CN102373307A - Novel blast furnace iron making technology with slag iron discharged from center of furnace bottom - Google Patents
Novel blast furnace iron making technology with slag iron discharged from center of furnace bottom Download PDFInfo
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- CN102373307A CN102373307A CN2010102562698A CN201010256269A CN102373307A CN 102373307 A CN102373307 A CN 102373307A CN 2010102562698 A CN2010102562698 A CN 2010102562698A CN 201010256269 A CN201010256269 A CN 201010256269A CN 102373307 A CN102373307 A CN 102373307A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a mode of the discharge of blast furnace products molten iron and slag from a blast furnace, and especially relates to a structural form of the hearth of the blast furnace. The molten iron and the slag generated by the blast furnace can be uniformly discharged from the blast furnace, so the nonuniform circumference discharge of a gas flow in the blast furnace can be radically solved, thereby a technical problem that the various raw materials enter the blast furnace in a nonuniform mode because permeabilities of circumferential material columns are different can be eliminated. A technical scheme of the technology is that: an air port and the hearth under the air port are neck-reduced through an inclination segment, and are vertical to the furnace, and an iron port is arranged on the side wall of a vertical segment. The technology is characterized in that: the slag iron generated by the blast furnace uniformly gathers to the hearth along the hot air direction, downward flows through the pressure in the furnace and the gravity, and is discharged to the outside of the furnace through the iron port. So, various raw materials of the blast furnace are kept equal and unified on the circumference in the blast furnace from the charge to the discharge of the furnace, thereby the long term stable production of the blast furnace is easy to realize.
Description
Affiliated technical field
This novel iron-smelting process; The product molten iron and the slag that belong to blast-furnace smelting improve on the mode that discharges out of the furnace; Purpose is to solve in the stove coal gas stream at the skewness that makes progress in week from root; Then can eliminate the various raw materials of blast furnace and go into the inhomogeneous of stove, the various raw materials of realizing blast furnace are from going into stove to the product unification of in stove, upwards can both keeping in balance in week of coming out of the stove, thereby make conditions of blast furnace be easy to the direct motion that maintains a long-term stability.
Background technology
Whether blast furnace edge and center twice coal gas distributions be rationally very big to the conditions of blast furnace influence, and the working of a furnace fluctuation of the overwhelming majority is all relevant therewith, also is the daily main contents that the working of a furnace is adjusted and rectified a deviation of blast furnace supvr.Usually be difficult to adjustment and be prone to be left in the basket and circumferentially the coal gas distributions is inhomogeneous; Its modal harm is to cause blast furnace inhomogeneous knot on circumferential furnace wall thick; Generally speaking, this circumferential coal gas stream is inhomogeneous little to working of a furnace influence, through adjustment; Tie thick can being scrubbed and make the type of furnace regular, the working of a furnace can remain on fluctuation in the normal range.When running into raw material and fuel quality variation, thermal system fluctuation and frequent and stop situation such as checking, can cause the thick aggravation of inhomogeneous knot, be prone to produce the edge pipeline trip and cause the edge local air flow vigorous; Can cause inclined to one side material when serious, collapse material; Even hanging, deal with improperly and can form the circulation aggravation, cause circumferential coal gas stream ununiformity further to enlarge; Central gas stream progressively weakens or disappears; The result causes in the stove twice coal gas distributions not normal, makes working of a furnace fluctuation aggravation even not normal and influence the blast furnace ordinary production, so that to be twice coal gas distributions not normal is initial for circumferential coal gas distributions inequality.
Current blast furnace, in the input of raw material, can accomplish very even, as through string jar and distributor chute, can with furnace charge equably cloth furnace throat week upwards; Through circumferential identical air port, can blast air blast in the stove equably; Through divider coal dust is evenly sent into each air port.But the product slag iron of blast-furnace smelting is difficult to accomplish on discharging out of the furnace evenly, because:
(1) the iron mouth is to be arranged on the sidewall of cupola well, and often receives the restriction of casting house and transportation by railroad, and is asymmetric but distribute at an angle;
(2) though on the cupola well sidewall, be provided with several iron mouths, general each have only an iron mouth to tap a blast furnace, and all iron mouths can not tap a blast furnace simultaneously;
(3) the above high furnace chamber of iron mouth is regular circle, but because of the iron mouth need guarantee certain degree of depth, iron oral area position cupola well section is irregular cycle.
When the iron mouth is crossed by the liquid slag Tie Tong, to discharge at first from the nearest zone of iron mouth, flow to iron mouth direction in zone far away slightly.Once tap a blast furnace, this emptying of iron mouth near zone slag iron-based, the molten iron in territory, far field can flow to iron mouth direction through ladle heel layer and circumferential hoop and flows slightly; And slag density is little, on the molten iron between the coke, because of receiving the influence of slag viscosity; And the obstruction of coke; Velocity of flow is restricted, so iron port area far away, the slag that furnace charge forms more is difficult to emptying.Figuratively speaking, nearly iron port area goes out clean blast furnace as slag iron, and this zone permeability of stock column takes a turn for the better, and air port air intake resistance reduces, and blast descends, and air quantity rises, and blanking is smooth and easy; Iron port area far away is not then put the blast furnace when clean as slag iron, and air port air intake resistance increases, and blast rises, the air quantity atrophy, and material speed is slack-off, and permeability of stock column variation etc. is suppressed phenomenon.Like this because molten iron and slag that blast furnace generates; Be difficult to through the even emptying of iron mouth, cause the ventilation property of stock column upwards to have difference, promptly cause the interior coal gas stream of stove to have difference in the discharge that makes progress in week in week; Performance is that iron oral area position is the strongest; But being cyclic fluctuation with the situation of tapping a blast furnace, takes second place in the position that iron mouth angle is little, big edge, the position coal gas stream of angle a little less than.Like the two iron mouth blast furnaces of certain factory, heat size is 1280m
3, thing two iron mouths angle in the south is 162 °, i.e. 9 ° of each skews to the south of two iron mouths; 20 air ports, positive is No. 1 air port in the east, ordering counterclockwise, the Northeast Railway Bureau mouth is between No. 1 and No. 20 air ports.Through the MV (seeing table 1) that 164 groups of air port pressure measurement (pressure difference between hot-blast main and each the air port belly pipe) sampled data that writes down before and after tapping a blast furnace draws, can see obviously that big air port, the north air intake resistance of iron notch angle is in the south big.
Pipe pressure and hot-blast main's pressure difference value table look-up are propped up in certain each air port of factory's blast furnace of table 1
There is difference in the inhomogeneous circumferential permeability of stock column that causes that this because slag iron is handled, in actual production, also can the homogeneity that the various raw materials of blast furnace are gone into stove be exerted an influence.The top furnace charge is gone into the stove aspect; Although roof material distributing can be accomplished very even, because circumferentially there is difference in permeability of stock column, circumferentially there is difference in the speed of furnace charge melting and reducing formation slag iron; Be that circumferential speed of material descent is inequality; Cause the furnace roof charge level upwards can be consistent, show on the stock rod that the capable chi curve of each stock rod can not overlap fully in week.When furnace charge drops on the charge level, just can produce segregation, when situation is serious, abnormal conditions such as material or edge pipeline trip partially also can occur, so on the distributing mode of top, need to keep fan-shaped cloth and fixed point distributing mode; Air-supply aspect, bottom, although circumferentially each air port can keep identical, air output also can not be identical between each air port; Air port, the position air intake resistance of permeability of stock column difference increases (as shown in table 1); The corresponding minimizing of air output, on the contrary then air intake is smooth and easy at the position of good permeability, the corresponding increase of air output.Owing to this reason, need often to adjust to the air port incoming air area, adapt to or eliminate this inhomogeneous as far as possible; Coal injection of draught is influenced by this can equally, although can be through the isometric solution divider of pipeline to the resistance of ducting between the air port, owing to have the resistance difference between the air port, the actual coal amount in each air port be difficult to accomplish evenly.
So it is inhomogeneous that slag iron is discharged, not only can cause the inhomogeneous of the interior circumferentially coal gas of stove stream discharge, can cause the various raw materials of blast furnace to go into the inhomogeneous of stove then.The various products of this blast furnace are discharged and various raw material is gone into the inhomogeneous of stove, also can produce a series of harm to blast furnace lining and shaft cooling apparatus etc.And in a single day blast furnace builds up, and this ununiformity will be followed whole stove labour, can't eliminate, and twice coal gas stream in the stove is rationally distributed exerts an influence for a long time, also promptly the stability of conditions of blast furnace is exerted an influence.Therefore to discharge the defective of slag iron be to cause that coal gas stream causes the various raw materials of blast furnace to go into the uneven root of stove at the skewness that makes progress in week then in the stove through the iron mouth is set on the blast furnace hearth sidewall.
Summary of the invention
Evenly put only in order to solve cupola well slag iron, the present invention improves present blast furnace hearth structure, and slag iron from the mode that the cupola well sidewall discharges out of the furnace, is improved to the mode that discharges out of the furnace from the cupola well center downwards.
The present invention solves its technical problem, and on engineering, can be easy to realize that the technical scheme of being taked is: cupola well is designed to form as shown in Figure 2; Through with the cupola well below the tuyere zone by current vertical section; Change into the downward-sloping reasonable diameter that is contracted to, promptly earlier cupola well is carried out undergauge, more vertically to furnace foundation through tilting section; The iron mouth is arranged on the sidewall of vertical section, and other part of the above blast-furnace body in air port and air port system need not change.The slag iron of blast furnace generation compiles to the center along the hot blast direction earlier equably like this, relies on furnace pressure and gravity to flow downward again, discharges out of the furnace through the iron mouth.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) flows downward from the cupola well middle part because of slag iron; Slag iron is handled smooth and easy; And the slag iron of generation evenly discharges in the realization blast furnace, thereby solves the uneven difficult problem of edge coal gas distributions from root, and twice coal gas flows stable and is easy to and regulates in the assurance stove; The ununiformity that the various raw materials of blast furnace are gone into stove together is resolved, and the working of a furnace is easy to the direct motion that maintains a long-term stability;
(2) because of slag iron flows to the center along the hot blast direction, solved the insufficient problem of cupola well core temperature, cupola well is evenly active; The dead material stack volume of cupola well reduces simultaneously, and shorten update time, and promptly the volumetric efficiency of blast furnace improves;
(3) because of circumferentially the coal gas distributions is even, circumferentially air port air intake resistance difference is dwindled, and helps the homogeneity of coal injection of draught, carries high-coal ratio; This external cause reduces the segregation of circumferential coal gas stream, helps improving gas utilization rate, reduces the blast furnace fuel ratio; Because of cancellation ladle heel layer, molten iron shortens at residing time in furnace, helps carrying out low silicon smelting, reduces the ironmaking energy consumption;
(4) consumptions such as cupola well brick fuel, cooling apparatus reduce, and practice thrift investment; The blast furnace that volume is big again, maximum need 3 iron mouths, thereby the casthouse equipment minimizing, and running costs such as casthouse equipment maintenance simultaneously and the consumption of ditch material significantly reduce;
(5) production safety.Cancellation ladle heel layer, the cupola well volume reduces, cupola well does not have molten iron and accumulates for a long time, the slag flowing molten iron is to downwards simultaneously, that does not have that long-term circulation causes resembles inhomogeneous erosion such as pin, thus make cupola well particularly the safety of later stage cupola well be guaranteed, help prolonging blast furnace campaign;
(6) put only because of slag iron, the process that conditions of blast furnace recovers behind blast furnace scheduled overhaul and the banking is accelerated, and the consumption of recovery reduces;
(7) because of not putting residual iron, blowing out is convenient, and removal treatment is convenient after the blowing out, and the cupola well volume reduces, and the workload of cleaning significantly reduces.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is further specified.
Fig. 1 blast-furnace body structural representation
Type synoptic diagram in Fig. 2 blast-furnace body
Fig. 3 iron oral area position cupola well sectional drawing
1. furnace throats among the figure, 2. shaft, 3. furnace bosh, 4. bosh, 5. air port, 6. cupola well tilting section, 7. iron mouth, 8. casting house platform, 9. this pillar body.
Embodiment
Furnace throat in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 (1), shaft (2), furnace bosh (3), bosh (4) are identical with current furnace structure with air port (5); Cupola well wall (6) below the band of air port (5) is centroclinal to blast furnace; Slanted angle with horizontal direction; Mainly be based on casting house space size; Satisfy the layout of the equipment that taps a blast furnace and the needs that stokehold slag iron is handled, and avoid the erosion of hot blast to the tilting section furnace lining, its underpart is connected with cupola well vertical section top; Iron mouth (7) is arranged on the sidewall of vertical section; Casting house platform (8) is identical with the casting house platform of Set For Current; The absolute altitude that the absolute altitude of iron mouth (7) and casting house platform (8) and current blast furnace are provided with is suitable, promptly satisfies the needs that stokehold slag iron is handled, and satisfies the defeated needs of slag Railway transportation simultaneously; Because of the cupola well below the tuyere zone tilts, furnace shell is not enough to the anchorage force of top body of heater, so need this pillar body (9) to assist to support, concrete pillar number need be adjusted definite, and purpose is to guarantee the blast-furnace body structural safety.
Fig. 3 is the cupola well sectional schematic diagram at iron mouth (7) position, also can this section directly be designed to circle according to the iron mouth degree of depth, confirms the diameter of vertical section according to the iron mouth degree of depth; Confirm iron mouth quantity according to furnace volume and utilization coefficient, general big again blast furnace at most only needs 3 iron mouths to meet the demands; Angle between iron mouth (7) is unrestricted, according to casting house casthouse equipment deployment scenarios with make things convenient for transportation by railroad setting, iron mouth quantity can arrange by homonymy that less than 3 only need a casting house, transportation by railroad is simplified.
Tuyere zone and tuyere zone are identical with current blast furnace with furnace lining with the upper furnace body cooling stave; The cooling stave of the sloping portion below the tuyere zone is selected material according to thermal load, and the cooling stave inner face still adopts the brick fuel protection; Structure, cooling stave and the refractory materials of vertical section to the furnace foundation below the tilting section are identical with current blast furnace.
This novel blast-furnace bulk process details aspect need be perfect in addition in actual production.
Claims (2)
1. the furnace bottom central row novel blast-furnace iron-smelting process of iron of slagging tap, it is characterized in that: the slag iron that cupola well forms compiles to the cupola well center along the hot blast direction, relies on furnace pressure and gravity to flow downward again, discharges out of the furnace through the iron mouth that is arranged on the vertical section sidewall.
2. novel blast-furnace iron-smelting process according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the cupola well wall below the tuyere zone to blast furnace center undergauge, comprises horizontal undergauge through tilting section.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2010102562698A CN102373307A (en) | 2010-08-18 | 2010-08-18 | Novel blast furnace iron making technology with slag iron discharged from center of furnace bottom |
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| CN2010102562698A CN102373307A (en) | 2010-08-18 | 2010-08-18 | Novel blast furnace iron making technology with slag iron discharged from center of furnace bottom |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111705176A (en) * | 2020-05-21 | 2020-09-25 | 南京钢铁股份有限公司 | Method for discharging slag iron by using oxygen lance during blow-in of blast furnace and oxygen lance thereof |
| CN112080599A (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2020-12-15 | 广东韶钢松山股份有限公司 | Blast furnace air feeding method and electronic equipment |
| CN112813208A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-05-18 | 山东钢铁集团日照有限公司 | Operating method for large dead coke compost in digestion furnace hearth |
Citations (7)
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| GB707697A (en) * | 1952-04-29 | 1954-04-21 | Oesterr Alpine Montan | Improvements in and relating to blast furnaces |
| SU595612A1 (en) * | 1976-11-15 | 1978-02-28 | Ждановский Филиал Украинского Государственного Института По Проектированию Металлургических Заводов | Blast furnace |
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- 2010-08-18 CN CN2010102562698A patent/CN102373307A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
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| GB707697A (en) * | 1952-04-29 | 1954-04-21 | Oesterr Alpine Montan | Improvements in and relating to blast furnaces |
| SU595612A1 (en) * | 1976-11-15 | 1978-02-28 | Ждановский Филиал Украинского Государственного Института По Проектированию Металлургических Заводов | Blast furnace |
| CN87105170A (en) * | 1987-07-31 | 1988-04-20 | 河北省冶金技术开发公司 | The type of furnace of blast furnace |
| CN1311825A (en) * | 1998-07-24 | 2001-09-05 | 改进转炉公司 | Blast furnace with narrowed top section and method of using |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111705176A (en) * | 2020-05-21 | 2020-09-25 | 南京钢铁股份有限公司 | Method for discharging slag iron by using oxygen lance during blow-in of blast furnace and oxygen lance thereof |
| CN111705176B (en) * | 2020-05-21 | 2022-03-22 | 南京钢铁股份有限公司 | Method for discharging slag iron by using oxygen lance during blow-in of blast furnace and oxygen lance thereof |
| CN112080599A (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2020-12-15 | 广东韶钢松山股份有限公司 | Blast furnace air feeding method and electronic equipment |
| CN112813208A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-05-18 | 山东钢铁集团日照有限公司 | Operating method for large dead coke compost in digestion furnace hearth |
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Application publication date: 20120314 |