scheme realized, its advantage is,
1. should go up the setting of filtering layer, can make twice dispersion of water filling, make spray evenly, leaching is more accurate, and the upper strata soil body of having protected the experiment earth pillar is not by erosion;
2. this time filter paper layer can be filtered percolate, and following filter bulb layer has strengthened filter effect through isolating soil and filter paper, has guaranteed the low impurity property of percolate; The lower filter screen layer can make percolate discharge timely and effectively, makes not ponding of experiment earth pillar bottom, has protected experiment earth pillar lower floor physical property;
3. this leaching post column length 110cm, internal diameter 8cm had both reduced the influence of pollutant level migration, also can simulate the vertical migration of pollutant in the darker soil profile.
4. the setting of this water ga(u)ge makes the leaching device can accurately control the flow velocity and the flow of water filling, and experimental precision is had further lifting.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1: structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2: experiment frame synoptic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3: filtering layer partial structurtes synoptic diagram down of the present invention.
The main element label declaration:
1 shower nozzle, 11 water inlets
Filtering layer on the 2 leaching posts 21
Filter bulb layer on the 211 upward filtration stratum reticulares 212
22 times filtering layers of filter paper layer on 213
222 times filter bulb layer of 221 lower filter screen layers
223 times filter paper layer 23 experiment earth pillars
24 reducings, 25 water delivering orifices
3 water ga(u)ges, 4 percolate bearing containers
5 water storing tank B filter bulbs
6 experiment frames, 61 planks
62 mounting holes, 63 angle iron frames
Embodiment
Have more complete and clearly exposure for making technological means of the present invention, goal of the invention and reaching effect,, and please consult accompanying drawing and element numbers in the lump now in detailed description down.
Please at first consult Fig. 1, be the leaching device of a kind of pollutant in soil vertical migration of the present invention, it comprises:
One shower nozzle 1, this shower nozzle 1 top has a water inlet 11, and this water inlet 11 is connected with a water source, and in the present embodiment, this water source is a water storing tank 5, is connected with a water ga(u)ge 3 between the water inlet 11 of said shower nozzle 1 and this water storing tank 5;
One can splendid attire the leaching post 2 of hollow of experiment earth pillar 23, this leaching post 2 be up and down shape of cross section identical have a uncovered open column shape structure of going up; This leaching post 2 is seated in the below of said shower nozzle 1, and is corresponding with this shower nozzle 1, and these leaching post 2 belows have a water delivering orifice 25, and the bottom of leaching post 2 is a funnel shaped reducing 24, and this reducing 24 connects with described water delivering orifice 25;
One percolate bearing container 4 places the below of the water delivering orifice 25 of said leaching post 2; The inside of said leaching device also is provided with at least two filtering layers that can filter leachate.
In the present embodiment, the inside of leaching device is provided with two these filtering layers.Wherein a filtering layer is the last filtering layer 21 that is positioned at experiment earth pillar top, and another filtering layer is the following filtering layer 22 that is positioned at experiment earth pillar bottom;
Should go up filtering layer 21 and comprise that one directly was arranged at the last filter paper layer 213 of experiment earth pillar 23 upper surfaces; Put on the last filter paper layer 213 have one be stacked into by a plurality of filter bulb B on filter bulb layer 212; Be provided with a upward filtration stratum reticulare 211 in shower nozzle 1 inside, this upward filtration stratum reticulare 211 is positioned at filter bulb layer 212 top;
Please consult shown in Figure 3 in the lump; This time filtering layer 22 comprises filter mesh layer 221; This lower filter screen layer 221 is fastened on reducing 24 tops of said leaching post 2; Above lower filter screen layer 221, be equipped with filter paper layer 223, on following filter paper layer 223, be provided with the following filter bulb layer 222 that is stacked into by a plurality of filter bulb B, this time filter bulb layer 222 contacts with the lower surface of said experiment earth pillar 23.
The described filter paper layer 213 that goes up includes at least one metafiltration paper with following filter paper layer 223; In the present embodiment; Should go up filter paper layer 213 and all only have one deck filter paper with following filter paper layer 223, the shape of cross section of the shape of this filter paper and leaching post 2 adapts, and this filter paper is fast qualitative filter paper;
Described upward filtration stratum reticulare 211 includes at least one filter screen with lower filter screen layer 221; In the present embodiment; This upward filtration stratum reticulare 211 all only has one deck filter screen with lower filter screen layer 221, and each filter screen all has a plurality of mesh that pass for liquid, and the aperture of this mesh is between 1 millimeter to 3 millimeters; In the present embodiment, this each filter screen has 30-40 mesh, and the aperture is 1.5 millimeters.
The said end face of going up filter bulb layer 212 is lower than the last uncovered of this leaching post 2; The diameter of each filter bulb B in this upper and lower filter bulb layer 212,222 is between 0.4 centimetre to 0.6 centimetre, and the filter bulb B diameter that is adopted in the present embodiment is 0.5 centimetre.
The water inlet 11 of above-mentioned water storing tank 5 and water ga(u)ge 3, water ga(u)ge 3 and shower nozzle 1 is connected by the aqueduct of latex material, and the water delivering orifice 25 of this leaching post 2 is equipped with the aqueduct of latex material; And this water ga(u)ge 3 is a LZB-3WB type tiny flow quantity glass rotors water ga(u)ge, and its measurement range is 0.6～6 milliliter of per minute, and accuracy class is 2.5, can accurately control flow velocity and flow.
The height of above-mentioned leaching post 2 cylinders is between 90 centimetres to 150 centimetres, the cross sectional inner diameter of leaching post 2 cylinders between 5 centimetres to 15 centimetres, in the present embodiment, 110 centimetres of leaching post 2 height of column, 8 centimetres of cross sectional inner diameter.
Above-mentioned leaching post 2, each filter screen and each filter bulb B are the organic glass material.
This use is novel through following step assembling and application:
Please consult shown in Figure 2ly in the lump, be experiment frame synoptic diagram of the present invention.The present invention is erected on the erecting frame 6; Erecting frame 6 has an angle iron frame 63 and three layers of plank 61; Wherein the lower two layers plank has some groups of mounting holes 62, when mounted, at first pulls down the plank 61 of top layer; Some leaching device correspondences of the present invention are inserted in each group mounting hole 62; Wherein each mounting hole 62 on the orlop plank 61 can block leaching post 2 reducings 24 of this each leaching device just, to reach the support locating effect, under the correspondence of leaching post 2 water delivering orifices 25 of each leaching device, places a percolate bearing container 4 more respectively; Cover the plank 61 of top layer afterwards; The water storing tank 5 that the capacity of will packing into is tested required solution is seated on the plank 61 of top layer; Water inlet 11 with water storing tank 5, flowmeter 3 and shower nozzle 1 is communicated with through emulsion tube again; The flow velocity of setting flowmeter 3 is 3 ml/min, under 25 ℃ of conditions, carries out the leaching migration experiment of pollutant in soil.
When the leaching liquid flowmeter of flowing through,, when staying, shower nozzle at first, is showered into again on the filter bulb layer with certain flow velocity through the shunting of upward filtration stratum reticulare, and the shunting once more of filter bulb layer flow to filter paper layer on process, and earth pillar is tested in inflow again; After leaching liquid is through the experiment earth pillar; Meeting is through the filtration of filter paper layer down; Import the percolate bearing container, and this time filter bulb layer has certain altitude, can guarantee that the soil of testing earth pillar does not directly contact with following filter paper layer; Guaranteed the filter effect of time filter paper layer, a plurality of mesh of this lower filter screen layer can make percolate discharge timely and effectively simultaneously.
The percolate of getting at regular intervals in the percolate bearing container detects, and changes the percolate bearing container simultaneously.After leaching finishes, smash glass column and layering collection soil sample, 100 mesh sieves are crossed in the air-dry back of room temperature, carry out analyzing and testing then, through data analysis and with native soil in the contrast of pollutant load, find out the leaching migration rule of pollutant in soil.
The above is merely the schematic embodiment of the present invention, is not in order to limit scope of the present invention.Any those skilled in the art, equivalent variations of under the prerequisite that does not break away from design of the present invention and principle, having done and modification all should belong to the scope that the present invention protects.
Claims (10)
1. the leaching device of a pollutant in soil vertical migration, it comprises:
One shower nozzle, this shower nozzle top has a water inlet, and this water inlet is connected with a water source;
The leaching post of the hollow of one ability splendid attire experiment earth pillar, this leaching post is seated in the below of said shower nozzle, and corresponding with this shower nozzle, and this leaching post below has a water delivering orifice;
It is characterized in that the inside of said leaching device also is provided with at least two filtering layers that can filter leachate.
2. leaching device according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
Said leaching device comprises a percolate bearing container, places the below of the water delivering orifice of said leaching post;
The filtering layer of said leaching device comprises one and is positioned at the last filtering layer of testing the earth pillar top, and one is positioned at the following filtering layer of testing the earth pillar bottom; And
Be connected with a water ga(u)ge between the water inlet of said shower nozzle and this water source.
3. leaching device according to claim 1 and 2; It is characterized in that; Described leaching post be up and down shape of cross section identical have a uncovered open column shape structure of going up, the bottom of leaching post is a funnel shaped reducing, this reducing and described water delivering orifice connect.
4. leaching device according to claim 3 is characterized in that:
Should go up filtering layer and comprise that one directly was arranged at the last filter paper layer of experiment earth pillar upper surface, storing on the last filter paper layer have one be stacked into by a plurality of filter bulbs on the filter bulb layer, be provided with a upward filtration stratum reticulare in shower nozzle inside, this upward filtration stratum reticulare is positioned at above the filter bulb layer;
This time filtering layer comprises filter mesh layer; This lower filter screen layer is fastened on the reducing top of said leaching post; Above the lower filter screen layer, be equipped with filter paper layer; On following filter paper layer, be provided with the following filter bulb layer that is stacked into by a plurality of filter bulbs, this time filter bulb layer contacts with the lower surface of said experiment earth pillar.
5. leaching device according to claim 4 is characterized in that:
The described filter paper layer that goes up includes at least one metafiltration paper with following filter paper layer, and the shape of cross section of the shape of this filter paper and leaching post adapts; Described upward filtration stratum reticulare and lower filter screen layer include at least one filter screen, and each filter screen all has a plurality of mesh that pass for liquid; The said end face of going up the filter bulb layer is lower than the last uncovered of this leaching post.
6. leaching device according to claim 4 is characterized in that, the diameter of each filter bulb in this upper and lower filter bulb layer is between 0.4 centimetre to 0.6 centimetre.
7. leaching device according to claim 5 is characterized in that, the mesh aperture of this each filter screen is between 0.1 centimetre to 0.3 centimetre.
8. leaching device according to claim 2 is characterized in that, the water inlet of this water source and water ga(u)ge, this water ga(u)ge and shower nozzle is connected by the aqueduct of latex material, and the water delivering orifice of this leaching post is equipped with the aqueduct of latex material; And this water ga(u)ge is a LZB-3WB type tiny flow quantity glass rotors water ga(u)ge, and its measurement range is 0.6～6 milliliter of per minute.
9. leaching device according to claim 3 is characterized in that the trunk portion of this leaching post is divided into cylindrical structure, and the height of leaching post cylinder is between 90 centimetres to 150 centimetres, and the cross sectional inner diameter of leaching post cylinder is between 5 centimetres to 15 centimetres.
10. leaching device according to claim 5 is characterized in that, this leaching post, filter screen and filter bulb are the organic glass material.
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| CN102707035A (en) * | 2012-06-28 | 2012-10-03 | 长安大学 | Fully-automatic earth pillar leaching experiment device |
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Application publication date: 20120411 |