CN110656944B

CN110656944B - Single shield TBM

Info

Publication number: CN110656944B
Application number: CN201910958626.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘飞香; 杜雷功; 程永亮; 洪松; 彭正阳; 隋世军; 唐崇茂; 王伟; 范文军; 任鑫龙; 邵质中
Original assignee: China Railway Construction Heavy Industry Group Co Ltd; China Water Resources Beifang Investigation Design and Research Co Ltd
Current assignee: China Railway Construction Heavy Industry Group Co Ltd; China Water Resources Beifang Investigation Design and Research Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-10-10
Filing date: 2019-10-10
Publication date: 2021-05-25
Anticipated expiration: 2039-10-10
Also published as: CN110656944A

Abstract

The invention discloses a single shield TBM (tunnel boring machine), which comprises a shield and a thrust cylinder, wherein the shield comprises a front shield, a middle shield and a shield tail, the front shield and the middle shield are fixedly connected, the middle shield and the shield tail are fixedly connected, the front shield comprises a front panel and a rear panel, the end surface of a cylinder barrel of the thrust cylinder is connected with the front panel, and a piston rod of the thrust cylinder is used for tightly pressing a pipe piece in the thrust process to provide thrust counter force. Compared with the prior art that the front shield and the middle shield of the single shield TBM are connected through the hinged oil cylinder, the length of the shield is reduced. In addition, the end face of the cylinder barrel of the propulsion oil cylinder is connected with the front panel, and compared with the situation that the propulsion oil cylinder is arranged on the rear panel in the prior art, the length of a single shield TBM (tunnel boring machine) is further reduced. When the construction of bad geological tunnel sections such as broken zones or large deformation of soft rocks is carried out, the single shield TBM can pass through quickly and efficiently, so that the exposed time of the broken zones is reduced, and the risk of blocking the single shield TBM due to the large deformation of the soft rocks is reduced.

Description

Single shield TBM

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction equipment, in particular to a single shield TBM.

Background

The deep-buried long tunnel is generally constructed by adopting TBM (tunnel boring machine), but a TBM machine type suitable for the deep-buried long tunnel under complex geological conditions is not available so far.

The single shield TBM has the advantages of high tunneling speed, small surrounding rock disturbance, one-step structure forming, safe, environment-friendly and reliable construction, and is widely applied to tunnel engineering of railways, water conservancy, traffic, mines, municipal works and the like.

However, the single shield TBM in the prior art has a long host, cannot pass through a deep-buried long tunnel broken zone or a special geological tunnel section with large soft rock deformation, and the shield is easily locked due to collapse or convergence of surrounding rocks, so that jamming is caused.

Therefore, the problem to be solved by those skilled in the art is how to provide a single shield TBM capable of rapidly passing through a deep-buried long tunnel broken zone or a soft rock large deformation and other unfavorable geological tunnel sections.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide a single shield TBM, which has a short length of the main machine and can quickly pass through a broken zone of a deep-buried long tunnel or a bad geological tunnel section with large deformation of soft rock.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a single shield TBM, includes shield and thrust cylinder, the shield includes anterior shield, well shield and shield tail, the anterior shield with well shield fixed connection, well shield with shield tail fixed connection, the anterior shield includes front panel and rear panel, thrust cylinder's cylinder terminal surface with the front panel links to each other, thrust cylinder's piston rod is used for compressing tightly the section of jurisdiction in propulsion process to provide propulsion counter-force.

Preferably, the anterior shield is provided with an anterior shield flange, the middle shield is provided with a middle shield flange, a sealing ring is arranged between the anterior shield flange and the middle shield flange, and the anterior shield flange and the middle shield flange are fixedly connected through a bolt.

Preferably, a reinforcing plate for reinforcing the strength of the front shield is arranged in the front shield, a first rib plate is arranged between the front panel and the reinforcing plate, and a second rib plate is arranged between the front shield flange and the reinforcing plate.

Preferably, the main drive for driving the cutterhead to rotate in the anterior shield comprises an integrated motor.

Preferably, an installation space for the integrated motor to extend into is reserved in an H frame used for being connected with a joist of the segment erector in the middle shield.

Preferably, the beam of the H frame is a circular arc beam to give way to the integrated motor.

Preferably, the propelling stroke of the propelling oil cylinder is the distance multiplied by the safety factor for propelling the half-ring segment width when using the hexagonal segment misalignment lap support.

Preferably, the middle shield is provided with a leading grouting opening which is connected with a grouting machine to reinforce a leading stratum.

Compared with the prior art that the anterior shield and the middle shield are connected through the hinged oil cylinder, the single shield TBM provided by the invention reduces the length of the shield by changing the connection mode of the anterior shield and the middle shield. In addition, the anterior shield and the middle shield are fixedly connected, so that the relative positions of the anterior shield and the middle shield can be kept unchanged. On the basis, the end face of the cylinder barrel of the propulsion oil cylinder is connected with the front panel in the front shield, compared with the prior art that the end face of the cylinder barrel of the propulsion oil cylinder is arranged on the rear panel in the front shield, the single shield TBM enables the propulsion oil cylinder to retract by changing the fixed position of the end face of the cylinder barrel of the propulsion oil cylinder, so that the cylinder barrel of the propulsion oil cylinder is partially hidden in the front shield, the extra shield length increased by arranging the propulsion oil cylinder can be shortened, and the host length of the single shield TBM is further reduced.

Therefore, the single shield TBM provided by the invention changes the position relation of the propulsion oil cylinder relative to the front shield by changing the connection mode of the front shield and the middle shield and matching with the adjustment of the fixed position of the end surface of the cylinder barrel of the propulsion oil cylinder, thereby reducing the host length of the single shield TBM in two aspects of eliminating the hinged oil cylinder and enabling the fixed position of the propulsion oil cylinder to move forwards. When the construction of bad geological tunnel sections such as deep-buried long tunnel broken zones or soft rock large deformation is carried out, the single shield TBM can pass through quickly and efficiently, so that the exposed time of the broken zones is reduced, and the risk of blocking the single shield TBM due to the soft rock large deformation is reduced.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an internal structure of a single shield TBM according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the inner structure of the shield of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the H rack of FIG. 1;

fig. 5 is a schematic view of the thrust cylinder and the segment of fig. 1.

The reference numerals in fig. 1 to 5 are as follows:

the device comprises a shield 1, a front shield 11, a front panel 111, a front shield flange 112, a reinforcing plate 113, a first rib plate 114, a second rib plate 115, a middle shield 12, an H frame 121, an advanced grouting opening 122, a shield tail 13, a propulsion oil cylinder 2, a cutter head 3, a main drive 4, an integrated motor 41, a spline 42, a pinion 43, a main bearing 44, a main drive flange 45, a segment erector 5, a joist 51, a main belt conveyor 6, a rear matching belt conveyor 7, a rear matching belt conveyor 8 and a segment 9.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The core of the invention is to provide a single shield TBM, which has a short host length and can quickly pass through a deep-buried long tunnel broken zone or a soft rock large-deformation unfavorable geological tunnel section.

Referring to fig. 1-4, fig. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating an internal structure of a single shield TBM according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the inner structure of the shield of FIG. 1; FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 2; FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the H rack of FIG. 1; fig. 5 is a schematic view of the thrust cylinder and the segment of fig. 1.

The invention provides a single shield TBM (tunnel boring machine), which comprises a shield 1 and a propulsion oil cylinder 2, wherein the shield 1 comprises a front shield 11, a middle shield 12 and a shield tail 13, the front shield 11 and the middle shield 12 are fixedly connected, the middle shield 12 is fixedly connected with the shield tail 13, the front shield 11 comprises a front panel 111 and a rear panel, the end surface of a cylinder barrel of the propulsion oil cylinder 2 is connected with the front panel 111, and a piston rod of the propulsion oil cylinder 2 is used for pressing a duct piece 9 in the propulsion process so as to provide propulsion counterforce.

It should be noted that the main point of the present invention is to shorten the length of the single shield TBM host to reduce the exposure time of the broken zone and the influence of the large deformation of soft rock on the card machine, so that the single shield TBM can safely and efficiently pass through the bad geological tunnel section such as the broken zone of the deep-buried long tunnel or the large deformation of soft rock.

Specifically, in the single shield TBM provided by the present invention, the anterior shield 11 and the middle shield 12 are fixedly connected, and the middle shield 12 and the shield tail 13 are fixedly connected, so compared with the prior art in which the anterior shield 11 and the middle shield 12 are connected by the articulated oil cylinder, the single shield TBM reduces the length of the shield 1 by changing the connection mode of the anterior shield 11 and the middle shield 12, that is, the articulated oil cylinder is not arranged between the anterior shield 11 and the middle shield 12, that is, the turning problem of the single shield TBM is not considered.

Practical application shows that the length of the shield 1 can be reduced by about 2m by canceling the hinged oil cylinder and directly and fixedly connecting the front shield 11 and the middle shield 12.

In addition, because anterior shield 11 and middle shield 12 are fixedly connected, the relative positions of anterior shield 11 and middle shield 12 can be kept unchanged. On the basis, the cylinder end face of the propulsion oil cylinder 2 is connected with the front panel 111 in the front shield 11, compared with the prior art that the cylinder end face of the propulsion oil cylinder 2 is arranged on the rear panel in the front shield 11, the single shield TBM changes the fixing position of the cylinder end face of the propulsion oil cylinder 2 to retract the propulsion oil cylinder 2, so that the cylinder part of the propulsion oil cylinder 2 is hidden in the front shield 11, the extra length of the shield 1 additionally increased by arranging the propulsion oil cylinder 2 can be shortened, and the host length of the single shield TBM is further reduced.

Therefore, the single shield TBM provided by the invention changes the position relation of the propulsion oil cylinder 2 relative to the front shield 11 by changing the connection mode of the front shield 11 and the middle shield 12 and matching with the adjustment of the fixed position of the end surface of the cylinder barrel of the propulsion oil cylinder 2, thereby reducing the host length of the single shield TBM in two aspects of eliminating the hinged oil cylinder and enabling the fixed position of the propulsion oil cylinder 2 to move forwards. When the construction of bad geological tunnel sections such as deep-buried long tunnel broken zones or soft rock large deformation is carried out, the single shield TBM can pass through quickly and efficiently, so that the exposed time of the broken zones can be reduced, and the risk of blocking the single shield TBM due to the soft rock large deformation is reduced.

It can be understood that the single shield TBM includes, in addition to the shield 1 and the thrust cylinder 2, a cutter head 3, a main drive 4, a main belt conveyor 6, a segment erector 5, a joist 51, a rear mating belt conveyor 7, a rear mating belt conveyor 8, and the like. The cutter head 3 is used for being in direct contact with rock soil, and the cutter head 3 is fixed on a main driving flange 45 of the main drive 4 so as to drive the cutter head 3 to rotate to break the rock through the output power of the main drive 4; the main drive 4 and the steel structural members supporting the main drive 4 are mounted in the anterior shield 11. One end of the main belt conveyor 6 is located at the center of the rear part of the cutter head 3, the other end of the main belt conveyor is located above the rear matching belt conveyor 7, after the cutter head 3 crushes rock soil, muck falls into the main belt conveyor 6 and is transported out of the tunnel through the rear matching belt conveyor 7, and the rear matching belt conveyor 7 is fixed on the rear matching belt conveyor 8. The segment erector 5 is mounted on a joist 51 and can move in a translational manner on the joist 51, and the joist 51 is fixed on an H-shaped frame 121 of the middle shield 12. The shield tail 13 is mainly reserved with a duct piece 9 assembling space. The tail section of the cylinder barrel of the propulsion oil cylinder 2 penetrates through the H frame 121, the propulsion oil cylinder 2 is supported in an auxiliary mode through the H frame 121, a piston rod of the propulsion oil cylinder 2 compresses the duct piece 9 in the propulsion process, and propulsion counter force is provided.

It should be noted that, please refer to the prior art for the structure of each part of the cutter head 3, the main drive 4, the main belt conveyor 6, the segment erector 5, the joist 51, the rear matching belt conveyor 7, the rear matching belt conveyor 8, and the like, and no further description is given herein.

Further, the connection manner of the front shield 11 and the middle shield 12 and the connection manner of the middle shield 12 and the shield tail 13 are not particularly limited in the present invention, and as a preferable solution, on the basis of the above embodiment, the front shield 11 is provided with the front shield flange 112, the middle shield 12 is provided with the middle shield flange, and a sealing ring is provided between the front shield flange 112 and the middle shield flange, and the two are fixedly connected by a bolt.

That is, in the present embodiment, the anterior shield 11 and the middle shield 12 are hermetically connected by using a seal ring and a bolt.

Preferably, the middle shield 12 and the shield tail 13 are fixedly connected by welding.

In addition, in the above embodiment, in consideration of the fact that the front shield 11 is required to have sufficient strength mainly due to the driving thrust received by the front shield 11 when the propulsion cylinder 2 is fixed to the front panel 111, a reinforcing plate 113 for reinforcing the strength of the front shield 11 is provided in the front shield 11, a first rib 114 is provided between the front panel 111 and the reinforcing plate 113, and a second rib 115 is provided between the front shield flange 112 and the reinforcing plate 113.

That is, in the present embodiment, the front shield 11 is divided into two regions by the reinforcing plate 113, the reinforcing plate 113 is located between the front panel 111 and the front shield flange 112, and then the first rib 114 is additionally arranged between the front panel 111 and the reinforcing plate 113, and the second rib 115 is additionally arranged between the front shield flange 112 and the reinforcing plate 113, so as to improve the overall strength of the front shield 11, so that the front shield 11 can meet the requirement of bearing the tunneling thrust.

Preferably, two ends of the first rib plate 114 are welded with the front panel 111 and the reinforcing plate 113 correspondingly; two ends of the second rib plate 115 are respectively welded with the front shield flange 112 and the reinforcing plate 113 correspondingly.

In order to ensure uniformity of the overall strength of anterior shield 11, it is preferable that the number of first rib 114 and second rib 115 is plural, and the plural first ribs 114 and second ribs 115 are respectively and uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of anterior shield 11.

In order to further shorten the overall length of the shield 1, the main drive 4 for driving the cutterhead 3 in rotation in the front shield 11 comprises an integrated motor 41, in addition to any of the embodiments described above.

That is to say, the main drive 4 is in the front shield 11, and the main drive 4 in this embodiment adopts the integrated motor 41, and the integrated motor 41 integrates the motor and the speed reducer into a whole, and is compact in structure, and compared with the conventional main drive 4 in the prior art that adopts the assembly structure of the variable frequency motor and the speed reducer, the whole volume of the integrated motor 41 is small, and the occupied space is small, so that the length of the front shield 11 can be properly reduced according to the space requirement occupied by the integrated motor 41, and the requirement of equipment performance under a small space can be met.

In consideration of the connection structure of the integrated motor 41 and the cutter head 3, specifically, a pinion 43 is provided on the output shaft of the integrated motor 41, and the pinion 43 is preferably connected to the output shaft of the integrated motor 41 by a spline 42; the cutter head 3 is fixed on a main driving flange 45 of the main driving 4, the main driving flange 45 is connected with a main bearing 44, and the main bearing 44 is provided with an inner gear ring for meshing transmission with the pinion 43. That is, the integrated motor 41 drives the pinion 43 to rotate, and the main bearing 44 drives the cutter head 3 to rotate to break rocks through the meshing transmission of the pinion 43 and the inner gear ring.

In order to further reduce the length of the shield 1, on the basis of the above-described embodiment, the H-frame 121 for connecting to the joist 51 of the segment erector 5 in the middle shield 12 is reserved with an installation space for the integrated motor 41 to extend into.

That is, the H-frame 121 is fixed to the center shield 12, and the H-frame 121 is preferably bolted to the joist 51 of the segment erector 5. Meanwhile, on the basis that the main drive 4 adopts the integrated motor 41 to reduce the size, the installation space for accommodating a partial structure of the integrated motor 41 is reserved on the H frame 121 in the embodiment, so that the integrated motor 41 can extend into the H frame 121, and the available space of the H frame 121 can be utilized to the maximum extent.

In consideration of the convenience of the specific formation of the installation space, on the basis of the above embodiment, the beam of the H-frame 121 is a circular arc beam to give way to the integrated motor 41.

That is, in the present embodiment, the cross beam of the H-frame 121 is designed into the circular arc shape, so that the circular arc cross beam and the vertical columns on both sides of the H-frame 121 together form the installation space, it should be noted that a person skilled in the art can adjust the distance between the two vertical columns according to the installation requirement of the integrated motor 41, for example, it is preferable to arrange the two vertical columns outward to increase the distance between the vertical columns on both sides.

In order to reduce the length of the single shield TBM as much as possible in the construction process, on the basis of the above embodiments, the propelling stroke of the propelling cylinder 2 is the distance for propelling the half-ring segment width when the hexagonal segment misalignment lap support is used, multiplied by the safety factor.

That is to say, the single shield TBM in this embodiment supports using the hexagonal segment in a supporting manner during the construction process, and the hexagonal segment is assembled by the staggered overlapping, as shown in fig. 4.

It can be understood that when assembling the next ring of pipe segments 9, the pipe segments 9 can be inserted into the grooves of the half ring pipe segment width of the previous ring of pipe segments 9, therefore, in the process of single shield TBM tunneling, the propulsion oil cylinder 2 only needs to propel the distance of the half ring pipe segment width, and the assembling operation of the adjacent pipe segments 9 can be realized. Compare in prior art with the propulsion stroke design of propulsion cylinder 2 for the distance of a ring section of jurisdiction 9 width, also promptly, propulsion cylinder 2 impels the distance of a section of jurisdiction 9 width at every turn, the propulsion stroke of propulsion cylinder 2 has been shortened to this embodiment, because section of jurisdiction 9 assembles the process and need accomplish under shield 1, consequently, the propulsion stroke of propulsion cylinder 2 shortens the back, also can shorten single shield TBM's host computer length correspondingly, thereby reducible broken time of taking to expose and the risk that reduces the card machine.

It can be understood that, consider the construction demand when the operation is assembled to adjacent section of jurisdiction 9, when section of jurisdiction 9 is assembled, except leaving the distance corresponding with section of jurisdiction 9 width, still need to leave certain construction space, also, on the basis of propulsion cylinder 2 need propelling the distance corresponding with section of jurisdiction 9 width, still need advance one section extra distance more, also, the actual propulsion stroke of propulsion cylinder 2 needs to multiply factor of safety on the basis of the distance corresponding with section of jurisdiction 9 width, this factor of safety is the same with conventional factor of safety when propulsion cylinder 2 impels among the prior art, this paper is no longer repeated.

On the basis of the above embodiment, the middle shield 12 is provided with a leading grouting port 122 for connecting with a grouting machine to reinforce a leading formation for a long-distance damaged zone and an unstable formation.

That is, the embodiment reserves the advanced grouting opening 122 on the shield 12, and the advanced grouting opening 122 can be connected with a grouting machine to reinforce the advanced stratum when constructing the long-distance damaged zone and the unstable stratum.

Preferably, the advanced grouting opening 122 is an advanced grouting opening welded on the shell of the middle shield 12 and communicated with the inside of the middle shield 12.

Further preferably, the number of the advanced injection ports 122 is at least two, and more than two advanced injection ports 122 are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the middle shield 12.

The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.

The single shield TBM provided by the present invention is described in detail above. The principles and embodiments of the present invention are explained herein using specific examples, which are presented only to assist in understanding the method and its core concepts. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A single shield TBM is characterized by comprising a shield (1) and a propulsion cylinder (2), wherein the shield (1) comprises a front shield (11), a middle shield (12) and a shield tail (13), the front shield (11) is fixedly connected with the middle shield (12), the middle shield (12) is fixedly connected with the shield tail (13), the front shield (11) comprises a front panel (111) and a rear panel, the cylinder end face of the propulsion cylinder (2) is connected with the front panel (111) so that the cylinder part of the propulsion cylinder (2) is hidden in the front shield (11), and the piston rod of the propulsion cylinder (2) is used for pressing a pipe piece (9) in the propulsion process so as to provide propulsion counter force;

the front shield (11) is provided with a front shield flange (112), a reinforcing plate (113) used for reinforcing the strength of the front shield (11) is arranged in the front shield (11), a first rib plate (114) is arranged between the front panel (111) and the reinforcing plate (113), and a second rib plate (115) is arranged between the front shield flange (112) and the reinforcing plate (113);

the main drive (4) used for driving the cutter head (3) to rotate in the front shield (11) comprises an integrated motor (41);

an installation space for the integrated motor (41) to extend into is reserved in an H frame (121) which is used for being connected with a joist (51) of the segment erector (5) in the middle shield (12).

2. The single shield TBM according to claim 1, wherein the middle shield (12) is provided with a middle shield flange, a sealing ring is arranged between the front shield flange (112) and the middle shield flange, and the front shield flange and the middle shield flange are fixedly connected through bolts.

3. Single shield TBM according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the beams of the H-frame (121) are arc-shaped beams to give way to the integrated electric machine (41).

4. The single shield TBM according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the propulsion stroke of the propulsion cylinder (2) is the distance for propelling the half-ring segment width when using hexagonal segment misalignment lap support multiplied by a safety factor.

5. Single shield TBM according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the middle shield (12) is provided with an advance grouting port (122) for connection with a grouting machine for reinforcement of advance strata.