CN102381870B - Manufacturing method of diatomite-based shark -like composite drag reduction surface - Google Patents
Manufacturing method of diatomite-based shark -like composite drag reduction surface Download PDFInfo
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- CN102381870B CN102381870B CN 201110261667 CN201110261667A CN102381870B CN 102381870 B CN102381870 B CN 102381870B CN 201110261667 CN201110261667 CN 201110261667 CN 201110261667 A CN201110261667 A CN 201110261667A CN 102381870 B CN102381870 B CN 102381870B
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of bionics, and specifically, relates to a manufacturing method of a diatomite-based shark scale groove-like composite drag reduction surface. The manufacturing method of the diatomite-based shark scale groove-like composite drag reduction surface comprises the following steps of 1, carrying out diatomite pretreatment to obtain a primary diatomite mixture, 2, carrying out filtration and screening of the primary diatomite mixture to obtain a diatomite mixture, 3, carrying out diatomite wet blank preparation, 4, carrying out high-fidelity shark scale groove-like morphology copying and molding to obtain a nickel-made shark scale groove-like female mold, and 5, carrying out sintering curing direct-forming of diatomite through shark scale groove-like morphology constraint to obtain the diatomite-based shark scale groove-like composite drag reduction surface. In the invention, through a high-temperature sintering curing method, diatomite is cured into a poriferous surface and a shark scale groove-like morphology can be directly duplicated on the poriferous surface, so that the diatomite-based shark scale groove-like composite drag reduction surface is obtained. The diatomite-based shark scale groove-like composite drag reduction surface has drag reduction functions produced by copied shark scale grooves, and simultaneously has drag reduction functions produced by copied shark sustained-release self-lubricating mucus.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the bionics techniques field, be specifically related to a kind of making method of drag reduction surface.
Background technology
Shark is the swimming top-notch player in the ocean, and its speed of cruising in water is about 5 kph, but when chasing prey prompt explosion to 70kph.The height of shark trip speed is except outside the Pass the streamlined body with its standard has, and also the mucus of the micron order scale groove structure special with it and its body surface secretion is in close relations, and both compound actions are called " shark skin effect ".Current, imitation shagreen drag reduction mechanism, the high imitative shark composite anti-drag true to nature of manufacturing surface have become the focus of domestic and international research, and aircraft and long distance pipeline drag reduction field have important using value under water.
In addition, diatom is most important one of the quasi-microorganism that swims, and kind is many, quantity is large, it is extremely extensive to distribute.Diatom not only form is various, common are sphere, dish type, round shape, rod, boat-shaped etc., and special material and structure are arranged.On material, the main chemical of diatom shell is silicon-dioxide; Structurally, monomer diatom size is made of the upper and lower shell face between several microns to tens microns, and enclosure interior has cavity structure, and surface of shell is covered with nanometer level microporous.
Diatomite is the silicastone that ancient times, the remains settling generated of diatom, and mainly the siliceous remains by ancient times diatom and other microorganisms (radiolaria, sponge etc.) form, and main chemical is silicon-dioxide.Diatomite exists as mineral products in a large number at occurring in nature, thereby wide material sources, cheap.Exquisiteness, light weight, porosity are large because diatomite has, adsorptivity and perviousness is strong, stable chemical nature, wear-resisting, heat-resisting, the characteristics such as some strength are arranged, be a kind of material with significant application value.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to, provide the making method based on diatomaceous imitative shark composite anti-drag surface, to solve the problems of the technologies described above.
Technical problem solved by the invention can realize by the following technical solutions:
Making method based on diatomaceous imitative shark composite anti-drag surface comprises 1) the diatomite pretreatment technology, make the diatomite mixture; 2) tripolite filtering screen technique makes the diatomite mixture; 3) the wet base manufacture craft of diatomite is characterized in that, also comprises the steps:
4) high imitative Patterns of Placoid Scales of Sharks groove pattern true to nature is copied into type:
(A) it is that nickel, thickness are the imitative Patterns of Placoid Scales of Sharks groove negative template of nickel matter of 2.5mm～3.5mm that the clone method that adopts biological epidermis to copy template copies metal material;
(B) the imitative Patterns of Placoid Scales of Sharks groove negative template of nickel matter being put into deionized water at ambient temperature, is that 800W～1200W, operating frequency are ultrasonic cleaning 10min～20min under the condition of 30KHz～50KHz at power, then dries stand-by;
5) the diatomite sintering curing straight forming under the imitative Patterns of Placoid Scales of Sharks groove pattern constraint:
(A) with 4) plaited surface that has of the imitative Patterns of Placoid Scales of Sharks groove negative template of the nickel matter that makes places on the sintering oven pedestal in the high temperature sintering furnace, then with 3 up) the wet base of diatomite that makes tips upside down on having on the plaited surface of the imitative Patterns of Placoid Scales of Sharks groove negative template of nickel matter;
(B) in 1050 ℃～1150 ℃ temperature ranges, carry out constant temperature sintering processes 1.5h～2.5h, carry out the demoulding after slowly being down to room temperature, namely obtain diatomite solidified surface;
(C) under the room temperature condition diatomite solidified surface after the demoulding being immersed in the deionized water, is that 800W～1200W, operating frequency are ultrasonic cleaning 10min～20min under the condition of 30KHz～50KHz at power, then uses N
2Dry up, namely obtain based on diatomaceous imitative shark composite anti-drag surface.
The mode that the present invention is solidified by high temperature sintering is solidified into porous surface with diatomite and directly copies the method for imitative Patterns of Placoid Scales of Sharks pattern thereon, the diatomite solidified surface behind high temperature sintering, and its solidification intensity is at 30MPa～40MPa, and porosity is 40%～60%.Adopt the imitative shark composite anti-drag surface of the method made, its pattern naturalness is 65%～75%.The imitative shark composite anti-drag surface of made not only has the imitative Patterns of Placoid Scales of Sharks groove pattern of high micron order true to nature, can bring into play the anti-drag function of imitative Patterns of Placoid Scales of Sharks groove, but also have the nanometer porous microstructure of diatom shell, can bring into play simultaneously the anti-drag function of imitative shark slowly-releasing self-lubricating mucus.Thereby realize improving the purpose of submarine navigation device and long distance oil-gas transport pipe drag reduction ability.
In the step 5), for ease of the demoulding, in advance the plaited surface coating one deck mass percent concentration that has at the imitative Patterns of Placoid Scales of Sharks groove negative template of nickel matter is 80% the boron nitride aqueous solution.
In the step 1), the diatomite pretreatment technology can adopt pretreatment process commonly used, also can adopt following diatomite pre-treatment step:
(A) under the room temperature condition, be immersion treatment 3min ~ 5min in 1.5%～3.5% the HF solution with diatomite at mass percent concentration, then use the filter cloth of 5 μ m ~ 20 μ m to filter, obtain the first diatomite mixture;
(B) be under 80 ℃ ~ 90 ℃ conditions, at NH with described the first diatomite mixture in temperature
4, H
2O
2, H
2Immersion treatment 10min ~ 20min in the O mixed solution (1:2:7) then uses the filter cloth of 5 μ m ~ 20 μ m to filter, and obtains the second diatomite mixture;
(C) described the second diatomite mixture is added deionized water at ambient temperature, be that 800W ~ 1200W, operating frequency are under the condition of 30KHz ~ 50KHz at power, then ultrasonic cleaning 10min ~ 20min uses the filter cloth of 5 μ m ~ 20 μ m to filter, and obtains the 3rd diatomite mixture.
Step 2) in, tripolite filtering screen technique can adopt screen method commonly used, also can adopt following steps: with 1) the diatomite mixture that makes adds deionized water at ambient temperature, then use the filter cloth of 30 μ m～40 μ m to filter, filter the diatomite mixture of particle diameter more than 30 μ m, obtain the 4th diatomite mixture.
In the step 3), the wet base manufacture craft of diatomite can adopt wet base making method commonly used, also can adopt following steps:
(A) under the room temperature condition, with 2) the diatomite mixture that obtains adds deionized water, and the preparation solid content is 50%～70% diatomite mud, then old 1d;
(B) in the mould of definite shape, adopt slip-casting shaping process to produce the wet base of diatomite;
(C) under the room temperature condition the wet base of diatomite is carried out preliminary natural air drying, moisture control is 60%～80%.
In the step 3), mould can be different according to the shape of the diatomite solidified surface that will make, such as tabular or circular tube shaped, can be arbitrarily mold exchange more.
For ease of the demoulding, in the step 3), be 80% the boron nitride aqueous solution in advance at mould inner surface coating one deck mass percent concentration.
Beneficial effect: the mode that the present invention adopts high temperature sintering to solidify is solidified into porous surface with diatomite and directly copies imitative Patterns of Placoid Scales of Sharks pattern thereon, the imitative shark composite anti-drag surface that obtains, the anti-drag function of imitative Patterns of Placoid Scales of Sharks groove not only can be brought into play, but also the anti-drag function of imitative shark slowly-releasing self-lubricating mucus can be brought into play simultaneously.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is schema of the present invention;
Structural representation when Fig. 2 is diatomite sintering curing straight forming of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the imitative Patterns of Placoid Scales of Sharks groove negative template surface microscopic topographic of nickel matter of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the imitative shark composite anti-drag surface microscopic topographic of the present invention.
Embodiment
For technique means, creation characteristic that the present invention is realized, reach purpose and effect is easy to understand, further set forth the present invention below in conjunction with concrete diagram.
With reference to Fig. 1, the making method based on diatomaceous imitative shark composite anti-drag surface comprises the steps:
The first step, the diatomite pretreatment technology makes the diatomite mixture.The diatomite pretreatment technology can adopt pretreatment process commonly used, also can adopt following diatomite pre-treatment step: (A) under the room temperature condition, be immersion treatment 3min ~ 5min in 1.5%～3.5% the HF solution with diatomite at mass percent concentration, then use the filter cloth of 5 μ m ~ 20 μ m to filter, obtain the first diatomite mixture.(B) be under 80 ℃ ~ 90 ℃ conditions, at NH with the first diatomite mixture in temperature
4, H
2O
2, H
2Immersion treatment 10min ~ 20min in the O mixed solution (1:2:7) then uses the filter cloth of 5 μ m ~ 20 μ m to filter, and obtains the second diatomite mixture.(C) the second diatomite mixture is added deionized water at ambient temperature, be that 800W ~ 1200W, operating frequency are under the condition of 30KHz ~ 50KHz at power, then ultrasonic cleaning 10min ~ 20min uses the filter cloth of 5 μ m ~ 20 μ m to filter, and obtains the 3rd diatomite mixture.
Second step, tripolite filtering screen technique makes the diatomite mixture.Tripolite filtering screen technique can adopt screen method commonly used, also can adopt following steps: the diatomite mixture that the first step is made adds deionized water at ambient temperature, then use the filter cloth of 30 μ m～40 μ m to filter, filter the diatomite mixture of particle diameter more than 30 μ m, obtain the 4th diatomite mixture.
In the 3rd step, the diatomite base manufacture craft that wets can adopt wet base making method commonly used, also can adopt following steps: (A) under the room temperature condition, the diatomite mixture that second step is obtained adds deionized water, and the preparation solid content is 50%～70% diatomite mud, then old 1d.(B) in the mould of definite shape, adopt slip-casting shaping process to produce the wet base of diatomite.Mould can be different according to the shape of the diatomite solidified surface that will make, such as tabular or circular tube shaped, can be arbitrarily mold exchange more.(C) under the room temperature condition the wet base of diatomite is carried out preliminary natural air drying, moisture control is 60%～80%.
The 4th step: high imitative Patterns of Placoid Scales of Sharks groove pattern true to nature is copied into type: it is that nickel, thickness are the imitative Patterns of Placoid Scales of Sharks groove negative template of nickel matter of 2.5mm～3.5mm that the clone method that (A) adopts biological epidermis to copy template copies metal material.(B) the imitative Patterns of Placoid Scales of Sharks groove negative template of nickel matter being put into deionized water at ambient temperature, is that 800W～1200W, operating frequency are ultrasonic cleaning 10min～20min under the condition of 30KHz～50KHz at power, then dries stand-by.The clone method that biological epidermis copies template can adopt existing method to obtain copying template.With reference to Fig. 3, imitate the microtexture schematic diagram of Patterns of Placoid Scales of Sharks groove negative template for the nickel matter that adopts the pulse electroforming method to make.
The 5th step, diatomite sintering curing straight forming under the imitative Patterns of Placoid Scales of Sharks groove pattern constraint: with reference to Fig. 2, (A) plaited surface that has with the imitative Patterns of Placoid Scales of Sharks groove negative template 1 of the 4th nickel matter that makes of step places on the sintering oven pedestal 2 in the high temperature sintering furnace up, then with 3) the wet mold tool 3 of the diatomite that makes is placed on imitative Patterns of Placoid Scales of Sharks groove negative template 1 top of nickel matter, and the wet bases 4 of the diatomite in the mould 3 tip upside down on having on the plaited surface of the imitative Patterns of Placoid Scales of Sharks groove negative template 1 of nickel matter.(B) in 1050 ℃～1150 ℃ temperature ranges, carry out constant temperature sintering processes 1.5h～2.5h, carry out the demoulding after slowly being down to room temperature, namely obtain diatomite solidified surface; For ease of the demoulding, be 80% the boron nitride aqueous solution in advance at the very thin one deck mass percent concentration of the even coating of mould inner surface.For ease of the demoulding, in advance the even very thin one deck mass percent concentration of coating of having on the plaited surface at the imitative Patterns of Placoid Scales of Sharks groove negative template of nickel matter is 80% the boron nitride aqueous solution.(C) under the room temperature condition diatomite solidified surface after the demoulding being immersed in the deionized water, is that 800W～1200W, operating frequency are ultrasonic cleaning 10min～20min under the condition of 30KHz～50KHz at power, then uses N
2Dry up, namely obtain based on diatomaceous imitative shark composite anti-drag surface.With reference to Fig. 4, for adopting the appearance structure schematic diagram on the imitative shark composite anti-drag surface that above-mentioned technique makes.
The imitative shark composite anti-drag surface of adopting the present invention to make can directly apply to the place that needs drag reduction, such as be arranged on the conveying pipeline inner wall, the submarine navigation device outside surface.Also can be with imitative shark composite anti-drag of the present invention surface through immersing flow improver, the processing such as degassed, obtain slowly to discharge the drag reduction surface of flow improver, mode with the existing direct coating in surface flow improver needing drag reduction compares like this, sticking power and Rong Chiliang that can not only Effective Raise self-lubricating mucus can also reach slow release so that it all acts on the effectively purpose in district of turbulent flow.Thereby have and improve flow improver and utilize usefulness, reduce consumption, reduce the advantage such as operation and maintenance cost.
Above demonstration and described ultimate principle of the present invention and principal character and advantage of the present invention.The technician of the industry should understand; the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; that describes in above-described embodiment and the specification sheets just illustrates principle of the present invention; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; the present invention also has various changes and modifications, and these changes and improvements all fall in the claimed scope of the invention.The claimed scope of the present invention is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.
Claims (6)
1. based on the making method on diatomaceous imitative shark composite anti-drag surface, comprise 1) the diatomite pretreatment technology, make the 3rd diatomite mixture; 2) tripolite filtering screen technique makes the 4th diatomite mixture; 3) the wet base manufacture craft of diatomite is characterized in that, also comprises the steps:
4) high imitative Patterns of Placoid Scales of Sharks groove pattern true to nature is copied into type:
(A) it is that nickel, thickness are the imitative Patterns of Placoid Scales of Sharks groove negative template of nickel matter of 2.5mm～3.5mm that the clone method that adopts biological epidermis to copy template copies metal material;
(B) the imitative Patterns of Placoid Scales of Sharks groove negative template of nickel matter being put into deionized water at ambient temperature, is that 800W～1200W, operating frequency are ultrasonic cleaning 10min～20min under the condition of 30KHz～50KHz at power, then dries stand-by;
5) the diatomite sintering curing straight forming under the imitative Patterns of Placoid Scales of Sharks groove pattern constraint:
(A) with 4) plaited surface that has of the imitative Patterns of Placoid Scales of Sharks groove negative template of the nickel matter that makes places on the sintering oven pedestal in the high temperature sintering furnace, then with 3 up) the wet base of diatomite that makes tips upside down on having on the plaited surface of the imitative Patterns of Placoid Scales of Sharks groove negative template of nickel matter;
(B) in 1050 ℃～1150 ℃ temperature ranges, carry out constant temperature sintering processes 1.5h～2.5h, carry out the demoulding after slowly being down to room temperature, namely obtain diatomite solidified surface;
(C) under the room temperature condition diatomite solidified surface after the demoulding being immersed in the deionized water, is that 800W～1200W, operating frequency are ultrasonic cleaning 10min～20min under the condition of 30KHz～50KHz at power, then uses N
2Dry up, namely obtain based on diatomaceous imitative shark composite anti-drag surface.
2. the making method based on diatomaceous imitative shark composite anti-drag surface according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the step 5), for ease of the demoulding, in advance the plaited surface coating one deck mass percent concentration that has at the imitative Patterns of Placoid Scales of Sharks groove negative template of nickel matter is 80% the boron nitride aqueous solution.
3. the making method based on diatomaceous imitative shark composite anti-drag surface according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in the step 1), the diatomite pretreatment technology adopts following steps:
(A) under the room temperature condition, be immersion treatment 3min ~ 5min in 1.5%～3.5% the HF solution with diatomite at mass percent concentration, then use the filter cloth of 5 μ m ~ 20 μ m to filter, obtain the first diatomite mixture;
(B) be under 80 ℃ ~ 90 ℃ conditions, at NH with described the first diatomite mixture in temperature
4, H
2O
2, H
2The O ratio of component is immersion treatment 10min ~ 20min in the mixed solution of 1:2:7, then uses the filter cloth of 5 μ m ~ 20 μ m to filter, and obtains the second diatomite mixture;
(C) described the second diatomite mixture is added deionized water at ambient temperature, be that 800W ~ 1200W, operating frequency are under the condition of 30KHz ~ 50KHz at power, then ultrasonic cleaning 10min ~ 20min uses the filter cloth of 5 μ m ~ 20 μ m to filter, and obtains the 3rd diatomite mixture.
4. according to claim 1,2 or 3 described making methods based on diatomaceous imitative shark composite anti-drag surface, it is characterized in that: step 2) in, tripolite filtering screen process using following steps:
With 1) the 3rd diatomite mixture that makes adds deionized water at ambient temperature, then uses the filter cloth of 30 μ m～40 μ m to filter, and filters the diatomite mixture of particle diameter more than 30 μ m, obtains the 4th diatomite mixture.
5. the making method based on diatomaceous imitative shark composite anti-drag surface according to claim 4 is characterized in that: in the step 3), the wet base manufacture craft of diatomite adopts following steps:
(A) under the room temperature condition, with 2) the diatomite mixture that obtains adds deionized water, and the preparation solid content is 50%～70% diatomite mud, then old 1d;
(B) in the mould of definite shape, adopt slip-casting shaping process to produce the wet base of diatomite;
(C) under the room temperature condition the wet base of diatomite is carried out preliminary natural air drying, moisture control is 60%～80%.
6. the making method based on diatomaceous imitative shark composite anti-drag surface according to claim 5 is characterized in that: for ease of the demoulding, in the step 3), be 80% the boron nitride aqueous solution in advance at mould inner surface coating one deck mass percent concentration.
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| CN103552652B (en) * | 2013-11-06 | 2015-09-30 | 山东理工大学 | Groove width self-adaptation type based on longitudinal stretching is imitated shark drag reduction and is mated formation and control method |
| CN103552653B (en) * | 2013-11-06 | 2015-09-30 | 山东理工大学 | Groove width self-adaptation type based on cross directional stretch is imitated shark drag reduction and is mated formation and control method |
| CN105255130B (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2017-04-19 | 山东理工大学 | Wire rod for conducting 3D printing on multifunctional imitation shark composite resistance reduction structure |
| CN106043591B (en) * | 2016-06-14 | 2018-02-02 | 山东理工大学 | A kind of damping device for underwater surface ROV and preparation method thereof |
| CN106512884B (en) * | 2016-11-02 | 2018-04-06 | 山东理工大学 | Prepare the diatomite acid etching shaping reaction unit of bionical complex function structure |
| CN106810109B (en) * | 2017-02-13 | 2018-11-30 | 山东理工大学 | The technique for making bionical complex function structural body using diatomite acid etching |
| CN114870439B (en) * | 2022-06-07 | 2024-03-08 | 华东理工大学 | Falling film devolatilization tower inner member with bionic structure and devolatilization tower |
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| EP1486475A1 (en) * | 2003-06-11 | 2004-12-15 | DENNERT PORAVER GmbH | Method for producing shaped article from a granulated light weight filler and a binder |
| CN102060512A (en) * | 2010-11-29 | 2011-05-18 | 法库县矿产资源研究发展中心 | Diatomite ceramic spacer for high strength hygroscopic cosmetic container |
| CN102083898A (en) * | 2008-05-05 | 2011-06-01 | 世界矿物公司 | Organo-neutralized diatomaceous earth, methods of preparation, and uses thereof |
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| WO2003022779A2 (en) * | 2001-08-31 | 2003-03-20 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Structured silicon carbide particles, method for production and use thereof |
| EP1486475A1 (en) * | 2003-06-11 | 2004-12-15 | DENNERT PORAVER GmbH | Method for producing shaped article from a granulated light weight filler and a binder |
| CN102083898A (en) * | 2008-05-05 | 2011-06-01 | 世界矿物公司 | Organo-neutralized diatomaceous earth, methods of preparation, and uses thereof |
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