CN102383805B - Mixed TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine) with multiple-boring mode and tunnel supporting mode - Google Patents
Mixed TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine) with multiple-boring mode and tunnel supporting mode Download PDFInfo
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- CN102383805B CN102383805B CN2011103174923A CN201110317492A CN102383805B CN 102383805 B CN102383805 B CN 102383805B CN 2011103174923 A CN2011103174923 A CN 2011103174923A CN 201110317492 A CN201110317492 A CN 201110317492A CN 102383805 B CN102383805 B CN 102383805B
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Abstract
The invention discloses tunnel construction equipment, in particular a mixed TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine) with a multiple-boring mode, which is suitable for sludge, clay, sand, grit, decomposed rock, hard rock and composite transition stratum. According to the invention, three modes of an earth pressure balance mode, a shield open mode and a TBM mode are adopted for construction according to different stratum geological conditions and construction tunnel supporting requirements; a deslagging mode is that a spiral conveyer or a TBM belt conveyor is adopted for deslagging; and simultaneously, a supporting mode can adopt a finned-tube lining or flexible post-supporting mode. The mixed TBM disclosed by the invention has very strong geological adaptability, is especially suitable for soft, hard and complex stratal construction of a mains underground engineering, and simultaneously, has the advantages that the whole machine has low manufacture cost, the mode conversion is relatively simple, the interference to mating construction is small, the control is convenient, the equipment manufacture cost is low, the economic property and practicability are achieved, and the use requirements of the flexible supporting mode of the construction can be met.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to shield structure and TBM field of engineering technology, be specially a kind of hybrid TBM constructing tunnel engineer equipment, be specially a kind of single stratum such as weak soil, soft rock, hard rock that both had been applicable to, be applicable to soft or hard simultaneously and replace stratum, compound transition stratum, and there is the tunnel construction equipment of dual boring mode, the multiple mode of slagging tap, flexible support pattern.
Background technology
In the China of the title with International Geology museum, stratum engineering, hydrogeology complexity, for many underground municipal engineering, take a kind of geology as main between works area, have the geology of other transition stratum and bad ground simultaneously.The advantages such as shield construction is little to surrounding environment influence because having, speed of application is fast, quality project, construction safety environmental protection, geological adaptability are wide, become first-selected form of construction work in urban underground engineering construction.The geological adaptability of shield machine, overall performance are the keys of shield tunnel construction success or failure.
Underground municipal engineering shield structure and TBM application technology roughly can be divided into the soft stratum for main representative such as ，Yi Shanghai, three kinds of stratum, Zhengzhou; Take the hard-soft heterogeneous grounds such as sand bed, sandy gravel and decomposed rock that Beijing, Guangzhou, Chengdu etc. are representative; Take the ground consisting of hard rock such as sandstone that Chongqing, Dalian, Qingdao etc. are representative, slate, granite.EPB shield structure is constructed with the obvious advantage, cheap in soft rock geology, but equipment needs particular design for superpower hard rock geology.In the TBM ground consisting of hard rock single in geology, drivage efficiency is occupied advantage, but the equipment overall length is long, and it is large that work is raised difficulty, involves great expense, is applied to municipal underground construction advantage and be difficult to give full play to.The general shortcoming of TBM replaces stratum for running into unfavorable geology or soft, hard rock, and difficulty of construction and risk sharply increase.
Combined type TBM with multiple excavation pattern, the mode of slagging tap and flexible supporting mode capabilities is underground Municipal Engineering Construction equipment Development direction from now on.For having soft rock, hard rock, transition compound stratum engineering geology operating mode in domestic municipal underground construction geology, and can select the constructing tunnel equipment of suitable support pattern according to concrete specific stratum, there is application prospect more and more widely.Traditional the EPB shield structure and the TBM that only have relatively single ground adaptability and single hole wall support pattern can not meet the requirement of bad ground modern construction.Providing a kind of can tunnel again with the hard rock mole function in soft stratum or the poor stratum of country rock, particularly be applicable to the constructing tunnel equipment of municipal underground construction project, conversion boring mode and supporting pattern when stratum geology changes, make an equipment there is geological adaptability widely, and there is supporting pattern flexibly, matching operation disturbs little simultaneously, can effectively reduce engineering risk, being a great problem in the tunnel machine design and construction, is also the major reason of the tunnel construction development machine scope of application.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome above-mentioned deficiency of the prior art, the present invention discloses and a kind ofly can be applicable to the relatively single stratum such as weak soil, soft rock, hard rock, replace stratum, compound transition stratum with being applicable to soft or hard, be specially the hybrid TBM constructing tunnel equipment on mud, clay, sand, grit, decomposed rock, hard rock and compound transition stratum simultaneously.The present invention can require to adopt earth pressure balance pattern, shield structure its open mode, three kinds of pattern constructions of TBM pattern according to Different Strata geological condition and construction tunnel supporting; Can adopt two kinds of modes of slagging tap according to stratum and construction requirement: mode that conveying worm is slagged tap and the main frame conveyor is slagged tap simultaneously; And can take two kinds of hole wall support patterns according to actual conditions: the pipe-plate lining support pattern reaches later stage support pattern flexibly.Equipment has very strong geological adaptability, be particularly useful for that municipal underground construction is soft, hard, the compound stratum construction, complete machine is cheap simultaneously, to matching operation disturb little, control convenient, equipment manufacturing cost is cheap, economical and practical, meets flexible supporting construction functional requirement.
The described hybrid TBM with multiple boring mode, comprise cutterhead 1, and the drive system 4 be connected with cutterhead, support drive system 4 and the anterior shield 2 of cutterhead 1, the middle shield 6 be connected with anterior shield 2, be arranged on the propulsion system 7 of middle shield 6 inside, with the girder 44 that middle shield 6 is connected, be arranged on anterior shield 2 stabilizer 3, be arranged on anterior shield oscillating cylinder on anterior shield 2 31 and be arranged on middle shield 6 and middle shield oscillating cylinder 15, the post-matching leather belt machine 13 connected with girder 44; The earth pressure balance pattern also comprises with shield structure open type the centre revolving joint 18 be connected with cutterhead 1, is arranged on the duct piece assembling machine 10 on girder 44; The TBM pattern also comprises and is arranged in dreg scraping bucket 16 on cutterhead and the slag-screening board 17 at cutterhead 1 back, be connected to chute 21, support shoe system 47 on drive system 4, support ring 48, one section 22 of main frame conveyor, two section 28 of main frame conveyor and belt tension oil cylinder 29, rubber tile are dustproof 23, chain is dustproof 24, water spray dust 25, dust cover 26, be arranged in the leading rig 9 on shield 6;
A kind of hybrid TBM with multiple boring mode and tunnel support mode, it is characterized in that: comprise that earth pressure balance boring mode, shield structure open wide boring mode, three kinds of Construction Modes of TBM boring mode, three kinds of Construction Modes are changed mutually, and slag tap or main frame conveyor slag tap mode and corresponding pipe sheet assembling lining cutting and later stage hole wall support pattern according to the conveying worm 12 that corresponding geology operating mode and construction need to be supporting with three kinds of forms of construction work; Be specially:
(1) when the excavation face poor stability or be moisture more weak soil, soft rock, grit and hard-soft heterogeneous ground, while being specially silt, sticky, powder, sand, ovum gravel stratum, can adopt the construction of earth pressure balance boring mode according to geology and buried depth situation, by conveying worm 12, coordinate post-matching leather belt machine 13 to slag tap, follow duct piece assembling machine 10 segment assemblies 11, backing grouting support mode to construct; When this kind of pattern driving, cutterhead 1 propelling with pressure, utilize cutterhead 1 and native storehouse in soil pressure and air pressure is realized and hydraulic pressure, the soil pressure dynamic equilibrium of excavation face; Duct piece assembling machine 10 segment assembly 11 circulations simultaneously are driving forward, by the section of jurisdiction 11 of laying in advance, for driving provides counter-force, follows the synchronous grouting of section of jurisdiction 11 backings to reinforce, and propelling cylinder 41 circulations change step to push ahead, the final tunnel formed by the ring pipe sheet built;
(2) when stratum geology be ground consisting of hard rock, the excavation face can, from steady, can adopt shield structure its open mode driving while according to construction requirement, adopting supporting tunnel, section of jurisdiction; The hole wall adopts pipe sheet assembling, lining cutting supporting, and the mode of slagging tap can adopt the main frame conveyor to coordinate post-matching leather belt machine 13 modes of slagging tap to construct; Shield structure its open mode construction in hard rock geology, be specially combined type cutterhead 1 does not need to set up Water And Earth Pressures when the excavation face, and the dregs that cutterhead 1 cuts coordinates post-matching leather belt machine 13 to slag tap by conveying worm 12; Duct piece assembling machine 10 segment assembly 11 circulations simultaneously are driving forward, by the section of jurisdiction 11 of laying in advance, for driving provides counter-force, follows the synchronous grouting of section of jurisdiction backing to reinforce, and propelling cylinder 41 circulations change step to push ahead, the final tunnel formed by the ring pipe sheet built;
(3) be ground consisting of hard rock when excavating stratum, during construction requirement employing later stage hole wall support pattern, can adopt the TBM boring mode according to construction requirement; The mode of slagging tap adopts the main frame conveyor to coordinate post-matching leather belt machine 13 to slag tap, and hole wall supporting adopts later stage hole wall supporting flexibly to be constructed; Now main frame anury shield 8, without duct piece assembling machine 10, without conveying worm 12, and change cutter, increases slag-screening board 17, chute 21, main frame conveyor, support shoe system 47, support ring 48; During driving without setting up the face Water And Earth Pressures; Advancing the support boots of counter-force in support shoe system 47 to be supported on the friction counter-force produced on crag provides, and tuning obtains progressive error by propelling cylinder 41 stretching support rings 48 and realizes;
(4) change stability ground consisting of hard rock preferably into when the weak bottom in excavation stratum, while according to the construction demand, adopting that the later stage, wall supporting in hole was constructed flexibly, boring mode need be converted to the TBM pattern by earth pressure balance pattern or shield structure open type; Need to remove duct piece assembling machine 10, tail shield 8, centre revolving joint 18, slag-screening board 17, chute 21, main frame conveyor, support shoe system 47, support ring 48 are installed; The frictional force of by support boots oil cylinder 49, stretching out the support boots stretching crag generation in support shoe system 47, as advancing counter-force, advances tunings by propelling cylinder 41, and circulation changes step to tunnel forward, and the mode that first connects hole wall supporting again according to tunnel is constructed, and finally forms the moulding tunnel;
(5) when the excavation stratum is changed soft rock, weak soil, transition compound stratum into or, now needs boring mode is converted to shield structure open type or earth pressure balance pattern by the TBM boring mode need to wall supporting in hole is converted to the pipe-plate lining supporting by the later stage by support pattern the time according to construction; An assembled ring is to two endless tube sheets 11, and near section of jurisdiction 11, rock mass 60 circumference are beaten anchor pole 59 simultaneously, and concreting 58.After concrete 58 has been built, and take this concrete of building 58 and provide the propelling counter-force as main frame propulsion system 7, so far pattern is converted to the pipe sheet assembling Pattern completion, after this tunnel according to earth pressure balance pattern and shield structure open type driving excavation, the later stage transition processing is done in the supporting of two kinds of boring mode handover regions;
Anterior shield housing 30 upper left quarters and the upper right quarter of described anterior shield 2 are furnished with stabilizer 3, and right lower quadrant and lower left quarter are provided with two groups of anterior shield oscillating cylinders 31; Be provided with pre-grouting mouth, screw machine early gate 32, swell soil mouth 34 on the dividing plate be connected with the anterior shield housing 30 of anterior shield 2, be parallel to the leading rig reserved opening 35, water jet 36, foam mouth 37, industrial air mouth 38, soil pressure case 39 of axis, tunnel direction, disassembled anterior shield stirring rod 33, add the netted wear resistance electrode of welding rod on anterior shield stirring rod 33;
Be furnished with propelling cylinder 41 in the middle shield housing 40 of described middle shield 6, be provided with pre-grouting pipe 42 between the junction of propelling cylinder 41, and be arranged in lower left and bottom-right two groups of shield oscillating cylinders 15 that amount to four, tail shield 8 is disassembled tubular construction, and housing arranges the swell soil injected system outward;
Positive beneficial effect: hybrid TBM of the present invention, to take traditional earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS as basis, the principle of hard rock mole (TBM) and a kind of tunnel machine of advantage have been drawn, be adapted to weak soil, hard rock, and soft or hard replace stratum, be specially silts, glue, the constructing tunnel engineering machinery of powder, sand, ovum gravel, ground consisting of hard rock.Stable to controlling face when soft stratum tunnels, very favourable when ground settlement and assurance construction safety; Advantageous particularly to the construction flexibility in ground consisting of hard rock.Hybrid TBM can require to adopt earth pressure balanced, shield structure open type, the construction of TBM pattern according to stratum geological condition, buried depth situation, tunnel support, and in the situation that needs carry out pattern conversion construction, be particularly useful for municipal underground construction, can be applicable to weak soil, soft rock, hard rock, transition stratum and underground engineering construction equipment alternately simultaneously.The invention solves equipment geological adaptability and Tunnel wall supporting flexibility construction demand in weak soil, soft rock, transition compound stratum, ground consisting of hard rock simultaneously.Equipment had both had hard rock speedy drivage function, had again the excavation face equilibrium function; Not only there is the pipe sheet assembling lining cutting and prop up protective function, and function, the mode of slagging tap that can realize again the flexible supporting of hole wall can adopt the conveying worm mode of slagging tap, also can adopt the main frame conveyor mode of slagging tap.Make Earth Pressure Balance Shield Technology and TBM interpenetrate, mutually merge, expanded the geology accommodation of equipment, make the separate unit tunneling equipment there is geological adaptability widely, be applicable to the municipal underground engineering construction of the domestic overwhelming majority.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is earth pressure balance pattern of the present invention and shield structure its open mode main machine structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is TBM boring mode main machine structure schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the mode configuration schematic diagram of slagging tap under TBM pattern of the present invention or shield structure its open mode;
Fig. 4 is TBM pattern cutter head structure schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is anterior shield structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is shield structure structural representation in the present invention;
Fig. 7 be in Fig. 1 A-A to generalized section;
Fig. 8 be in Fig. 2 B-B to cross-sectional view;
Fig. 9 is that boring mode of the present invention is changed front hole wall support pattern structural representation to TBM;
Figure 10 is that boring mode of the present invention is to the rear hole of TBM conversion wall support pattern structural representation;
Figure 11 is the structural representation that TBM boring mode of the present invention is converted to earth pressure balance pattern or shield structure open type support pattern;
In figure, be: cutterhead 1, anterior shield 2, stabilizer 3, drive system 4, pressurize people storehouse system 5, middle shield 6, propulsion system 7, tail shield 8, leading rig 9, duct piece assembling machine 10, section of jurisdiction 11, conveying worm 12, post-matching leather belt machine 13, hinged oil cylinder 14, middle shield oscillating cylinder 15, dreg scraping bucket 16, slag-screening board 17, centre revolving joint 18, otch wearing layer 19, cutterhead steel work 20, chute 21, one section 22 of main frame conveyor, rubber tile dustproof 23, chain dustproof 24, water spray dust 25, dust cover 26, main frame conveyor telescopic oil cylinder 27, two section 28 of main frame conveyor, belt tension oil cylinder 29, anterior shield housing 30, anterior shield oscillating cylinder 31, spiral shell machine early gate 32, anterior shield stirring rod 33, swell soil mouth 34, leading rig reserved opening 35, water jet 36, foam mouth 37, industrial air mouth 38, soil pressure case 39, middle shield housing 40, propelling cylinder 41, pre-grouting pipe 42, rice word beam 43, girder 44, girder oil cylinder 45, girder pull bar 46, support shoe system 47, support ring 48, support boots oil cylinder 49, boots plate 50, slideway 51, self adaptation spring 52, support boots telescopic 53, the first section of jurisdiction ring 54, the second section of jurisdiction ring 55, the 3rd section of jurisdiction ring the 56, the 4th section of jurisdiction ring 57, concrete 58, anchor pole 59, rock mass 60.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further illustrated:
The described hybrid TBM with multiple boring mode, comprise cutterhead 1, and the drive system 4 be connected with cutterhead, support drive system 4 and anterior shield 2, the middle shield 6 be connected with anterior shield 2 of cutterhead 1, the propulsion system 7 that is arranged on middle shield 6 inside, the girder 44 be connected with middle shield 6, be arranged on anterior shield 2 stabilizer 3, be arranged on anterior shield oscillating cylinder 31 on anterior shield 2 and the post-matching leather belt machine 13 connected with middle shield oscillating cylinder 15, with girder 44 be arranged on middle shield 6; The earth pressure balance pattern also comprises with shield structure open type the centre revolving joint 18 be connected with cutterhead 1, is arranged on the duct piece assembling machine 10 on girder 44; The TBM pattern also comprises with the slag-screening board 17 that is arranged in dreg scraping bucket 16 on cutterhead and cutterhead 1 back, is connected to chute 21, support shoe system 47 on drive system 4, support ring 48, one section 22 of main frame conveyor, two section 28 of main frame conveyor.
As Fig. 4, described cutterhead 1 is the combined type cutterhead, and combined type cutterhead 1 has the ability that adapts to Different Strata, and cutter can be changed, changes the outfit or load in mixture.Cutterhead 1 is an integral solder steel work 20, and cutter head structure intensity can meet hard rock driving requirement of strength, and cutterhead 1 design can meet bidirectional rotation excavation demand, by adjustment cutterhead 1, turns to and can effectively regulate shield body rolling in the hard rock tunneling process.But cutterhead 1 simultaneous adaptation is in hard rock or soft rock, and the broken rock mode of cutterhead 1 both can adopt roll extrusion to break rock, can adopt again the broken rock of cutting, or the two is compound.In ground consisting of hard rock, driving should be take the broken rock of hobboing cutter as main, take cutting knife and serrated knife in soft rock strata as main, can guarantee in construction that cutterhead is to the compliance on this stratum and the reliability of construction.The cutterhead back is provided with dismountable anterior shield stirring rod 33, and cutterhead 1 front and rear is furnished with sediment improvement end port, can improve the ability that cutterhead 1 adapts to face, guarantees that cutterhead can adapt to the requirement of different geo-logical terrain driving.
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Fig. 4, anterior shield 2 is integral solder anterior shield housing 30, has and all advance to have to absorb the main frame effect of vibration under the hard rock geological conditions, and have the tool changing of obtaining space and stablize shield body function when tool changing; The oil cylinder that is arranged in anterior shield 2 upper lefts, upper right is stretched boots formula stabilizer 3, during driving, stretches out to be supported on radially with main frame, to move forward on excavation face; Form triangular support structure together with the contact point of stabilizer 3 and shield body bottom and excavation face, the oil cylinder of stretching boots can absorb the vibration that main frame transmits, and to cutterhead, 1 vibration forms semi-rigid constraint, can effectively reduce vibration and the noise of cutterhead; Owing to having increased obligatory point, increase the frictional force of shield body and excavation face to obtain larger reaction torque simultaneously, reduced the Rolling Velocity Aerocraft that the shield body causes due to cutterhead 1 moment of torsion.During as shield body generation rolling, cutterhead 1 can rotate the excavation driving round about, makes the shield body progressively get back to normal position.Be provided with pre-grouting mouth, screw machine early gate 32, swell soil mouth 34 on the dividing plate that anterior shield housing 30 connects, be parallel to leading rig reserved opening 35, water jet 36, foam mouth 37, industrial air mouth 38, the soil pressure case 39 of axis, tunnel direction.
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 5, be furnished with propelling cylinder 41 in the middle shield housing 40 of middle shield 6, be provided with pre-grouting pipe 42 between the junction of propelling cylinder 41, and be arranged in lower left and bottom-right two groups of shield oscillating cylinders 15 that amount to four, front shield oscillating cylinder 31 its function together is to swing by shield body band movable knife disc 1 the replacing space that obtains the limit cutter, and in the time of also can tunneling in hard rock geology, secondary master turns to and deviation-correcting function simultaneously.Be reserved with the pre-grouting mouth around middle shield 6, while in ground consisting of hard rock, running into breaking surrounding rock, can leading rig 9 be set at duct piece assembling machine 10 positions, carry out the operation of advance geologic grouting and reinforcing, the rack beams rice word beam 43 in middle shield.
Described conveying worm 12 is shaft type or ribbon conveyer, be welded on blade on axle and form semi-closed structure be beneficial to and carry loose quarrel soil in cylindrical shell, sharf front portion welding-on composite wear-resisting alloy piece, and on the composite wear-resisting alloy piece build-up wear-resistant welding rod again; Conveying worm 12 is provided with the base slider guiding device, remove the coupling flange bolt of screw machine front cylinder and anterior shield 2 during Welding Repair, hang and drag screw machine and extract out along slide block device by artificial guide chain, in main frame, sharf and front cylinder are carried out to the repair welding wearing layer.
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Fig. 7, Fig. 8, be arranged in anterior shield 2, shield 6, and the girder 44 of the shield structure body of tail shield 8 for hinged, float, girder 44 design forms and intensity meet duct piece assembling machine 10 strokes and segment assembly 1 and TBM and support shoe system 47 stroke requirements; Girder 44 tops are furnished with girder connecting rod 46, and lower disposed has girder oil cylinder 45; Duct piece assembling machine 10 and support shoe system 47 and 44 of girders are that slideway 51 supports; Support shoe system 47 and 44 of girders are furnished with fine setting spring 52; Support boots in support shoe system 47 are outside equipped with support boots telescopic 53 and are connected with boots plate 50 and support boots oil cylinder 49, and boots plate 50 is connected for the ball dumpling with 49 of support boots oil cylinders; 44 of support shoe system 47 and girders flexibly connect for sliding, and between boots plate 50 and hole wall, for flexible transition, support.
In shield structure open type or TBM boring mode as run into breaking surrounding rock, while needing advance geologic to reinforce, can arrange leading rig 9 at suitable position temporarily, have and carry out advance boreholes when passing through unstable country rock stratum, pre-grouting geology reinforcement effect, effectively reduce the engineering construction risk.When carrying out the advance geologic exploration, needs utilize the leading rig reserved opening 35 be arranged on anterior shield 2 dividing plates to be parallel to the direction geological exploration of axis, tunnel.
The present invention requires to adopt earth pressure balance pattern, shield structure to open wide boring mode, three kinds of pattern constructions of TBM boring mode according to Different Strata geological condition and construction tunnel support pattern, and, in the situation that needs earth pressure balance pattern, shield structure open type, TBM boring mode are changed mutually, meet respectively Different Strata construction and tunnel support mode demand.Below respectively different mode construction and pattern conversion are further elaborated:
1, earth pressure balance boring mode and shield structure open wide the boring mode common characteristic:
As Fig. 1, shown in Fig. 6, in tunneling process, using anterior shield 2, middle shield 6 as the support of drive system 4 and cutterhead 1, provide thrust by propulsion system 7 for the complete machine driving, and drive combined type cutterheads 1 revolution excavation driving by drive system 4.Combined type cutterhead 1 middle part that can adapt to Different Strata is furnished with centre revolving joint 18, be provided with separately independently swell soil and foam passage on centre revolving joint 18, can inject swell soil and foam to cutterhead 1 front simultaneously, within the very first time, the quarrel soil cut be stirred and obtains mixed effect preferably.Dregs through improvement enters the soil pressure storehouse in anterior shield 2 by combined type cutterhead 1, be delivered to post-matching leather belt machine 13 by conveying worm 12 again, then supporting trailer after post-matching leather belt machine 13 is delivered to, then transported outside hole by marshaling or continuous conveyor system.Main frame is coordinated to control by propulsion system 7 provides propulsive force to push ahead, and tunnels forward by the dilatory tail shield 8 of the hinged oil cylinder 14 of many groups.Simultaneously, duct piece assembling machine 10 segment assembly 11 circulations are driving forward, by the section of jurisdiction 11 of laying in advance, for driving provides counter-force, follows the synchronous grouting of section of jurisdiction backing to reinforce, and propulsion system 7 circulations change step to push ahead, the final tunnel formed by the ring pipe sheet built.
2, earth pressure balance boring mode feature:
As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 6, the shield structure is pushed ahead in the process of driving in propulsion system 7, the dregs that combined type cutterhead 1 excavates is full of the soil pressure storehouse in anterior shield 2, control the speed of slagging tap of conveying worm 12 simultaneously, make in the soil pressure storehouse to keep certain air pressure by the industrial air mouth 38 on anterior shield 2 dividing plates in case of necessity, finally reach soil pressure and air pressure balance cutterhead face Water And Earth Pressures that the dregs in the soil pressure storehouse produces, prevent that face from caving in, water burst, control to greatest extent ground settlement, reach the purpose of safe construction.Under this kind of boring mode, stabilizer 3, anterior shield oscillating cylinder 31, middle shield oscillating cylinder 15 are regained the work of refusing, and leading rig 9 wouldn't be installed.Anterior shield 2 otch wearing layers 19 can strengthen the otch abrasion resistance.When setting up part air pressure, earth pressure balance pattern driving necessity utilize the industrial air mouth 38 be arranged on anterior shield 2 dividing plates to set up part air pressure, balance face Water And Earth Pressures together with soil pressure.Carrying out pressure-maintaining maintenance need to enter native storehouse the time, by pressurize people storehouse system 5 as entering native storehouse spatial transition, for the operating personnel provides safeguard safely.
3, shield structure open type boring mode feature:
As Fig. 1, provide thrust by propulsion system 7 in shield structure open type boring mode, drive combined type cutterhead 1 cutting face ground by drive system 4, the ground fallen down enters the soil pressure storehouse in anterior shield 2.Do not need to set up soil pressure storehouse pressure in tunneling process, the clinker in the soil pressure storehouse is discharged through conveying worm 12 and post-matching leather belt machine 13.
4, TBM pattern feature
As Fig. 2, Fig. 3, under the TBM boring mode, need support boots, support ring 48 in assembling support shoe system 47.As shown in Figure 2.44 of the support boots of support in shoe system 47 and girders be for slideway supports, and can and 44 of girders adapt to support boots and 44 dynamic fine settings of girder by self adaptation spring 52.Support boots in support shoe system 47 are coordinated to control boots plate 50 stretching crags by support boots oil cylinder 49 and are obtained the friction counter-force, also be main frame the propelling counter-force is provided.49 of boots plate 50 and support boots oil cylinders be for the ball dumpling is connected, can realize and the hole wall between flexible contact, be convenient to obtain stable friction propelling counter-force.Support ring 48 is arranged in the support boots periphery of supportting shoe system 47 for disassembled annular steel structure connection.Curved section driving tuning has propelling cylinder to coordinate to control realization.
5, TBM driving cycle specificity
As Fig. 2, Fig. 7, the cyclic process of TBM driving stretches out for support boots oil cylinder 49 the protruding stretching crag of support boots driven in support shoe system 47, obtain the anti-propulsive force of friction, after the boots plate 50 stretching crags of the support boots in supportting shoe system 47, start a driving stroke, the support ring 48 held out against on the support boots that are connected in support shoe system 47 by propelling cylinder 7 obtains the propelling counter-force.After a driving stroke finishes, support boots oil cylinder 49 is regained and is driven boots plates 50 and regain, and realizes that by the support boots in support shoe system 47 and the stroke oil cylinder of 44 of girders the support boots in support shoe system 47 move forward a stroke simultaneously, the so far driving end of changing step.So repeatedly, driving constantly changes step forward to advance in the driving circulation.TBM pattern tapping process is after the hard rock clinker breaks rock by cutterhead 1 and through dreg scraping bucket 16, along with rotarily driving clinker, cutterhead 1 slips into chute 21 along slag-screening board 17, clinker falls into a section 22 of main frame conveyor, and advanced successively that rubber tile is dustproof 23, chain is dustproof 24, water spray dust 25, dust cover 26 enters two section 28 of main frame conveyor, and finally by post-matching leather belt machine 13, the hard rock clinker is transported to rear portion.The main frame conveyor can retreat certain stroke by main frame conveyor telescopic oil cylinder for one section 22 by the main frame conveyor and obtain the tool changing space when the needs tool changing.Tightening belt when two section 28 dirt-excluding bucket place of main frame conveyor is provided with belt tension oil cylinder 29 and can needs.
6, earth pressure balance pattern or shield structure open type---TBM pattern conversion
In propulsion system, 7 propelling cylinder 41 is after the pipe sheet assembling pattern advances main frame to a section of jurisdiction width stroke, regains in propulsion system 7 propelling cylinder 41.Now remove duct piece assembling machine 10, tail shield 8; shutting down and remove 55 liang of endless tube sheets of first section of jurisdiction ring the 54, second section of jurisdiction ring, remain the 3rd section of jurisdiction ring the 56, the 4th section of jurisdiction ring 57, is the follow-up work slot milling; support boots, support ring 48 in interim assembling support shoe system 47, now state is as Fig. 9.Adjust girder oil cylinder 45 and make girder 44 can meet dynamically fine setting requirement of girder 44,46, girder pull bar plays safety effect, carries out the propulsion system debugging comprehensively.After debugging, so far earth pressure balance pattern or shield structure open type are to TBM pattern EOC, as shown in figure 10.Tunnel afterwards according to the TBM pattern and carry out, Tunnel wall support reinforcement can launch with flexi mode with the later stage, and in two kinds of pattern conversion handing-over holes, position, the transition reparation follows supporting to carry out.
7, TBM pattern---earth pressure balance pattern or the conversion of shield structure its open mode
When boring mode need to be to the conversion of earth pressure balance pattern or shield structure open type, the support boots that shutdown will be supportted in shoe system 47 skid off from girder 44, remove support ring 48 simultaneously; And tail shield 8, duct piece assembling machine 10 are installed, and an assembled ring is to two endless tube sheets 11.Near section of jurisdiction 11, rock mass 60 circumference are beaten anchor pole 59 simultaneously, and concreting 58.After concrete 58 has been built, now state is as Figure 10, and take this concrete of building 58 and provide the propelling counter-force as main frame propelling cylinder 7, and so far pattern is converted to the pipe sheet assembling Pattern completion.After this, driving is according to earth pressure balance pattern and shield structure open type driving excavation, and the later stage transition processing is done in the supporting of two kinds of boring mode handover regions.
Above embodiment is only for illustrating the preferred embodiment of the present invention; but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment; in the ken possessed at described field those of ordinary skill; it any modification of doing within the spirit and principles in the present invention, is equal to and substitutes and improvement etc., within all should be encompassed in the technical scheme scope that the present invention asks for protection.
Claims (9)
1. the hybrid TBM with multiple boring mode and tunnel support mode, it is characterized in that: comprise the earth pressure balance boring mode, the shield structure opens wide boring mode, three kinds of construction boring modes of TBM boring mode, described earth pressure balance boring mode, the shield structure opens wide conversion mutually between boring mode and three kinds of construction boring modes of TBM boring mode, and according to corresponding geology operating mode and construction needs, the earth pressure balance boring mode, the shield structure opens wide boring mode and three kinds of construction boring modes of TBM boring mode are supporting has conveying worm to slag tap or the main frame conveyor mode of slagging tap, and corresponding pipe sheet assembling lining cutting or later stage hole wall support pattern,
Described earth pressure balance boring mode, the shield structure opens wide boring mode and the TBM boring mode comprises cutterhead (1), the drive system (4) be connected with cutterhead (1), the anterior shield (2) of support drive system (4) and cutterhead (1), pressurize people storehouse (5) and middle shield (6) that anterior shield (2) connects, be arranged on the inner propulsion system (7) of middle shield (6), the girder (44) be connected with middle shield (6), be arranged on the stabilizer (3) on anterior shield (2), be arranged on the anterior shield oscillating cylinder (31) on anterior shield (2), be arranged on the middle shield oscillating cylinder (15) on shield (6), and the post-matching leather belt machine (13) be connected with girder (44), earth pressure balance pattern and shield structure its open mode also comprise that the centre revolving joint (18) be connected with cutterhead (1), the conveying worm (12) that is connected in anterior shield (2), middle shield (6) are hinged by hinged oil cylinder (14) and tail shield (8), are arranged on the duct piece assembling machine (10) on girder (44), the TBM pattern also comprises the dreg scraping bucket (16) be arranged on cutterhead, the slag-screening board (17) at cutterhead (1) back, be connected to the chute (21) on drive system (4), support shoe system (47), support ring (48), the main frame conveyor telescopic oil cylinder (27) that main control system conveyor one section (22) retreats, two sections of main frame conveyors (28), belt tension oil cylinder (29), rubber tile prevent dust (23), chain prevent dust (24), water spray dust (25), dust cover (26), and be arranged in the leading rig (9) on shield (6), described cutterhead (1) is the combined type cutterhead, and cutterhead (1) is an integral solder steel work.
2. a kind of hybrid TBM with multiple boring mode and tunnel support mode according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: when the excavation face poor stability or be moisture more weak soil, soft rock, grit and hard-soft heterogeneous ground, adopt the construction of earth pressure balance boring mode according to geology and buried depth situation, by conveying worm (12), coordinate post-matching leather belt machine (13) to slag tap, follow duct piece assembling machine (10) segment assembly (11), backing grouting support mode to construct; When this kind of pattern driving, cutterhead (1) propelling with pressure, utilize cutterhead (1) and native storehouse in soil pressure and air pressure is realized and hydraulic pressure, the soil pressure dynamic equilibrium of excavation face; Duct piece assembling machine (10) segment assembly circulation simultaneously is driving forward, provide counter-force by the section of jurisdiction (11) of laying in advance for driving, follow the synchronous grouting of section of jurisdiction (11) backing to reinforce, propelling cylinder (41) circulation changes step to push ahead, the final tunnel formed by the ring pipe sheet built.
3. a kind of hybrid TBM with multiple boring mode and tunnel support mode according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: when stratum geology is ground consisting of hard rock, the excavation face can, from steady, adopt shield structure its open mode driving while according to construction requirement, adopting supporting tunnel, section of jurisdiction; The hole wall adopts pipe sheet assembling, lining cutting supporting, and the mode of slagging tap adopts the main frame conveyor to coordinate post-matching leather belt machine (13) mode of slagging tap to construct; Shield structure its open mode construction in hard rock geology, be specially combined type cutterhead (1) does not need to set up Water And Earth Pressures when the excavation face, and the dregs that knife cutting gets off coordinates post-matching leather belt machine (13) to slag tap by conveying worm; Duct piece assembling machine (10) segment assembly (11) circulation simultaneously is driving forward, provide counter-force by the section of jurisdiction (11) of laying in advance for driving, follow the synchronous grouting of section of jurisdiction backing to reinforce, propelling cylinder (41) circulation changes step to push ahead, the final tunnel formed by the ring pipe sheet built.
4. a kind of hybrid TBM with multiple boring mode and tunnel support mode according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: when the excavation stratum is ground consisting of hard rock, during construction requirement employing later stage hole wall support pattern, can adopt the TBM boring mode according to construction requirement; The mode of slagging tap adopts the main frame conveyor to coordinate post-matching leather belt machine (13) to slag tap, and hole wall supporting adopts later stage hole wall supporting flexibly to be constructed; Now main frame anury shield (8), duct piece assembling machine (10), conveying worm (12), and change cutter, increase slag-screening board (17), chute (21), main frame conveyor, support shoe system (47), support ring (48); During driving, without setting up the face Water And Earth Pressures, advancing the support boots of counter-force in support shoe system (47) to be supported on the friction counter-force produced on crag provides, and tuning obtains progressive error by propelling cylinder (41) stretching support ring (48) and realizes; Tunnel support adopts later stage support pattern flexibly, beats anchor pole, hangs steel mesh reinforcement, sprays concrete or the construction of steel supporting way, the final continuous tunnel formed by later stage supporting and protection structure that forms.
5. a kind of hybrid TBM with multiple boring mode and tunnel support mode according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: when the excavation stratum, weak bottom changes stability ground consisting of hard rock preferably into, while according to the construction demand, adopting that the later stage, wall supporting in hole was constructed flexibly, boring mode need be converted to the TBM pattern by earth pressure balance pattern or shield structure open type; Need to remove duct piece assembling machine (10), tail shield (8), centre revolving joint (18), slag-screening board (17), chute (21), main frame conveyor, support shoe system (47), support ring (48) are installed; Stretch out the frictional force of the support boots stretching crag generation in support shoe system (47) as advancing counter-force by support boots oil cylinders (49), advance tuning by propelling cylinder (41), circulation changes step to tunnel forward, and the mode that first connects hole wall supporting again according to tunnel is constructed, and finally forms the moulding tunnel.
6. a kind of hybrid TBM with multiple boring mode and tunnel support mode according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: when the excavation stratum is changed soft rock, weak soil, transition compound stratum into or, now needs boring mode is converted to shield structure open type or earth pressure balance pattern by the TBM boring mode need to wall supporting in hole is converted to the pipe-plate lining supporting by the later stage by support pattern the time according to construction; An assembled ring is to two endless tube sheets (11), and near section of jurisdiction (11), rock mass (60) circumference is beaten anchor pole (59) simultaneously, and concreting (58); After concrete (58) has been built, and take this concrete of building (58) and provide the propelling counter-force as main frame propelling cylinder (41), so far pattern is converted to the pipe sheet assembling Pattern completion, after this, driving is according to earth pressure balance pattern and shield structure open type driving excavation, and the later stage transition processing is done in the supporting of two kinds of boring mode handover regions.
7. a kind of hybrid TBM with multiple boring mode and tunnel support mode according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: anterior shield housing (30) upper left quarter and the upper right quarter of anterior shield (2) are furnished with stabilizer (3), and right lower quadrant and lower left quarter are provided with two groups of anterior shield oscillating cylinders (31); Be provided with pre-grouting mouth, screw machine early gate (32), swell soil mouth (34), the leading rig reserved opening (35) that is parallel to axis, tunnel direction, water jet (36), foam mouth (37), industrial air mouth (38), soil pressure case (39), disassembled anterior shield stirring rod (33) on the dividing plate be connected with the anterior shield housing (30) of anterior shield (2), add the netted wear resistance electrode of welding rod on anterior shield stirring rod (33).
8. a kind of hybrid TBM with multiple boring mode and tunnel support mode according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the middle shield housing (40) of middle shield (6), be furnished with propelling cylinder (41), be provided with pre-grouting pipe (42) between the junction of propelling cylinder (41), and be arranged in lower left and bottom-right two groups of shield oscillating cylinders (15) that amount to four, tail shield (8) is disassembled tubular construction, and housing arranges the swell soil injected system outward.
9. a kind of hybrid TBM with multiple boring mode and tunnel support mode according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: anterior shield (2), middle shield (6), and the shield structure body of tail shield (8) in girder (44) for hinged, float, girder (44) design form and intensity meet duct piece assembling machine (10) stroke and segment assembly (1) and the stroke requirement of TBM support shoe system (47); Girder (44) top is furnished with girder connecting rod (46), and lower disposed has girder oil cylinder (45); Between duct piece assembling machine (10) and support shoe system (47) and girder (44), be that slideway (51) supports; Be furnished with fine setting spring (52) between support shoe system (47) and girder (44); Support boots in support shoe system (47) are outside equipped with support boots telescopics (53) and are connected with boots plate (50) and support boots oil cylinders (49), and boots plate (50) is connected for ball pivot with supportting between boots oil cylinders (49); Flexibly connect for sliding between support shoe system (47) and girder (44), support for flexible transition between boots plate (50) and hole wall.
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| CN2011103174923A CN102383805B (en) | 2011-10-19 | 2011-10-19 | Mixed TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine) with multiple-boring mode and tunnel supporting mode |
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| CN2011103174923A CN102383805B (en) | 2011-10-19 | 2011-10-19 | Mixed TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine) with multiple-boring mode and tunnel supporting mode |
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