CN102912049B - Method for canceling center coke charging of blast furnace - Google Patents
Method for canceling center coke charging of blast furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN102912049B CN102912049B CN201210421162.3A CN201210421162A CN102912049B CN 102912049 B CN102912049 B CN 102912049B CN 201210421162 A CN201210421162 A CN 201210421162A CN 102912049 B CN102912049 B CN 102912049B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for canceling center coke charging of a blast furnace. The method comprise the following steps: when the blast furnace operates poorly, stabilizing the intensity of coal gas on the edge of the blast furnace and improving the intensity of the coal gas at the center of the blast furnace to control the blast furnace, so that the operation of the blast furnace tends to be relatively stable; when the operation of the blast furnace is relatively stable, stabilizing the intensity of the coal gas at the center of the blast furnace and considering the intensity of the coal gas on the edge of the blast furnace to improve the indexes of the blast furnace, so that the blast furnace tends to operate well; and after the blast furnace changes from poor operation to good operation, directly canceling center coke charging if the following conditions appear at the same time: the central temperature of the blast furnace is higher than 700 DEG C, the utilization ratio of the coal gas is 2% lower than that that in stable operation, the coal gas is unstable, and the Si content in melted iron is averagely below 0.25, thereby further improving the utilization ratio of blast furnace coal gas, reducing fuel ratio and providing better economic benefits.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to smelt iron field of engineering technology, particularly a kind of method of cancelling adding coke at center of blast furnace.
Background technology
The technology of central coke, when crude fuel condition is poor, is a useful technology, for bell-free blast furnaces, and can be easily to central coke.Central coke is by adding in addition a small amount of coke from furnace roof to blast furnace center, reduce the ore coke ratio in the narrow range of blast furnace center, making central permeable property improvement, thereby by more air-flows.Because central permeable is good, temperature is high, contributes to form inverted-V-shaped cohesive zone, is of value to the direct motion of blast furnace.
But in the overall more stable situation of crude fuel, central coke also can be with the problem of serving, for example: gas utilization rate is poor, fuel ratio is high, be unfavorable for cost-saving, if use of a specified duration, the bad cancellation of central coke.Add well bad subtracting, slightly reduce, operation of blast furnace state with regard to variation etc., makes smooth operation of furnace form the dependency to central coke.
In iron industry, use the blast furnace of central coke more, but anxiously in accomplishing add and can subtract, can also cancel very large of such technical difficulty.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of method of cancelling adding coke at center of blast furnace, solved existing adding coke at center of blast furnace technology, after having used of a specified duration, the bad cancellation of central coke, that is: slightly reduce, operation of blast furnace state, with regard to variation etc., makes smooth operation of furnace form the dependent problem to central coke.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of method of cancelling adding coke at center of blast furnace, comprise:
When operation of blast furnace is poor, by stablizing the intensity of coal gas at blast furnace edge and the intensity improvement blast furnace of the coal gas at raising blast furnace center, make operation of blast furnace be tending towards relatively stable;
Describedly by stablizing the intensity of coal gas at blast furnace edge and the intensity that improves the coal gas at blast furnace center, administer blast furnace and comprise: the judgement of charging system and adjustment, the judgement of cooling system and adjustment, and the adjustment of blowing system;
When described operation of blast furnace reaches relatively stable, be that blast furnace load is higher, air quantity and when blast relation is steady and furnace temperature is better, now in molten iron Si content between 0.25～0.32%, by stablizing the intensity of coal gas at blast furnace center and the intensity of looking after the coal gas at the blast furnace edge stove index that raises, make blast furnace be tending towards operational excellence, wherein, described index comprises utilization coefficient, coal ratio and coke ratio;
Describedly by stablizing the intensity of coal gas at blast furnace center and the intensity of looking after the coal gas at the blast furnace edge stove index that raises, comprise: adopt large ore deposit to criticize smelting, adjust slagging regime, adjust blowing system and adjust blast furnace edge ore coke ratio; Described adjustment blast furnace edge ore coke ratio comprises reduction ore coke ratio to 3.0～4.0, edge
When blast furnace relatively stable to operational excellence from moving, if there is following condition simultaneously, that is: blast furnace core temperature is greater than 700 ℃, and gas utilization rate is low by 2% during than steady running, in coal gas shakiness and molten iron, Si content is on average 0.25 when following, anxious in directly cancelling.
Further, when operation of blast furnace is poor, judgement and the adjustment of described charging system comprise:
Whether the judgement of charging system has fire by observing edge, gas utilization rate whether be less than 44% and day amount of fetching water whether be greater than 800t/d; The adjustment of charging system, by adjusting the height of stockline, is adjusted the maximum angle of ore and coke, adjusts the coke quantity at edge.
Further, when operation of blast furnace is poor, judgement and the adjustment of described cooling system comprise: monitoring furnace body temperature, judge that whether cooling system is reasonable, and by adjusting water temperature and the water yield, guarantee the formation of reasonable furnace; Described adjustment water supply flow is to take furnace heat load 100000-160000MJ/h as standard, controls for 6 ℃ of left and right of water temperature difference, makes water supply flow than the low 100m of design load
3/ h.
Further, when operation of blast furnace is poor, the adjustment of described blowing system comprises: adjust the angle in declivity air port, and adopt the blowing system of low air quantity and high oxygen enrichment.
Further, when described operation of blast furnace reaches relatively stable, the batch weight that criticize in the large ore deposit of described employing is V*0.031 ton left and right, and wherein V represents the useful volume of blast furnace.
Further, when described operation of blast furnace reaches relatively stable, described adjustment slagging regime comprises: control Al in slag
2o
3content is less than or equal to 16%, and in slag, MgO content is equal to or greater than 7%, thereby improves the mobility of slag, the direct motion that keeps blast furnace.
Further, when described operation of blast furnace reaches relatively stable, when described operation of blast furnace is relatively stable, described adjustment blowing system comprises: control the wind speed of blast furnace more than 260m/s, kinetic energy is more than 15000kg.m/s, thus the rational air blast parameter of assurance blast furnace.
The method of cancellation adding coke at center of blast furnace provided by the invention, by adjusting charging system, put up ore deposit, edge, burnt platform, by adjusting cooling system, dissolve the rational operation type of furnace, by adjusting blowing system, guarantee the aperture at center, the cupola well state dissolving, for the anxious premise that provides in cancelling, on suitable opportunity, directly cancelled adding coke at center of blast furnace, solved existing adding coke at center of blast furnace technology, after having used of a specified duration, the bad cancellation of central coke, slightly reduce, operation of blast furnace state is with regard to variation etc., make smooth operation of furnace form the dependent problem to central coke.
Embodiment
The present invention puies forward the method for the cancellation adding coke at center of blast furnace that embodiment provides, and comprises:
The first step, when operation of blast furnace is poor, by stablizing the intensity of coal gas at blast furnace edge and the intensity that improves the coal gas at blast furnace center, administer blast furnace, dissolve the rational operation type of furnace, make operation of blast furnace be tending towards relatively stable.This step comprises again following three aspects:
First, the judgement of charging system and adjustment.According to crude fuel condition, to judging the matching problem of blast furnace edge and core temperature, a standard is provided, if that is: the two is reasonably combined, press magnitude relation steady, little at the lower air quantity of full blast level (full blast level=blast furnace useful volume * 1.5), blast wandering amount, except hot blast changes stove, substantially be in line, in molten iron, Si content can remain on more than 0.3.Whether concrete measure has fire for observing charge level edge by when maintenance, and the practical manifestation of the working of a furnace, that is: whether gas utilization rate is lower than 44%, and whether day amount of fetching water is greater than 800t/d.If edge is without fire, gas utilization rate be less than 44% and day amount of fetching water be greater than 800t/d, edge weight is described, now can be by carrying stockline (stockline is mentioned more than 0.3 meter), the measures such as ore deposit and burnt maximum angle and increase edge coke quantity of dwindling carry out stabilised edge.
The example of specifically successfully feeding is as shown in the table:
Initial charging system: find during maintenance that edge is without fire, working of a furnace performance gas utilization rate is low, is only 43%-44%, fuel ratio high (being greater than 540kg/t), the amount of fetching water is high, and per day more than 1000t/d when high, load level is low, is only 4.1.
According to initial charging system, adjust charging system: stockline is adjusted to 1.3 meters by 1.7 meters, decontrol edge, dwindle maximum angle, by 44 ° of maximums, be reduced to 37 °, edge coke is carried to 5 circles by 3 circles, load level is greatly improved, and gas utilization rate is more than 50%, and economic target is obviously promoted.
Table 1
Wherein, alphabetical O represents ore deposit, and letter C represents Jiao, and alphabetical AO represents A ore deposit, and letter b O represents B ore deposit.
Secondly, the judgement of cooling system and adjustment.Cooling system is very crucial for the maintenance of reasonable furnace, if cooling intensity is excessive, furnace wall adhesive is easily too much, excessive, causes coal gas unstable, direct motion variation.The method of the cancellation adding coke at center of blast furnace that the embodiment of the present invention provides, by adjusting water temperature and the water yield, guarantee the formation of reasonable furnace, and monitor by furnace body temperature, particularly the temperature monitoring of restoration of lower stack, furnace bosh, bosh place copper cooling wall, judges that whether cooling system is reasonable; Adjusting water supply flow is to take furnace heat load 100000-160000MJ/h as standard, controls for 6 ℃ of left and right of water temperature difference, makes water supply flow than the low 100m of design load
3/ h.
Cooling system adjustment is as follows: by supply water temperature is improved to 2-3 ℃, soft water supply water temperature is stabilized in to 47-48 ℃ by 44-46 ℃; The Real-Time Monitoring soft water temperature difference, if the soft water temperature difference reaches more than 8 ℃, will suitably suppress edge, and standard is lower roughly 2 ℃ than the limit water temperature difference of design; Control copper cooling wall temperature not higher than 100 ℃, cast-iron cooling wall is not higher than 300 ℃.
Finally, the adjustment of blowing system.By adopting declivity air port, and administer the phase in the working of a furnace, the blowing system by low air quantity and high oxygen enrichment improves output, thereby enlivens cupola well, reaches the object at the center of opening.Concrete measure is as follows: change 5 ° of air ports of original declivity into declivity 8 ° of air ports, resize ratio is roughly 62%; Progressively improve oxygen enrichment to design or higher than design level, produce blast furnace daily iron amount and reach design or be greater than design level.
Second step, when operation of blast furnace reaches relatively stable, be that blast furnace load is higher, air quantity and when blast relation is steady and furnace temperature is high, now in molten iron Si content between 0.25～0.32%, by stablizing the intensity of coal gas at blast furnace center and the intensity of looking after the coal gas at the blast furnace edge stove index that raises, make blast furnace be tending towards operational excellence, wherein, described index comprises utilization coefficient, coal ratio and coke ratio.This step comprises again following four aspects:
First, stablize the intensity of the coal gas at blast furnace center.By adopting large ore deposit to criticize smelting, stablize coal gas, wherein, large ore deposit batch weight is 0.031 ton of left and right of blast furnace useful volume *.Adopt large ore deposit to criticize, under certain load, correspondence is large coke (per) charge.And coke batch weight is large, at furnace bosh place, burnt window is just thick, for the ventilation property that improves blast furnace, promotes load and all plays promoter action.
Secondly, the intensity of stablizing the coal gas at blast furnace center also requires, by the adjustment of raw material aspect, to guarantee rational slagging regime, controls Al in slag that is:
2o
3content is less than or equal to 16%, and in slag, MgO content is equal to or greater than 7%, thereby improves the mobility of slag, the direct motion that keeps blast furnace.
Again, by adjusting blowing system, pressure reduction mean level (ML) with before than reducing 0.4kg/cm
2when above, utilize maintenance to dwindle air port area, guarantee the rational air blast parameter of blast furnace, that is: wind speed is more than 260m/s, and kinetic energy is more than 15000kg.m/s.Reach higher wind speed and kinetic energy, and then anxious consumption in can minimizing step by step.For example: when carrying out large blast-furnace smelting, tuyere diameter is all changed into the less value of 130mm or coal spouting gun permission.According to the working of a furnace, if wind speed and kinetic energy improve a grade, core temperature raises, and utilizes maintenance to dwindle air port area, further improves wind speed and kinetic energy, until reach rational parameter area.
Finally, look after the intensity of the coal gas at blast furnace edge, adjust blast furnace edge ore coke ratio, make edge ore coke ratio be reduced to 3.0～4.0.For example, if situation appearred opening in center: core temperature is more than 700 ℃, gas utilization rate 2% left and right when stablizing before, can be by reducing edge ore coke ratio, and it is standard above that the lip temperature of take is increased to 80 ℃.
The 3rd step, when blast furnace relatively stable to operational excellence from moving, on suitable opportunity, anxious in directly cancelling.When blast furnace relatively stable to operational excellence from moving, for further promoting the index of blast furnace, if there is following condition simultaneously: blast furnace core temperature is greater than 700 ℃, gas utilization rate is low by 2% when stable, coal gas unstable (air quantity, blast show that fluctuation is large except changing stove), furnace temperature is bad to be done (in molten iron, Si is on average below 0.25), anxious in directly cancelling.
It should be noted last that, above embodiment is only unrestricted in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described, although the present invention is had been described in detail with reference to example, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, can modify or be equal to replacement technical scheme of the present invention, and not departing from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. cancel the method for adding coke at center of blast furnace, it is characterized in that, comprise:
When operation of blast furnace is poor, by stablizing the intensity of coal gas at blast furnace edge and the intensity improvement blast furnace of the coal gas at raising blast furnace center, make operation of blast furnace be tending towards relatively stable;
Describedly by stablizing the intensity of coal gas at blast furnace edge and the intensity that improves the coal gas at blast furnace center, administer blast furnace and comprise: the judgement of charging system and adjustment, the judgement of cooling system and adjustment, and the adjustment of blowing system;
When described operation of blast furnace reaches relatively stable, be that blast furnace load is higher, air quantity and blast relation is steady and furnace temperature is better, now in molten iron Si content between 0.25～0.32%, by stablizing the intensity of the coal gas at blast furnace center, promote blast furnace index with the intensity of looking after the coal gas at blast furnace edge, make blast furnace be tending towards operational excellence, wherein, described index comprises utilization coefficient, coal ratio and coke ratio;
Describedly by stablizing the intensity of coal gas at blast furnace center and the intensity of looking after the coal gas at the blast furnace edge stove index that raises, comprise: adopt large ore deposit to criticize smelting, adjust slagging regime, adjust blowing system, and adjust blast furnace edge ore coke ratio; Described adjustment blast furnace edge ore coke ratio comprises reduction ore coke ratio to 3.0～4.0, edge;
When blast furnace relatively stable to operational excellence from moving, if there is following condition simultaneously, that is: blast furnace core temperature is greater than 700 ℃, and gas utilization rate is low by 2% during than steady running, in coal gas shakiness and molten iron, Si content is on average 0.25% when following, anxious in directly cancelling;
Judgement and the adjustment of described charging system comprise:
Whether the judgement of charging system has fire by observing edge, gas utilization rate whether be less than 44% and day amount of fetching water whether be greater than 800t/d; The adjustment of charging system, by adjusting the height of stockline, is adjusted the maximum angle of ore and coke, adjusts the coke quantity at edge;
When operation of blast furnace is poor, judgement and the adjustment of described cooling system comprise: monitoring furnace body temperature, judge that whether cooling system is reasonable, and by adjusting supply water temperature and water supply flow, guarantee the formation of reasonable furnace; Described adjustment water supply flow is to take furnace heat load 100000-160000MJ/h as standard, controls for 6 ℃ of water temperature difference, makes water supply flow than the low 100m of design load
3/ h;
When operation of blast furnace is poor, the adjustment of described blowing system comprises: adjust the angle in declivity air port, and adopt the blowing system of low air quantity and high oxygen enrichment;
When described operation of blast furnace reaches relatively stable, the batch weight that criticize in the large ore deposit of described employing is V*0.031 ton, and wherein V represents the useful volume of blast furnace;
When described operation of blast furnace reaches relatively stable, described adjustment slagging regime comprises: control Al in slag
2o
3content is less than or equal to 16%, and in slag, MgO content is equal to or greater than 7%, thereby improves the mobility of slag, the direct motion that keeps blast furnace;
When described operation of blast furnace reaches relatively stable, described adjustment blowing system comprises: control the wind speed of blast furnace more than 260m/s, kinetic energy is more than 15000kg.m/s, thus the rational air blast parameter of assurance blast furnace.
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| CN110257574A (en) * | 2019-06-19 | 2019-09-20 | 包头钢铁（集团）有限责任公司 | A kind of process for cancelling central coke |
| CN112176142B (en) * | 2020-09-10 | 2021-12-28 | 唐山钢铁集团有限责任公司 | Operation method for converting large and medium blast furnace from center coke feeding to center-free coke feeding |
| CN113549723B (en) * | 2021-07-13 | 2022-09-20 | 张家港宏昌钢板有限公司 | Deflection detection and correction method and device based on parallel-tank blast furnace and storage medium |
| CN114959133B (en) * | 2022-05-27 | 2023-09-22 | 武汉钢铁有限公司 | Material distribution method for eliminating coke adding in center of blast furnace |
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| JPS6465212A (en) * | 1987-09-03 | 1989-03-10 | Kobe Steel Ltd | Method for operating blast furnace |
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