CN102382097B - 芳甲胺类衍生物及其药物组合物、制备方法和用途 - Google Patents
芳甲胺类衍生物及其药物组合物、制备方法和用途 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及药物化学和药物治疗学领域,具体涉及可作为预防或治疗良性肿瘤或癌症的芳甲胺类衍生物及其药物组合物、制备方法和医药用途。
背景技术
从中草药中分离得到的许多活性天然产物往往有比较丰富的生理功能,对它们进行适当的结构改造就有可能开发出活性高、特异性强的全新药物。基于我国国情,开展以活性天然产物为基础的创新药物研究是我国新药研发工作者应该予以高度关注的研究领域。已经广泛使用的从中草药中提取得到的活性天然产物很多,黄连素是其中使用最多的天然产物之一。黄连素又名小檗碱(Berberine),是中药黄连中的主要生物碱。我们在进行小檗碱类化合物的化学合成研究时,得到了一类芳甲胺类化合物中间体,通过查阅文献资料,我们发现该类化合物的结构与阿片生物碱那碎因(Narceine)的结构有相似之处,因此,我们进一步通过化学合成得到该类化合物的一系列类似物,并测试其针对良性肿瘤/癌症相关激酶的生物活性,以期发现一类新型的具有多靶标调控疾病网络或通路特点的结构新颖的潜在药物分子。
蛋白激酶与许多人类疾病如良性肿瘤/癌症、心血管疾病、免疫缺陷性疾病、传染病、神经性以及代谢方面疾病的发病机制密切相关,许多蛋白激酶已成为研究和开发治疗人类重大疾病药物的优秀靶标。
蛋白激酶催化蛋白质磷酸化从而改变其活性,这类酶用ATP或GTP作为磷酸基团的供体,而蛋白质中的丝氨酸、苏氨酸或酪氨酸等作为磷酸基团的受体。蛋白激酶是细胞信号通道中起化学修饰作用的成员,参与多种细胞功能诸如细胞生长、分裂、分化、细胞间相互作用、细胞与细胞外基质相互作用等调控。
Aurora激酶(AUR)家族是苏氨酸/丝氨酸激酶,该家族有3个成员,分别是Aurora A、Aurora B和Aurora C。Aurora家族3个成员的功能是参与调节中心体、微管功能,保证染色体的精确分离和有效的胞浆分离,它们通常都在G/M期达到高峰,调节着细胞周期中G/M转换,是调节M期进展的关键因子。Aurora激酶抑制剂是良性肿瘤/癌症分子靶向治疗的新领域,Aurora激酶抑制剂主要包含Aurora-A或Aurora-B靶点,单药已经在多种良性肿瘤/癌症细胞中显示了很强的抗良性肿瘤/癌症活力,大部分进入I期临床实验,其中VX-680已经进入Ⅱ期临床实验。Aurora激酶抑制剂与化疗、放疗联合抗良性肿瘤/癌症仍然处于细胞株研究阶段,联合作用都显示了更强的抗良性肿瘤/癌症效果,而与化疗的联合大部分集中在紫杉类药物方面。Aurora激酶抑制剂的抗良性肿瘤/癌症作用与良性肿瘤/癌症细胞内的p53状态有关:只增强突变型p53或无功能p53良性肿瘤/癌症细胞对放疗和替莫唑胺化疗的敏感性。Aurora激酶抑制剂抗良性肿瘤/癌症作用的前景广阔,因为其表达广泛,与很多信号通路交叉,与放疗、化疗都有协同作用[1][2]。
乳癌激酶(Breast tumor kinase, BRK)是1995年自转移性乳癌癌症中所找到的非受体型酪胺酸激酶(non-receptor tyrosine kinase)。由于其氨基酸序列(amino acid sequence)及蛋白质区块分析(domainstructure analysis)都和Src有很高的相似性,因此被列为Src酪胺酸激酶家族中的一员。属于Src-like酪氨酸激酶家族中的一员。其具有SH3,SH2及酪氨酸激酶催化区块。一开始是在人类具有高度转移性乳癌细胞中被发现,且其高度表现在乳癌以及许多其他的癌症细胞中,如黑色素细胞瘤以及大肠癌[3]。
表皮生长因子受体(Epidermal grovth factor receptor, EGFR)家族包括EGFR、ErbB2、ErbB4等4个成员,其家族受体酪氨酸激酶(RTK)以单体形式存在,在结构上由胞外区、跨膜区、胞内区3个部分组成,胞外区具有2个半氨酸丰富区,胞内区有典型的ATP结合位点和酪氨酸激酶区,其酪氨酸激酶活性在调节细胞增殖及分化中起着至关重要的作用。EGFR在许多癌症细胞中表达,如非小细胞性肺癌,乳腺癌、头颈癌,膀胱癌,胃癌,前列腺癌,卵巢癌、胶质细胞瘤等。ErbB2,又名HER-2/neu,是EGFR家族的第二号成员,在多种人类癌症中过度表达,如乳腺癌(25-30%)、卵巢癌(25-32%)、肺静癌(30-35%)、原发性肾细胞癌(30-40%)等[4][5]。
丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(mitogen—activated protein kinase,MAPK)信号传递途径是刺激信号从细胞表面到细胞核内的重要传递者,胞外信号调节激酶(extracellular signal-regulated kinase,ERK)作为MAPK家族中的一员,是一类丝/苏氨酸蛋白激酶,负责传递丝裂原信号的信号转导蛋白。它正常定位于胞浆,当激活后转位至胞核,调节转录因子活性,产生细胞效应,在调控细胞生长、发育、分裂及细胞间功能的同步性等多种生理功能中起着重要作用。现已在哺乳动物细胞中发现至少存在五种ERK亚族:ERK1/ERK2、ERK3/ERK4、ERK5。ERK1/ERK2是上世纪90年代初分离鉴定的一种蛋白激酶,是ERK家族中第一个被克隆,亦是表达最多,研究最多的成员。ERK1/ERK2可被各种生长因子、离子射线、过氧化氢等活化,进而调节细胞的增殖与分化、形态维持、骨架构建、凋亡与恶变等一系列生物学反应,被认为是一种增殖、转化和分化MAPKs[6]。
成纤维细胞生长因子受体(FGFR)家族成员有FGFR1、FGFR2、FGFR3以及FGF4。它们的特点是在胞膜外含有3个免疫球蛋白样结构域,其中在第1和第2结构域之间有一个含8个连续的酸性氨基酸结构,又称酸性盒结构域(acid box domain);胞浆内含有两个呈串联结构的酪氨酸激酶功能区。许多疾病与FGFR突变相关。FGFR功能获得性突变可引起良性肿瘤/癌症、侏儒症和颅缝早闭等疾病。FGFR1的突变可导致3种遗传性疾病:Kallman综合征、Pfeiffer综合征和osteoglophonic dysplasia;在一些恶性肿瘤中也出现FGFR1信号异常。FGFR抑制剂已被用于临床治疗。舒尼替尼是受体酪氨酸抑制剂,适用于肾细胞癌和胃肠道间质良性肿瘤的治疗;SU5402、PD173074和去甲基二氢创木酸是小分子FGFR抑制剂,可通过下调FGFR表达来治疗多种骨髓瘤[7]。
FMS-like Tyrosine Kinase 3(FLT3)是一种受体酪氨酸激酶,在造血干细胞、前体B细胞等的增殖、分化以及存活中具有重要作用。急性白血病的发病往往伴随着FLT3的异常活化,FLT3突变是造成其异常活化的主要原因,且FLT3突变的患者往往具有较差的预后。FLT3抑制剂的研究为白血病靶向治疗提供了广阔的前景[8]。
血管内皮生长因子(Vascular endothelial growth factor.VEGF)作为血管内皮细胞特异的有丝分裂原,直接参与血管形成,促进内皮细胞分裂增殖,促使新生血管形成,同时还能有效提高血管的通透性。VEGF是通过和其特异性受体结合发挥作用的,其中VEGFR-2(KDR/Flk-1)在调节内皮细胞增殖、分化反应中最为重要,是内皮细胞VEGF信号传导的主要执行者。KDR主要在内皮细胞表达,由胞外7个Ig样结构域,一个跨膜域和胞内域组成。VEGF与KDR结合后受体二聚体化,进一步激发KDR酪氨酸发生磷酸化,导致自身酶活性和下游信号相关酶的激活,从而调节血管内皮细胞相关反应。新生血管的形成对恶性肿瘤的生长是必不可少的因素,因此以KDR为靶进行药物设计和筛选已成为良性肿瘤/癌症治疗的有效途径之一[9]。
肝细胞生长因子(HGF)是一种间质来源的多效性生长因子,在不同类型的细胞中引发促有丝分裂、促细胞运动和形态学的活动。原癌基因C-Met编码的蛋白质属于生长因子受体类,编码肝细胞生长因子的受体,具有酪氨酸激酶活性。它不但诱导上皮细胞的增殖,而且诱导细胞的运动和侵袭。大量的实验研究表明,HGF/C-Met信号转导的激活与人类多种良性肿瘤/癌症的发生、发展及预后有关[10]。
血小板源性生长因子受体(PDGFR)基因包括a和b两种,即PDGFRa及PDGFRb。PDGFRa基因编码的蛋白质为一单链跨膜糖蛋白,属于Ⅲ型酪氨酸蛋白激酶受体家族成员。生理条件下,PDGFRa与其相应配体血小板源性生长因子结合,形成受体配体复合物并活化,活化的PDGFRa可以激活磷脂酰肌醇、cAMP及多种蛋白质的磷酸化途径,通过各种信号转导通路诱导相应基因表达,促进DNA合成,引起细胞分裂和增殖。另外,PDGFR与PDGF结合后在损伤愈合、炎症和脉管发生方面发挥重要作用,但当受体和/或配体异常时,则会导致许多疾病尤其是恶性肿瘤的发生并促进肿瘤内血管生成[11]。
PDK1(3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase-1,PDK1)可调节AGC激酶家族中一些重要蛋白激酶。这些激酶包括蛋白激酶B(PKB/Akt)、p70核小体S6激酶(p70 ribosomal S6 kinase,S6K)、血清和糖皮质激素诱导激酶(SGK)和蛋白激酶C(PKC)等,它们在细胞代谢、生长、增殖和存活等生理过程中具有重要作用。PDK1从被鉴定至今已有6年。有关PDK1结构、功能与调节的研究已取得较大的进展,尤其关于它对PKB、S6K、SGK和非典型PKC等活性的调节作用研究可能在某些癌症的研究方面具有一定作用。然而,至今还没有适合体内研究的高效、敏感、特异的PDK1抑制剂,这有待进一步研究[12]。
血清和糖皮质激素诱导的蛋白激酶(SGK)是丝氨酸/苏氨酸蛋白激酶家族新成员,也是TGF-β新的转录靶点。持续高水平的SGK蛋白表达和激活与多种疾病密切有关。如:高血压、糖尿病性肾病及良性肿瘤/癌症等[13]。
SYK是一种非受体酪氨酸激酶,是B细胞激活信号转导过程中最重要的激酶,与T细胞激活中的ZAP-70属于同一个PTK家族,是磷酸化ITAM(依赖酪氨酸的免疫受体活化基序)招募的首选对象,与之结合后而激活,进而启动B细胞活化信号转导途径,激活各种转录因子转位进入细胞核,使相应基因产物表达,调整B细胞等细胞克隆的蛋白质表达、细胞分化或凋亡。研究发现,Syk不但是免疫调节因子,在癌症如乳腺癌和消化道恶性肿瘤的发生发展中也发挥着重要的作用[14][15]。
TIE2是除血管内皮生长因子(vascular endothelia growth factor,VEGF)以外一个新的几乎完全是由血管内皮细胞表达的酪氨酸激酶受体。有研究发现,破坏TIE2功能可引发特异性血管缺陷,并引起胚胎死亡,破坏TIE2配体可引起相同缺陷,此现象提示TIE2/TIE2配体通道在胚胎血管发育中起着重要的作用。TIE2通道可能是除VEGF以外的良性肿瘤/癌症血管形成的潜在的重要交替通道[16]。
参考文献:
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[2]夏良平,周菲菲,刘强。Aurora激酶抑制剂的抗肿瘤作用[J]。临床肿瘤学杂志,2009,14,941-945
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[5]起丽纯,季佳莉,朱迅。以HER2/neu为靶点抗肿瘤治疗研究进展[J]。国外医学进传学分册,2002,25,33-36
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[7]时小燕,郭靓。成纤维细胞生长因子家族:生物学特性,病理生理学作用及相关治疗方法[J]。国际药学研究杂志,2009,36,376-379
[8]刘涛,刘珍珍,朱平等。FLT3在急性白血病靶向治疗中的研究进展[J]。中国药理学通报,24,1545-1548
[9]刘春平,张洋,李元。KDR酪氨酸激酶的克隆表达及纯化[J]。生物工程学报,2008,24,1545-1549
[10]黄建,陈衡。肝细胞生长因子及受体C-Met在宫颈癌的研究进展[J]。社区医学杂志,2008,6,34-36
[11]田巍,张著学,成元华。PDGFRA基因与胃肠道间质瘤[J]。贵州医药,2009,33,173-175
[12]刘革修。3一磷酸肌醇依赖性蛋白激酶1结构和功能[J]。生命科学,2005,17,387-391
[13]姜华军,刘建社,冯玉锡。血清和糖皮质激素诱导的蛋白激酶1在肾脏中的研究现状及展望[J]。临床肾脏病杂志,2005,5,189-191
[14]董青,单保恩。Syk-乳腺癌相关基因研究领域中的新分子[J]。中国免疫学杂志,2004,20,216-220
[15]问明,马振峰,陈保平。Syk与消化道恶性肿瘤关系的研究近况[J]。河北职工医学院学报,2008,25,82-84
[16]俞志明,冀春萱。Tie2-一种新的酪氨酸激酶受体对肿瘤血管形成的影响[J]。山西医科大学学报,2000,31,396-397
发明内容
本发明的一个目的是提供一种如式I所示的芳甲胺类衍生物及其可药用盐。
本发明的另一个目的是提供一种所述芳甲胺类衍生物及其可药用盐的制备方法。
本发明的又一个目的是提供一种包含治疗有效量的一种或多种所述芳甲胺类衍生物或其可药用盐的药物组合物。
本发明的再一个目的是提供所述芳甲胺类衍生物及其可药用盐在制备预防或治疗良性肿瘤或癌症的药物中的用途。
本发明所涉及的芳甲胺类衍生物及其可药用盐可通过选择性的蛋白激酶抑制/激动活性而治疗良性肿瘤或癌症。因此可开发成为新的治疗良性肿瘤或癌症的药物。
本发明提供一种如式I所示的芳甲胺类衍生物及其可药用盐:
其中,各自独立地代表双键或单键;
R1和R2各自独立地代表氢、羟基或烷氧基,或者R1和R2连接为亚甲二氧基;优选地,R1和R2各自独立地代表烷氧基,或者R1和R2连接为亚甲二氧基;特别优选R1和R2连接为亚甲二氧基;
R3和R4各自独立地代表氢、羟基或烷氧基,或者R3和R4连接为亚甲二氧基;优选地,R3和R4各自独立地代表烷氧基,或者R3和R4连接为亚甲二氧基;特别优选R3和R4各自独立地代表烷氧基;
R5代表氢、卤素、不饱和烃基或饱和烃基;优选地,R5代表氢、卤素或不饱和烃基;
R6代表氧、羟基或氨基;
R7代表氢、氧或硫;
上文所述的烷氧基是指具有1~7个碳原子的直链或支链的烷氧基。例如:甲氧基、乙氧基、正丙氧基、异丙氧基、正丁氧基、异丁氧基、叔丁氧基、仲丁氧基、正戊氧基、新戊氧基、己氧基、庚氧基等。优选具有1~4个碳原子的直链或支链的烷氧基,特别优选甲氧基或乙氧基。
上文所述的不饱和烃基是指具有2~7个碳原子的直链或支链的含烯键烃基或含炔键烃基。例如:乙烯基、1-丙烯基、2-丙烯基、1-丁烯基、2-丁烯基、1-戊烯基、1-己烯基、1-庚烯基、乙炔基、1-丙炔基、2-丙炔基、1-丁炔基、2-丁炔基、1-戊炔基、1-己炔基、1-庚炔基等。优选具有2~4个碳原子的直链或支链的含烯键烃基或含炔键烃基,特别优选乙烯基、1-丙烯基、乙炔基或1-丙炔基。
上文所述的饱和烃基是指具有1~7个碳原子的直链或支链的烷基。例如:甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、叔丁基、仲丁基、正戊基、新戊基、己基、庚基等。优选具有1~4个碳原子的直链或支链的烷基。
上文所述的卤素是指氟、氯、溴或碘。优选氯或溴。
与以上芳甲胺类衍生物成盐的酸根离子包括无机酸根离子、有机酸根离子和卤素离子,优选硝酸根离子、硫酸根离子、磷酸根离子、甲磺酸根离子、苯磺酸根离子、醋酸根离子、酒石酸根离子、枸橼酸根离子、马来酸根离子、琥珀酸根离子、柠檬酸根离子、水杨酸根离子、甘油酸根离子、抗坏血酸根离子、氟离子、氯离子、溴离子或碘离子。
优选地,本发明提供了如下结构的芳甲胺类衍生物:
本发明还提供所述芳甲胺类衍生物的制备方法,该方法包括如下步骤:
IA的合成:
将化合物2溶于四氢呋喃,降温至-40°C,逐滴加入正丁基锂,搅拌反应;而后,加入化合物1的四氢呋喃溶液,移至室温搅拌反应得到化合物IA;
上述步骤可进一步具体为:将化合物2溶于干的四氢呋喃(THF),降温至-40°C,逐滴加入正丁基锂(n-BuLi),搅拌反应1小时,溶液变为紫红色;加入化合物1的四氢呋喃溶液,移至室温搅拌反应过夜;加水淬灭,用二氯甲烷萃取,合并有机相,水洗,饱和氯化钠洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压蒸干,硅胶柱分离得化合物IA;
反应式1芳甲胺类化合物IA的合成
其中,R1、R2、R3、R4和R5的定义与式I中的相同,R6为羟基,且R7为氧;
IB的合成:
化合物IA与氯铬酸吡啶进行氧化反应生成化合物IB;
上述步骤可进一步具体为:将化合物IA溶于二氯甲烷,加入氯铬酸吡啶(PCC)的二氯甲烷溶液,搅拌反应3小时,加少量甲醇淬灭反应,硅藻土过滤,减压蒸干,硅胶柱分离得化合物IB;
反应式2芳甲胺类化合物IB的合成
其中,R1、R2、R3、R4和R5的定义与式I中的相同,R6为氧,且R7为氧;
IC的合成:
化合物IB在氨水和硼氢化钠的作用下,发生还原胺化反应生成产物IC;
上述步骤可进一步具体为:将化合物IB溶于四氢呋喃,加入氨水搅拌反应过夜,减压蒸干四氢呋喃,乙酸乙酯萃取,水洗,饱和氯化钠洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压蒸干溶剂。残余物加乙醇溶解后,加入硼氢化钠搅拌反应过夜,加水淬灭,减压蒸干四氢呋喃,乙酸乙酯萃取,硅胶柱分离得化合物IC。
反应式3芳甲胺类化合物IC的合成
其中,R1、R2、R3、R4和R5的定义与式I中的相同,R6为氨基,且R7为氧;
ID的合成:
化合物IA在Lawesson试剂的作用下,发生硫代反应生成产物ID;
上述步骤可进一步具体为:将化合物IA溶于甲苯,加入Lawesson试剂,加热至回流反应5小时,降至室温,硅藻土过滤,乙酸乙酯洗涤,减压蒸干,硅胶柱分离,得黄色固体化合物ID;
反应式4芳甲胺类化合物ID的合成
其中,R1、R2、R3、R4和R5的定义与式I中的相同,R6为羟基,且R7为硫;
IE的合成:
化合物IA在四氢铝锂的作用下,发生还原反应生成产物IE;
上述步骤可进一步具体为:将化合物IA溶于四氢呋喃,冰浴加入四氢铝锂(LiAlH4),搅拌反应30分钟,撤去冰浴,加热至60℃反应5小时,冷至室温,冰浴上加入水润湿的硫酸钠淬灭反应,硅藻土过滤,二氯甲烷洗涤,减压蒸干,硅胶柱分离,得白色固体化合物IE;
反应式5芳甲胺类化合物IE的合成
其中,R1、R2、R3、R4和R5的定义与式I中的相同,R6为羟基,且R7为氢。
本发明提供一种药物组合物,其包含治疗有效量的一种或多种所述芳甲胺类衍生物或其可药用盐和药学上可接受的载体。
在所述药物组合物中,所述芳甲胺类衍生物或其可药用盐或者它们的混合物占所述药物组合物总重量的0.001-99.9%,更优选占总重量的0.1-90%。
所述“药学上可接受的载体/可药用盐”是指药用允许的赋形剂、稀释剂、填充剂、黏合剂、湿润剂、崩解剂、表面活性剂或润滑剂等。
上述药物组合物可制备成的制剂包括片剂、粉剂、颗粒剂、胶囊剂、冲剂或注射剂等。
有益效果
本发明设计合成了芳甲胺类衍生物,通过对良性肿瘤及癌症相关激酶的活性测试,发现该类化合物具有广谱的或选择性的的多激酶抑制/激动活性,说明该类化合物具有潜在的预防或治疗良性肿瘤及癌症疾病的用途。本发明化合物合成简单,易于制备,且合成原料丰富。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步阐述,但不限制本发明。
制备实施实例
化合物IA-1(R1和R2连接为亚甲二氧基;R3和R4均为甲氧基;R5为氢;R6为羟基;R7为氧)的制备
N,N-二乙基-2,3-二甲氧基-6-甲基苯甲酰胺(上海达瑞化学)(2.0g,8.0mmol)溶于干的四氢呋喃(10mL),降温至-40°C,逐滴加入正丁基锂(4.0mL2.5M的正己烷溶液,10.0mmol),搅拌反应1小时,溶液变为紫红色。加入3,4-亚甲二氧基苯甲醛(上海达瑞化学)(8.0mmol)的四氢呋喃(5.0mL)溶液,移至室温搅拌反应过夜。加水淬灭,用二氯甲烷萃取(50mL×3),合并有机相,水洗(100mL×3),饱和氯化钠洗(100mL),无水硫酸钠干燥,减压蒸干,硅胶柱分离(PE/EA(石油醚/乙酸乙酯),1:1),得白色固体产物,产率40%。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ=7.30-7.35(m,3H),7.17(s,1H),6.97(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),5.95(s,2H),4.96(d,1H),3.87(m,6H),3.77(m,1H),3.42(m,1H),3.23(m,1H),3.15(m,2H),2.26(m,1H),1.32(t,J=6.8Hz,3H),1.01(t,J=6.8Hz,3H).
化合物IA-2(R1和R2连接为亚甲二氧基;R3和R4均为甲氧基;R5为溴;R6为羟基;R7为氧)的制备
N,N-二乙基-2,3-二甲氧基-6-甲基苯甲酰胺(上海达瑞化学)(2.0g,8.0mmol)溶于干的四氢呋喃(10mL),降温至-40°C,逐滴加入正丁基锂(4.0mL2.5M的正己烷溶液,10.0mmol),搅拌反应1小时,溶液变为紫红色。加入6-溴-3,4-亚甲二氧基苯甲醛(上海达瑞化学)(8.0mmol)的四氢呋喃(5.0mL)溶液,移至室温搅拌反应过夜。加水淬灭,用二氯甲烷萃取(50mL×3),合并有机相,水洗(100mL×3),饱和氯化钠洗(100mL),无水硫酸钠干燥,减压蒸干,硅胶柱分离(PE/EA,1:1),得白色固体产物,产率32%。1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ=7.29(m,2H),7.00(m,2H),5.98(s,2H),4.97(d,1H),3.86(m,6H),3.78(m,1H),3.45(m,1H),3.25(m,1H),3.14(m,2H),2.27(m,1H),1.30(t,J=6.8Hz,3H),1.00(t,J=6.8Hz,3H).
化合物IA-3(R1和R2连接为亚甲二氧基;R3和R4均为甲氧基;R5为乙烯基;R6为羟基;R7为氧)的制备
N,N-二乙基-2,3-二甲氧基-6-甲基苯甲酰胺(上海达瑞化学)(2.0g,8.0mmol)溶于干的四氢呋喃(10mL),降温至-40°C,逐滴加入正丁基锂(4.0mL2.5M的正己烷溶液,10.0mmol),搅拌反应1小时,溶液变为紫红色。加入6-乙烯基-3,4-亚甲二氧基苯甲醛(上海达瑞化学)(8.0mmol)的四氢呋喃(5.0mL)溶液,移至室温搅拌反应过夜。加水淬灭,用二氯甲烷萃取(50mL×3),合并有机相,水洗(100mL×3),饱和氯化钠洗(100mL),无水硫酸钠干燥,减压蒸干,硅胶柱分离(PE/EA,1:1),得白色固体产物,产率29%。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ=7.20(s,1H),6.94-7.09(m,4H),5.94(s,2H),5.54(dd,J=17.2,1.2Hz,1H),5.28(d,J=10.8Hz,1H),5.03(dd,J=10.8,3.2Hz,1H),3.85(m,6H),3.77(m,1H),3.46(m,1H),3.24(m,1H),3.12(m,1H),2.87(dd,J=14.8,3.2Hz,1H),2.43(m,1H),1.30(m,3H),0.98(m,3H).
化合物IB-1(R1和R2连接为亚甲二氧基;R3和R4均为甲氧基;R5为氢;R6为氧;R7为氧)的制备
化合物IA-1(1.0mmol)溶于二氯甲烷(10.0mL),加入PCC(氯铬酸吡啶)(2.0mmol)的二氯甲烷(10.0mL)溶液,搅拌反应3小时,加少量甲醇淬灭反应,硅藻土过滤,减压蒸干,硅胶柱分离(PE/EA,1:1),得产物382.0mg,产率80%。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ=7.25(m,2H),6.98(m,3H),6.02(s,2H),4.10(s,2H),3.88(m,6H),3.80(m,1H),3.51(m,1H),3.30(m,1H),3.18(m,1H),1.35(t,J=6.8Hz,3H),1.02(t,J=6.8Hz,3H).
化合物IC-1(R1和R2连接为亚甲二氧基;R3和R4均为甲氧基;R5为氢;R6为氨基;R7为氧)的制备
化合物IB-1(1.0mmol)溶于四氢呋喃,加入氨水10.0mL搅拌反应过夜,减压蒸干四氢呋喃,乙酸乙酯萃取,水洗,饱和氯化钠洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压蒸干溶剂。残余物加乙醇(10.0mL)溶解后,加入硼氢化钠(2.0mmol)搅拌反应过夜,加水淬灭,减压蒸干四氢呋喃,乙酸乙酯萃取,硅胶柱分离(PE/EA,1:1,加Et3N)得产物380.0mg,产率79%。1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ=7.26(m,2H),7.05(m,3H)5.95(s,2H),4.32(m,1H),3.87(m,6H),3.76(m,1H),3.48(m,1H)3.22(m,1H),3.10(m,2H),2.31(m,1H),1.35(t,J=6.8Hz,3H)1.06(t,J=6.8Hz,3H).
化合物ID-1(R1和R2连接为亚甲二氧基;R3和R4均为甲氧基;R5为氢;R6为羟基;R7为硫)的制备
化合物IA-1(1.0mmol)溶于甲苯(20.0mL),加入Lawesson试剂(对甲氧基苯基硫酰磷硫化物二聚体)(2.0mmol),加热至回流反应5小时,降至室温,硅藻土过滤,乙酸乙酯洗涤,减压蒸干,硅胶柱分离(PE/EA,1:1),得黄色固体450.0mg,产率91%。1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ=7.25(m,2H),7.02(m,3H),5.95(s,2H),4.96(d,1H),3.88(m,6H),3.68(m,2H),3.30(m,2H),3.12(m,1H),2.25(m,1H),1.31(t,J=6.8Hz,3H),1.08(t,J=6.8Hz,3H).
化合物IE-1(R1和R2连接为亚甲二氧基;R3和R4均为甲氧基;R5为氢;R6为羟基;R7为氢)的制备
化合物IA-1(1.0mmol)溶于四氢呋喃(20.0mL),冰浴加入四氢铝锂(2.0mmol),搅拌反应30分钟,撤去冰浴,加热至60℃反应5小时,冷至室温,冰浴上加入水润湿的硫酸钠淬灭反应,硅藻土过滤,二氯甲烷洗涤,减压蒸干,硅胶柱分离(PE/EA,1:1),得白色固体400.0mg,产率86%。1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ=7.26(m,2H),7.03(m,3H),5.97(s,2H),4.96(d,1H),3.89(m,6H),3.68(s,2H),3.14(m,1H),2.68(m,2H),2.46(m,2H),2.27(m,1H),1.25(t,J=6.8Hz,3H),1.02(t,J=6.8Hz,3H).
活性测试实验实施例
采用Caliper Mobility Shift Assay模式检测了本发明制备实施例中的各个化合物对一些酪氨酸激酶和丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶如AUR A、BRK、EGFR、ERK2、FGFR1、FLT3、HER2、KDR、MET、PDGFRa、PDK1、SGK、SYK和TIE2的活性影响。
实验步骤:
1制备1.25x激酶碱性缓冲液和终止反应缓冲液
1.1不含MnCl2的1.25x激酶碱性缓冲液
62.5mM HEPES(4-羟乙基哌嗪乙磺酸;N-(2-羟乙基)哌嗪-N'-2-乙烷磺酸),pH7.5
0.001875% Brij-35(布里杰-35)
12.5mM MgCl2
2.5mM DTT(二硫苏糖醇)
1.2含MnCl2的1.25x激酶碱性缓冲液
62.5mM HEPES,pH7.5
0.001875%Brij-35
12.5mM MgCl2
12.5mM MnCl2
2.5mM DTT
1.3终止反应缓冲液
100mM HEPES,pH7.5
0.015%Brij-35
0.2%Coating Reagent#3(包被试剂#3)
50mM EDTA(乙二胺四乙酸)
2制备化合物溶液
2.1将各化合物溶于100%DMSO配制成20mM的溶液,转移20μl(或2μl)的20mM化合物溶液到一孔,加入140μl的100% DMSO。各化合物浓度为2.5(或0.25)mM。
2.2在同一块96孔板上靠近化合物孔的旁边加入200μl的100%DMSO到两孔作为DMSO对照和不加酶的对照。
2.3转移8μl到另一96孔板并加入72μl的水。
2.4从96孔板的每孔取5μl转移到384孔的测定板,每孔对应转移成两份。96孔板的A1转移到384孔板上对应为A1和A2。测定板含有5x化合物,浓度为250(或25)μM,溶剂为10%DMSO。
3激酶反应
3.1制备2.5x酶溶液
加激酶到1.25x激酶缓冲液。
3.2制备2.5x肽溶液
加FAM标记的肽和ATP到1.25x激酶碱性缓冲液。
3.3转移2.5x酶溶液到测定板
测定板已经含有5μl化合物的10% DMSO溶液。
除了不加酶的对照孔外,384孔板的每孔加入2.5x酶溶液。
加10μl的1.25x激酶碱性缓冲液到测定板的不加酶对照孔中。
室温孵育10分钟。
3.4转移2.5x肽溶液到测定板
加10μl的2.5x肽溶液到384孔板的每孔中。
3.5激酶反应和终止反应
在28℃孵育不同时间。
加25μl反应终止液终止反应。
3.4Caliper读数
采集数据。
3.5曲线拟合
从Caliper程序拷贝转化数据。
转化值转换为抑制值。
抑制率%=(max-conversion)/(max-min)×100%
Max:最大值
Min:最小值
Conversion:转化值
实验结果:
表1部分芳甲胺类化合物对各激酶的抑制率数据
与良性肿瘤及癌症相关激酶的活性测试结果显示多个化合物具有广谱的或者选择性激酶抑制/激动活性(如表1所示)。如化合物IA-2对激酶AUR A、BRK、EGFR、ERK2、FGFR1、FLT3、HER2、KDR、MET、PDGFRa、PDK1、SGK、SYK、TIE2的抑制率分别为96%、95%、100%、105%、100%、101%、102%、102%、100%、91%、104%、102%、99%、101%,化合物IB-1对激酶FGFR1、FLT3、PDGFRa的抑制率分别为85%、81%、83%,说明该类化合物具有潜在的治疗良性肿瘤及癌症的生物活性。
Claims (7)
2.根据权利要求1所述的芳甲胺类衍生物及其可药用盐,其中,
R1和R2各自独立地代表烷氧基,或者R1和R2连接为亚甲二氧基;
R3和R4各自独立地代表烷氧基,或者R3和R4连接为亚甲二氧基;
R5代表氢、卤素或不饱和烃基;
R6代表氧、羟基或氨基;
R7代表氢、氧或硫;
所述的烷氧基是指具有1~4个碳原子的直链或支链的烷氧基;
所述的不饱和烃基是指具有2~4个碳原子的直链或支链的含烯键烃基或含炔键烃基;
所述的卤素是指氟、氯、溴或碘。
3.根据权利要求2所述的芳甲胺类衍生物及其可药用盐,其中,
R1和R2连接为亚甲二氧基;
R3和R4各自独立地代表烷氧基;
R5代表氢、卤素或不饱和烃基;
R6代表氧、羟基或氨基;
R7代表氢、氧或硫;
所述的烷氧基是甲氧基或乙氧基;
所述的不饱和烃基是指乙烯基、1-丙烯基、乙炔基或1-丙炔基;
所述的卤素是指氯或溴。
5.根据权利要求1所述的芳甲胺类衍生物及其可药用盐的制备方法,该方法包括如下步骤:
IA的合成:
将化合物2溶于四氢呋喃,降温至-40°C,逐滴加入正丁基锂,搅拌反应;而后,加入化合物1的四氢呋喃溶液,移至室温搅拌反应得到化合物IA;
其中,R1、R2、R3、R4和R5的定义与权利要求1中的相同;
IB的合成:
化合物IA与氯铬酸吡啶(PCC)进行氧化反应生成化合物IB;
其中,R1、R2、R3、R4和R5的定义与权利要求1中的相同;
IC的合成:
化合物IB在氨水和硼氢化钠的作用下,发生还原胺化反应生成产物IC;
其中,R1、R2、R3、R4和R5的定义与权利要求1中的相同;
ID的合成:
化合物IA在Lawesson试剂的作用下,发生硫代反应生成产物ID;
其中,R1、R2、R3、R4和R5的定义与权利要求1中的相同;
IE的合成:
化合物IA在四氢铝锂的作用下,发生还原反应生成产物IE;
其中,R1、R2、R3、R4和R5的定义与权利要求1中的相同。
6.一种药物组合物,其包含治疗有效量的一种或多种如式I所示的芳甲胺类衍生物或其可药用盐以及药学上可接受的载体:
其中,各自独立地代表双键或单键;
R1和R2各自独立地代表氢、羟基或烷氧基,或者R1和R2连接为亚甲二氧基;
R3和R4各自独立地代表氢、羟基或烷氧基,或者R3和R4连接为亚甲二氧基;
R5代表氢、卤素、不饱和烃基或饱和烃基;
R6代表氧、羟基或氨基;
R7代表氢、氧或硫;
所述的烷氧基是指具有1~7个碳原子的直链或支链的烷氧基;
所述的不饱和烃基是指具有2~7个碳原子的直链或支链的含烯键烃基或含炔键烃基;
所述的饱和烃基是指具有1~7个碳原子的直链或支链的烷基;
所述的卤素是指氟、氯、溴或碘。
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CN1143358A (zh) * | 1994-03-09 | 1997-02-19 | 钮卡斯尔大学风险投资有限公司 | 苯甲酰胺类似物,用作parp(adp-核糖基转移酶,adrpt)dna修复酶抑制剂 |
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CN1143358A (zh) * | 1994-03-09 | 1997-02-19 | 钮卡斯尔大学风险投资有限公司 | 苯甲酰胺类似物,用作parp(adp-核糖基转移酶,adrpt)dna修复酶抑制剂 |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
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Asymmetric Synthesis of 4-Hydroxy-3-phenyltetrahydroisoquinoline Derivatives Using Enantiopure Sulfinimines (N-Sulfinyl Imines);Franklin A. Davis, et al.,;《Journal of Organic Chemistry》;19991021;第64卷(第23期);8627-8634 * |
Composés sulfurés hétérocycliques XXXIX. Action d’amines secondaires aliphatiques sur les aryl-3 thio-1 isocoumarines;Louis Legrand, et al.,;《Bulletin de la Société Chimique de France》;19701231(第6期);2227-2233 * |
Ortho-lithiated tertiary benzamides. Chain extensionvia o-toluamide anion and general synthesis of isocoumarins including hydrangenol and phyllodulcin;Mitsuaki Watanabe, et al.,;《Journal of Organic Chemistry》;19841231;第49卷(第5期);742-747 * |
Synthesis of 3-substituted isocoumarins and their inhibitory effects on degranulation of RBL-2H3 cells induced by antigen;Ai Kurume, et al.,;《Chemical & Pharmaceutical Bulletin》;20080709;第56卷(第9期);1264-1269 * |
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