CN102383056A - Novel iron-based self-lubricating material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Novel iron-based self-lubricating material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a novel iron-based self-lubricating material and a preparation method thereof. The iron-based self-lubricating material comprises the following raw material ingredients in percentage by weight: 5 to 5.4 percent of copper powder, 2 percent of manganese powder, 3.8 percent of nickel powder, 8 percent of chrome powder, 80 percent of iron powder, 0.2 percent of graphite powder and 0.6 to 1 percent of carbon fiber powder. The preparation method comprises the following steps that: all raw material ingredients are filled into a blender or a globe mill to be blended, after being uniformly blended, the raw materials are added into a steel die to be pressed, the pressure is controlled at 250MPa during the pressing process, the raw materials are sintered after being pressed after 50 seconds, the sintering temperature is controlled at 900 DEG C during the sintering process, and the raw materials are cooled along with a furnace to the room temperature after 2 hours to obtain the novel iron-based self-lubricating material which is produced through a powder metallurgical method. Due to the adoption of the novel iron-based self-lubricating material, the compression strength of the material can be improved by 9.5 to 24 percent while the low-friction performance of the self-lubricating material is maintained.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of oil-containing lubricant, particularly a kind of novel iron-based self-lubricating material and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Lubricant has 4 kinds: gas lubricant, fluid (is main with oil), railway grease (semi-solid state) and solid lubricant.
Liquid, semi-solid state is lubricated to be traditional lubricating system, also is to use the most a kind of lubricating system, but the TR that is suitable for is narrower, and supporting capacity decline under high temperature action, lubricity decay also can cause problems such as environmental pollution.Therefore, under the abominable occasion of operating mode, traditional lubricating method has been difficult to meet the demands.For those be in for a long time high temperature, at a high speed, heavy duty, metal to-metal contact or boundary lubrication condition component down, reduce and the control friction and wear particularly necessity that seems.
Solid self-lubricant material has greatly been broken through the operating limit of traditional material on performance, be applied to high-tech areas such as electronics, biology, space flight and aviation widely, is the direction that lubricated field has development prospect most
[18]
Powder smelting type lubricant is in metal fine powder, to add the proper amount of lubricating agent particle also to process through compacting sintering.It combines the physical strength of metal base and the tribological property of lubricant component, thereby better comprehensive performance is arranged, and also is the most frequently used solid lubricant.Also can according to whether oil-containing be divided into two types of self-lubricating material and oil-containing lubricants, the working condition of its use is also different.
Usually; The oil-containing lubricant is used for making rolling bearing retainer, lilliput socket bearing, slip electric contact material etc.; Make base material by refractory metal; With the matrix material that the quite high solid lubricant particle of content is formed, be to have high thermotolerance, very little frictional coefficient and the self-lubricating material of long friction durability.
Iron is the most frequently used metal, and the source is wide and cost is low, can satisfy most occasions of using; But owing in iron, added lubricant, generally use graphite, molybdenumdisulphide, tungsten disulfide etc., the intensity of iron-based self-lubricating material is decreased; General ultimate compression strength is only at 280～420Mpa, thereby limited the use in the higher occasion of some requirement of strength, and the present invention is a kind of novel iron-based self-lubricating material; Satisfying under the lubricating condition, making material have higher intensity.
Summary of the invention
The intensity low problem of the object of the invention in order to solve iron-based self-lubricating material in the prior art, and a kind of novel iron-based self-lubricating material is provided, satisfying under the lubricating condition, make material have higher intensity.
Technical scheme of the present invention
A kind of new iron-based self-lubricating material of the present invention, its raw material is made up of copper powder, manganese powder, nickel powder, chromium powder, iron powder, Graphite Powder 99 and carbon fiber powder.Wherein iron powder is for forming the material of matrix; Adding copper powder, is because the fusing point of copper is lower, helps the sintering of material; Adding manganese powder, is because manganese is to promote pearlitic forming element, makes matrix produce the perlite of part; Adding nickel powder, is because nickel powder can improve the high-temperature stability of body material; Adding chromium powder, is because chromium powder can form carbide, can improve the hardness of body material; Add Graphite Powder 99, with lubricate, thus the formation of promotion matrix perlite and carbide; Add carbon fiber powder, can strengthen the intensity of matrix, the auxiliary lubricity that improves material.
Wherein carbon fiber powder is a kind of novel filamentary material, and it is different from carbon fibre material, because carbon fibre material length is longer, when mixing with powder material, can produces and be entangled with and roll into a ball wadding, and the dispersion in powder material is difficulty comparatively.And carbon fiber powder belongs to powder material, and easy and powder material mixes, good dispersivity, but coating of particles keeps fibrous characteristics, under less yardstick, the matrix distinct portions is played action of traction, thus strengthen the intensity of matrix.
A kind of novel iron-based self-lubricating material, its feed composition count by weight percentage its composition and content following:
Copper powder 5～5.4%
Manganese powder 2%
Nickel powder 3.8%
Chromium powder 8%
Iron powder 80%
Graphite Powder 99 0.2%
Carbon fiber powder 0.6～1%
Wherein said iron powder, Graphite Powder 99, carbon fiber powder, nickel powder, manganese powder, copper powder and chromium powder granularity are respectively less than 200 orders.
Above-mentioned a kind of novel iron-based self-lubricating preparation methods comprises the steps:
(1), batch mixing
Various feed composition are added to mixer or ball mill carries out batch mixing together;
(2), compacting
After the raw material of step (1) mixing being added in the mould of steel, carry out compacting through depression bar and be shaped, the pressing process control pressure is 250MPa, and the time was 50 seconds, promptly gets the pressed compact after the compression moulding;
(3), sintering
Pressed compact after the compression moulding of step (2) gained is put into iron ware; And in container, add the graphitic cast iron iron filings, and pressed compact is imbedded in the iron filings fully, the container that pressed compact will be housed then carries out sintering at process furnace; 900 ℃ of sintering process control sintering temperatures; After 2 hours time, cool to room temperature with the furnace, promptly obtain a kind of new iron-based self-lubricating material that adopts powder metallurgy process to make of the present invention.
Technique effect of the present invention
A kind of novel iron-based self-lubricating material of the present invention has added carbon fiber powder in the material, in the low friction performance that keeps self-lubricating material; Because carbon fiber powder is extremely short a kind of fiber; When the iron-based self-lubricating material was stressed, the action of traction in the small scale scope improved the ultimate compression strength of iron-based self-lubricating material; Measure by GB GB/T 4740-1999 regulation; Its ultimate compression strength position 480～520MPa, with respect to the iron-based self-lubricating material that does not add carbon fiber powder, its intensity has improved 9.5～24%.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1, carbon fiber-containing metallography microscope structure iron (200 times)
Fig. 2, graphitiferous flour gold phase micro-structure diagram (200 times).
Embodiment
Through embodiment the present invention is further set forth below, but do not limit the present invention.
The mixer that the present invention is used or the model PMQW10L of ball mill, Shanghai precision instrumentation ltd;
The mould of the steel that the present invention is used; Form by mould cylindrical shell, depression bar and cushion block; Described mould cylindrical shell is a boring, and the boring shape of described depression bar shape and mould cylindrical shell adapts, and an end of depression bar is inserted in the boring of mould cylindrical shell one end; The other end of cylindrical shell is placed cushion block, depression bar the other end pressurization back is carried out compacting with realization to the raw material of putting into the mould cylindrical shell be shaped.
The microscope model 102XB-PC that the present invention is used, the prosperous forever opticinstrument in Shanghai Manufacturing Co., Ltd.
The specification of iron powder, Graphite Powder 99, carbon fiber powder, nickel powder, manganese powder, copper powder and chromium powder that the embodiment of the invention is used is following:
Used iron powder, iron-holder are 98.0%, and granularity is less than 200 orders;
Used Graphite Powder 99, the spent cathodes fragmentation forms, and granularity is less than 200 orders;
Used carbon fiber powder, carbon content are 85.0%, and granularity is less than 200 orders;
Used nickel powder, nickel content are 99.5%, and granularity is less than 200 orders;
Used manganese powder, manganese content are 99.5%, and granularity is less than 200 orders;
Used copper powder, copper content are 99.7%, and granularity is less than 200 orders;
Used chromium powder, chrome content are 99.95%, and granularity is less than 200 orders.
Embodiment 1
A kind of novel iron-based self-lubricating material, its feed composition count by weight percentage its composition and content following:
Copper powder 5%
Manganese powder 2%
Nickel powder 3.8%
Chromium powder 8%
Iron powder 80%
Graphite Powder 99 0.2%
Carbon fiber powder 1%
Above-mentioned a kind of novel iron-based self-lubricating preparation methods comprises the steps:
(1), batch mixing
Each feed composition is added to mixer or ball mill carries out batch mixing, mixing time 10 minutes together;
(2), compacting
After the raw material of step (1) mixing being added in the mould of steel, carrying out compacting through depression bar and be shaped, pressing process control pressure: 250MPa in 50 seconds of time, promptly gets the pressed compact after the compression moulding;
(3), sintering
Pressed compact after the compression moulding of step (2) gained is put into iron ware; And in container, add the graphitic cast iron iron filings, and pressed compact is imbedded in the iron filings fully, the container that pressed compact will be housed then carries out sintering at process furnace; 900 ℃ of sintering process control sintering temperatures; After 2 hours time, cool to room temperature with the furnace, promptly obtain a kind of new iron-based self-lubricating material that adopts powder metallurgy process to make of the present invention.
The carbon fiber-containing metallography microscope structure iron of the new iron-based self-lubricating material of gained is seen Fig. 1, and as can be seen from Figure 1 carbon fiber powder uniform distribution in material is non-directional, so material has better tissues and performance.In addition, measure compressive strength of specimens 480MPa by GB GB/T 4740-1999 regulation.
Embodiment 2
A kind of novel iron-based self-lubricating material, its feed composition count by weight percentage its composition and content following:
Copper powder 5.4%
Manganese powder 2%
Nickel powder 3.8%
Chromium powder 8%
Iron powder 80%
Graphite Powder 99 0.2%
Carbon fiber powder 0.6/%.
Above-mentioned a kind of novel iron-based self-lubricating preparation methods comprises the steps:
(1), batch mixing
Each feed composition is added to mixer or ball mill carries out batch mixing, mixing time 10 minutes together;
(2), compacting
After the raw material of step (1) mixing being added in the mould of steel, carrying out compacting through depression bar and be shaped, pressing process control pressure: 250MPa in 50 seconds of time, promptly gets the pressed compact after the compression moulding;
(3), sintering
Pressed compact after the compression moulding of step (2) gained is put into iron ware; And in container, add the graphitic cast iron iron filings, and pressed compact is imbedded in the iron filings fully, the container that pressed compact will be housed then carries out sintering in process furnace; 900 ℃ of sintering process control sintering temperatures; After 2 hours time, cool to room temperature with the furnace, promptly obtain a kind of new iron-based self-lubricating material that adopts powder metallurgy process to make of the present invention.
The new iron-based self-lubricating material of gained is measured compressive strength of specimens 520MPa by GB GB/T 4740-1999 regulation.
The comparative example 1
A kind of iron-based self-lubricating material, its feed composition count by weight percentage its composition and content following:
Copper powder 5%
Manganese powder 2%
Nickel powder 4%
Chromium powder 8%
Iron powder 80%
Graphite Powder 99 1%
Above-mentioned a kind of iron-based self-lubricating preparation methods comprises the steps:
(1), batch mixing
Each feed composition is added to mixer or ball mill carries out batch mixing, mixing time 10 minutes together;
(2), compacting
After the raw material of step (1) mixing being added in the mould of steel, carrying out compacting through depression bar and be shaped, the pressing process control pressure is 250MPa, and the time was 50 seconds, promptly gets the pressed compact after the compression moulding;
(3), sintering
Pressed compact after the compression moulding of step (2) gained is put into iron ware; And in container, add the graphitic cast iron iron filings, and pressed compact is imbedded in the iron filings fully, the container that pressed compact will be housed then carries out sintering in process furnace; 900 ℃ of sintering process control sintering temperatures; After 2 hours time, cool to room temperature with the furnace, promptly obtain a kind of iron-based self-lubricating material that adopts powder metallurgy process to make of the present invention.
The graphitiferous flour gold phase micro-structure diagram of the iron-based self-lubricating material of gained is seen Fig. 2, and as can be seen from Figure 2 the graphite uniform distribution in the material because the intensity of graphite is very little, is similar to hole in the tissue of metal, has therefore reduced the intensity of material.In addition, measure compressive strength of specimens 420MPa by GB GB/T 4740-1999 regulation.
Can find out that through the above embodiments 1, embodiment 2 and comparative example 1 added the iron-based self-lubricating material of carbon fiber powder in the raw material, the iron-based self-lubricating material that its compressive strength rate does not add carbon fiber powder has improved 9.5～24%.
The above content is merely the basic explanation of the present invention under conceiving, and according to any equivalent transformation that technical scheme of the present invention is done, all should belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. novel iron-based self-lubricating material is characterized in that its feed composition is counted by weight percentage its composition and content is following:
Copper powder 5～5.4%
Manganese powder 2%
Nickel powder 3.8%
Chromium powder 8%
Iron powder 80%
Graphite Powder 99 0.2%
Carbon fiber powder 0.6～1%;
Wherein said iron powder, Graphite Powder 99, carbon fiber powder, nickel powder, manganese powder, copper powder and chromium powder granularity are respectively less than 200 orders.
2. a kind of novel iron-based self-lubricating material as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that its feed composition is counted by weight percentage its composition and content is following:
Copper powder 5%
Manganese powder 2%
Nickel powder 3.8%
Chromium powder 8%
Iron powder 80%
Graphite Powder 99 0.2%
Carbon fiber powder 1%.
3. a kind of novel iron-based self-lubricating material as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that its feed composition is counted by weight percentage its composition and content is following:
Copper powder 5.4%
Manganese powder 2%
Nickel powder 3.8%
Chromium powder 8%
Iron powder 80%
Graphite Powder 99 0.2%
Carbon fiber powder 0.6/%.
4. like claim 1, the described a kind of novel iron-based self-lubricating preparation methods of 2 or 3 arbitrary claims, it is characterized in that comprising the steps:
(1), various feed composition is added to mixer together or ball mill carries out batch mixing;
(2), compacting
The raw material of step (1) mixing added in the punching block mould suppress, the pressing process control pressure is 250MPa, and the time was 50 seconds, promptly gets the pressed compact after the compression moulding;
(3), sintering
Pressed compact after the compression moulding of step (2) gained is put into iron ware; And in container, add the graphitic cast iron iron filings, and pressed compact is imbedded in the iron filings fully, the container that pressed compact will be housed then carries out sintering in process furnace; 900 ℃ of sintering process control sintering temperatures; After 2 hours time, cool to room temperature with the furnace, promptly obtain a kind of new iron-based self-lubricating material that adopts powder metallurgy process to make of the present invention;
Described graphitic cast iron iron filings particle diameter is 1～5 millimeter.
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Application publication date: 20120321 |