CN104128892A - Metal ceramic composite binding agent and composite binding agent diamond grinding wheel - Google Patents
Metal ceramic composite binding agent and composite binding agent diamond grinding wheel Download PDFInfo
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- CN104128892A CN104128892A CN201410365756.6A CN201410365756A CN104128892A CN 104128892 A CN104128892 A CN 104128892A CN 201410365756 A CN201410365756 A CN 201410365756A CN 104128892 A CN104128892 A CN 104128892A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a metal ceramic composite binding agent and a composite binding agent diamond grinding wheel manufactured by adoption of the metal ceramic composite binding agent. The metal ceramic composite binding agent is composed of, by weight, 65 percent to 75 percent of metal powder and 25 percent to 35 percent of ceramic powder. The metal powder is composed of, by weight, eight percent to ten percent of tungsten, five percent to eight percent of tin, five percent to eight percent of zinc, three percent to five percent of lead, and the balance copper. The ceramic powder is formed by mixing and melting, by weight, 40 percent to 50 percent of SiO2, 20 percent to 30 percent of Al2O3, 10 percent to 20 percent of K2O, five percent to 15 percent of MgO, and three percent to eight percent of Fe2O3. According to the composite binding agent diamond grinding wheel manufactured by adoption of the metal ceramic composite binding agent, the good sharp and self-sharpness characteristics of a ceramic composite binding agent diamond grinding wheel can be kept, and the high-rigidity and good-shape-maintaining advantages of a metal binding agent diamond grinding wheel are achieved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to skive field, the combined binder skive that is specifically related to a kind of cermet combined binder and adopts this cermet combined binder to prepare.
Background technology
The features such as skive, compared with plain wheel, has grinding efficiency high, and surface smoothness is good, and grinding quality is high, and cost is low.The main feature of skive is that hardness is high, thermal conductivity is high, sharpness is high brings high grinding rate thus.Be applicable to efficient, high-rate grinding in modern industry machining, be applicable to processing rigid alloy, the high hard materials such as optical glass, pottery, quartz, jewel, ferrite, semi-conducting material, cast iron, hardened steel, building materials, refractory material.
Skive is in order to utilize diamond to carry out high accuracy, high-efficiency grinding processing, and uses bonding agent diamond abrasive grain is bondd and make the grinding tool with some strength and shape.In skive, there are resin, metal and three kinds of materials of pottery for the bonding agent of consolidated diamond abrasive particle.
Although traditional resin anchoring agent diamond grinding wheel sharpness is good, self-sharpening is good, and wheel grinding efficiency is high, grinding caloric value is little, and can improve the roughness of surface of the work, but heat resistance is low, low to diamond abrasive hold, diamond abrasive grain is easy to come off, wearability deficiency, finishing gap is short, affect production efficiency, and because resinoid bond is organic material, be subject to the performance limitations of resin own, emery wheel heat resistance, resistance to water, wearability are poor, can not carry out precise forming grinding.
Although Technique of Vitrified Diamond Wheels grinding capacity is strong, grinding temperature is low, self-sharpening is strong, sharpness is good, wear no resistance, difficult finishing; But because the vitrified bond adopting is at present low-temp ceramics inorganic material, introduce a large amount of alkaline matters, in bonding agent preparation process, easily volatilize and cause bonding agent unstable properties, in skive manufacture process, bonding agent is poor to adamantine wetability, greatly reduce bonding agent to adamantine hold, grinding tool diamond in grinding process easily comes off, and loss is large.
Although metal anchoring agent diamond wheel intensity is high, working face geometry retentivity is good, life-span length, shock-resistant, self-sharpening is bad, efficiency is low, cannot meet the needs that continue processing.
Can sharp, self-sharpening and superpower wearability that skive is good be fully improve the key of numerically control grinder working (machining) efficiency; And grinding wheel bond is the key factor that affects skive performance, can not the meet the demands needs of numerically control grinder skive performance of high working (machining) efficiency of traditional single bonding agent.Along with scientific and technical progress, people deepen gradually to the understanding of metal, macromolecule, inorganic material, and the combined binder being made up of two kinds of emery grinding wheel binders has also obtained everybody concern.
Pottery is combined with metal material, on the basis of vitrified bond, adds metal dust can obtain having concurrently the cermet combined binder of ceramic material fragility and metal material toughness.As Chinese patent CN103692371A discloses a kind of cermet anchoring agent diamond grinding wheel and preparation method thereof, to be prepared by following methods: 1) prepare mixture of powders, electroless copper diamond dust 60-70%, (W, Ti) C powder 15-20%, glass putty 5-10%, iron group metal powder 5-15%, the particle that described electroless copper diamond dust is 5-80 micron by average grain diameter forms, and these particles are to be made up of bortz core and the copper coating that is coated on bortz wicking surface; Mix according to above-mentioned component and proportioning, make mixture of powders; 2) moulding, makes pressed compact by pressure forming by above-mentioned mixture of powders; 3) sintering, carries out inert atmosphere low pressure sintering to above-mentioned pressed compact, when sintering, pressed compact is heated to 850-1050 DEG C and be incubated 10-30 minute, and sintering inert atmosphere pressure is 5-10MPa.
At present, in order to improve emery grinding wheel binder to adamantine hold and adamantine self-sharpening, the research direction of this area mainly concentrates on the exploitation of Novel diamond bonding agent.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is in order to solve the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of cermet combined binder for the preparation of skive is provided, adopt this cermet combined binder to prepare combined binder skive and a kind ofly have both good sharpness and superpower wearability to obtain, thereby there is high grinding efficiency.
To achieve the above object of the invention, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of cermet combined binder for the preparation of skive, is made up of the raw material of following weight ratio:
Metal dust 65-75%,
Ceramic powders 25-35%,
Described metal dust, is made up of the raw material of following weight ratio:
Tungsten 8-10%, tin 5-8%, zinc 5-8%, plumbous 3-5%, surplus is copper;
Described ceramic powders, is made by the raw material mixed smelting of following weight ratio:
Silica SiO
240-50%,
Aluminium oxide Al
2o
320-30%,
Potassium oxide K
2o 10-20%,
Magnesia MgO 5-15%,
Iron oxide Fe
2o
33-8%.
Further preferred, described ceramic powders, is made by the raw material mixed smelting of following weight ratio:
Silica SiO
245%, aluminium oxide Al
2o
325%, potassium oxide K
2o15%, magnesia MgO10%, iron oxide Fe
2o
35%.
In technique scheme, the preparation process of described ceramic powder is:
(1) prepare mixed-powder: by preparing after the raw material mixing and ball milling of ceramic powder after 325 mesh standard sieves, make mixed-powder;
(2) smelting glass: the mixed-powder that step (1) is made 1700 DEG C of meltings 3 hours in electric furnace, chilling, obtains devitrified glass block;
(3) prepare ceramic powder: the devitrified glass block that step (2) is made after broken 10 hours, after 325 mesh standard sieves, makes ceramic powders in ball mill.
The present invention also comprises the skive that adopts above-mentioned cermet combined binder to prepare.
A kind of combined binder skive, is made up of grinding wheel base body and the grinding layer being arranged on grinding wheel base body, and the preparation method of described combined binder skive comprises the following steps:
(1) metal dust and ceramic powder stock are put into vacuum sphere grinding machine, ball milling 20-30 hour obtains cermet compound, after cermet compound is placed in vacuum tank and leaves standstill 24 hours, take out 325 mesh standard sieves, obtained cermet combined binder; Then gained combined binder is inserted in ball mill and mixed with diamond abrasive, afterwards by 200 mesh standard sieves, then add pore creating material in combined binder, after mixing, after 200 mesh standard sieves, obtain emery wheel compound;
The described sky agent preferential oxidation aluminium hollow ball of making;
(2) metallic matrix processing is inserted in mould and configured, then step (1) gained emery wheel compound slowly dropped into equably in the mould configuring with matrix and strike off, insert the hot pressing of hydraulic press cover half; The pressure of hot pressing is 100-120MPa, and the temperature of hot pressing is 240-260 DEG C, and pressurize 60-90 minute obtains emery wheel base substrate;
(3) by the emery wheel base substrate cooling and mould unloading suppressing, then insert in sintering furnace or electric dry oven, in 2-3 hour, be rapidly heated to 180 DEG C, then temperature-gradient method is to 5 DEG C of final 250 DEG C of scholars of sintering temperature, and insulation 10-16 hour, is cooled to room temperature and takes out;
(4) the emery wheel base substrate being up to the standards is machined on lathe and grinding machine to the shape and size of drawing requirement, packs after the assay was approved, put in storage, obtain combined binder skive.
In technique scheme, combined binder, diamond abrasive, the percent by volume of making sky agent are: 65-75%, 25-35%, 1-2%.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
1, the combined binder skive that adopts above-mentioned cermet combined binder to prepare, both keep the sharpness that Technique of Vitrified Diamond Wheels is good, the characteristic that self-sharpening is good, there is again the high rigidity of metal anchoring agent diamond wheel, good shape retention.
2, the present invention has added tungsten in metal dust, make the product that obtains compared to existing technology, when high-rate grinding, processing line speed is 30-35m/s, maximum can reach 45m/s, the abrasive machining wheel of comparing market improves 30-40%, single cutting-in amount is 5-6mm, and maximum can reach 8 mm, and the abrasive machining wheel of comparing market improves 100-160%.Under equal test condition, cermet combined binder skive of the present invention is compared the abrasive machining wheel comprehensive process improved efficiency 100-160% in market.
Detailed description of the invention
With embodiment, the invention will be further described below, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiment.
Embodiment 1:
1, prepare ceramic powders:
Raw material mixed smelting by following weight ratio makes:
Silica SiO
240%, aluminium oxide Al
2o
330%, potassium oxide K
2o10%, magnesia MgO15%, iron oxide Fe
2o
35%;
(1) prepare mixed-powder: by preparing after the raw material mixing and ball milling of ceramic powder after 325 mesh standard sieves, make mixed-powder;
(2) smelting glass: the mixed-powder that step (1) is made 1700 DEG C of meltings 3 hours in electric furnace, chilling, obtains devitrified glass block;
(3) prepare ceramic powder: the devitrified glass block that step (2) is made after broken 10 hours, after 325 mesh standard sieves, makes ceramic powders in ball mill.
2, prepare cermet combined binder skive:
(1) metal dust and ceramic powder stock are put into vacuum sphere grinding machine according to the weight ratio of 65:35, ball milling 20-30 hour obtains cermet compound, after cermet compound is placed in vacuum tank and leaves standstill 24 hours, take out 325 mesh standard sieves, obtained cermet combined binder; Then gained combined binder is inserted in ball mill and mixed with diamond abrasive, afterwards by 200 mesh standard sieves, then add alumina hollow ball in combined binder, after mixing, after 200 mesh standard sieves, obtain emery wheel compound;
Described metal dust, is made up of the raw material of following weight ratio: tungsten 10%, tin 8%, zinc 5%, lead 3%, and surplus is copper;
Described combined binder, diamond abrasive, the percent by volume of making sky agent are: 75%, 25%, 1%.
(2) metallic matrix processing is inserted in mould and configured, then step (1) gained emery wheel compound slowly dropped into equably in the mould configuring with matrix and strike off, insert the hot pressing of hydraulic press cover half; The pressure of hot pressing is 100-120MPa, and the temperature of hot pressing is 240-260 DEG C, and pressurize 60-90 minute obtains emery wheel base substrate;
(3) by the emery wheel base substrate cooling and mould unloading suppressing, then insert in sintering furnace or electric dry oven, in 2-3 hour, be rapidly heated to 180 DEG C, then temperature-gradient method is to 5 DEG C of final 250 DEG C of scholars of sintering temperature, and insulation 10-16 hour, is cooled to room temperature and takes out;
(4) the emery wheel base substrate being up to the standards is machined on lathe and grinding machine to the shape and size of drawing requirement, packs after the assay was approved, put in storage, obtain combined binder skive.
Embodiment 2:
1, prepare ceramic powders:
Raw material mixed smelting by following weight ratio makes:
Silica SiO
250%, aluminium oxide Al
2o
320%, potassium oxide K
2o20%, magnesia MgO5%, iron oxide Fe
2o
35%;
(1) prepare mixed-powder: by preparing after the raw material mixing and ball milling of ceramic powder after 325 mesh standard sieves, make mixed-powder;
(2) smelting glass: the mixed-powder that step (1) is made 1700 DEG C of meltings 3 hours in electric furnace, chilling, obtains devitrified glass block;
(3) prepare ceramic powder: the devitrified glass block that step (2) is made after broken 10 hours, after 325 mesh standard sieves, makes ceramic powders in ball mill.
2, prepare cermet combined binder skive:
(1) metal dust and ceramic powder stock are put into vacuum sphere grinding machine according to the weight ratio of 70:30, ball milling 20-30 hour obtains cermet compound, after cermet compound is placed in vacuum tank and leaves standstill 24 hours, take out 325 mesh standard sieves, obtained cermet combined binder; Then gained combined binder is inserted in ball mill and mixed with diamond abrasive, afterwards by 200 mesh standard sieves, then add alumina hollow ball in combined binder, after mixing, after 200 mesh standard sieves, obtain emery wheel compound;
Described metal dust, is made up of the raw material of following weight ratio: tungsten 10%, tin 5%, zinc 8%, lead 3%, and surplus is copper;
Described combined binder, diamond abrasive, the percent by volume of making sky agent are: 65%, 35%, 2%.
(2) metallic matrix processing is inserted in mould and configured, then step (1) gained emery wheel compound slowly dropped into equably in the mould configuring with matrix and strike off, insert the hot pressing of hydraulic press cover half; The pressure of hot pressing is 100-120MPa, and the temperature of hot pressing is 240-260 DEG C, and pressurize 60-90 minute obtains emery wheel base substrate;
(3) by the emery wheel base substrate cooling and mould unloading suppressing, then insert in sintering furnace or electric dry oven, in 2-3 hour, be rapidly heated to 180 DEG C, then temperature-gradient method is to 5 DEG C of final 250 DEG C of scholars of sintering temperature, and insulation 10-16 hour, is cooled to room temperature and takes out;
(4) the emery wheel base substrate being up to the standards is machined on lathe and grinding machine to the shape and size of drawing requirement, packs after the assay was approved, put in storage, obtain combined binder skive.
Embodiment 3:
1, prepare ceramic powders:
Raw material mixed smelting by following weight ratio makes:
Silica SiO
247%, aluminium oxide Al
2o
325%, potassium oxide K
2o15%, magnesia MgO5%, iron oxide Fe
2o
38%;
(1) prepare mixed-powder: by preparing after the raw material mixing and ball milling of ceramic powder after 325 mesh standard sieves, make mixed-powder;
(2) smelting glass: the mixed-powder that step (1) is made 1700 DEG C of meltings 3 hours in electric furnace, chilling, obtains devitrified glass block;
(3) prepare ceramic powder: the devitrified glass block that step (2) is made after broken 10 hours, after 325 mesh standard sieves, makes ceramic powders in ball mill.
2, prepare cermet combined binder skive:
(1) metal dust and ceramic powder stock are put into vacuum sphere grinding machine according to the weight ratio of 75:25, ball milling 20-30 hour obtains cermet compound, after cermet compound is placed in vacuum tank and leaves standstill 24 hours, take out 325 mesh standard sieves, obtained cermet combined binder; Then gained combined binder is inserted in ball mill and mixed with diamond abrasive, afterwards by 200 mesh standard sieves, then add alumina hollow ball in combined binder, after mixing, after 200 mesh standard sieves, obtain emery wheel compound;
Described metal dust, is made up of the raw material of following weight ratio: tungsten 8%, tin 5%, zinc 8%, lead 5%, and surplus is copper;
Described combined binder, diamond abrasive, the percent by volume of making sky agent are: 70%, 30%, 1.5%.
(2) metallic matrix processing is inserted in mould and configured, then step (1) gained emery wheel compound slowly dropped into equably in the mould configuring with matrix and strike off, insert the hot pressing of hydraulic press cover half; The pressure of hot pressing is 100-120MPa, and the temperature of hot pressing is 240-260 DEG C, and pressurize 60-90 minute obtains emery wheel base substrate;
(3) by the emery wheel base substrate cooling and mould unloading suppressing, then insert in sintering furnace or electric dry oven, in 2-3 hour, be rapidly heated to 180 DEG C, then temperature-gradient method is to 5 DEG C of final 250 DEG C of scholars of sintering temperature, and insulation 10-16 hour, is cooled to room temperature and takes out;
(4) the emery wheel base substrate being up to the standards is machined on lathe and grinding machine to the shape and size of drawing requirement, packs after the assay was approved, put in storage, obtain combined binder skive.
Embodiment 4:
1, prepare ceramic powders:
Raw material mixed smelting by following weight ratio makes:
Silica SiO
245%, aluminium oxide Al
2o
325%, potassium oxide K
2o15%, magnesia MgO10%, iron oxide Fe
2o
35%;
(1) prepare mixed-powder: by preparing after the raw material mixing and ball milling of ceramic powder after 325 mesh standard sieves, make mixed-powder;
(2) smelting glass: the mixed-powder that step (1) is made 1700 DEG C of meltings 3 hours in electric furnace, chilling, obtains devitrified glass block;
(3) prepare ceramic powder: the devitrified glass block that step (2) is made after broken 10 hours, after 325 mesh standard sieves, makes ceramic powders in ball mill.
2, prepare cermet combined binder skive:
(1) metal dust and ceramic powder stock are put into vacuum sphere grinding machine according to the weight ratio of 73:27, ball milling 20-30 hour obtains cermet compound, after cermet compound is placed in vacuum tank and leaves standstill 24 hours, take out 325 mesh standard sieves, obtained cermet combined binder; Then gained combined binder is inserted in ball mill and mixed with diamond abrasive, afterwards by 200 mesh standard sieves, then add alumina hollow ball in combined binder, after mixing, after 200 mesh standard sieves, obtain emery wheel compound;
Described metal dust, is made up of the raw material of following weight ratio: tungsten 10%, tin 5%, zinc 8%, lead 5%, and surplus is copper;
Described combined binder, diamond abrasive, the percent by volume of making sky agent are: 75%, 25%, 1.5%.
(2) metallic matrix processing is inserted in mould and configured, then step (1) gained emery wheel compound slowly dropped into equably in the mould configuring with matrix and strike off, insert the hot pressing of hydraulic press cover half; The pressure of hot pressing is 100-120MPa, and the temperature of hot pressing is 240-260 DEG C, and pressurize 60-90 minute obtains emery wheel base substrate;
(3) by the emery wheel base substrate cooling and mould unloading suppressing, then insert in sintering furnace or electric dry oven, in 2-3 hour, be rapidly heated to 180 DEG C, then temperature-gradient method is to 5 DEG C of final 250 DEG C of scholars of sintering temperature, and insulation 10-16 hour, is cooled to room temperature and takes out;
(4) the emery wheel base substrate being up to the standards is machined on lathe and grinding machine to the shape and size of drawing requirement, packs after the assay was approved, put in storage, obtain combined binder skive.
Claims (3)
1. for the preparation of a cermet combined binder for skive, it is characterized in that: described cermet combined binder is made up of the raw material of following weight ratio:
Metal dust 65-75%,
Ceramic powders 25-35%,
Described metal dust, is made up of the raw material of following weight ratio:
Tungsten 8-10%, tin 5-8%, zinc 5-8%, plumbous 3-5%, surplus is copper;
Described ceramic powders, is made by the raw material mixed smelting of following weight ratio:
Silica SiO
240-50%,
Aluminium oxide Al
2o
320-30%,
Potassium oxide K
2o 10-20%,
Magnesia M
go 5-15%,
Iron oxide Fe
2o
33-8%.
2. cermet combined binder claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described ceramic powders, is made by the raw material mixed smelting of following weight ratio:
Silica SiO
245%, aluminium oxide Al
2o
325%, potassium oxide K
2o15%, magnesia MgO10%, iron oxide Fe
2o
35%.
3. the skive that prepared by the cermet combined binder described in claim 1 or 2.
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| CN104496437A (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2015-04-08 | 常熟市海虞砂轮有限责任公司 | Low-temperature ceramic bond and preparation method thereof |
| CN104907941A (en) * | 2015-05-19 | 2015-09-16 | 山东广益达研磨科技有限公司 | Large-diameter diamond grinding wheel special for coarse grinding of silicon nitride ceramic ball and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN105500223A (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2016-04-20 | 河南新源超硬材料有限公司 | High-speed and high-efficiency diamond grinding wheel as well as preparation method and usage method thereof |
| CN106181788A (en) * | 2016-07-11 | 2016-12-07 | 无锡市华东电力设备有限公司 | A kind of ceramic metal combined binder |
| CN106312839A (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-01-11 | 河南工业大学 | Low-temperature porcelain/ferrous-based metal binding agent for diamond and preparation method thereof |
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| CN104496437A (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2015-04-08 | 常熟市海虞砂轮有限责任公司 | Low-temperature ceramic bond and preparation method thereof |
| CN104907941A (en) * | 2015-05-19 | 2015-09-16 | 山东广益达研磨科技有限公司 | Large-diameter diamond grinding wheel special for coarse grinding of silicon nitride ceramic ball and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN104907941B (en) * | 2015-05-19 | 2017-06-30 | 山东广益达研磨科技有限公司 | A kind of silicon nitride ceramic ball slightly grinds special major diameter skive and preparation method |
| CN105500223B (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2017-12-15 | 河南新源超硬材料有限公司 | High-speed and high-efficiency diamond-impregnated wheel and preparation method thereof and application method |
| CN105500223A (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2016-04-20 | 河南新源超硬材料有限公司 | High-speed and high-efficiency diamond grinding wheel as well as preparation method and usage method thereof |
| CN106181788A (en) * | 2016-07-11 | 2016-12-07 | 无锡市华东电力设备有限公司 | A kind of ceramic metal combined binder |
| CN106312839A (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-01-11 | 河南工业大学 | Low-temperature porcelain/ferrous-based metal binding agent for diamond and preparation method thereof |
| CN107191472B (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2019-04-19 | 安徽巨泰机械制造有限公司 | A kind of agricultural machinery high-strength wearable idler wheel |
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