CN102864463A - H2 collection system for kitchen wastes - Google Patents
H2 collection system for kitchen wastes Download PDFInfo
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- CN102864463A CN102864463A CN2012103122228A CN201210312222A CN102864463A CN 102864463 A CN102864463 A CN 102864463A CN 2012103122228 A CN2012103122228 A CN 2012103122228A CN 201210312222 A CN201210312222 A CN 201210312222A CN 102864463 A CN102864463 A CN 102864463A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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Abstract
The invention discloses an H2 collection system for kitchen wastes. The H2 collection system comprises a waste pretreatment unit, a microbial electrolytic tank and a microbial fuel cell, wherein the waste pretreatment unit is mainly used for crushing and pulping; a vertical spiral conveying device is arranged in the microbial electrolytic tank; a cathode of the electrolytic tank is arranged around the tank wall, and a plurality of anodes are arranged around the spiral conveying device; and the microbial fuel cell has a double-chamber structure which consists of an anode chamber and a cathode chamber, and the anode chamber and the cathode chamber are partitioned by a proton exchange membrane. According to the H2 collection system, the kitchen wastes are used as raw materials, the chemical energy of organic matters in the wastes is converted into electric energy by utilizing the microbial fuel cell, and the microbial electrolytic tank produces hydrogen at the cathode by the generated voltage. By the H2 collection system, the kitchen wastes can be recycled effectively, and the hydrogen H2 serving as clean energy is generated while the energy is recovered by utilizing the microbial fuel cell, so that the wastes are converted into the energy, and the H2 collection system has environment-friendly, economic and practical values.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the relevant technical field of microorganism electrochemical, be specifically related to the processing of a kind of collection rubbish from cooking, energy recovery and H
2The device that capture is integrated.
Background technology
The energy is the important foundation that human society exists, all the time, we with fossil oil as the energy of depending on for existence, but the progress along with society, the strategy of sustainable development has become the whole mankind's common recognition, the greenhouse gases that fossil oil produces are all supervising us to seek new renewable and clean energy resource instead to climatic influences and the non-renewable characteristics of fossil oil self.And it is well-known, unique product that combustion of hydrogen produces is water, water can participate in natural circulation again again simultaneously, realize real " zero pollutes " and " zero release ", therefore, hydrogen is a kind of energy of real cleaning, and the exploitation of hydrogen energy source and applied research become the common important topic of paying close attention in the whole world.
Traditional hydrogen producing technology mainly contains three kinds, the one, with Sweet natural gas, coal, the fossil oils such as heavy oil are by method hydrogen manufacturing such as cracking, the 2nd, with the method hydrogen manufacturing of brine electrolysis, it is large that but the two all exists energy consumption, produce the problem of secondary pollution, and the method for the third biological hydrogen production is take biomass as raw material, raw material is simple and easy to, and it is little that process consumes the energy, safety and environmental protection, but the utilization ratio of biomass is lower, utilize the electrogenesis characteristic of microorganism, in conjunction with the brine electrolysis technological development microorganism electrolysis cell hydrogen generating system, can utilize degradable biological matter to produce hydrogen, and capacity usage ratio is high, is a kind of effective hydrogen development technique.
Microorganism electrolysis cell (MEC) is transformed by microbiological fuel cell (MFC), and MFC is the energy output technology of a kind of microorganism, under the katalysis of microorganism organic-matter chemical can be converted into electric energy.At the MFC anode, the microbiological oxidation VOCs emission goes out CO
2With proton in solution, the electronics of generation then arrives electrode.Electronics arrives negative electrode by external circuit, and proton is passed to negative electrode by proton exchange membrane, forms electric current; At negative electrode, electronics and proton and oxygen reaction generate water.MFC is reequiped, make its whole anaerobic condition that keeps, add again external voltage, make electronics and alpha proton reaction in the negative electrode and produce H
2Or other products, namely formed MEC.In MEC, the anode microorganism is with organic matter degradation in the solution, produce simultaneously hydrogen ion and electronics, the electronics that produces is delivered to anode by the electron carrier that is positioned at epicyte, arrive negative electrode through external circuit again, hydrogen ion is by proton exchange membrane or directly arrive negative electrode by ionogen, under the effect that adds LVPS, is reduced to hydrogen at negative electrode.
Patent publication No. is the patent of invention of CN102400169A, has announced a kind of method for producing hydrogen by alkalescent microbe electrolysis, and by start microorganism electrolysis cell under the microbiological fuel cell pattern, under impressed voltage, electrolyzer is realized hydrogen manufacturing.This invention has the methane of inhibition and produces, the gases methane content of output is low, the long-time continuous operation, cost is low, the hydrogen-producing speed high, but microorganism electrolysis cell still needs the supply of additional power source in this invention, although the required electric energy of MEC hydrogen manufacturing is far below the hydrogen manufacturing of chemical electrolysis water, but this part energy expenditure still becomes the prime cost of MEC, still has the potentiality of technological improvement, thoroughly to break away from the dependence to external power.Simultaneously, in existing microorganism electrolytic hydrogen production technology, be the degradable raw material of electrolyzer mainly with organic waste water, rarely have the method for producing hydrogen take organic solid waste as raw material.
Summary of the invention
According to the deficiency that prior art exists, the present invention proposes a kind of H of rubbish from cooking
2Trapping system, with organic rubbish from cooking as raw material, the microorganism electrochemical system that design microorganism fuel cell and microorganism electrolysis cell form, utilize the production capacity characteristic of microbiological fuel cell, for microorganism electrolysis cell provides external voltage, in microorganism electrolysis cell, carry out the generation of hydrogen and collect, realized the recycling of refuse, integrate solid refuse processing, energy recovery and the H2 energy and produce.
A kind of H of rubbish from cooking
2Trapping system comprises the rubbish pretreatment unit, microorganism electrolysis cell and microbiological fuel cell.Described rubbish pretreatment unit Main Function is to pulverize making beating.At the rubbish pretreatment unit, by making beating garbled organic rubbish from cooking is made slurries.The water content of rubbish from cooking generally can be up to 80%, behind static 1～2h, 40%～50% supernatant liquor connects the anolyte compartment's electrogenesis that enters microbiological fuel cell by pipeline, remaining supernatant liquor and solid slag (solid content is 20%～45%) enter microorganism electrolysis cell by pipeline.
Described microorganism electrolysis cell top is cover plate, so that keep the environment of an anaerobism in the body of pond, the cover plate boundary is established annular gas and collected mouth, is used for capturing the H that negative electrode produces
2Electrolyzer bottom be circular platform type, and at the bottom of the pond be connected drive shaft and connect in the center with the Chi Ding center, establishes the vertical spin e Foerderanlage, employing blade screw face, and its diameter is 1/2 of pond face diameter, take vertically upward as direction of propulsion.Stir if the purpose of vertical spin e Foerderanlage is the mixing of realizing slurries in the body of pond, to take full advantage of organic substance wherein, accelerate simultaneously the transfer rate of the interior electronics of pond body and proton, improve hydrogen generation efficiency.The cathode loop of electrolyzer is set around pool wall, and around helix transporting device 4～6 anodes is set, and compares the design of Sole anode, can fully guarantee the stepless action of electric current in whole electrolyzer like this, improves organic utilising efficiency and hydrogen generation efficiency.PH in the control microorganism electrolysis cell is 7.1～9.0, because the maximum technology barrier of single chamber product hydrogen technology is that the hydrogen of negative electrode generation can be diffused into anode and be utilized by methanogen, be methane with carbon dioxide reduction, the hydrogen generation efficiency of long-time running electrolyzer reduces, and methanogen Fast Growth under neutrallty condition, peracid or cross the next activity of alkali condition and slow down is alkalescence so the present invention arranges electrolyzer pH, to improve the efficient of producing hydrogen.
The double-chamber structure that described microbiological fuel cell is comprised of anolyte compartment and cathode compartment, the centre separates with proton exchange membrane, the anolyte of anolyte compartment is rubbish making beating supernatant liquor, the catholyte of cathode compartment is 0.2～0.4 sodium-chlor, 0.5 the damping fluid that～0.8g potassium primary phosphate and 0.5～0.8g SODIUM PHOSPHATE, MONOBASIC form in 200ml water can be the voltage that microorganism electrolysis cell provides 0.6～1.1V.The supernatant liquor of rubbish from cooking enters microbiological fuel cell, microorganism in the anolyte compartment is decomposed oxidation operation wherein, the electronics that produces reaches negative electrode by external circuit, and proton reaches negative electrode by proton exchange membrane, formed thus electric current, organic chemistry can be converted into electric energy, electric energy enters accumulators store, and to the electrolyzer stable power-supplying, so that electrolyzer is broken away from the to external world dependence of power supply.And utilize the way of rubbish from cooking supernatant liquor electrogenesis, and realized the recovery of energy, take full advantage of the efficient resource in the rubbish.
Described microorganism electrolysis cell anode and cathode of electrolytic tank, anode of microbial fuel cell and fuel battery negative pole all can adopt the materials such as the carbon-based materials such as carbon cloth, carbon felt and graphite granule, graphite rod, graphite felt, stainless steel, these materials all have high conductivity, and graphite material has higher surface-area and porosity, be fit to microbial growth, it is catalyzer that the negative electrode of microorganism electrolysis cell adopts carbon to carry platinum, this is because add the activation energy that catalyzer can reduce cathodic reaction, fast reaction speed reduces the liberation of hydrogen electromotive force.Described microorganism electrolysis cell anode links to each other with microorganism fuel cell cathode, and the anode of microorganism electrolysis cell negative electrode and microbiological fuel cell links to each other.
A described microorganism electrolysis cell and a microbiological fuel cell are one group of microorganism electrochemical system, and described each rubbish pretreatment unit connects two groups of microorganism electrochemical systems at least, is used alternatingly.For guarantee to produce hydrogen continue carry out, two groups or more microorganism electrochemical system is set, every group reaction times is 3～5d.After the reaction of one group of microorganism electrochemical system stopped, the slurries in the rubbish pretreatment unit entered other microorganism electrochemical system, emptied this group microorganism electrochemical system and carried out to treat the next round reaction.
Outstanding innovation of the present invention is, take the lead in adopting organic rubbish from cooking as the raw material of microbiological fuel cell and microorganism electrolysis cell, realized the recycling of solid waste, the design of microbiological fuel cell and microorganism electrolysis cell combination, organic chemistry in the rubbish from cooking can be converted into electric energy, accomplished the taking full advantage of of resource, energy recovery, and the voltage that fuel cell produces is for microorganism electrolysis cell, the further lower running cost of microorganism electrolysis cell hydrogen manufacturing.Adopt the method for solid waste production capacity hydrogen manufacturing, obtain clean energy hydrogen, broken away from the dependence of electrolyzer to additional power source, and provide a kind of new technological method for low cost obtains new cleaning fuel.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the cross-sectional view of system of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the internal plane of microorganism electrolysis cell among the present invention;
Description of reference numerals:
The 1-microbiological fuel cell; The 2-proton exchange membrane; The 3-microorganism fuel cell cathode; The 4-anode of microbial fuel cell; 5-rubbish pretreatment unit; The 6-microorganism electrolysis cell; 7-microorganism electrolysis cell negative electrode; 8-microorganism electrolysis cell anode; The 9-annular gas is collected mouth; 10-vertical spin e Foerderanlage; The 11-cover plate; The 12-store battery.
Embodiment
Below by specific embodiment, and by reference to the accompanying drawings, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
The H of a kind of rubbish from cooking as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2
2Trapping system comprises rubbish pretreatment unit 5, microorganism electrolysis cell 6 and microbiological fuel cell 1.
The Main Function of described rubbish pretreatment unit 5 is to pulverize making beating, by making beating garbled organic rubbish from cooking is made slurries, behind static 1～2h, 40%～50% supernatant liquor connects the anolyte compartment that enters microbiological fuel cell 1 by pipeline, remaining supernatant liquor and solid slag enter microorganism electrolysis cell 6 by pipeline.
Described microorganism electrolysis cell 6 tops are cover plate 11, cover plate 11 boundaries are established annular gas and are collected mouth 9, the bottom is circular platform type, at the bottom of the pond be connected drive shaft and connect in the center with the Chi Ding center, if vertical spin e Foerderanlage 10, adopt the blade screw face, its diameter is 1/2 of pond face diameter, take vertically upward as direction of propulsion.The negative electrode 7 of described microorganism electrolysis cell 6 is set around pool wall, and around helix transporting device 10 4～6 anodes 8 is set, and the pH in the control microorganism electrolysis cell 6 is 7.0～9.0.The double-chamber structure that described microbiological fuel cell 1 is comprised of anolyte compartment and cathode compartment, the centre separates with proton exchange membrane 2, the anolyte of anolyte compartment is rubbish making beating supernatant liquor, the catholyte of cathode compartment is 0.2～0.4 sodium-chlor, 0.5 the damping fluid that～0.8g potassium primary phosphate and 0.5～0.8g SODIUM PHOSPHATE, MONOBASIC form in 200ml water can be the voltage that microorganism electrolysis cell 6 provides 0.6～1.1V.
Described microorganism electrolysis cell anode 8 and cathode of electrolytic tank 7, anode of microbial fuel cell 4 and fuel battery negative pole 3 all can adopt the materials such as the carbon-based material such as carbon cloth, carbon felt and graphite granule, graphite rod, graphite felt, stainless steel, and the negative electrode 7 of microorganism electrolysis cell to adopt carbon to carry platinum be catalyzer.Described microorganism electrolysis cell anode 8 links to each other with microorganism fuel cell cathode 3, and the anode 4 of microorganism electrolysis cell negative electrode 7 and microbiological fuel cell links to each other, and at circuit a store battery 12 is set.
A described microorganism electrolysis cell and a microbiological fuel cell are one group of microorganism electrochemical system, and described each rubbish pretreatment unit connects two groups of microorganism electrochemical systems at least, is used alternatingly.
Organic rubbish from cooking of removing the inorganicss such as Shi Li through screening enters the rubbish pretreatment unit, through pulverizing making beating, forms slurries.Static 1～2h realizes solid-liquid separation, and 40%～50% supernatant liquor connects the anolyte compartment that enters microbiological fuel cell by pipeline, and remaining supernatant liquor and solid slag enter microorganism electrolysis cell by pipeline.Described microorganism electrolysis cell anode links to each other with microorganism fuel cell cathode, and the anode of microorganism electrolysis cell negative electrode and microbiological fuel cell links to each other.The negative electrode of microbiological fuel cell and anode all can adopt the materials such as the carbon-based materials such as carbon cloth, carbon felt and graphite granule, graphite rod, graphite felt, stainless steel, the anode microorganism is with organic substance decomposing, produce carbonic acid gas and proton, electronics arrives negative electrode by external circuit, and proton reaches negative electrode by ion-exchange membrane, produce thus the voltage of 0.6～1.1V, this voltage is stored in store battery, and to the microorganism electrolysis cell stable power-supplying.The microorganism electrolysis cell top is cover plate, so that the inner anaerobic environment that keeps, and the pH in the control microorganism electrolysis cell is 7.0～9.0.The bottom of electrolyzer is circular platform type, and at the bottom of the pond be connected drive shaft and connect in the center with the Chi Ding center, establishes the vertical spin e Foerderanlage, adopts the blade screw face, and its diameter is 1/2 of pond face diameter, the rubbish slurries in the electrolyzer are stirred as direction of propulsion vertically upward.The cathode loop of microorganism electrolysis cell is set around pool wall, and around helix transporting device 4～6 anodes are set, negative electrode and anode also can adopt any one in the materials such as the carbon-based material such as carbon cloth, carbon felt and graphite granule, graphite rod, graphite felt, stainless steel, and negative electrode to adopt carbon to carry platinum be catalyzer.In microorganism electrolysis cell, the anode microbiological oxidation produces hydrogen ion and electronics, the electronics that produces is delivered to anode by the electron carrier that is positioned at epicyte, arrive negative electrode through external circuit again, hydrogen ion directly arrives negative electrode by ionogen, under the low voltage effect of microbiological fuel cell, be H in cathodic reduction
2, the H of generation
2Collect a mouthful collection by the annular gas of cover plate boundary.Through 3～5d, the production capacity hydrogen production reaction of rubbish slurries is complete, and the rubbish slurries that the rubbish pretreatment unit produces enter another group microorganism electrochemical system and react, and this group microorganism electrochemical system empties stand-by.
Example:
Negative electrode take graphite as microbiological fuel cell and anode, the voltage of generation are 0.8～0.9V, and the anode material of microorganism electrolysis cell is carbon cloth, and negative electrode is take carbon cloth as base material, take Pt/C as catalyzer.The solid content of the rubbish from cooking of process screening is 15%, enters the rubbish pretreatment unit and reacts, and through measure and calculation, obtains 1.38m
3/ (m
3D) hydrogen generation efficiency.
Claims (7)
1. the H of a rubbish from cooking
2Trapping system comprises the rubbish pretreatment unit, microorganism electrolysis cell and microbiological fuel cell.It is characterized in that:
Described rubbish pretreatment unit Main Function is to pulverize making beating.
Establish the vertical spin e Foerderanlage in the described microorganism electrolysis cell.The cathode loop of electrolyzer is set around pool wall, and around helix transporting device some anodes is set.
The double-chamber structure that described microbiological fuel cell is comprised of anolyte compartment and cathode compartment, and separate with proton exchange membrane.
2. according to the H of claims 1 described a kind of rubbish from cooking
2Trapping system, it is characterized in that: described rubbish pretreatment unit is made slurries by making beating with garbled organic rubbish from cooking, behind static 1～2h, 40%～50% supernatant liquor connects the anolyte compartment that enters microbiological fuel cell by pipeline, remaining supernatant liquor and solid slag enter microorganism electrolysis cell by pipeline.
3. according to the H of claims 1 described a kind of rubbish from cooking
2Trapping system, it is characterized in that: described microorganism electrolysis cell top is cover plate, the cover plate boundary is established annular gas and is collected mouth, the bottom is circular platform type, at the bottom of the pond be connected drive shaft and connect in the center with the Chi Ding center, establishes the vertical spin e Foerderanlage, adopts the blade screw face, its diameter is 1/2 of pond face diameter, take vertically upward as direction of propulsion.
4. according to the H of claims 1 described a kind of rubbish from cooking
2Trapping system is characterized in that: the cathode loop of described microorganism electrolysis cell is set around pool wall, and around helix transporting device 4～6 anodes is set, and the pH in the control microorganism electrolysis cell is 7.0～9.0.
5. according to the H of claims 1 described a kind of rubbish from cooking
2Trapping system is characterized in that: the double-chamber structure that described microbiological fuel cell pond body is comprised of anolyte compartment and cathode compartment, the centre separates with proton exchange membrane, and the voltage of 0.6～1.1V is provided for microorganism electrolysis cell.
6. according to the H of claims 1 described a kind of rubbish from cooking
2Trapping system, it is characterized in that: described microorganism electrolysis cell anode and cathode of electrolytic tank, anode of microbial fuel cell and fuel battery negative pole all can adopt the materials such as the carbon-based material such as carbon cloth, carbon felt and graphite granule, graphite rod, graphite felt, stainless steel, and the negative electrode of microorganism electrolysis cell to adopt carbon to carry platinum be catalyzer.Described microorganism electrolysis cell anode links to each other with microorganism fuel cell cathode, and the anode of microorganism electrolysis cell negative electrode and microbiological fuel cell links to each other.
7. according to the H of claims 1 described a kind of rubbish from cooking
2Trapping system is characterized in that: a described microorganism electrolysis cell and a microbiological fuel cell are one group of microorganism electrochemical system, and described each rubbish pretreatment unit connects two groups of microorganism electrochemical systems at least, is used alternatingly.
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Cited By (9)
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| CN103266331A (en) * | 2013-04-24 | 2013-08-28 | 大连理工大学 | Method for recovery of elemental cobalt from lithium cobaltate by microbial fuel cell (MFC) self-driven microbial electrolysis cell (MEC) coupled system |
| CN103497011A (en) * | 2013-09-13 | 2014-01-08 | 杨新玉 | Recycling treatment method for desalinized and desalted kitchen waste |
| CN104004791A (en) * | 2014-05-16 | 2014-08-27 | 浙江工商大学 | Coupled two-phase anaerobic kitchen garbage strengthening treatment method combining microbial electrolysis cell and microbial cell and device |
| CN104141147A (en) * | 2014-08-01 | 2014-11-12 | 太原理工大学 | Method for making microorganism electrolytic cell generate and store hydrogen through microbial fuel cells in self-driven mode |
| CN105060619A (en) * | 2015-07-22 | 2015-11-18 | 清华大学 | Apparatus for treating degradation-resistant organic wastewater and use thereof |
| CN108339846A (en) * | 2018-01-18 | 2018-07-31 | 青岛科技大学 | Fuel cell handles the system and method that organic wastewater synchronizes repairing heavy metal in soil |
| CN109748384A (en) * | 2017-11-01 | 2019-05-14 | 云南师范大学 | A Reactor for Strengthening UASB to Produce Bio-natural Gas Using MEC |
| CN115403135A (en) * | 2022-06-25 | 2022-11-29 | 深圳市政水环境技术有限公司 | Flexible electrode assembly, anaerobic biological denitrification system and application |
| CN115786928A (en) * | 2022-11-17 | 2023-03-14 | 中山大学 | A bioelectrochemical method for producing hydrogen from kitchen waste leachate |
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| CN103266331A (en) * | 2013-04-24 | 2013-08-28 | 大连理工大学 | Method for recovery of elemental cobalt from lithium cobaltate by microbial fuel cell (MFC) self-driven microbial electrolysis cell (MEC) coupled system |
| CN103497011A (en) * | 2013-09-13 | 2014-01-08 | 杨新玉 | Recycling treatment method for desalinized and desalted kitchen waste |
| CN104004791A (en) * | 2014-05-16 | 2014-08-27 | 浙江工商大学 | Coupled two-phase anaerobic kitchen garbage strengthening treatment method combining microbial electrolysis cell and microbial cell and device |
| CN104141147B (en) * | 2014-08-01 | 2016-08-24 | 太原理工大学 | Microbiological fuel cell self-driven microorganism electrolysis cell hydrogen-preparing hydrogen-storing method |
| CN104141147A (en) * | 2014-08-01 | 2014-11-12 | 太原理工大学 | Method for making microorganism electrolytic cell generate and store hydrogen through microbial fuel cells in self-driven mode |
| CN105060619B (en) * | 2015-07-22 | 2018-04-20 | 清华大学 | A kind of device for handling organic wastewater with difficult degradation thereby and application thereof |
| CN105060619A (en) * | 2015-07-22 | 2015-11-18 | 清华大学 | Apparatus for treating degradation-resistant organic wastewater and use thereof |
| CN109748384A (en) * | 2017-11-01 | 2019-05-14 | 云南师范大学 | A Reactor for Strengthening UASB to Produce Bio-natural Gas Using MEC |
| CN108339846A (en) * | 2018-01-18 | 2018-07-31 | 青岛科技大学 | Fuel cell handles the system and method that organic wastewater synchronizes repairing heavy metal in soil |
| CN115403135A (en) * | 2022-06-25 | 2022-11-29 | 深圳市政水环境技术有限公司 | Flexible electrode assembly, anaerobic biological denitrification system and application |
| CN115403135B (en) * | 2022-06-25 | 2024-01-09 | 深圳市政水环境技术有限公司 | Flexible electrode assembly, anaerobic electrobiological denitrification system and application |
| CN115786928A (en) * | 2022-11-17 | 2023-03-14 | 中山大学 | A bioelectrochemical method for producing hydrogen from kitchen waste leachate |
| CN115786928B (en) * | 2022-11-17 | 2025-04-15 | 中山大学 | A bioelectrochemical method for producing hydrogen using leachate from kitchen waste |
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