CN102350667A - Resin metal composite bonding agent and composite bonding agent diamond grinding wheel - Google Patents
Resin metal composite bonding agent and composite bonding agent diamond grinding wheel Download PDFInfo
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- CN102350667A CN102350667A CN201110179231XA CN201110179231A CN102350667A CN 102350667 A CN102350667 A CN 102350667A CN 201110179231X A CN201110179231X A CN 201110179231XA CN 201110179231 A CN201110179231 A CN 201110179231A CN 102350667 A CN102350667 A CN 102350667A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of diamond grinding wheels, and in particular relates to a resin metal composite bonding agent and a composite bonding agent diamond grinding wheel prepared by adopting the resin metal composite bonding agent. The resin metal composite bonding agent consists of the following raw materials in percentage by weight: polyimide resin powder, copper powder, tin powder, zinc powder, phosphorus powder and lead powder; and the composite bonding agent diamond grinding wheel consists of the following raw materials: 65 to 85 volume percent of composite bonding agent, 15 to 35 volume percent of diamond abrasive, and 0.5 to 1 volume percent of resin liquid. When the diamond grinding wheel prepared by adopting the resin metal composite bonding agent is used on a numerical control grinder, the diamond grinding wheel has the original characteristics of high grinding efficiency and good self-sharpening property of a resin bonding agent diamond grinding wheel and also has the advantages of high rigidity, high heat resistance and good profile retaining property of a metal bonding agent diamond grinding wheel, one-way cutting depth of heavy-load powerful grinding can reach 6 millimeters, and the comprehensive economic benefit can be improved by over 100 percent.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the skive field, the combined binder skive that is specifically related to a kind of resin metallic combined binder and adopts this resin metallic combined binder preparation.
Background technology
In the prior art, numerically control grinder, especially multi-axis linkage numerical control grinding machine need at a high speed, efficient, high accuracy, heat-resisting and skive that shape face retentivity is good to be to adapt to the characteristics that its combination is used.Conventional use is generally the resinoid bond skive in the emery wheel of numerically control grinder.Resinoid bond diamond wheel grinding efficient is high; Self-sharpening is good, but it has weakness such as rigidity deficiency, hear resistance is low, the profile retentivity is bad again simultaneously, has suppressed the performance of numerically control grinder performance; Particularly when combination is used, often, a slice emery wheel mistake type replaces because of causing one group of emery wheel.Metal anchoring agent diamond wheel has favorable rigidity, hear resistance and profile retentivity, but is difficult for finishing and the relatively low numerically control grinder that is not used to of grinding efficiency because of it.
Therefore, how to solve the emery wheel that combination uses both sharp, from sharp, can have favorable rigidity, hear resistance and good profile retentivity again be the key that give full play to the numerically control grinder excellent properties.
The patent No. a kind of ceramic metal composite bonding agent that is used for cubic boron nitride abrasive wheel that has been 200710043981.8 Chinese disclosure of the Invention is made up of following percentage by weight raw material: silica SiO
245-50%, alundum (Al Al
2O
320-25%, potassium oxide K
2O 6-8.5%, sodium oxide molybdena Na
2O 2.5-6.5% and barium monoxide BaO 4-9%, copper powder Cu 2-6%, glass putty Sn 0.5-1.5% and zinc powder Zn 0.3-1%.Advantage of the present invention is that the wheel grinding workpiece that the CBN emery wheel of making is made than vitrified bond can make roughness value bring up to 0.3 Μ M by RA0.5 Μ M, and flatness can reach 0.8 Μ M, and the depth of parallelism can reach≤2 Μ M; Wheel life improves 30%, and single wheel grinding workpiece number is brought up to 12000-15000 by 8000-10000.The former material of bond is a ceramic metal composite bonding agent in this technical scheme; The bond application of the type is the CBN emery wheel; But not skive, resulting emery wheel application is the processing of iron group metal material, can't be applied to the processing of nonmetal and non-iron group metal material.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention of the present invention provides a kind of resin metallic combined binder that is used to prepare skive, adopts this resin metallic combined binder to prepare the combined binder skive to obtain a kind of combined binder skive that high grinding efficiency (the one way clearance can reach 6mm), good self-sharpening, high rigidity, high-fire resistance, profile keep advantage such as good that has concurrently.
For reaching the foregoing invention purpose, the technical scheme that the present invention adopts is: a kind of resin metallic combined binder that is used to prepare skive, form by the raw material of following weight ratio:
High temperature polyimide resin-oatmeal 20～50%;
Copper powder 10～30%;
Glass putty 20～50%;
Zinc powder 5～20%;
Phosphorus powder 5～10%;
Lead powder 1～7%;
And the weight ratio summation of above-mentioned raw materials is 100%.
In the technique scheme, the said high temperature powder of anti-polyimide resin the, copper powder, glass putty, zinc powder, phosphorus powder, lead powder are the commercial goods, and wherein, the outward appearance of said fire resistant polyimide resin-oatmeal is yellow superfine powder powder, density: 1.3g/cm
3, content>=99%, fusing point: 135～145 ℃, purity: 99%; The Martin heat resistance temperature: 450 ℃, tensile strength: 113.4MPa, average grain diameter: 30～40 μ m, softening point: 110～120 ℃; Solidification temperature: 250 ℃, water imbibition: 0.2～0.3%, bending strength＞1000 MPa; The granularity of copper powder is 30-40 μ m, and the granularity of glass putty is 30-40 μ m, and all market is on sale, must National standard.Zinc powder, phosphorus powder, lead powder are industrial rank, and market is on sale, must National standard.
When the skive that adopts above-mentioned resin metallic combined binder to prepare uses on numerically control grinder; The characteristics that the original grinding efficiency of resinoid bond skive is high, self-sharpening is good had both been kept; Also have simultaneously the high rigidity of metal anchoring agent diamond wheel, high-fire resistance, the good advantage of profile maintenance; (depth of cut of ordinary resin anchoring agent diamond grinding wheel general grinding was 0.1 ~ 0.2mm more than the one way cutting-in of big load high-rate grinding can reach 6mm; The single depth of cut of existing outstanding abrasive machining wheel also has only 2 ~ 3mm), and also significantly improve service life; Under equal test condition, to compare with the conventional resins anchoring agent diamond grinding wheel, the new junction agent emery wheel can improve more than 100% in the comprehensive benefit aspect grinding efficiency, service life and the product price.
Therefore, the present invention requires to protect the skive that adopts above-mentioned resin metallic combined binder preparation simultaneously.
A kind of combined binder skive is made up of grinding wheel base body and the abrasive material that is arranged on the grinding wheel base body, and the preparation method of said combined binder skive may further comprise the steps:
(1) above-mentioned raw materials was mixed in batch mixer 10～20 hours, mix the back, obtain combined binder through 320 mesh standard sieves; Gained combined binder and diamond abrasive inserted in the batch mixer mix, slowly add the wetting agent resin liquid then and continue to mix 1～2 hour, mix the back, obtain the emery wheel compound through 60 mesh standard sieves;
(2) metallic matrix that processes is inserted in the mould configure, then step (2) gained emery wheel compound is slowly dropped into equably in the mould that configures with matrix and wipe off, insert the hot pressing of hydraulic pressure board cover half; The pressure of hot pressing is 80～120MPa, and the temperature of hot pressing is 250～280 ℃, and pressurize 45～60 minutes obtains the emery wheel base substrate;
(3) with the emery wheel base substrate cooling and mould unloading that suppresses, insert then in sintering furnace or the electric dry oven, be rapidly heated to 180 ℃ in 2～3 hours, temperature-gradient method is incubated 10～16 hours to 250 ℃ ± 5 ℃ of final sintering temperatures then, is cooled to room temperature and takes out;
(4) the emery wheel base substrate that is up to the standards is machined to the shape and size of drawing requirement on lathe and grinding machine, packs after the assay was approved, put in storage, obtain the combined binder skive by skive national standard JB/T 7425-94.
In the technique scheme, the percent by volume of combined binder, diamond abrasive, resin liquid respectively is: 65～85%, 15～35%, 0.5～1%.
In the technique scheme, said wetting agent is a liquid phenolic resin, and its outward appearance is the brownish red transparency liquid, and solid content is 50%, and gel time (171 ℃) is 100～300 seconds, vitrification point (Tg) >=250 ℃, and solidification temperature is 200～220 ℃.
In the technique scheme, diamond abrasive should select for use temperature tolerance good, and self-sharpening is good, the plating nickel on surface diamond that intensity is high.The nickel plating diamond market of various granularities is on sale.Must National standard.
In the technique scheme, said grinding wheel base body is the ordinary carbon steel matrix, and no specific (special) requirements only guarantees dimensional accuracy and profile precision, keeps dynamic equilibrium.
Because the technique scheme utilization, the present invention compared with prior art has advantage:
When the skive that adopts above-mentioned resin metallic combined binder to prepare uses on numerically control grinder; Characteristics such as the original grinding efficiency of resinoid bond skive is high, self-sharpening is good had both been kept; Also have simultaneously the high rigidity of metal anchoring agent diamond wheel, high-fire resistance, the good advantage of profile maintenance, especially can carry out the one way cutting-in and can reach the above heavy load strong grinding of 6mm.Under equal test condition, to compare with the conventional resins anchoring agent diamond grinding wheel, this combined binder emery wheel is after factor balances such as grinding efficiency, service life and product price, and comprehensive benefit can improve more than 100%.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of preparation combined binder skive among the embodiment;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the combined binder skive for preparing among the embodiment.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is further described:
Embodiment one: referring to shown in Figure 1, preparation combined binder skive may further comprise the steps:
(1) batch mixing: with the raw material of following weight ratio: polyimide resin powder 25%; Copper powder 15%; Glass putty 45%; Zinc powder 7%; Phosphorus powder 7%; Lead powder 1% mixed 12 hours in batch mixer, through 320 mesh standard sieves, processed combined binder; Combined binder and diamond abrasive are inserted in the cartridge type batch mixer in proportion again and mix, after microscopically detects evenly, slowly add resin liquid, continue to mix 1～2 hour, evenly 60 mesh standard sieves are crossed in the back, obtain the emery wheel compound, and it is subsequent use to insert container; Wherein, the volume ratio of combined binder, diamond, resin liquid is respectively: 67%, 32%, 1%; Said diamond is the nickel plating diamond, and granularity is 100/120, and market is on sale, the quality National standard; Resin liquid is a liquid phenolic resin, uses as wetting agent, and its outward appearance is the brownish red transparency liquid, and solid content is 50%, and gel time (171 ℃) is 100～300 seconds, vitrification point (Tg) >=250 ℃, and solidification temperature is 200～220 ℃; The commercial goods.
Prepare steel matrix: strict controlling dimension, type position tolerance must guarantee the dynamic equilibrium of steel matrix.
(2) moulding: earlier the steel matrix that processes is inserted mould, with in the mild evenly input of the emery wheel compound mould, insert hydraulic press hot pressing then; The pressure of hot pressing is 100MPa; Hot pressing temperature is controlled at 250～280 ℃, and pressurize 50 minutes obtains the emery wheel base substrate behind the cooling and mould unloading.
(3) sintering: the emery wheel base substrate that suppresses is inserted in the sintering furnace (or electric dry oven); Be warming up to 180 ℃ in 3 hours; (temperature-gradient method technology is following: 180 ℃ were warming up to 190 ℃ in 1 hour to temperature-gradient method to 250 ℃ ± 5 ℃ of final sintering temperatures then; Be warming up to 200 ℃ in 1.5 hours then; Be warming up to 210 ℃ in 1.5 hours then; Be warming up to 220 ℃ in 2 hours then; Be warming up to 230 ℃ in 2 hours then; Be warming up to 240 ℃ in 2 hours then; Be warming up to 250 ℃ in 2 hours then); Be incubated 15 hours, be cooled to room temperature and take out.
(4) processing: the shape and size that the emery wheel base substrate that is up to the standards are machined to drawing requirement on lathe and grinding machine; (JB/T7425-94) packs after the assay was approved, puts in storage by the skive national standard, and the structural representation of the combined binder skive that obtains as shown in Figure 2.
The depth of cut of this emery wheel practical application is one way 3mm, and the processing parts number is doubled.
Embodiment two: referring to shown in Figure 1, and preparation combined binder skive, technical process is identical with embodiment one, is specially:
(1) batch mixing: with the raw material of following weight ratio: polyimide resin powder 28%; Copper powder 18%; Glass putty 41%; Zinc powder 6%; Phosphorus powder 6%; Lead powder 1%; In batch mixer, mixed 12 hours,, process combined binder through 320 mesh standard sieves; Again combined binder and diamond abrasive are inserted in the cartridge type batch mixer in proportion and mix, after microscopically detects evenly, slowly add resin liquid, continue to mix 1～2 hour, cross that to insert container behind 60 mesh standard sieves subsequent use, obtain the emery wheel compound; Wherein, the volume ratio of combined binder, diamond, resin liquid is respectively: 64%, 25%, 1%; Said diamond is the nickel plating diamond, and granularity is 140/170, and market is on sale, the quality National standard; Resin liquid is a liquid phenolic resin, the commercial goods.
Prepare steel matrix: strict controlling dimension, type position tolerance are also done dynamic balancing measurement.
(2) moulding: earlier the steel matrix that processes is inserted mould, with in the mild evenly input of the emery wheel compound mould, insert hydraulic press hot pressing then; The pressure of hot pressing is 100MPa; Hot pressing temperature is controlled at 250～280 ℃, and pressurize 45 minutes obtains the emery wheel base substrate behind the cooling and mould unloading.
(3) sintering: the emery wheel base substrate that suppresses is inserted in the sintering furnace (or electric dry oven); Be warming up to 180 ℃ in 3 hours; Then temperature-gradient method to 250 ℃ ± 5 ℃ of final sintering temperatures (temperature-gradient method technology is following: 180 ℃ 1 hour 190 ℃ 1.5 hours 200 ℃ 1.5 hours 210 ℃ 2 hours 220 ℃ 2 hours 230 ℃ 2 hours 240 ℃ 2 hours 250 ℃); Be incubated 15 hours, be cooled to room temperature and take out;
(4) processing: the shape and size that the emery wheel base substrate that is up to the standards are machined to drawing requirement on lathe and grinding machine; (JB/T7425-94) packs after the assay was approved, puts in storage by the skive national standard, and the structural representation of the combined binder skive that obtains as shown in Figure 2.
This emery wheel is successfully applied to the small workpiece fluting, and the depth of cut is 2.5mm, and be more than doubled service life.
Embodiment three
Referring to shown in Figure 1, preparation combined binder skive, technical process is identical with embodiment one, is specially:
(1) batch mixing: with the raw material of following weight ratio: polyimide resin powder 20%; Copper powder 19%; Glass putty 48%; Zinc powder 5%; Phosphorus powder 7%; Lead powder 1%; In batch mixer, mixed 12 hours,, process combined binder through 320 mesh standard sieves; Again combined binder and diamond abrasive are inserted in the cartridge type batch mixer in proportion and mix, after microscopically detects evenly, slowly add resin liquid, continue to mix 1～2 hour, cross that to insert container behind 60 mesh standard sieves subsequent use, obtain the emery wheel compound; Wherein, the volume ratio of combined binder, diamond, resin liquid is respectively: 64%, 25%, 1%; Said diamond is the nickel plating diamond, and granularity is 230/270, and market is on sale, the quality National standard; Resin liquid is a liquid phenolic resin, the commercial goods.
Prepare steel matrix: strict controlling dimension, type position tolerance are also done dynamic balancing measurement.
(2) moulding: earlier the steel matrix that processes is inserted mould, with in the mild evenly input of the emery wheel compound mould, insert hydraulic press hot pressing then; The pressure of hot pressing is 100MPa; Hot pressing temperature is controlled at 250～280 ℃, and pressurize 45 minutes obtains the emery wheel base substrate behind the cooling and mould unloading.
(3) sintering: the emery wheel base substrate that suppresses is inserted in the sintering furnace (or electric dry oven); Be warming up to 180 ℃ in 3 hours; Then temperature-gradient method to 250 ℃ ± 5 ℃ of final sintering temperatures (temperature-gradient method technology is following: 180 ℃ 1 hour 190 ℃ 1.5 hours 200 ℃ 1.5 hours 210 ℃ 2 hours 220 ℃ 2 hours 230 ℃ 2 hours 240 ℃ 2 hours 250 ℃); Be incubated 15 hours, be cooled to room temperature and take out;
(4) processing: the shape and size that the emery wheel base substrate that is up to the standards are machined to drawing requirement on lathe and grinding machine; (JB/T7425-94) packs after the assay was approved, puts in storage by the skive national standard, and the structural representation of the combined binder skive that obtains as shown in Figure 2.
The depth of cut of this emery wheel practical application is 4.7mm, and lathe is shockproof, compares with the import emery wheel of former use, and grinding efficiency is enhanced about more than once.
Claims (5)
1. a resin metallic combined binder that is used to prepare skive is characterized in that, said resin metallic combined binder is made up of the raw material of following weight ratio:
Polyimide resin powder 20～50%;
Copper powder 10～30%;
Glass putty 20～50%;
Zinc powder 5～20%;
Phosphorus powder 5～10%;
Lead powder 1～7%.
2. a combined binder skive is made up of grinding wheel base body and the abrasive material that is arranged on the grinding wheel base body, it is characterized in that the preparation method of said combined binder skive may further comprise the steps:
(1) the said raw material of claim 1 was mixed in batch mixer 10～20 hours, mix the back, obtain combined binder through 320 mesh standard sieves; Gained combined binder and diamond abrasive inserted in the batch mixer mix, slowly add the wetting agent resin liquid then and continue to mix 1～2 hour, mix the back, obtain the emery wheel compound through 60 mesh standard sieves;
(2) metallic matrix that processes is inserted in the mould configure, then step (2) gained emery wheel compound is slowly dropped into equably in the mould that configures with matrix and wipe off, insert the hot pressing of hydraulic pressure board cover half; The pressure of hot pressing is 80～120MPa, and the temperature of hot pressing is 250～280 ℃, and pressurize 45～60 minutes obtains the emery wheel base substrate;
(3) with the emery wheel base substrate cooling and mould unloading that suppresses, insert then in sintering furnace or the electric dry oven, be rapidly heated to 180 ℃ in 2～3 hours, temperature-gradient method is incubated 10～16 hours to 250 ℃ ± 5 ℃ of final sintering temperatures then, is cooled to room temperature and takes out;
(4) the emery wheel base substrate that is up to the standards is machined to the shape and size of drawing requirement on lathe and grinding machine, packs after the assay was approved, put in storage, obtain the combined binder skive by skive national standard JB/T 7425-94.
3. according to the said combined binder skive of claim 2, it is characterized in that the percent by volume of combined binder, diamond abrasive, resin liquid respectively is: 65～85%, 15～35%, 0.5～1%.
4. according to the said combined binder skive of claim 2, it is characterized in that said wetting agent is a liquid phenolic resin.
5. according to the said combined binder skive of claim 2, it is characterized in that said grinding wheel base body is a steel matrix.
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