CN102403766A - Super capacitor charging method and system for realizing same - Google Patents
Super capacitor charging method and system for realizing same Download PDFInfo
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- CN102403766A CN102403766A CN2011103710297A CN201110371029A CN102403766A CN 102403766 A CN102403766 A CN 102403766A CN 2011103710297 A CN2011103710297 A CN 2011103710297A CN 201110371029 A CN201110371029 A CN 201110371029A CN 102403766 A CN102403766 A CN 102403766A
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- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
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- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a super capacitor charging method and a system for realizing same. Matching between a load impedance of a charging power supply and a lower output impedance of a super capacitor is realized by a step of charging a buffer capacitor C2 by using a controller to change switch statuses of electronic switches M1 and M2 when detecting that a voltage of the buffer capacitor C2 is lower than a charging voltage of the super capacitor C1, and a step of charging the super capacitor C1 by using the controller again to change switch statuses of the electronic switches M1 and M2 when detecting that the voltage of the buffer capacitor C2 is increased to the charging voltage of the super capacitor C1. By using the above technical scheme, the aim of charging the super capacitor can be fulfilled with only few devices, the loss is low, the power efficiency is higher, and the voltage and energy of the super capacitor can be monitored to realize safety protection of the super capacitor in the charging process.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to adopt charging method and the realization system thereof of all kinds voltage plane to super capacitor.
Background technology
Super capacitor is as a kind of energy storage device of superelevation cycle life; Its application advantage is very obvious; But, mostly adopt current constant mode to realize for the charging of most of super capacitors at present because charge characteristic and any chemical cell of super capacitor are all inequality.But because power supply is limited to, for example when power is especially little when, the loss of constant-current circuit maybe be with regard to greater than the power output of power supply in some applications.Simultaneously, for some low power application, because the cost of constant-current circuit is than higher, with improving the cost of using greatly.And for the unsettled renewable power supply of some power outputs; For example solar cell, wind-driven generator etc.; Owing to change greatly at super capacitor charging process middle impedance, and the variation of super capacitor input impedance will cause the variation of charge power, and these receive the regenerative resource of environmental limitations; Can not reach the variable power that meets in the whole charging process of super capacitor, therefore adopt the current constant mode charging will cause the reduction of renewable energy system usefulness.Thereby present in the regenerative resource application product that with solar energy is the master, all adopt the mode of directly parallel connection to use super capacitor usually.
But directly parallel connection still will cause the reduction of energy efficiency, and the loss of super capacitor efficiency for charge-discharge.With the solar energy power generating is example, because that the output voltage of PV receives the influence of load impedance is very big, and the output impedance of super capacitor is low especially, and along with energy storage capacity is changing constantly.Simultaneously the rated operational voltage of super capacitor and high-breakdown-voltage are very approaching, and the two does not match fully.When super capacitor energy-storage was low, the effective output of PV can reduce, and to super capacitor energy-storage when higher, the effective output of PV raises, and directly causes output voltage to raise, and has the risk that surpasses the super capacitor puncture voltage again.Therefore the charging method of the direct parallelly connected super capacitor of solar cell exists problems equally, makes the efficient of system significantly reduce, and PV long-term work simultaneously will make its life-span significantly reduce under low delivery efficiency state.
Summary of the invention
Defective in view of above-mentioned prior art exists the objective of the invention is to propose a kind of super capacitor charging method and realization system thereof, to improve the stability of output power of power supply and efficient.
The purpose of charging method of the present invention will be achieved through following technical scheme:
A kind of super capacitor charging method is used to mate the load impedance of super capacitor as power supply, comprising:
The voltage detecting step detects the input signal of the voltage of power supply test point S3, buffer capacitor C2 test point S2 and super capacitor C1 test point S1 as controller;
Buffer capacitor C2 charge step, power supply and capacitor C 3 are charged to buffer capacitor C2 in the lump;
Super capacitor C1 charge step, buffer capacitor C2 charges to super capacitor C1;
The charging controlled step; When judging that according to the input signal controller voltage of buffer capacitor C2 is lower than the charging voltage of super capacitor C1; Keep electronic switch M1 to be and turn-off shape execution buffer capacitor C2 charge step; And when judging that according to the input signal controller voltage of buffer capacitor C2 rises to the charging voltage of super capacitor C1, turn-off electronic switch M2 and connect electronic switch M1 execution super capacitor C1 charge step.
Further, in the super capacitor C1 charge step, the voltage of power supply test point S3 is in a low spot in the power supply rated output voltage scope, and power supply charges to capacitor C 3 complementary energy under the shutoff electronic switch M2.
Further, when capacitor C 3 reached electric power output voltage, 1 pair of capacitor C 3 of the afterflow inductance L of power output end continued charging in short-term.
Further, the make-and-break time of electronic switch M2 and frequency are associated with the charging and the discharge completion moment of capacitor C 3.
To should charging method; The present invention provides a kind of super capacitor charging realization system; Comprise controller, power supply and the capacitor C 3, buffer capacitor C2 and the super capacitor C1 that are in parallel with power supply, and be provided with afterflow inductance L 1 between the positive pole of said power output end and capacitor C 3; Be provided with electronic switch M2 between capacitor C 3 and the buffer capacitor C2, be provided with electronic switch M1 between buffer capacitor C2 and the super capacitor C1; Each capacitance cathode is made as the voltage detecting point, and input is connected to controller, and two output control terminals of controller link to each other with electronic switch M2 with electronic switch M1 respectively.
The purpose of charging method of the present invention can also be achieved through following technical scheme:
A kind of super capacitor charging method is used to mate the load impedance of super capacitor as power supply, comprising:
The voltage detecting step detects the input signal of the voltage of power supply test point S3 and super capacitor C1 test point S1 as controller;
Super capacitor C1 charge step, 3 pairs of super capacitor C1 chargings of capacitor C;
The charging controlled step; When judging that according to the input signal controller voltage of capacitor C 3 is lower than the charging voltage of super capacitor C1; Carry out capacitor C 3 charge step and keep electronic switch M1 to be and turn-off the shape wait; And when rising to the charging voltage of super capacitor C1, connect electronic switch M1 and carry out super capacitor C1 charge step according to the voltage that the input signal controller is declared capacitor C 3.
To should charging method, the present invention provides a kind of super capacitor charging realization system, comprises controller, power supply and the capacitor C 3 and super capacitor C1 that are in parallel with power supply, and be provided with electronic switch M1 between capacitor C 3 and the super capacitor C1; Each capacitance cathode is made as the voltage detecting point, and input is connected to controller, and an output control terminal of controller links to each other with electronic switch M1.
The application of the charging method of the present invention and the system of realization thereof; Its outstanding effect is: adopt the few device of quantity can reach the purpose to the super capacitor charging; Avoided not causing the problem of power supply damage or decrease in efficiency because impedance matches; And loss is low, and power-efficient is higher, can monitor and realize the safeguard protection to super capacitor to the electric energy that charges into of super capacitor.Being particularly suitable for some super capacitor chargings of being supplied power by small-power power or the higher power supply of output impedance uses.
Following constipation closes the embodiment accompanying drawing, and specific embodiments of the invention is done further to detail, so that technical scheme of the present invention is easier to understand, grasp.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the charge structural representation of realization system one preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the first charge circuit isoboles that charging shown in Figure 1 realizes system;
Fig. 3 is the second charge circuit isoboles that charging shown in Figure 1 realizes system;
Fig. 4 is the charge structural representation of another embodiment of realization system of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the charge structural representation of the another embodiment of realization system of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the equivalent structure sketch map of Fig. 5.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of super capacitor charging system of present embodiment; As shown in Figure 1; Comprise controller, power supply and the capacitor C 3, buffer capacitor C2 and the super capacitor C1 that are in parallel with power supply, and be provided with afterflow inductance L 1 between the positive pole of power output end and capacitor C 3; Be provided with electronic switch M2 between capacitor C 3 and the buffer capacitor C2, be provided with electronic switch M1 between buffer capacitor C2 and the super capacitor C1; Each capacitance cathode is made as the voltage detecting point, and input is connected to controller, and two output control terminals of controller link to each other with electronic switch M2 with electronic switch M1 respectively.
The super capacitor charging method of present embodiment is used to mate the load impedance of super capacitor as power supply, comprising:
The voltage detecting step detects the input signal of the voltage of power supply test point S3, buffer capacitor C2 test point S2 and super capacitor C1 test point S1 as controller;
Buffer capacitor C2 charge step, power supply and capacitor C 3 are charged to buffer capacitor C2 in the lump; It is big that the load of power supply becomes, and output voltage reduces immediately, and along with continuing of capacitor C 2 charging processes, electric power output voltage rises gradually.Because the capacity of capacitor C 2 is very little, the fluctuation of power supply is less, and the time is very short, and the delivery efficiency of power supply keeps higher state; The effect of capacitor C 3 can provide extra electric current when capacitor C 2 is charged, thereby can reduce the fluctuation of output power of power supply, improves the stability of power supply output; Controller is realized the charging of power supply to C2 through the break-make of control electronic switch M2, will guarantee that simultaneously the magnitude of voltage of voltage test points S3 in the whole process is not less than the rated output voltage scope of power supply all the time.
Super capacitor C1 charge step, buffer capacitor C2 charges to super capacitor C1; The voltage of power supply test point S3 is in a low spot in the power supply rated output voltage scope, and power supply charges to capacitor C 3 complementary energy under the shutoff electronic switch M2; When capacitor C 3 reached electric power output voltage, 1 pair of capacitor C 3 of the afterflow inductance L of power output end continued charging in short-term.The make-and-break time of electronic switch M2 and frequency are associated with the charging and the discharge of capacitor C 3 and accomplish constantly;
The charging controlled step; When judging that according to the input signal controller voltage of buffer capacitor C2 is lower than the charging voltage of super capacitor C1; Keep electronic switch M1 to turn-off and connection electronic switch M2 execution buffer capacitor C2 charge step; And when judging that according to the input signal controller voltage of buffer capacitor C2 rises to the charging voltage of super capacitor C1, turn-off electronic switch M2 and connect electronic switch M1 execution super capacitor C1 charge step, at this moment; The magnitude of voltage of voltage test points S3 is in minimum point, but still in power supply rated output voltage scope.
Connect at electronic switch M1, under the state that electronic switch M2 breaks off, there are two charging processes in system, and isoboles forms first charge circuit and second charge circuit as shown in Figures 2 and 3.Because the intention of present embodiment is under power output that guarantees power supply and efficiency term, to realize super capacitor C1 is charged; In second loop; The discharging efficiency of capacitor C 2 can not influence overall system efficiency; Therefore, control will be carried out based on first loop, to guarantee that power supply carries out all the time under rated output power or peak power output condition.
The real output that variation through capacitor C 3 voltages and time can calculate power supply:
; Wherein C is capacitor C 3 appearance values; Umax and Umin are respectively the minimum and maximum voltage of capacitor C 3; When maximum voltage occurs in capacitor C 3 charging completion; Be before electronic switch M2 connects, when minimum voltage occurred in capacitor C 3 discharge completion, promptly electronic switch M2 broke off moment.T is 3 charging intervals of capacitor C, and promptly electronic switch M2 breaks off the time of process.Thereby the make-and-break time of control electronic switch M2 and the frequency control that can realize the power supply real output.
Because in the charging process of present embodiment; Power supply and super capacitor C1 are isolated; The problem that does not have impedance outfit and power match mutually, because super capacitor C1 has very little input impedance, and its maximum charging current usually all will be greater than the maximum output current of power supply; The method has been avoided not causing the problem of power supply damage or decrease in efficiency because impedance matches, and simultaneously more efficiently PV of making and super capacitor C1 performance is obtained performance.Three voltage test points in the simultaneity factor, can monitoring system in the operating voltage situation of change, particularly voltage test points S1 of each link, can monitor super capacitor C1 change in voltage, thereby guarantee the reliably working of super capacitor.When super capacitor C1 was full of, system can stop charging process, and owing to use or after the self discharge of super capacitor C1 causes loss, system's boost charge immediately, thus realize float charging function.Simultaneously, because charging process all has only a spot of electric energy to be charged into super capacitor C1 each time, and the voltage of super capacitor C1 is in slave mode all the time, therefore, can guarantee that super capacitor C1 charges under the charging voltage of safety.
Embodiment 2
Present embodiment is used for some conventional power supplys or reduces the power supply that power output can not influence usefulness, owing to need the long time could accomplish replenishing of capacitor C 3, and low power output can not influence the power supply efficiency; Therefore; No longer need the afterflow inductance, can guarantee to make full use of the effective output of power supply again, can no longer need inductance L 1 to carry out afterflow in this case; As shown in Figure 4, charging system and method thereof are consistent with embodiment 1.
Present embodiment is used for the bigger conventional power supply of power for the super capacitor capacity, or the especially little super capacitor of some configurations, and the relative bigger power supply of short circuit current ability to bear.Because charging interval is long especially (to be referred to that a charging interval is long to capacitor C 2 chargings, mean that the power supply needs work for a long time under peak power output, thereby the efficient of power supply is than higher.And because the power supply peak power output is very little, so need just can reach for a long time requirement to super capacitor C1 charging, and super capacitor C1 charging rate is very fast; Almost can accomplish the transfer of electric energy from electric capacity to the super capacitor in moment, therefore, if power supply reduces usefulness in this time; The time ratio that accounts for is very little, and almost the usefulness to power supply does not influence), and the recharging of super capacitor C1 was just taken place once through the long time interval; Electronic switch M2 needs long-time the connection could guarantee systemic-function, and this moment, isoboles was as shown in Figure 5, because electronic switch M2 is equivalent to be communicated with all the time; And voltage test points S3 voltage test points S2 has had no difference, capacitor C 2 and capacitor C 3 all fours parallel operations, therefore; Present embodiment can be simplified as shown in Figure 6; Comprise controller, power supply and the capacitor C 3 and super capacitor C1 that are in parallel with power supply, and be provided with electronic switch M1 between capacitor C 3 and the super capacitor C1; Each capacitance cathode is made as the voltage detecting point, and input is connected to controller, and an output control terminal of controller links to each other with electronic switch M1.
The super capacitor charging method of present embodiment comprises:
The voltage detecting step detects the input signal of the voltage of power supply test point S3 and super capacitor C1 test point S1 as controller;
Super capacitor C1 charge step, 3 pairs of super capacitor C1 chargings of capacitor C;
The charging controlled step; When judging that according to the input signal controller voltage of capacitor C 3 is lower than the charging voltage of super capacitor C1; Carry out capacitor C 3 charge step and keep electronic switch M1 to be and turn-off the shape wait; And when rising to the charging voltage of super capacitor C1, connect electronic switch M1 and carry out super capacitor C1 charge step according to the voltage that the input signal controller is declared capacitor C 3.
The application structure of present embodiment is particularly suitable for Application of Solar Energy; Because solar power generation time normal condition was above 10 hours; And the super capacitor charging interval in minute; Therefore, in Application of Solar Energy, this structure can be near satisfying characteristic of solar cell and super capacitor characteristic under the ideal situation simultaneously.
In sum; Power among the present invention, power supply performance characteristics, capacitor C 2 capacity, capacitor C 3 capacity, super capacitor C1 capacity are for adopting which kind of practical implementation structure that important effect is arranged; The present invention can form different application examples according to different application requirements, cost demand; Realize in high energy efficiency can taking into account the requirement of cost and cost performance under the situation of super capacitor charging.
The present invention still has numerous embodiments, and all employing equivalents or equivalent transformation and all technical schemes of forming all drop within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a super capacitor charging method is used to mate the load impedance of super capacitor as power supply, it is characterized in that comprising:
The voltage detecting step detects the input signal of the voltage of power supply test point S3, buffer capacitor C2 test point S2 and super capacitor C1 test point S1 as controller;
Buffer capacitor C2 charge step, power supply and capacitor C 3 are charged to buffer capacitor C2 in the lump;
Super capacitor C1 charge step, buffer capacitor C2 charges to super capacitor C1;
The charging controlled step; When judging that according to the input signal controller voltage of buffer capacitor C2 is lower than the charging voltage of super capacitor C1; Keep electronic switch M1 to turn-off and connection electronic switch M2 execution buffer capacitor C2 charge step; And when judging that according to the input signal controller voltage of buffer capacitor C2 rises to the charging voltage of super capacitor C1, turn-off electronic switch M2 and connect electronic switch M1 execution super capacitor C1 charge step.
2. a kind of super capacitor charging method according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: in the super capacitor C1 charge step; The voltage of power supply test point S3 is in a low spot in the power supply rated output voltage scope, and power supply charges to capacitor C 3 complementary energy under the shutoff electronic switch M2.
3. a kind of super capacitor charging method according to claim 2 is characterized in that: when capacitor C 3 reached electric power output voltage, 1 pair of capacitor C 3 of the afterflow inductance L of power output end continued charging in short-term.
4. a kind of super capacitor charging method according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the make-and-break time of electronic switch M2 and frequency are associated with the charging and the discharge of capacitor C 3 and accomplish constantly.
5. a super capacitor charging method is used to mate the load impedance of super capacitor as power supply, it is characterized in that comprising:
The voltage detecting step detects the input signal of the voltage of power supply test point S3 and super capacitor C1 test point S1 as controller;
Capacitor C 3 charge step, power supply continue capacitor C 3 chargings;
Super capacitor C1 charge step, 3 pairs of super capacitor C1 chargings of capacitor C;
The charging controlled step; When judging that according to the input signal controller voltage of capacitor C 3 is lower than the charging voltage of super capacitor C1; Carry out capacitor C 3 charge step and keep electronic switch M1 to be and turn-off the shape wait; And when rising to the charging voltage of super capacitor C1, connect electronic switch M1 and carry out super capacitor C1 charge step according to the voltage that the input signal controller is declared capacitor C 3.
6. system that realizes the said super capacitor charging method of claim 1; It is characterized in that: comprise controller; Power supply and the capacitor C 3, buffer capacitor C2 and the super capacitor C1 that are in parallel with power supply; And be provided with afterflow inductance L 1 between the positive pole of said power output end and capacitor C 3, be provided with electronic switch M2 between capacitor C 3 and the buffer capacitor C2, be provided with electronic switch M1 between buffer capacitor C2 and the super capacitor C1; Each capacitance cathode is made as the voltage detecting point, and input is connected to controller, and two output control terminals of controller link to each other with electronic switch M2 with electronic switch M1 respectively.
7. system that realizes the said super capacitor charging method of claim 5 is characterized in that: comprise controller, and power supply and the capacitor C 3 and super capacitor C1 that are in parallel with power supply, and be provided with electronic switch M1 between capacitor C 3 and the super capacitor C1; Each capacitance cathode is made as the voltage detecting point, and input is connected to controller, and an output control terminal of controller links to each other with electronic switch M1.
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| CN104795859A (en) * | 2015-04-07 | 2015-07-22 | 国网上海市电力公司 | Super-capacitor constant-power charge management circuit |
| CN111552340A (en) * | 2020-05-08 | 2020-08-18 | 深圳市博实结科技有限公司 | Current control circuit and device |
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| CN104795859A (en) * | 2015-04-07 | 2015-07-22 | 国网上海市电力公司 | Super-capacitor constant-power charge management circuit |
| CN111552340A (en) * | 2020-05-08 | 2020-08-18 | 深圳市博实结科技有限公司 | Current control circuit and device |
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