CN102382859B - Method for generating biogas through anaerobic fermentation by taking traditional Chinese medicine dregs as raw materials - Google Patents
Method for generating biogas through anaerobic fermentation by taking traditional Chinese medicine dregs as raw materials Download PDFInfo
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for generating biogas through anaerobic fermentation by taking traditional Chinese medicine dregs as raw materials. Medicine dregs produced in a pharmaceutical factory of traditional Chinese medicine are used as fermentation raw materials, are united with waste water of the pharmaceutical factory for anaerobic fermentation, and are properly proportioned with biogas slurry and water for composting pretreatment, a proper amount of NaOH is added after the mixture enters a pool, the TS (total solid) concentration of the fermentation raw materials is 7-9%, 10-15% of biogas slurry is added as an inoculum so as to realize quick start, and the biogas production efficiency is high. Partial biogas slurry flows back after normal operation so as to ensure the concentration of microorganisms in an anaerobic tank. The traditional Chinese medicine dregs are taken as main raw materials for fermentation to produce the biogas, cow dung and other fermentation raw materials do not need to be added, the operation is simple, the gas production effect is good, the utilization ratio of the raw materials is high, the problem of environment pollution caused by the medicinedregs and the waste water can be solved, and simultaneously biogas energy sources can be recycled.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of is the method that raw material anaerobic fermentation produces biogas with the Chinese medicine dregs of a decoction, belongs to organic waste comprehensive utilization technique field.
Background technology
China is Chinese medicine big producing country, according to incompletely statistics, about 700,000 tons of the plant medicine of the annual consumption of China's traditional Chinese medicine enterprise at present materials, the dregs of a decoction of generation are up to millions of tons (containing moisture).Because it has in various degree pollution to environment, so adopt the method for landfill to handle always, this has not only taken a large amount of land resources, has polluted soil and underground water, but also causes the waste of resource.Therefore how effectively to handle, utilize the Chinese medicine dregs of a decoction to become the problem that Chinese medicine manufacturer presses for solution.Because the Chinese medicine dregs of a decoction all are plant rhizome leaves, contain amount and micro-element nutrition material in abundant organic matter, carbohydrate and the crude protein etc., can recycle fully.With biotechnology it is carried out harmless processing, short its of fermentation becomes thoroughly decomposed, and just can produce high-quality fertilizer, can turn waste into wealth, and decontamination improves resource utilization, promotes the circular agriculture development, and significant, effect is remarkable.
The Chinese medicine dregs of a decoction can be used for culturing edible fungus, make fertilizer, burning boiler etc. acts as a fuel.Provide a kind of method of handling the Chinese medicine dregs of a decoction effectively as CN101619854, this method may further comprise the steps: extruding: the dregs of a decoction that will just extract push, and making dregs of a decoction water ratio is 60～75%; Machinery roll-in: will carry out multistage pressure roller through the dregs of a decoction of compression step gained and press dry and squeeze, and obtain water ratio and be 20～60% the dregs of a decoction; Burning: will send in the boiler through the dregs of a decoction that above-mentioned steps is handled and burn.This method can be regulated dregs of a decoction treatment process according to the size of production and life steam consumption.
CN1648107 discloses a kind of bio-organic fertilizer, is to contain organic matter, and the natural material of humic acid, trace element is major ingredient; Serve as secondaryly to expect with a kind of of industrial waste matter, tankage, people's animal dung, urine, the medium-height grass dregs of a decoction, discarded mushroom substratum, stalk, weeds or several.Earlier the pair material is adopted simplified thermophilic cellulose decomposing strain cultivation and vaccination, inoculation thermophilic fungi microbe.Anaerobically fermenting 3-6 month; The pair material that will ferment then evenly mixes with major ingredients such as the beneficial microorganism dominant microflora photosynthetic bacterium of merging weight ratio 1 ‰, yeast, carry out aerobic fermentation, major ingredient can account for the 30-48% of whole weight of material, fermentation time 5-14 days, after rising to 40-50 ℃, stirs leavening temperature 2-3 temperature control below 55 ℃.Namely get the two-step fermentation biological organic fertilizer.And can further make powdery or particulate state fertilizer.This bio-organic fertilizer contains the full price nutrient, has long-acting slow-release, and fertilizer efficiency reached more than 6 months, can increase production 10%-15% for vegetables, fruit, food crop.
Less for the research of dregs of a decoction anaerobically fermenting both at home and abroad at present, and need add conventional fermentation raw materials such as cow dung.Disclose a kind of two stage of Chinese medicine slag dry-type anaerobic fermentation technology as CN101987796A, by according to the fresh cow dung of certain mixed, mud and fermentation raw material, started hydrolization and acidification tank and aerogenesis jar stage by stage, realized that finally technology starts fast.The design hydrolization and acidification tank is 1: 4 with aerogenesis tank volume ratio, control hydrolization and acidification tank fresh material dosing rate every day is 40%, and aerogenesis jar dosing rate is 10%, and the hydrolization and acidification tank discharging is as the charging of aerogenesis jar, guarantee two jars into and out of conservation of matter, realize that whole technology moves continuously.
The present invention is directed to the Chinese medicine dregs of a decoction and pharmaceutical factory waste water, provide a kind of anaerobic fermentation to produce the method for biogas, relevant content is not appeared in the newspapers.
Summary of the invention
At the Chinese medicine dregs of a decoction problem of environment pollution caused of Edible Fungi, the invention provides a kind of Chinese medicine dregs of a decoction is the method that raw material anaerobic fermentation produces biogas.
Be the main raw material fermentation methane production with the Chinese medicine dregs of a decoction, need not to add other fermentation raw materials such as cow dung, easy and simple to handle, aerogenesis is effective, raw material availability is high, can solve the dregs of a decoction and contaminated wastewater problem of environment simultaneously, can reclaim biogas energy simultaneously.
The term explanation
Chi Rong: refer to that the anaerobic ferment devices that relates in this specification sheets comprises the general designation of the volume of methane-generating pit or anaerobic reactor, unit is cubic meter, is called for short cube.
TS concentration: total solid concentration, unit are mass ratio.
Anaerobic fermentation tank: the anaerobic reactor that is used for producing biogas.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of is the method that raw material anaerobic fermentation produces biogas with the Chinese medicine dregs of a decoction, comprises fermentation raw material is dropped in the anaerobic reactor, by the prior art producing methane through anaerobic fermentation; Wherein, think that the Chinese medicine dregs of a decoction are main fermentation raw material for 25～35 parts, after the stack retting pre-treatment, adding water to fermentation raw material TS concentration is 7～9%; Need add the natural pond liquid of 10～15% ponds appearance during the anaerobic reactor initial start-up as inoculum.
The described Chinese medicine dregs of a decoction are the residue after Chinese medicine manufacturing enterprise extracts Chinese medicinal herbs, wherein do not contain the composition and the Western medicine that suppress microbial fermentation; Dregs of a decoction water ratio is 75～80%, pH5～6.
The described Chinese medicine dregs of a decoction can be that single kind also can be the mixing of the some kinds of dregs of a decoction, only otherwise containing the composition and the Western medicine that suppress microbial fermentation gets final product, there are not other special restrictions, general commonly used having: hawthorn, betel nut, the dried immature fruit of citron orange, Loquat Leaf, Snakegourd Fruit, Semen Raphani, Semen Lepidii (Semen Descurainiae), balloonflower root, the capsule of weeping forsythia, cicada slough, the Radix Astragali, Radix Codonopsis, the tuber of dwarf lilyturf, Tuber Fleeceflower Root, Herba Epimedii, elegant jessamine, Radix Angelicae Sinensis, the red sage root, Spine of Chinese Honeylocust, marine alga, kelp, oyster, Semen Raphani, glutinous rehmannia, matrimony vine, shizandra berry, the root of kudzu vine, Japanese Honeysuckle, Snakegourd Fruit etc.
Described water is pharmaceutical factory of traditional Chinese medicine's cleaning of evaporator waste water, i.e. the cleaning of evaporator water in pharmaceutical factory, COD500～1000mg/L.
Described natural pond liquid is the interior natural pond liquid of biogas engineering of normal fermentation gas, preferably is the natural pond liquid of fermentation raw material with the stalk.
According to the present invention, be the method that raw material anaerobic fermentation produces biogas with the Chinese medicine dregs of a decoction, described in the prescription of each components in proportions such as above-mentioned fermentation raw material, step is as follows:
(1) with the fragmentation of the Chinese medicine dregs of a decoction, make its size evenly, length is less than 2cm;
(2) the Chinese medicine dregs of a decoction after in pretreatment pool step (1) being handled add natural pond liquid and water carries out stack retting, and mix, and the mass ratio of the Chinese medicine dregs of a decoction, natural pond liquid, water is 6: 2: 1 during stack retting, and turning every day once during the stack retting; The stack retting pretreatment time is 3～5 days, grows white hair to dregs of a decoction surface;
(3) anaerobic fermentation tank of packing into of the dregs of a decoction after step (2) is handled, adding water preparation fermentation raw material TS concentration is 7～8%, and to regulate pH value with NaOH be 8.5～9.0, need hold 0.1～0.15 cubic metre of natural pond liquid of adding as inoculum by every cubic metre of pond during initial start-up;
(4) step (3) charging back anaerobically fermenting produced biogas in 1～2 day, and it is 1.2～1.4m that the pond holds factor of created gase
3Biogas/m
3Fermentor tank, methane content is volume percent 60～65% in the biogas; The anaerobic fermentation tank hydraulic detention time is 7～10 days; Natural pond liquid backflow ratio is 10～20%.
The method of above-mentioned producing methane through anaerobic fermentation, it is as follows to continue step:
(5) dregs of a decoction after the fermentation carry out solid-liquid separation by solid-liquid separating machine in the step (4), and the natural pond slag can be used as fertilizer, and natural pond liquid is partly refluxed to anaerobic fermentation tank, and remainder can be modulated liquid fertilizer.
Be 3 days summer stack retting time in the above-mentioned preparation process (3), and be 4～5 days autumn and winter.
Adding the water that adds in the water preparation fermentation raw material in the above-mentioned preparation process (3) is pharmaceutical factory waste water.
NaOH used in the above-mentioned preparation process (3) is conventional streat drug, and the time spent adds water to molten, is used as the pH regulator agent.Preferably, with 0.3～0.4 part of NaOH dissolving back regulation system pH=8.5～9.0.
Above-mentioned preparation process (4) but but in also intermittent feeding of anaerobic fermentation tank reactor continuously feeding.
Method of the present invention is adapted to the complete hybrid anaerobic ferment devices of top charging, bottom discharge.
Be not particularly limited in the method for the present invention, select to get final product by this area routine techniques.
The inventive method compared with prior art excellent results is as follows:
1, the inventive method need not to add other raw material, need not specific device and equipment, and working method is simple, be easy to promote.
The present invention utilizes dregs of a decoction fermentation methane production, and this method and technology is easy, easy to operate, need not to add conventional fermentation raw materials such as cow dung, stalk, need not special device and equipment, is fit to the vast pharmaceutical factory of traditional Chinese medicine and adopts.
2, the inventive method dregs of a decoction consumption is big, but the mass disposal dregs of a decoction also can be handled pharmaceutical factory waste water simultaneously, and decontamination is applied widely.
Use the inventive method, by building the large-sized biogas engineering, can handle the dregs of a decoction that the pharmaceutical factory produces fully, simultaneously can with pharmaceutical factory waste water combined ferment, eliminate source of pollution such as pharmaceutical factory waste water, waste residue, the fermentation of anaerobism sealing does not simultaneously produce foul smell, avoids Ecological environment worsening around the pharmaceutical factory.
3, use the fermentation efficiency height of the dregs of a decoction after present method, produce daily large-mindedly, can improve the pharmaceutical factory economic benefit.
After using the inventive method, the pond of anaerobic fermentation tank holds factor of created gase can reach 1.2～1.4m
3Biogas/m
3, the gas producing efficiency height, good in economic efficiency.The biogas that produces can be used for the pharmaceutical factory burning boiler, reduces electricity charge expenditure, improves the pharmaceutical factory economic benefit.
4, present method can turn waste into wealth, and can be used as fertilizer after the dregs of a decoction fermentation, promotes recycling economy development.
The present invention utilizes dregs of a decoction producing methane through anaerobic fermentation, is the reasonable recycling to waste, can turn waste into wealth the protection environment; Liquid natural pond, produced simultaneously byproduct natural pond slag can be used as fertilizer, is applied to the farmland and can improves crop quality, promotes the ecological agriculture, and the state basic policy of the Sustainable development of simultaneous adaptation China, recycling economy promotes recycling economy and Sustainable development.
In sum, provided by the invention is the method that raw material anaerobic fermentation produces biogas with the Chinese medicine dregs of a decoction, use easy, gas producing efficiency is high, be easy to popularize, and is beneficial to environment protection and the ecological agriculture, be suitable for the pharmaceutical factory and apply.
Embodiment
The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiment, among the embodiment not in detail the explanation all by state of the art.Employed anaerobic fermentation tank is the complete hybrid fermentor tank of top charging, bottom discharge, and the tank body material is unrestricted, can select Reinforced Concrete Structure, enameling sheet, Lipp jar etc. for use.The side-mounted agitator of assembling in the tank body, the model of agitator is chosen according to the tank body volume size, about rotating speed 300r/min.Employed solid-liquid separating machine is raised the spiral squeezing type solid-liquid separating machine that environment protection energy-saving equipment Manufacturing Co., Ltd produces for Jining City's power, and model is JFJ260, and its water content of natural pond slag after extruding separates can reach about 40%.
Embodiment 1: southern Shandong pharmaceutical factory disappears and amasss the oral liquid dregs of a decoction, with pharmaceutical factory waste water anaerobic fermentation
The dregs of a decoction are mainly: hawthorn, betel nut, the dried immature fruit of citron orange, Loquat Leaf, Snakegourd Fruit, Semen Raphani, Semen Lepidii (Semen Descurainiae), balloonflower root, the capsule of weeping forsythia, cicada slough etc. for producing the Chinese medicine dregs of a decoction of the long-pending oral liquid that disappears.
Main nutritive index is:
Above per-cent is mass percent, full nitrogen, full phosphorus, full potassium, organic in butt.
A kind of is the method that raw material anaerobic fermentation produces biogas with the long-pending oral liquid dregs of a decoction that disappear, and the fermentation raw material proportioning is: the long-pending oral liquid dregs of a decoction 2t/d that disappears, pharmaceutical factory cleaning of evaporator waste water 5t/d.Step is as follows:
(1) the Chinese medicine dregs of a decoction are carried out fragmentation, length is less than 2cm.
(2) the Chinese medicine dregs of a decoction after in pretreatment pool step (1) being handled add natural pond liquid and water carries out stack retting, and mix, and the mass ratio of the Chinese medicine dregs of a decoction, natural pond liquid, water is 6: 2: 1 during stack retting, and turning every day once during the stack retting; Stack retting pre-treatment in summer 3d grows white hair to dregs of a decoction surface and is advisable.
(3) anaerobic fermentation tank of packing into of the dregs of a decoction after step (2) is handled, adding water preparation fermentation raw material TS concentration is 7.6%.And add 20kg/d NaOH adjusting raw material pH value=8.5～9.0, need hold by every cubic metre of pond during initial start-up and add 0.1 cubic metre of natural pond liquid as inoculum;
(4) step (3) charging back anaerobically fermenting produced biogas in 1～2 day, and it is 1.4m that the pond holds factor of created gase
3Biogas/m
3, methane content is 60～65% in the biogas.The anaerobic jar hydraulic detention time is 7d, and natural pond liquid backflow ratio is 10%.Reactor is intermittent feeding, and charging every day once.
(5) dregs of a decoction after the fermentation carry out solid-liquid separation by solid-liquid separating machine, and the natural pond slag is as fertilizer residue natural pond liquid modulation liquid fertilizer.
Embodiment 2: the southern Shandong pharmaceutical factory XINTONGKOU PIAN dregs of a decoction, and with pharmaceutical factory waste water anaerobic fermentation
A kind of is the method that raw material anaerobic fermentation produces biogas with the XINTONGKOU PIAN dregs of a decoction, is mainly: the Radix Astragali, Radix Codonopsis, the tuber of dwarf lilyturf, Tuber Fleeceflower Root, Herba Epimedii, elegant jessamine, Radix Angelicae Sinensis, the red sage root, Spine of Chinese Honeylocust, marine alga, kelp, oyster, the dried immature fruit of citron orange;
Main nutritive index is:
Above per-cent is mass percent, full nitrogen, full phosphorus, full potassium, organic in butt.
A kind of is the method that raw material anaerobic fermentation produces biogas with the XINTONGKOU PIAN dregs of a decoction, and the fermentation raw material proportioning is: the long-pending oral liquid dregs of a decoction 3t/d that disappears, pharmaceutical factory waste water 7t/d.Step is as follows:
(1) the Chinese medicine dregs of a decoction are carried out fragmentation, length is less than 2cm.
(2) the Chinese medicine dregs of a decoction after in pretreatment pool step (1) being handled add natural pond liquid and water carries out stack retting, and mix, and the mass ratio of the Chinese medicine dregs of a decoction, natural pond liquid, water is 6: 2: 1 during stack retting, and turning every day once during the stack retting; Stack retting pre-treatment in autumn 4d grows white hair to dregs of a decoction surface and is advisable.
(3) anaerobic fermentation tank of packing into of the dregs of a decoction after step (2) is handled, adding water preparation fermentation raw material TS concentration is 8%.And add 30kg/d NaOH adjusting raw material pH value=8.5～9.0, need hold by every cubic metre of pond during initial start-up and add 0.1 cubic metre of natural pond liquid as inoculum;
(4) step (3) charging back anaerobically fermenting produced biogas in 1～2 day, and it is 1.3m that the pond holds factor of created gase
3Biogas/m
3, methane content is 60～65% in the biogas.The anaerobic jar hydraulic detention time is 8d, and natural pond liquid backflow ratio is 15%.Reactor is intermittent feeding, and charging every day once.
(5) dregs of a decoction after the fermentation carry out solid-liquid separation by solid-liquid separating machine, and the natural pond slag can be used as fertilizer, residue natural pond liquid modulation liquid fertilizer.
Embodiment 3: certain pharmaceutical factory mixing dregs of a decoction, and with pharmaceutical factory cleaning of evaporator waste water anaerobic fermentation
The dregs of a decoction mix the dregs of a decoction for certain pharmaceutical factory of traditional Chinese medicine, and main component is: kind of Chinese medicinal materials surplus hawthorn, Loquat Leaf, Semen Raphani, the Radix Astragali, glutinous rehmannia, matrimony vine, shizandra berry, the tuber of dwarf lilyturf, Radix Codonopsis, the red sage root, the root of kudzu vine, Radix Angelicae Sinensis, Japanese Honeysuckle, Snakegourd Fruit, balloonflower root, kelp, oyster, the cicada slough etc. 40.
Main nutritive index is:
Above per-cent is mass percent, full nitrogen, full phosphorus, full potassium, organic in butt.
A kind of is the method that raw material anaerobic fermentation produces biogas to mix the dregs of a decoction, and the fermentation raw material proportioning is: the long-pending oral liquid dregs of a decoction 10t/d that disappears, pharmaceutical factory waste water 20t/d.Step is as follows:
(1) the Chinese medicine dregs of a decoction are carried out fragmentation, length is less than 2cm.
(2) the Chinese medicine dregs of a decoction after in pretreatment pool step (1) being handled add natural pond liquid and water carries out stack retting, and mix, and the mass ratio of the Chinese medicine dregs of a decoction, natural pond liquid, water is 6: 2: 1 during stack retting, and turning every day once during the stack retting; Stack retting pre-treatment in winter 5d grows white hair to dregs of a decoction surface and is advisable.
(3) anaerobic fermentation tank of packing into of the dregs of a decoction after step (2) is handled, adding water preparation fermentation raw material TS concentration is 9%.And add 100kg/d NaOH adjusting pH value=8.5～9.0, need hold by every cubic metre of pond during initial start-up and add 0.1 cubic metre of natural pond liquid as inoculum;
(4) step (3) charging back anaerobically fermenting produced biogas in 1～2 day, and it is 1.2m that the pond holds factor of created gase
3Biogas/m
3, methane content is 60～65% in the biogas.The anaerobic jar hydraulic detention time is 10d, and natural pond liquid backflow ratio is 20%.Reactor is continuously feeding.
(5) dregs of a decoction after the fermentation carry out solid-liquid separation by solid-liquid separating machine, and the natural pond slag is as fertilizer, and residue natural pond liquid is modulated liquid fertilizer.
Claims (4)
1. one kind is the method that raw material anaerobic fermentation produces biogas with the Chinese medicine dregs of a decoction, may further comprise the steps:
(1) with the fragmentation of the Chinese medicine dregs of a decoction, make its size evenly, length is less than 2cm;
(2) the Chinese medicine dregs of a decoction after in pretreatment pool step (1) being handled add natural pond liquid and water carries out stack retting, and mix, and the mass ratio of the Chinese medicine dregs of a decoction, natural pond liquid, water is 6:2:1 during stack retting, and turning every day once during the stack retting; The stack retting pretreatment time is 3～5 days, grows white hair to dregs of a decoction surface;
(3) anaerobic fermentation tank of packing into of the dregs of a decoction after step (2) is handled, adding water preparation fermentation raw material TS concentration is 7～9%; And with NaOH adjusting pH value 8.5～9.0, need hold by every cubic metre of pond during initial start-up and add 0.1～0.15 cubic metre of natural pond liquid as inoculum;
(4) step (3) charging back anaerobically fermenting produced biogas in 1～2 day, and it is 1.2～1.4m that the pond holds factor of created gase
3Biogas/m
3Fermentor tank, methane content is volume percent 60～65% in the biogas; The anaerobic fermentation tank hydraulic detention time is 7～10 days; Natural pond liquid backflow ratio is 10～20%;
The described Chinese medicine dregs of a decoction are the residue after Chinese medicine manufacturing enterprise extracts Chinese medicinal herbs, wherein do not contain the composition and the Western medicine that suppress microbial fermentation; Dregs of a decoction water ratio is 75～80%, pH5～6;
Described natural pond liquid is the interior natural pond liquid of biogas engineering of normal fermentation gas, and being selected from the stalk is the natural pond liquid of fermentation raw material;
Described water is pharmaceutical factory of traditional Chinese medicine's cleaning of evaporator waste water, COD500～1000mg/L.
2. the method for claim 1, it is as follows to it is characterized in that continuing step: the dregs of a decoction in (5) step (4) after the fermentation carry out solid-liquid separation by solid-liquid separating machine, the natural pond slag can be used as fertilizer, and natural pond liquid is partly refluxed to anaerobic fermentation tank, and remainder can be modulated liquid fertilizer.
3. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that be 3 days summer stack retting time in the step (2), and be 4～5 days autumn and winter.
4. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that the continuously feeding of anaerobic fermentation tank reactor or intermittent feeding in the step (4).
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