CN102351310B - Microbial electrochemical CO2 capture system - Google Patents
Microbial electrochemical CO2 capture system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN102351310B CN102351310B CN2011102091497A CN201110209149A CN102351310B CN 102351310 B CN102351310 B CN 102351310B CN 2011102091497 A CN2011102091497 A CN 2011102091497A CN 201110209149 A CN201110209149 A CN 201110209149A CN 102351310 B CN102351310 B CN 102351310B
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- Prior art keywords
- electrode
- fuel cell
- anode
- electrolytic tank
- chamber
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B3/00—Electrolytic production of organic compounds
- C25B3/20—Processes
- C25B3/25—Reduction
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
- Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
- Y02C20/40—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of CO2
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
Abstract
The invention relates to a microbial electrochemical CO2 capture system. The system comprises a microbial fuel cell and a microbial electrolytic tank, wherein the microbial electrolytic tank comprises an electrolytic tank shell; an ion exchange membrane for dividing the electrolytic tank shell into an electrolytic tank anode chamber and an electrolytic tank cathode chamber is arranged in the electrolytic tank shell; an electrolytic tank anode electrode and an electrolytic tank cathode electrode which are connected with the microbial fuel cell are arranged in the electrolytic tank anode chamber and the electrolytic tank cathode chamber which accommodate sewage to be treated; the upper end of the electrolytic tank cathode chamber is provided with a gas outlet; and the electrolytic tank anode chamber is communicated with the electrolytic tank cathode chamber through an electrolytic tank gas guide tube. Sewage treatment is performed by taking organic wastewater as a microbial nutrient source; and the problems of sewage treatment, energy recovery and the like are solved while CO2 is captured.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to environment and carbon dioxide capture is sealed the field up for safekeeping, be specifically related to a kind of collection CO
2Catch, energy recovery, sewage disposal be in the microorganism electrochemical CO of one
2Capture systems.
Background technology
The energy is the important foundation that there is development in human society, also is related to the safety and stability of countries in the world.A century has been brought into play enormous function for industrial and expanding economy to fossil oil in the past, yet fossil oil is as the main energy, the greenhouse gases that burning is discharged become increasingly conspicuous to the climatic influences problem, artificial and natural driving factors, climate change The observational facts, the various procedures of weather and the scientific knowledge level of attribution and a series of Future Climate Change estimation results to climate change in the 4th assessment report of Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) are set forth, and point out CO
2Be most important artificial greenhouse gases.CO in the global atmosphere
2Concentration has been increased to 379ppm in 2005 from preindustrial about 280ppm.Atmospheric CO in 2005
2Concentration value head and shoulders above the natural variation range (180-330ppm) of concentration since 650,000 years of obtaining according to ice core record.Although Atmospheric CO
2There is interannual variability in the rate of rise of concentration, and they are (nineteen ninety-five-2005 annual in nearly ten years; Annual 1.9ppm) rate of increase is than (nineteen sixty-2005 annual since the continuous direct atmospheric seeing is arranged; Annual 1.4ppm) rate of rise is higher.
The environmental problem that the industry that develops rapidly brings is also obvious day by day, and most of existing environmental treatment technology mainly is conceived to processing, the transfer of pollutent, does not take into account CO
2Reduce discharging problem with the energy recovery aspect.With traditional organic wastewater treatment process is example, and in organic wastewater treatment process, biological process has occupied significant proportion, and simple from waste water treatment efficiency, its technology is comparative maturity; But,, in whole technological process, still have CO from the long-range angle of Sustainable development
2Discharging and problems such as callable energy loss.
In addition, should be used for reducing CO from new forms of energy
2The angle of emission intensity, wherein the microorganism production capacity can be played the part of important role in future source of energy.In recent years; countries in the world government, enterprise and scientific research personnel recognize that all the microorganism industry has great potential to the energy, environment and the crisis in food of alleviating the mankind and facing, numerous and confused efficient, the approach that mass-producing is used that is utilized as core technology with microorganism of actively seeking.
In sum, along with CO
2Reduction of discharging and environment, energy problem importance aborning progressively improves, and the development combining environmental pollutes control, energy recovery and CO
2The technology that reduces discharging is to press in the production development.In recent years, new technology---microbiological fuel cell (microbial fuel cell in the sewage treatment industry rise, be called for short MFC) technology, and microorganism electrolysis cell (the microbial electrolysis cell that develops based on it, be called for short MEC) technology, as the novel process of sewage disposal, cause concern widely both domestic and external.With microbiological fuel cell (MFC) and microorganism electrolysis cell (MEC) is (the Bioelectrochemical System of microorganism electrochemical system of representative, be called for short BES), when handling waste water, can carry out the recovery of multi-form energy (electric energy, inflammable gas), it is a kind of novel process of taking into account environment, energy problem, but when its weak point was to handle waste water and energy recovery, anode still can discharge CO to atmosphere
2, do not meet CO
2The theory that reduces discharging.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide and a kind ofly can catch CO
2The time, the microorganism electrochemical CO of realization energy recovery and sewage disposal
2Capture system.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is: comprise microbiological fuel cell group and microorganism electrolysis cell, described microorganism electrolysis cell comprises the electrolyzer housing, in the electrolyzer housing, be provided with the ion-exchange membrane that the electrolyzer housing is divided into electrolytic cell anode chamber and cathode of electrolytic tank chamber, hold the electrolytic cell anode chamber and indoor electrolytic cell anode electrode and the cathode of electrolytic tank electrode that is connected with microbiological fuel cell that be respectively arranged with of cathode of electrolytic tank of treatment sewage, the upper end of cathode of electrolytic tank chamber offers pneumatic outlet, and described electrolytic cell anode chamber is connected with the cathode of electrolytic tank chamber by the electrolyzer airway.
Microbiological fuel cell of the present invention comprises fuel cell vessel and is arranged on the interior ion-exchange membrane of this fuel cell vessel, described ion-exchange membrane is divided into anode of fuel cell chamber and optical-biological reaction chamber with fuel cell vessel, anode of fuel cell chamber and optical-biological reaction are indoor to be respectively arranged with and anode of fuel cell electrode and fuel battery negative pole electrode, wherein the anode of fuel cell electrode is connected with the cathode of electrolytic tank electrode, the fuel battery negative pole electrode is connected with the electrolytic cell anode electrode, the upper end of optical-biological reaction chamber offers the carbon source inlet, and described galvanic anode chamber is connected with the optical-biological reaction chamber by the fuel cell airway.
Described electrolyzer housing and fuel cell vessel all adopt synthetic glass, glass or quartzy transparent material to make.
The photosynthetic microorganism that adds blue-green algae, chlorella, spirulina, chlamydomonas, diatom, chrysophyceae, dinoflagellate, stonewort, Euglena, sea lettuce, sea-tangle, wakame, laver or gelidium in the described bioreactor.
Described microbiological fuel cell group can provide the constant external voltage of 1.0V~1.4V for microorganism electrolysis cell.
Described anode of fuel cell electrode, the fuel battery negative pole electrode, electrolytic cell anode electrode and cathode of electrolytic tank electrode all adopt carbon cloth, carbon paper, carbon felt, carbon brush, activated carbon granule, graphite cake, graphite granule, stainless steel plate, stainless (steel) wire, titanium plate or titanium net as electrode materials, and the fuel battery negative pole electrode surface scribbles the Pt/C catalyzer.
Be attached with anaerobism electrogenesis bacterium on described anode of fuel cell electrode and the electrolytic cell anode electrode, be attached with methane-producing bacteria on the cathode of electrolytic tank electrode.
The microorganism electrochemical CO that the present invention proposes
2Capture system collection CO
2Catch, sewage disposal, energy recovery be one: one, CO
2Catch: the CO that anode of fuel cell discharges
2And extra carbon source is absorbed the CO that electrolytic cell anode discharges by the little algae in the bioreactor
2Absorb by cathode of electrolytic tank chamber bacterium, realize CO with this
2Catch.Two, wastewater treatment: with waste water simultaneously in each chamber of injected system as the nutrition source of each microorganism growth, at room temperature, microorganism carries out katabolism to the organism in the waste water, and then realizes wastewater treatment process.Three, energy recovery: total system is an energy derive with luminous energy and waste water, and finally the form with biomass and inflammable gas reclaims energy.
The present invention has following effect: microorganism electrochemical CO of the present invention
2Capture systems is carrying out CO
2Can carry out sewage disposal and energy recovery when catching, whole process need not extra power consumption.The present invention is easy to realize and be convenient to operation.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is microorganism electrochemical CO
2The synoptic diagram of capture system.
Among the figure, anode of fuel cell chamber 1 and bioreactor 2, electrolytic cell anode chamber 3 and cathode of electrolytic tank chamber 4, anode of fuel cell electrode 5, fuel battery negative pole electrode 6, electrolytic cell anode electrode 7, cathode of electrolytic tank electrode 8, fuel cell ion-exchange membrane 9, electrolyzer ion-exchange membrane 10, carbon source inlet 11, pneumatic outlet 12, electrolyzer airway 13-2, fuel cell airway 13-1, fuel cell vessel 14, electrolyzer housing 15.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is described in further detail.
Referring to Fig. 1, the present invention includes microbiological fuel cell and microorganism electrolysis cell, described microbiological fuel cell comprises synthetic glass, glass, the fuel cell vessel 14 that transparent materials such as quartz are made and be arranged on ion-exchange membrane 9 in this fuel cell vessel 14, described ion-exchange membrane is divided into anode of fuel cell chamber 1 and optical-biological reaction chamber 2 with fuel cell vessel 14, add blue-green algae in the bioreactor 2, chlorella, spirulina, chlamydomonas, diatom, chrysophyceae, dinoflagellate, stonewort, Euglena, sea lettuce, sea-tangle, wakame, photosynthetic microorganism such as laver or gelidium, be respectively arranged with in anode of fuel cell chamber 1 and the optical-biological reaction chamber 2 and anode of fuel cell electrode 5 and fuel battery negative pole electrode 6, wherein anode of fuel cell electrode 5 is connected with cathode of electrolytic tank electrode 8, fuel battery negative pole electrode 6 is connected with electrolytic cell anode electrode 7, the upper end of optical-biological reaction chamber 2 offers carbon source inlet 11, and described galvanic anode chamber 1 is connected with optical-biological reaction chamber 2 by fuel cell airway 13-1.
Described microorganism electrolysis cell comprises the electrolyzer housing 15 that organic glass becomes, in electrolyzer housing 15, be provided with the ion-exchange membrane 10 that electrolyzer housing 15 is divided into electrolytic cell anode chamber 3 and cathode of electrolytic tank chamber 4, be respectively arranged with electrolytic cell anode electrode 7 and the cathode of electrolytic tank electrode 8 that is connected with microbiological fuel cell in the electrolytic cell anode chamber 3 that holds treatment sewage and the cathode of electrolytic tank chamber 4, the upper end of cathode of electrolytic tank chamber 4 offers pneumatic outlet 12, and described electrolytic cell anode chamber 3 is connected with cathode of electrolytic tank chamber 4 by electrolyzer airway 13-2.
Anode of fuel cell electrode 5 of the present invention, fuel battery negative pole electrode 6, electrolytic cell anode electrode 7 and cathode of electrolytic tank electrode 8 all adopt carbon cloth, carbon paper, carbon felt, carbon brush, activated carbon granule, graphite cake, graphite granule, stainless steel plate, stainless (steel) wire, titanium plate or titanium net as electrode materials, and fuel battery negative pole electrode 6 surfaces scribble the Pt/C catalyzer.
Be attached with anaerobism electrogenesis bacterium on described anode of fuel cell electrode 5 and the electrolytic cell anode electrode 8, be attached with methane-producing bacteria on the cathode of electrolytic tank electrode 7.
The microorganism electrochemical CO that the present invention proposes
2The start-up course of capture system is as follows:
One, the making of anode of fuel cell electrode, electrolytic cell anode electrode: the air cathode microbial fuel cell of a no film of structure is finished biological anodic and is made, and nutritive medium and seed sludge are started with 1: 1 volume ratio injection battery.Nutrient solution prescription is: NH
4Cl 310mg/L, KCl 130mg/L, NaH
2PO
4H
2O 4.97g/L, Na
2HPO
4H
2O2.75g/L, CH
3COONa1g/L and trace element (CoCl
26H
2O 2500mg mg/L, MnCl
22H
2O700mg mg/L, CuCl
22H
2O 50mgmg/L).Treat that its voltage experience " rise-steadily-descend " trend is thought and finish one-period, move three all after dates and think that anode completes.
Two, the startup of fuel cell: will inject the bioreactor of algae and the anode of fuel cell electrode of step 1) preparation and assemble, place sanitary sewage in anode cavities, utilize fuel cell airway 13-1 fuel electricity Candle-stub output voltage to be monitored, treat that the several all after dates of steady running finish the startup of fuel cell with the gas lead-in light bio-reactor at top, anode of fuel cell chamber and having under the situation of outer meeting resistance.
Three, the startup of electrolyzer: use anaerobic activated sludge as the negative electrode inoculum, adopt 1: 1 mixed solution of above-mentioned nutritive medium and inoculum to carry out cathode of electrolytic tank and make; Utilize potentiostat for negative electrode provide-0.25~-electromotive force of 0.35V (with respect to Ag/AgCl (saturated Repone K) reference electrode), simultaneously with the CO that produces in the anolyte compartment
2Gas imports cathode compartment by airway 13-2, by the katalysis of the methane-producing bacteria in the anaerobic activated sludge in the cathode compartment, CO
2Gas is reduced to methane, regularly the anticathode indoor gas is tested, treated that a large amount of methane gass produce after, think that electrogenesis bacterium, methane-producing bacteria success are attached on anode and the negative electrode, remove the liquid in anode cavities and the cathode cavity, negative electrode, anodic complete;
Three, the system integration: the internal resistance to fuel cell and electrolyzer is measured, determine the mode of connection (series, parallel or series-parallel connection) of fuel cells in view of the above, the external source (during steady running, keeping MEC two ends required voltage is about 1.0V~1.4V) of coupling is provided for electrolyzer.
The microorganism electrochemical CO that the present invention proposes
2Capture system is simple in structure, can transform on the bioreactor in the solid carbon engineering of original little algae, to realize CO
2The multipurpose of seizure, sewage disposal and energy recovery has application promise in clinical practice.
Claims (1)
1. microorganism electrochemical CO
2Capture system, it is characterized in that: comprise microbiological fuel cell group and microorganism electrolysis cell, described microorganism electrolysis cell comprises electrolyzer housing (15), in electrolyzer housing (15), be provided with the ion-exchange membrane (10) that electrolyzer housing (15) is divided into electrolytic cell anode chamber (3) and cathode of electrolytic tank chamber (4), be respectively arranged with electrolytic cell anode electrode (7) and the cathode of electrolytic tank electrode (8) that is connected with microbiological fuel cell in the electrolytic cell anode chamber (3) that holds treatment sewage and cathode of electrolytic tank chamber (4), the upper end of cathode of electrolytic tank chamber (4) offers pneumatic outlet (12), and described electrolytic cell anode chamber (3) is connected with cathode of electrolytic tank chamber (4) by electrolyzer airway (13-2).
2, microorganism electrochemical CO according to claim 1
2Capture system, it is characterized in that: described microbiological fuel cell comprises fuel cell vessel (14) and is arranged on the interior ion-exchange membrane (9) of this fuel cell vessel (14), described ion-exchange membrane is divided into anode of fuel cell chamber (1) and optical-biological reaction chamber (2) with fuel cell vessel (14), be respectively arranged with in anode of fuel cell chamber (1) and optical-biological reaction chamber (2) and anode of fuel cell electrode (5) and fuel battery negative pole electrode (6), wherein anode of fuel cell electrode (5) is connected with cathode of electrolytic tank electrode (8), fuel battery negative pole electrode (6) is connected with electrolytic cell anode electrode (7), the upper end of optical-biological reaction chamber (2) offers carbon source inlet (11), and described galvanic anode chamber (1) is connected with optical-biological reaction chamber (2) by fuel cell airway (13-1).
3, microorganism electrochemical CO according to claim 1 and 2
2Capture system is characterized in that: described electrolyzer housing (15) and fuel cell vessel (14) all adopt synthetic glass, glass or quartzy transparent material to make.
4, microorganism electrochemical CO according to claim 2
2Capture system is characterized in that: the photosynthetic microorganism that adds blue-green algae, chlorella, spirulina, chlamydomonas, diatom, chrysophyceae, dinoflagellate, stonewort, Euglena, sea lettuce, sea-tangle, wakame, laver or gelidium in the described optical-biological reaction chamber (2).
5, microorganism electrochemical CO according to claim 1 and 2
2Capture system is characterized in that: described microbiological fuel cell group can provide the constant external voltage of 1.0V ~ 1.4V for microorganism electrolysis cell.
6, microorganism electrochemical CO according to claim 1 and 2
2Capture system, it is characterized in that: described anode of fuel cell electrode (5), fuel battery negative pole electrode (6), electrolytic cell anode electrode (7) and cathode of electrolytic tank electrode (8) all adopt carbon cloth, carbon paper, carbon felt, carbon brush, activated carbon granule, graphite cake, graphite granule, stainless steel plate, stainless (steel) wire, titanium plate or titanium net as electrode materials, and fuel battery negative pole electrode (6) surface scribbles the Pt/C catalyzer.
7, microorganism electrochemical CO according to claim 1 and 2
2Capture system is characterized in that: be attached with anaerobism electrogenesis bacterium on described anode of fuel cell electrode (5) and the electrolytic cell anode electrode (8), the cathode of electrolytic tank electrode is attached with methane-producing bacteria on (7).
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CN2011102091497A CN102351310B (en) | 2011-07-26 | 2011-07-26 | Microbial electrochemical CO2 capture system |
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CN2011102091497A CN102351310B (en) | 2011-07-26 | 2011-07-26 | Microbial electrochemical CO2 capture system |
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CN102351310B true CN102351310B (en) | 2013-07-31 |
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DE602004027630D1 (en) * | 2003-06-27 | 2010-07-22 | Univ Western Ontario | BIOLOGICAL FUEL CELL |
CN201134469Y (en) * | 2007-09-26 | 2008-10-15 | 合肥工业大学 | Animalcule fuel battery recovering electric energy from wastewater treatment |
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CN101719555B (en) * | 2009-11-24 | 2011-12-07 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Double-chamber alga microbial fuel cell and method thereof for treating waste water and realizing zero carbon emission |
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