CN102383036A - Medium carbon alloy steel applicable to forging afterheat quenching - Google Patents
Medium carbon alloy steel applicable to forging afterheat quenching Download PDFInfo
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- CN102383036A CN102383036A CN2011103654780A CN201110365478A CN102383036A CN 102383036 A CN102383036 A CN 102383036A CN 2011103654780 A CN2011103654780 A CN 2011103654780A CN 201110365478 A CN201110365478 A CN 201110365478A CN 102383036 A CN102383036 A CN 102383036A
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Abstract
The invention relates to medium carbon alloy steel applicable to forging afterheat quenching. The alloy steel comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.25-0.55 percent of C, 0.20-0.60 percent of Si, 0.90-1.70 percent of Mn, 0.08-0.25 percent of Ti, 0.001-0.005 percent of B, less than or equal to 0.035 percent of P, 0.01-0.07 percent of S and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities. Based on characteristics of a forging afterheat quenching technology, novel steel is designed; in the steel, expensive Cr, Ni, V and other elements are substituted with cheap Mn and B, so that the alloy element with high price is saved; the mechanical property indexes of a product which is made of the steel under forging afterheat quenching conditions reach or are superior to the mechanical properties of the same-grade quenched-tempered alloy steel after thermal treatment; requirements of most of the conventional steel forged pieces on the mechanical properties can be met; the production cost is reduced; and the processing technology, the component design and the performance are combined well.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the steel alloy technical field, relate in particular to a kind of medium carbon alloy steel that is applicable to remnant forging thermal quenching.
Background technology
Quenched and tempered steel generally is meant the medium carbon steel of carbon content at 0.3-0.6%, generally speaking, when part requires to have the good comprehensive mechanical property, makes with this type steel; In the higher intensity of maintenance, have good plasticity and toughness again, people often use modulation treatment to reach this purpose, so people just are called quenched and tempered steel to this type steel traditionally.Structural parts on all kinds of machines adopts quenched and tempered steel in a large number, is most popular one type of steel in the structure iron.
Table 1 is that the raw material of common quenched and tempered steel is formed and weight proportion table (wt%), can find out that according to table 1 principal feature of quenched and tempered steel on chemical ingredients is middle carbon, and be aided with alloying.Main addition element has Mn, Cr, Si, Ni and B etc.The adding of these elements can improve the hardening capacity of steel, guarantees that mechanical component integral body has favorable comprehensive mechanical property, and this is the main objective of quenched and tempered steel composition design; Auxilliary addition element has carbide forming elements such as Mo, W, V, and they generally are added in contains in the main added elements steel, and content is less.Main effect is crystal grain thinning, the obdurability that improves temper resistance and steel.Quenched and tempered steel is generally in order to make big structural part, so hardening capacity is most important.Because Cr, Ni, V, Mo, W are all relatively more expensive, it is higher in quenched and tempered steel, to add these element costs.
Table 1
The thermal treatment process of quenched and tempered steel mainly adopts quenching+500-650 ℃ of high tempering at present, and does not adopt residual forging heat thermal treatment; Residual forging heat thermal treatment refers to a kind of technology of after forging, utilizing residual forging heat to heat-treat immediately; Comprising remnant forging thermal quenching, annealing and normalizing etc.; In these technologies, medium carbon steel is handled through remnant forging thermal quenching+high tempering can obtain better comprehensive performance.In conjunction with the process characteristic of remnant forging thermal quenching technology, exploitation is applicable to the medium carbon alloy steel of remnant forging thermal quenching, gives full play to the material and technology characteristic, under the condition of practicing thrift cost, still can obtain the excellent comprehensive performance and seem particularly important.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of can reducing cost, behind remnant forging thermal quenching, can obtain the medium carbon alloy steel of good comprehensive mechanical property.
The present invention realizes through following scheme:
A kind of medium carbon alloy steel that is applicable to remnant forging thermal quenching, the composition proportion of said steel alloy is:
C：0.25~0.55%； Si：0.20~0.60%：
Mn：0.90~1.70%； Ti：0.08~0.25%；
B：0.001~0.005%； P：≤0.035%；
S：0.01~0.07%，
Surplus is Fe and unavoidable impurities.
As improvement, the metallographic structure of said medium carbon alloy steel is a tempered sorbite.
Below introduce the characteristics of each element in the steel alloy of the present invention:
C: the most economic strengthening element, can effectively improve the hardening capacity of steel grade, improve martensite intensity through solution strengthening, carbide precipitate forms dispersion-strengthened after the tempering.
Si: solid solution can be played strengthening effect in the tempered sorbite matrix, is dissolved under the high temperature and improves hardening capacity in the austenite; Postpone the tempering transition of quenched martensite; Content greater than 0.60% condition under, it is remarkable to improve strength of materials effect, but toughness is had adverse influence.
Mn: increase stabilization of austenite, postpone proeutectoid ferrite and pearlitic transformation, postpone the tempering transition of quenched martensite, can form alloyed cementite with the carbon effect after the tempering, improve the strength of materials.The existence of manganese also helps microstructurally refined; Increase the relative quantity of precipitate, when content is higher, with the boron acting in conjunction; When speed of cooling is low, form bainite structure easily; But because the present invention is applied under the remnant forging thermal quenching condition, high temperature deformation has been postponed bainite transformation effectively, thereby the bainite transformation of be difficult for exerting an influence toughness of material and fatigue property.
B: the add-on of boron is very little, but action intensity is very big, and is relatively more cheap again, also is a kind of element of main raising hardening capacity, in middle carbon alloy quenched and tempered steel often as a kind of alloying element of effective raising hardening capacity.Under the high temperature; Boron gathers in defect areas such as austenite grain boundary, deformed belts partially; Can weaken the effect that manganese promotes that at high temperature austenite crystal is grown up; And this dynamic and quasistatic that can postpone alloy of gathering is partially replied and recrystallize, makes the high temperature deformation effect remain to as-heat-treated condition, the working hardening effect that can obtain.
Ti: the liquid TiN particle that generates is thick, and the solid-state Ti (CN) that separates out separates out TiC at a lower temperature, has certain precipitating reinforcing effect, improves ys; Combine to generate Ti4C2S2 with steel grade S, increase the material cutting ability; The compound of titanium can the pinning crystal boundary in the Forge Heating process, and the back tissue is forged in refinement; Can postpone answer and recrystallization process at heat dissolved titanium; Separating out of defect areas such as high temperature deformation band, also can postpone the dynamic and quasistatic of alloy and reply and recrystallize, stop the forging process grain growth, keep the high temperature deformation effect to as-heat-treated condition; And titanium can effectively receive catches the residual hydrogen that surpasses in the steel of solid solubility limit, can effectively improve the crackle of the anti-hydrogen property of steel, has guaranteed that this steel grade is difficult for producing the defectives such as white point that hydrogen causes under the remnant forging thermal quenching condition.
S: combine to generate MnS with Mn and be mingled with; Can refine austenite crystal grain in the high temperature forging process; Be beneficial to flexible and improve, MnS is mingled with to be beneficial to and improves the part machinability, but sulfide inclusion causes stress concentration easily; Reduce mechanical property, so the sulphur content scope after optimizing is: 0.01～0.07%.
P:P unit have the effect of solution strengthening, but is prone to cause toughness to worsen, and therefore as harmful element control, its composition range is :≤0.035%.
Usually; Adding Mn and B can improve hardening capacity in steel alloy; But can promote the appearance of bainite under certain condition; And the high temperature deformation of the present invention when utilizing Mn, B, element to forge with remnant forging thermal quenching as the main added elements that improves hardening capacity combines, and can effectively suppress bainite transformation, improved the hardening capacity of steel effectively; Utilize precipitation strength effect and the solid solution under high temperature deformation condition of Ti element under coldcondition and separating out effect, the pinning effect of the carboritride of molten titanium simultaneously; Can postpone the dynamic and quasistatic of alloy replys and recrystallize; Stop the forging process grain growth; Keep the high temperature deformation effect to as-heat-treated condition; Titanium can effectively catch, receive above the residual hydrogen in the steel of solid solubility limit simultaneously, can effectively improve the crackle of the anti-hydrogen property of steel, has guaranteed that this steel grade is difficult for producing the defectives such as white point that hydrogen causes under the remnant forging thermal quenching condition.
A kind of new steel grade that the present invention is directed to the residual forging heat quenching process characteristic Design; And this steel grade utilizes cheap Mn, B to substitute elements such as expensive Cr, Ni, V; Saved the higher alloying element of price, this steel grade in remnant forging thermal quenching, mechanical property after 500 ℃ of-650 ℃ of tempering is: tensile strength Rm is 1050 ~ 1200MPa; Ys RP0.2 is 780 ~ 970MPa; Unit elongation A is 13.5 ~ 18.0%; Relative reduction in area Z is 40.0 ~ 65.0%; Impelling strength Aku2 is 50 ~ 140J; This mechanical performance index reaches or is superior to the mechanical property after the thermal treatment of same level quenching and tempering steel; Can satisfy of the requirement of present most steel forgings, realize the reduction of production cost, design of complete processing, composition and well behaved combining to mechanical property.
Embodiment
Specify the present invention below in conjunction with embodiment
Embodiment 1
With raw material composition and weight proportion is C:0.35%; Si:0.52%:Mn:1.47%; Ti:0.15%; B:0.004%; P:0.005%; S:0.05%, surplus is that the medium carbon alloy steel of Fe is smelted, and in 850 ℃～1250 ℃ scope, forges into the pole of Φ 20mm diameter, forges the back oil cooling, 560 ℃ of tempering subsequently, the mechanical property after the tempering is seen table 2.
Embodiment 2
With raw material composition and weight proportion is C:0.25%; Si:0.53%:Mn:0.9%; Ti:0.14%; B:0.005%; P:0.011%; S:0.015%, surplus is that the medium carbon alloy steel of Fe carries out electrosmelting, is under 1000 ℃ the condition in finishing temperature; Steel billet rolls into the bar of Φ 55-100mm diameter respectively, rolls back cold bed air cooling, subsequently in 850 ℃～1250 ℃ interval ranges; Rolling bar is forged into again the pole of Φ 20mm diameter; Forge the back oil cooling, 500 ℃ of tempering subsequently, the mechanical property after the tempering is seen table 2.
Embodiment 3
With raw material composition and weight proportion is C:0.45%; Si:0.2%:Mn:1.48%; Ti:0.08%; B:0.003%; P:0.035%; S:0.04%, surplus is that the medium carbon alloy steel of Fe carries out electrosmelting, final forging temperature be under 1100 ℃ of conditions after the hot rolling die forging become auto parts, forge the back oil cooling, 560 ℃ of tempering subsequently, the mechanical property after the tempering is seen table 2.
Embodiment 4
With raw material composition and weight proportion is C:0.55%; Si:0.3%:Mn:1.7%; Ti:0.20%; B:0.001%; P:0.020%; S:0.01%, surplus is that the medium carbon alloy steel of Fe is smelted, be heated to 1250 ℃ after, axial workpiece is processed in die forging, forges the back oil cooling, 650 ℃ of tempering subsequently, the mechanical property after the tempering is seen table 2.
Embodiment 5
With raw material composition and weight proportion is C:0.30%; Si:0.6%:Mn:1.2%; Ti:0.25%; B:0.002%; P:0.025%; S:0.07%, surplus is that the medium carbon alloy steel of Fe is smelted, and carries out finish-forging after being heated to 1100 ℃, forges the back oil cooling, 560 ℃ of tempering subsequently, the mechanical property after the tempering is seen table 2.
Embodiment 6
With raw material composition and weight proportion is C:0.40%; Si:0.45%:Mn:1.00%; Ti:0.16%; B:0.005%; P:0.015%; S:0.03%, surplus is that the medium carbon alloy steel of Fe is smelted, and carries out finish-forging after being heated to 1100 ℃, forges the back oil cooling, 520 ℃ of tempering subsequently, the mechanical property after the tempering is seen table 2.
Embodiment 7
With raw material composition and weight proportion is C:0.50%; Si:0.25%:Mn:0.9%; Ti:0.09%; B:0.001%; P:0.018%; S:0.07%, surplus is that the medium carbon alloy steel of Fe is smelted, and carries out finish-forging after being heated to 1100 ℃, forges the back oil cooling, 600 ℃ of tempering subsequently, the mechanical property after the tempering is seen table 2.
Embodiment 8
With raw material composition and weight proportion is C:0.55%; Si:0.35%:Mn:1.6%; Ti:0.23%; B:0.003%; P:0.035%; S:0.02%, surplus is that the medium carbon alloy steel of Fe is smelted, and under 900 ℃ ~ 1250 ℃ condition, steel billet is forged into the pole of Φ 20mm diameter, forges the back water-cooled, 560 ℃ of tempering subsequently, the mechanical property after the tempering is seen table 2.
Comparative Examples 1
Cold quenching after 40 quenched and tempered steel are heated to 840 ℃, the mechanical property after tempering under 600 ℃ the condition is as shown in table 2.
Comparative Examples 2
Cold quenching after 40MnVB quenched and tempered steel is heated to 850 ℃, the mechanical property after tempering under 500 ℃ the condition is as shown in table 2.
Comparative Examples 3
Oil quenchinng after 40Cr quenched and tempered steel is heated to 850 ℃, the mechanical property after tempering under 500 ℃ the condition is as shown in table 2.
Comparative Examples 4
Oil quenchinng after 40CrNi quenched and tempered steel is heated to 820 ℃, the mechanical property after tempering under 500 ℃ the condition is as shown in table 2.
Comparative Examples 5
Oil quenchinng after 40CrMnMo quenched and tempered steel is heated to 850 ℃, the mechanical property after tempering under 600 ℃ the condition is as shown in table 2.
The medium carbon alloy steel that is applicable to remnant forging thermal quenching provided by the invention can adopt electric arc furnace or converter+external refining to smelt, and is cast into steel ingot or continuous casting becomes base, is rolled into products such as bar then.The material mechanical performance index reaches or is superior to the mechanical property after the same level quenching and tempering steel thermal treatment in the Comparative Examples under remnant forging thermal quenching, tempered condition; Can satisfy of the requirement of present most steel forgings to mechanical property, concrete mechanical performance data part table 2, remnant forging thermal quenching is cheaper with the cost of medium carbon alloy steel among the present invention; And utilize remnant forging thermal quenching; Thereby simplify technology, practiced thrift the energy, easy to utilize.
Table 2 is that the mechanical property of embodiment and Comparative Examples compares
| ? | R mMPa | R P0.2MPa | A% | Z% | A ku2J |
| Instance 1 | 1090~1130 | 840~920 | 14.5~17.0 | 50.0~57.0 | 90~120 |
| Instance 2 | 1120~1170 | 900~950 | 13.5~15.0 | 45.0~53.5 | 70~95 |
| Instance 3 | 1080~1120 | 820~890 | 14.5~17.0 | 50.0~60.5 | 80~105 |
| Instance 4 | 1050~1090 | 820~880 | 14.5~17.0 | 50.0~60.0 | 75~110 |
| Instance 5 | 1060~1100 | 840~900 | 15.0~17.0 | 50.0~60.0 | 80~115 |
| Instance 6 | 1080~1120 | 850~910 | 14.5~17.0 | 50.0~58.5 | 85~110 |
| Instance 7 | 1120~1200 | 900~970 | 13.5~16.0 | 40.0~48.5 | 50~80 |
| Instance 8 | 1070~1110 | 860~900 | 15.0~17.0 | 50.0~57.5 | 90~120 |
| Comparative Examples 1 | ≥750 | ≥550 | ≥17 | ≥38 | ≥45 |
| Comparative Examples 2 | 1000 | 800 | 10 | 45 | 60 |
| Comparative Examples 3 | 1000 | 800 | 9 | 45 | 60 |
| Comparative Examples 4 | 1000 | 800 | 10 | 45 | 70 |
| Comparative Examples 5 | 1000 | 800 | 10 | 45 | 80 |
Claims (2)
1. medium carbon alloy steel that is applicable to remnant forging thermal quenching is characterized in that the composition proportion of said steel alloy is:
C：0.25~0.55%； Si：0.20~0.60%：
Mn：0.90~1.70%； Ti：0.08~0.25%；
B：0.001~0.005%； P：≤0.035%；
S：0.01~0.07%，
Surplus is Fe and unavoidable impurities.
2. the medium carbon alloy steel that is applicable to remnant forging thermal quenching according to claim 1, the metallographic structure that it is characterized in that said medium carbon alloy steel is a tempered sorbite.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103320581A (en) * | 2013-06-05 | 2013-09-25 | 衡阳市鹏润锻造有限公司 | High-hardenability quenched and tempered steel heat treatment method |
| CN103710618A (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2014-04-09 | 马钢(集团)控股有限公司 | Steel for titanium-boron composite micro alloying afterheat treatment steel bar |
| CN106167881A (en) * | 2015-05-28 | 2016-11-30 | 东风商用车有限公司 | A kind of remnant forging thermal quenching micro alloyed steel |
| CN106282847A (en) * | 2015-05-28 | 2017-01-04 | 东风商用车有限公司 | A kind of remnant forging thermal quenching steel |
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| JP2000026933A (en) * | 1998-07-08 | 2000-01-25 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | Hot forging steel |
| CN101283109A (en) * | 2005-10-07 | 2008-10-08 | 都美工业株式会社 | Process for manufacturing roller shell of lower running body of construction machine |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2000026933A (en) * | 1998-07-08 | 2000-01-25 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | Hot forging steel |
| CN101283109A (en) * | 2005-10-07 | 2008-10-08 | 都美工业株式会社 | Process for manufacturing roller shell of lower running body of construction machine |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103320581A (en) * | 2013-06-05 | 2013-09-25 | 衡阳市鹏润锻造有限公司 | High-hardenability quenched and tempered steel heat treatment method |
| CN103320581B (en) * | 2013-06-05 | 2015-04-29 | 衡阳市鹏润锻造有限公司 | High-hardenability quenched and tempered steel heat treatment method |
| CN103710618A (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2014-04-09 | 马钢(集团)控股有限公司 | Steel for titanium-boron composite micro alloying afterheat treatment steel bar |
| CN106167881A (en) * | 2015-05-28 | 2016-11-30 | 东风商用车有限公司 | A kind of remnant forging thermal quenching micro alloyed steel |
| CN106282847A (en) * | 2015-05-28 | 2017-01-04 | 东风商用车有限公司 | A kind of remnant forging thermal quenching steel |
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Application publication date: 20120321 |