CN106979922A - Soil eluviation post and soil eluviation simulation system - Google Patents
Soil eluviation post and soil eluviation simulation system Download PDFInfo
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- CN106979922A CN106979922A CN201710329324.3A CN201710329324A CN106979922A CN 106979922 A CN106979922 A CN 106979922A CN 201710329324 A CN201710329324 A CN 201710329324A CN 106979922 A CN106979922 A CN 106979922A
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 157
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 39
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 35
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000877 morphologic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 24
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 23
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000002572 peristaltic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003911 water pollution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 P elements Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000003484 anatomy Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrate group Chemical group [N+](=O)([O-])[O-] NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000618 nitrogen fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N17/00—Investigating resistance of materials to the weather, to corrosion, or to light
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/10—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of soil eluviation post and soil eluviation simulation system, is related to soil investigation technical field, and the technical problem of different underground water SEA LEVEL VARIATIONs influence soil eluviation processes can not be simulated to improve existing device.The soil eluviation post that the present invention is provided includes the first cylinder and the second cylinder for communicating therewith, and the intersection of the first cylinder and the second cylinder is provided with boundary porous barrier；First cylinder is used to inject simulated groundwater, and the second cylinder is used for filling soil；Intake is provided with the different height of first cylinder, the bottom of the second cylinder is provided with water outlet porous barrier and water outlet filter membrane and connection leaching liquor collecting tank.The present invention can provide scientific method to dissect Leaching, Morphological Transitions and the spatial distribution characteristic of different groundwater level Soil Under Conditions compositions, significant for guiding agricultural production and farmland pollution preventing and controlling.Present invention is mainly applied in the manufacturing of soil eluviation post and soil eluviation simulation system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to soil investigation technical field, simulated in particular to a kind of soil eluviation post and soil eluviation
System.
Background technology
Underground water as industry, agricultural and urbanite water consumption important sources, its quality condition to socio-economic development and
The healthy important of resident.China is large agricultural country, is also in the world using one of most country of chemical fertilizer.In agriculture
The nitrogenous fertilizer applied in industry production process, only 30-40% are absorbed by crops utilization, and remaining major part passes through runoff, leaching, volatilization
Natural environment is retained in etc. various approach, wherein, leaching process is to cause underground water (particularly phreatic water) nitrogen content
An exceeded key factor, has a strong impact on water environment health, limits Chinese society sustainable development.
At present, all there is Nitrate Leaching Loss From Soil and underground water pollution in most of agricultural planting area of China.Underground water
Situation is to influence one of key factor of soil eluviation process (Nitrogen Leaching), and soil eluviation process is to trigger underground water dirty
One of important sources of dye, it is seen that have close interaction machine between both underground water pollution and soil eluviation process situation
System.In the prior art, the research on soil eluviation process is based on " waterpower " influence factor, existing soil eluviation simulation system
System generally studies soil eluviation process in the way of " overlying water " (such as rainfall or irrigation) is eluted.
However, existing device, which can not simulate different underground water SEA LEVEL VARIATIONs, influences the process of soil eluviations, it is not easy to pair
Total Nitrogen leaching loss process caused by groundwater level change is studied, therefore how to provide a kind of soil eluviation post and soil
Leaching simulation system, can be used in the Total Nitrogen leaching loss process that the change of experimental simulation groundwater level triggers, so as to be soil
Leaching process and to underground water pollution control provide theoretical foundation, simultaneously for guiding agricultural production and farmland pollution preventing and treating have
Significance.
In view of this, it is special to propose the present invention.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of soil eluviation post and soil eluviation simulation system, to improve existing device
Different underground water SEA LEVEL VARIATIONs, which can not be simulated, influences the technical problem of soil eluviation process.
In order to realize the above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, spy uses following technical scheme：
The present invention provides a kind of soil eluviation post, including the first cylinder and the second cylinder for communicating therewith, first post
The intersection of body and second cylinder is provided with boundary porous barrier；First cylinder is used to inject simulated groundwater,
Second cylinder is used for filling soil；Intake is provided with the different height of first cylinder, second cylinder
Bottom is provided with water outlet porous barrier and filter membrane and connection leaching liquor collecting tank.
Specifically, the intersection of first cylinder and second cylinder is disposed adjacent with the boundary porous barrier
There is sideboard, the sideboard is used to opening or closing the boundary porous barrier.
Further, it is provided with the top of second cylinder into water porous barrier and water inlet filter membrane.
Further, it is provided with scale on first cylinder.
Alternatively, it is provided with scale on second cylinder.
Further, first cylinder is L-type structure and bottom surface is plane, first cylinder and described second
The cross section of cylinder is rectangle.
Compared with prior art, the soil eluviation post that the present invention is provided has following advantage：
The present invention provides a kind of soil eluviation post, including the first cylinder and the second cylinder for communicating therewith, the first cylinder with
The intersection of second cylinder is provided with boundary porous barrier；First cylinder is used to inject simulated groundwater, and the second cylinder is used for
Filling soil；Be provided with intake at the different height of first cylinder, the bottom of the second cylinder be provided with water outlet porous barrier and
Water outlet filter membrane and connection leaching liquor collecting tank.Thus analysis is understood, in the soil eluviation post that provides of the present invention, due to including the
The intersection of one cylinder and the second cylinder communicated therewith, the first cylinder and the second cylinder is provided with boundary porous barrier, because
This into the first cylinder by injecting after simulated groundwater to expected height of water level, and simulated groundwater flows through boundary porous barrier
Carry out backwash from the bottom to top to the soil in the second cylinder afterwards, it is this in the way of " lower to soak " to the soil in the second cylinder
The process eluted, being capable of scientifically influence of the simulated groundwater to soil eluviation process；Further, since the first cylinder is not
With intake is provided with height, the bottom of the second cylinder is provided with water outlet porous barrier and water outlet filter membrane and connection leaching liquor
Collecting tank, therefore, it is possible to by the intake taken at regular intervals water sample of different height, while water outlet porous barrier and water outlet filter membrane energy
Enough avoid soil losses and allow leaching liquor to flow through, then by leaching liquor collecting tank taken at regular intervals soil eluviation liquid, then to sample
Product are detected and data analysis；Compared with prior art, the soil eluviation post that the present invention is provided can be as needed to first
The simulated groundwater of injection different height in cylinder, therefore, it is possible to realize the soil eluviation under the conditions of the different groundwater levels of simulation
Process, by detecting accordingly and data analysis, to dissect Leaching, the shape of different groundwater level Soil Under Conditions compositions
State changes provides scientific method with spatial distribution characteristic, has important meaning for guiding agricultural production and farmland pollution preventing and controlling
Justice.
The present invention also provides a kind of soil eluviation simulation system, including above-mentioned soil eluviation post, in addition to the soil
The simulated groundwater feeding mechanism that the first cylinder top of leaching post passes through pipeline connection.
The soil eluviation simulation system that the present invention is provided is excellent relative to what prior art had with above-mentioned soil eluviation post
Gesture is identical；In addition, soil eluviation simulation system of the present invention can carry out the setting of different Features of Shallow Groundwater height, complete to become
The simulated experiment of soil eluviation process under the conditions of water level, with stronger practicality and generality.
Specifically, the simulated groundwater feeding mechanism includes the first casing, the first pump and the first fluid flowmeter；It is described
First casing is used to hold to set described first on simulated groundwater, the pipeline between first casing and first cylinder
Pump and first fluid flowmeter.
Alternatively, described soil eluviation simulation system also includes the second cylinder top with the soil eluviation post
Pass through the simulation fertilizer solution feeding mechanism of pipeline connection；The simulation fertilizer solution feeding mechanism includes the second casing, second
Pump and second liquid flowmeter；Second casing is used to hold simulation fertilizer solution, second casing and second post
Second pump and the second liquid flowmeter are set on the pipeline between body.
Further, the soil eluviation simulation system also includes support frame；Support frame as described above is wrapped successively from the bottom to top
Base, support bar and geometrical clamp are included, the geometrical clamp is used to clamp the soil eluviation post.
Brief description of the drawings
, below will be to specific in order to illustrate more clearly of the specific embodiment of the invention or technical scheme of the prior art
The accompanying drawing used required in embodiment or description of the prior art is briefly described, it should be apparent that, in describing below
Accompanying drawing is some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, is not paying the premise of creative work
Under, other accompanying drawings can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of soil eluviation post provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the positive structure diagram of boundary porous barrier in Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is the overlooking the structure diagram of boundary porous barrier in Fig. 1；
Fig. 4 is a kind of structural representation of soil eluviation simulation system provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of another soil eluviation simulation system provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Icon：The cylinders of 001- first；The cylinders of 002- second；003- boundary porous barriers；011- intakes；021- water outlets
Porous barrier；022- water outlet filter membranes；004- leaching liquor collecting tanks；031- through holes；032- is raised；005- sideboards；023- enters
Water porous barrier；024- water inlet filter membranes；006- simulated groundwater feeding mechanisms；The casings of 061- first；The pumps of 062- first；063-
One fluid flowmeter；007- simulates fertilizer solution feeding mechanism；The casings of 071- second；The pumps of 072- second；073- second liquid streams
Gauge；008- support frames；081- bases；082- support bars；083- geometrical clamps.
Embodiment
Technical scheme is clearly and completely described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, it is clear that described implementation
Example is a part of embodiment of the invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, ordinary skill
The every other embodiment that personnel are obtained under the premise of creative work is not made, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
In the description of the invention, it is necessary to explanation, term " in ", " on ", " under ", " vertical ", " interior ", the finger such as " outer "
The orientation or position relationship shown is, based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relationship, to be for only for ease of the description present invention and simplify
Description, rather than indicate or imply that the device or element of meaning must have specific orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and behaviour
Make, therefore be not considered as limiting the invention.In addition, term " first ", " second " are only used for describing purpose, and it can not manage
Solve to indicate or imply relative importance.
In the description of the invention, it is necessary to which explanation, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " connection " should be done
It broadly understood, for example, it may be being fixedly connected or being detachably connected, or be integrally connected；Can mechanically connect,
It can also be electrical connection；Can be joined directly together, can also be indirectly connected to by intermediary, can be two element internals
Connection.For the ordinary skill in the art, it can understand that above-mentioned term in the present invention specific contains with concrete condition
Justice.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of soil eluviation post provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
According to an aspect of the present invention, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of soil eluviation post, as shown in figure 1, including the
The intersection of one cylinder 001 and the second cylinder 002 communicated therewith, the first cylinder 001 and the second cylinder 002 is provided with boundary
Porous barrier 003；First cylinder 001 is used to inject simulated groundwater, and the second cylinder 002 is used for filling soil；First cylinder 001
Different height at be provided with intake 011, the bottom of the second cylinder 002 is provided with water outlet porous barrier 021 and water outlet filter membrane
022 and connection leaching liquor collecting tank 004.
In the present invention, soil eluviation process refers to current by effects such as dissolving, aquation, hydrolysis or carbonatings, makes in soil
Fractions enter in water and the process taken away by current.
Compared with prior art, soil eluviation post provided in an embodiment of the present invention has following advantage：
As shown in figure 1, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of soil eluviation post, including the first cylinder 001 and communicate therewith
The intersection of second cylinder 002, the first cylinder 001 and the second cylinder 002 is provided with boundary porous barrier 003；First cylinder
001 is used to inject simulated groundwater, and the second cylinder 002 is used for filling soil；It is provided with and takes at the different height of first cylinder 001
The mouth of a river 011, the bottom of the second cylinder 002 is provided with water outlet porous barrier 021 and water outlet filter membrane 022 and connection leaching liquor is collected
Groove 004.Thus analysis is understood, in soil eluviation post provided in an embodiment of the present invention, due to connecting including the first cylinder 001 and with it
The intersection of the second logical cylinder 002, the first cylinder 001 and the second cylinder 002 is provided with boundary porous barrier 003, therefore
By being injected into the first cylinder 001 after simulated groundwater to expected height of water level, simulated groundwater flow through boundary it is porous every
Carry out backwash from the bottom to top after plate 003 to the soil in the second cylinder 002, it is this in the way of " lower to soak " to the second cylinder
The process that soil in 002 is eluted, being capable of scientifically influence of the simulated groundwater to soil eluviation process；Further, since
Intake 011 is provided with the different height of first cylinder 001, the bottom of the second cylinder 002 is provided with water outlet porous barrier 021
With water outlet filter membrane 022 and connection leaching liquor collecting tank 004, therefore, it is possible to pass through the taken at regular intervals water of intake 011 of different height
Sample, while water outlet porous barrier 021 and water outlet filter membrane 022 can avoid soil losses and allow leaching liquor to flow through, then by drenching
The taken at regular intervals soil eluviation liquid of solution collecting tank 004, is then detected and data analysis to sample；Compared with prior art,
Soil eluviation post provided in an embodiment of the present invention can inject the simulation underground of different height into the first cylinder 001 as needed
Water, therefore, it is possible to realize the soil eluviation process under the conditions of different groundwater levels simulated, by detecting accordingly and data point
Analysis, Leaching, Morphological Transitions and spatial distribution characteristic for the different groundwater level Soil Under Conditions compositions of anatomy provide section
Section is learned to do, it is significant for guiding agricultural production and farmland pollution preventing and controlling.
Alternatively, soil constituent is typical but non-limiting including nitrogen, P elements, potassium element, organic matter or heavy metal.
In the present invention, washed off soil refers to the elution of water permeable soil from the bottom to top in the way of " lower soak "
Journey.
Fig. 2 is the positive structure diagram of boundary porous barrier in Fig. 1；Fig. 3 is that boundary porous barrier is bowed in figure
Depending on structural representation.
Alternatively, as shown in Fig. 2 combinations Fig. 3, the boundary of the intersection setting of the first cylinder 001 and the second cylinder 002
The plate face area of porous barrier 003 is consistent with the area of section of the internal cavity of the first cylinder 001, boundary porous barrier 003
On be provided with through hole 031, through hole 031 is used to pass through liquid；The two sides of boundary porous barrier 003 are provided with projection
032, projection 032 is used for spacing to the progress of other parts.As shown in figure 1, boundary porous barrier 003 can stop the second post just
The soil of body 002, make simulated groundwater in the first cylinder 001 smoothly by the second cylinder 002 bottom sides and by it is lower extremely
It is upper to enter gradually permeable soil in the second cylinder 002, until the simulated groundwater in the first cylinder 001 and in the second cylinder 002
Poised state is reached, in the process, the water side of the bottom of the second cylinder 002 is in closed state, to prevent the second cylinder 002
Interior simulated groundwater flows downward out the second cylinder 002 before osmotic equilibrium state is reached, so as to ensure reasonably to be tested；
After osmotic equilibrium is reached, opening the water side of the bottom of the second cylinder 002 just can be collected the process of soil eluviation liquid.
Specifically, for the ease of circulation of the control liquid between the first cylinder 001 and the second cylinder 002 or shape is blocked
State, as shown in figure 1, in soil eluviation post provided in an embodiment of the present invention, the intersection of the first cylinder 001 and the second cylinder 002
Sideboard 005 is disposed adjacent with boundary porous barrier 003, sideboard 005 is porous for opening or closing boundary
Dividing plate 003.Sideboard 005 is plugged in the space between two projections 032 of boundary porous barrier 003.When carry out not
With the soil eluviation process under the conditions of groundwater level simulated experiment when, by sideboard 005 being lifted up so that living
Dynamic baffle plate 005 is in open mode, so that boundary porous barrier 003 is in opening state, by into the first cylinder 001
Simulated groundwater is injected, then simulated groundwater can be flowed through after boundary porous barrier 003 to the soil in the second cylinder 002
Eluted until the taken at regular intervals water of intake 011 in poised state, experimentation in the different height of the first cylinder 001
Sample, while by the taken at regular intervals soil eluviation liquid of leaching liquor collecting tank 004 of the bottom of the second cylinder 002, carry out data test and
Analysis；When the simulated experiment for carrying out the soil eluviation process under water-fertilizer integral effect, by the way that sideboard 005 is pushed down on
So that sideboard 005 is closed, so that boundary porous barrier 003 is in closed state, then by the
The water inlet injection simulation fertilizer solution on the top of two cylinder 002, from top to bottom can drench to the soil in the second cylinder 002
Wash, and liquid will not enter in the first cylinder 001, then periodically be adopted by the leaching liquor collecting tank 004 of the bottom of the second cylinder 002
Collect soil eluviation liquid, carry out data test and analysis.By setting sideboard 005, different experimental stations can be flexibly carried out
Reason, has been effectively ensured the effect of different simulated experiments.
Alternatively, it is rectangular flat, the width and boundary of sideboard 005 that sideboard 005 is typical but non-limiting
The width of porous barrier 003 is consistent, and the length of sideboard 005 is more than the length of boundary porous barrier 003.
Further, when simulating fertilizer solution to ensure to be injected into the second cylinder 002 from the top of the second cylinder 002
Water distribution is uniform, and prevents the excessive soil broken up in the second cylinder 002 of local current, as shown in figure 1, the embodiment of the present invention is provided
Soil eluviation post in, the top of the second cylinder 002 is provided with into water porous barrier 023 and water inlet filter membrane 024.In use, to
Second cylinder 002 top injection simulation fertilizer solution, due to be provided with into water porous barrier 023 and water inlet filter membrane 024, therefore
Porous barrier 023 of intaking can carry out water distribution uniformity to the simulation fertilizer solution of entrance, while filter membrane 024 of intaking can be to water inlet
With certain buffering and filtration, the soil in the second cylinder 002 can be avoided to be broken up by current and influence the effect of leaching
Really.
Alternatively, it can be with water flowing that water outlet porous barrier 021 and water inlet porous barrier 023 are typical but non-limiting
The flat board in hole.
Alternatively, it can be miillpore filter that water outlet filter membrane 022 and water inlet filter membrane 024 are typical but non-limiting.
Further, for the ease of liquid height in the first cylinder 001 of observation change and the height of the different water levels of determination,
In soil eluviation post provided in an embodiment of the present invention, scale is provided with the first cylinder 001.
Alternatively, the scale on the first cylinder 001 is length, using cm as measurement unit；For example, on the first cylinder 001
Scale is 0-100cm.
Further, for the ease of the height of soil filling in the second cylinder 002 of determination, to prepare different earth pillars, this
In the soil eluviation post that inventive embodiments are provided, scale is provided with the second cylinder 002.
Alternatively, the scale on the second cylinder 002 is length, using cm as measurement unit.
Specifically, in order to ensure that soil eluviation post can be placed more stably, while be easy to manufacture, as shown in figure 1,
In soil eluviation post provided in an embodiment of the present invention, the first cylinder 001 is L-type structure and bottom surface is plane, the first cylinder 001
Cross section with the second cylinder 002 is rectangle.Because the bottom surface of the first cylinder 001 is plane, therefore soil eluviation post passes through
First cylinder 001 is placed on to the surface of experiment porch vertically, just can realize and stably place effect, be set without other fixations
Apply, simplify the structure of device；Additionally due to the cross section of the first cylinder 001 and the first cylinder 001 is rectangle, therefore make
Technique is simpler, is easy to the manufacturing of device.
Alternatively, it is 1cm, first that the wall thickness of the wall thickness of the first cylinder 001 and the second cylinder 002 is typical but non-limiting
The cross section of the cylinder 002 of cylinder 001 and second is rectangle (30cm × 30cm), and the height of soil eluviation post is typical but unrestricted
Property be 80-120cm, it is preferred that the height of soil eluviation post be 100cm.
Alternatively, the first cylinder 001 and the typical but non-limiting setting that is formed in one of the second cylinder 002.
Fig. 4 is a kind of structural representation of soil eluviation simulation system provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
According to another aspect of the present invention, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of soil eluviation simulation system, such as Fig. 4 institutes
Show, including above-mentioned soil eluviation post, in addition to the simulation for passing through pipeline connection with the top of the first cylinder 001 of soil eluviation post
Lower water supply 006.
Soil eluviation simulation system provided in an embodiment of the present invention is due to including above-mentioned soil eluviation post, and and soil eluviation
The simulated groundwater feeding mechanism 006 of the first cylinder 001 connection of post, therefore can by simulated groundwater feeding mechanism 006
The situation that more easily control simulated groundwater is injected into the first cylinder 001, injects different amounts of simulated groundwater and just can
The soil eluviation process under the conditions of different underground water heights of water level is simulated, is conducive to progress is scientific and reasonable to research and analyse, so that
It is that guiding agricultural production and farmland pollution preventing and controlling provide scientific basis.
Specifically, for the ease of flexibly control into the first cylinder 001 inject simulated groundwater flow and flow velocity, such as scheme
Shown in 4, soil eluviation simulation system provided in an embodiment of the present invention, simulated groundwater feeding mechanism 006 includes the first casing
061st, the first pump 062 and the first fluid flowmeter 063, the first casing 061 are used to hold simulated groundwater, the first casing 061 with
First pump 062 and the first fluid flowmeter 063 are set on the pipeline between first cylinder 001.Alternatively, during installation, the first case
Body 061, the first pump 062, the first fluid flowmeter 063 and the water inlet at the top of the first cylinder 001 are sequentially connected, the first casing
The experiment simulated groundwater of preparation is contained with 061, the first pump 062 is may then pass through by the simulation in the first casing 061
Underground water introduce the first cylinder 001 in, and by the first fluid flowmeter 063 can adjust note simulated groundwater flow and
Flow velocity.
Alternatively, the first pump 062 is typical but non-limiting for peristaltic pump.
Alternatively, the first pump 062 and the first fluid flowmeter 063 can be wholely set, and be configured with flow control
The peristaltic pump of function.
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of another soil eluviation simulation system provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Further, in order to which the soil eluviation process under acting on water-fertilizer integral carries out simulated experiment, as shown in figure 5,
Soil eluviation simulation system provided in an embodiment of the present invention also includes passing through pipeline with the top of the second cylinder 002 of soil eluviation post
The simulation fertilizer solution feeding mechanism 007 of connection；Simulating fertilizer solution feeding mechanism 007 includes the second casing 071, the second pump
072 and second liquid flowmeter 073；Second casing 071 is used to hold simulation fertilizer solution, the second casing 071 and the second cylinder
Second pump 072 and second liquid flowmeter 073 are set on the pipeline between 002.Alternatively, during installation, the second casing 071,
Two pumps 072, the water inlet at the top of 073 and second cylinder of second liquid flowmeter 002 are sequentially connected, and are held in the second casing 071
There is the experiment simulation fertilizer solution of preparation, then introduced the simulation fertilizer solution in the second casing 071 by the second pump 072
In second cylinder 002, the flow and flow velocity of injection simulation fertilizer solution can be adjusted by second liquid flowmeter 073, so that
The soil in the second cylinder 002 can be eluted by the elution mode of " overlying water ".
In the present invention, washed off soil refers to the elution of water from top to bottom permeable soil in the way of " overlying water "
Journey.
Alternatively, the second pump 072 is typical but non-limiting for peristaltic pump.
Alternatively, the second pump 072 and second liquid flowmeter 073 can be wholely set, and be configured with flow control
The peristaltic pump of function.
Further, in order to improve stability when soil eluviation post is used, as shown in figure 5, the embodiment of the present invention is carried
The soil eluviation simulation system of confession also includes support frame 008；Support frame 008 includes base 081, support bar successively from the bottom to top
082 and geometrical clamp 083, geometrical clamp 083 is used to clamp soil eluviation post.In use, because geometrical clamp 083 can clamp the first post
The cylinder 002 of body 001 and second, or the first cylinder 001 is only clamped, or the second cylinder 002 is only clamped, base 081 is stably placed
On experiment porch, geometrical clamp 083 by the cooperation with support bar 082 and base 081 can stably fixing soil leaching post,
So as to ensure that soil eluviation simulation system is in preferably working condition, experimentation is preferably completed, it is to avoid knocked over because unexpected
Experimental provision and influence experiment effect.
With reference to the worked of Fig. 4-5 pairs of soil eluviation posts provided in an embodiment of the present invention and soil eluviation simulation system
Journey elaborates.
As shown in figure 4, soil eluviation simulation system provided in an embodiment of the present invention can be used for different groundwater level bars
The simulated experiment of soil eluviation process under part.According to object of experiment, respective concentration and the experiment simulated groundwater of consumption are prepared
And load in the first casing 061, the state of the first fluid flowmeter 063 is set on demand, sideboard 005 is opened so that phase boundary
Face porous barrier 003 is opened, and opens the first pump 062 to be filled to required height of water level, Ran Houguan into the first cylinder 001
Close the first pump 062 and stop water inlet；Simulated groundwater is carried out by the soil in 003 pair of second cylinder 002 of boundary porous barrier
Elute from the bottom to top, until the simulated groundwater in the first cylinder 001 and in the second cylinder 002 is in poised state, the
The taken at regular intervals water sample of intake 011 at the different height of one cylinder 001, and connected by the bottom with the second cylinder 002
The taken at regular intervals soil eluviation liquid of leaching liquor collecting tank 004, then detect that sample and analyzing is drawn a conclusion after experimental data.Use
When, by the initial consumption that simulated groundwater is injected into the first cylinder 001 of regulation, different groundwater levels can be adjusted to high
Degree, so as to influence the simulated experiment of soil eluviation process under the conditions of completing different groundwater levels in " lower to soak " elution mode.
As shown in figure 5, soil eluviation simulation system provided in an embodiment of the present invention can be used under water-fertilizer integral effect
Soil eluviation process simulated experiment.According to object of experiment, the experiment simulation fertilizer solution of respective concentration and consumption is prepared,
And load the second casing 071, the state of second liquid flowmeter 073 is set on demand, sideboard 005 is closed so that boundary
Porous barrier 003 is closed, and opens the second pump 072 to inject simulation fertilizer solution into the second cylinder 002, simulates fertilizer solution
By can equably be eluted to the soil in the second cylinder 002 after intake porous barrier 023 and water inlet filter membrane 024；Drench
Wash after a period of time and close the second pump 072 and stop elution, can be by the leaching liquor collecting tank that is connected with the bottom of the second cylinder 002
004 taken at regular intervals soil eluviation liquid, is then detected and is analyzed to sample and drawn a conclusion after experimental data.In use, passing through
The concentration and consumption of the initial simulation fertilizer solution injected into the second cylinder 002 of regulation, can complete different water-fertilizer integrals
Under the conditions of the simulated experiment of soil eluviation process is influenceed in the elution mode of " overlying water ".
As shown in figure 5, soil eluviation simulation system provided in an embodiment of the present invention can be also used for different levels of ground water and
The simulated experiment of soil eluviation process under water-fertilizer integral double action.According to object of experiment, the experiment of respective concentration is prepared
With simulated groundwater and simulation fertilizer solution, simulated groundwater is loaded in the first casing 061, and simulation fertilizer solution is loaded
In second casing 071, the state of the first fluid flowmeter 063 and second liquid flowmeter 073 is set on demand；Open active catch
Plate 005 opens the first pump 062 so that boundary porous barrier 003 is opened, and injects desired amount of into the first cylinder 001
Simulated groundwater, turns off the first pump 062, then opens the second pump 072, to carrying out pouring from top to bottom in the second cylinder 002
Wash, the second pump 072 is closed after a period of time and stops elution, when the liquid in the first cylinder 001 and in the second cylinder 002 is in flat
After weighing apparatus state, by the taken at regular intervals water sample of intake 011 at the different height of the first cylinder 001, and pass through the bottom of the second cylinder 002
The taken at regular intervals soil eluviation liquid of leaching liquor collecting tank 004 in portion, then detects sample and analyzes and drawn a conclusion after experimental data.Make
Used time, by the initial consumption that simulated groundwater is injected into the first cylinder 001 of regulation, different groundwater levels can be adjusted to
Highly, while simulating the concentration and consumption of fertilizer solution by the initial injection into the second cylinder 002 of regulation, it can be adjusted to not
With water-fertilizer integral condition, so as to complete the soil eluviation mistake under different groundwater level and water-fertilizer integral double actions
The simulated experiment of journey.
In summary, soil eluviation simulation system provided in an embodiment of the present invention both can individually carry out different shallow undergrounds
The simulated experiment of soil eluviation process under the conditions of the setting of water height of water level, completion change water level, can also carry out different shallow-layers
The setting of groundwater level height and the configuration of various concentrations consumption fertilizer solution, while under the conditions of completing different groundwater levels
With the simulated experiment of soil eluviation process under water-fertilizer integral double action, with stronger practicality and generality.By adopting
With soil eluviation simulation system provided in an embodiment of the present invention, can Study of The Underground water it is molten with " lower to soak " elution mode and liquid manure
Liquid elutes influence of the mode to soil eluviation process with " overlying water ", so as to dissect under the conditions of different groundwater levels and
Leaching, Morphological Transitions and the spatial distribution characteristic of water-fertilizer integral condition soil constituent provide scientific method, for instructing
Agricultural production and farmland pollution preventing and controlling are significant.
Although illustrate and describing the present invention with specific embodiment, but it will be appreciated that without departing substantially from the present invention's
Many other changes and modification can be made in the case of spirit and scope.It is, therefore, intended that in the following claims
Including belonging to all such changes and modifications in the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of soil eluviation post, it is characterised in that including the first cylinder and the second cylinder communicated therewith, first cylinder
The intersection of second cylinder is provided with boundary porous barrier；
First cylinder is used to inject simulated groundwater, and second cylinder is used for filling soil；
Intake is provided with the different height of first cylinder, the bottom of second cylinder is provided with water outlet porous barrier
With filter membrane and connection leaching liquor collecting tank.
2. soil eluviation post according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the friendship of first cylinder and second cylinder
Sideboard is disposed adjacent at boundary with the boundary porous barrier, the sideboard is used to opening or closing the phase boundary
Face porous barrier.
3. soil eluviation post according to claim 2, it is characterised in that be provided with the top of second cylinder many into water
Hole dividing plate and water inlet filter membrane.
4. the soil eluviation post according to claim any one of 1-3, it is characterised in that be provided with quarter on first cylinder
Degree.
5. the soil eluviation post according to claim any one of 1-3, it is characterised in that be provided with quarter on second cylinder
Degree.
6. the soil eluviation post according to claim any one of 1-3, it is characterised in that first cylinder be L-type structure,
And bottom surface is plane, the cross section of first cylinder and second cylinder is rectangle.
7. a kind of soil eluviation simulation system, it is characterised in that including the soil eluviation post described in claim any one of 1-6,
Also include the simulated groundwater feeding mechanism for passing through pipeline connection with the first cylinder top of the soil eluviation post.
8. soil eluviation simulation system according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the simulated groundwater feeding mechanism bag
Include the first casing, the first pump and the first fluid flowmeter；
First casing, which is used to hold on simulated groundwater, the pipeline between first casing and first cylinder, to be set
First pump and first fluid flowmeter.
9. soil eluviation simulation system according to claim 7, it is characterised in that also including with the soil eluviation post
The simulation fertilizer solution feeding mechanism that the second cylinder top passes through pipeline connection；
The simulation fertilizer solution feeding mechanism includes the second casing, the second pump and second liquid flowmeter；
Second casing is used to hold to set on simulation fertilizer solution, the pipeline between second casing and second cylinder
Put second pump and the second liquid flowmeter.
10. soil eluviation simulation system according to claim 8 or claim 9, it is characterised in that also including support frame；
Support frame as described above includes base, support bar and geometrical clamp successively from the bottom to top, and the geometrical clamp is used to clamp the soil
Leaching post.
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| CN110361504A (en) * | 2019-06-20 | 2019-10-22 | 云南省环境科学研究院(中国昆明高原湖泊国际研究中心) | A kind of changeable flow leaching integrated apparatus |
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Address after: 300191 No. 31, rehabilitation Road, Tianjin, Nankai District Patentee after: AGRO-ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION INSTITUTE, MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE Country or region after: China Address before: 300191 No. 31, rehabilitation Road, Tianjin, Nankai District Patentee before: AGRO-ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION INSTITUTE OF MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE Country or region before: China |