CN102349366A - Soil layering on-demand cultivation method and compound cultivation machine - Google Patents
Soil layering on-demand cultivation method and compound cultivation machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN102349366A CN102349366A CN2011102516834A CN201110251683A CN102349366A CN 102349366 A CN102349366 A CN 102349366A CN 2011102516834 A CN2011102516834 A CN 2011102516834A CN 201110251683 A CN201110251683 A CN 201110251683A CN 102349366 A CN102349366 A CN 102349366A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a soil layering on-demand cultivation method and a compound cultivation machine, belonging to agricultural cultivation technologies and machines. The method comprises the following steps of: carrying out ultra-deep loosening on the soil at a plough pan layer under the position of 25cm depth under a soil surface; loosening and breaking the soil at a nutrition layer at the position of 10-25cm depth under the soil surface; breaking the soil of a seedbed layer within 10cm under the soil surface; carrying out uniform rotary raking operation; and finally realizing the soil layered on-demand tillage operation. The compound cultivation machine comprises a rack, and a suspension assembly, a plough pan ultra-loosening shovel, a nutrition layer elastic soil loosening and breaking shovel, a main gearbox, a box-shaped change-over gearbox, a cutter holder, a seedbed vertical rake, a soil breaking roller and the like which are assembled on the rack. According to the method disclosed by the invention, the over-cultivation can be reduced, the soil degradation and desertification can be restrained, the crop growth and the crop output can be improved, and the power consumption is less. The machine has a reasonable design, good operation quality and high efficiency, and meets the requirements of a cultivation agricultural technology.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural and plough entire technique and agricultural machinery, relate generally to a kind of upland field soil layer ploughing method and matching used tillage implement.
Background technology
Traditional upland field soil is ploughed tillage operation and is all adopted and turn over or the rotary tillage method is carried out integral body to topsoil soils and unified farming; Turn over or after rotary tillage accomplishes; The kind bed soil and the nutritive layer soil of soil are puddled together; Soil structure is single; Not only consume a large amount of power during operation; And be unfavorable for crop growth, lost and wasted the nutrient component in the nutritive layer soil.In addition, adopt all the year round turn over or the rotary tillage operation after, below nutritive layer soil, form one be difficult for permeable, breathe freely, the tillage pan of hardening, especially be unfavorable for growing of crop middle and later periods, influence crop yield and quality.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is exactly the problem that exists to above-mentioned prior art; Research provides a kind of soil layering farming agricultural method and be applicable to the compound tillage implement that this method requires as required, reaches to promote crop growthing development, the purpose that improves crop yield, practices thrift the operation energy.
The objective of the invention is to realize like this: the soil layering methods of cultivation is as required undertaken by following agronomy step:
1., the tillage pan soil of the soil surface bottom degree of depth below 25 centimeters of at first adjusting the distance is accomplished ultra dark loose operation; Break tillage pan; Tillage pan loosing soil behind the ultra dark pine, permeable, ventilative; Rainy season can nutritive layer soil is too much with planting bed soil moisture under ooze and store, can moisture be provided for nutritive layer soil and kind bed soil in dry season;
2., after 1. operation; Adjust the distance the soil surface bottom in the operation that ravels of the nutritive layer soil of 10-25 centimetre; That soil degree in small, broken bits is controlled at the soil block diameter is average≤and 3 centimeters, soil layer has sufficient water, fertile and adapt to the bulk density of soil, gas content and the soil temperature of crop root growth most;
3., after 2. operation; 10 centimeters of soil surfaces are carried out degree in small, broken bits with interior kind bed soil and uniformity is revolved the rake operation; Make it have anti-water erosion wind erosion and ventilative, permeable well, as to heat, reduce moisture excessive vaporization effect, so far accomplish three layers of farming as required of soil.
The soil layering compound tillage implement of farming as required comprises frame and is fitted in the suspension assembly on the frame front side portion; The ultra deep soil loosing shovel of tillage pan is installed on the frame following side from front to back successively; Nutritive layer elasticity ravel mamoty and hack pack roller; Main-gear box is installed on upper lateral part after the frame; The boxlike transfer gearbox that has tool rest is fitted on the main-gear box following side; Main-gear box is communicated with boxlike transfer gearbox; Planting the vertical rake cutter of bed is packed on the tool rest; The described kind of vertical rake cutter spacing of bed ravels between mamoty and the hack pack roller in nutritive layer elasticity, at boxlike transfer gearbox; Tool rest is installed elastic baffle with planting to contain on the vertical rake cutter of the bed outside portion; The minimum point of the ultra deep soil loosing shovel of described tillage pan and the nutritive layer elasticity height distance size H between the minimum point of mamoty that ravels
2>=10 centimeters, described nutritive layer elasticity ravels, and height distance is of a size of 10≤H between mamoty minimum point and the vertical rake cutter of kind bed minimum point
1≤25 centimeters.
The soil layering methods of cultivation is as required avoided and has been eliminated and planted puddling of bed soil and nutritive layer soil; And break tillage pan soil; Soil degree in small, broken bits is different in each topsoil; So water of the interior soil of each topsoil; Fertile; Gas; Heat is also inequality; According to the demands of different of crop root to different depth soil; Layering is ploughed tillage operation as required and can be the good suitable soil condition of crop root growth creation; Reduced overfarming simultaneously to soil; Effectively suppress soil degradation and desertification; Reduce energy resource consumption; Be beneficial to the sustainable development of agricultural, help the raising with crop yield of growing of crops.Compound tillage implement reasonable in design, operation quality is good, and efficient is high, has satisfied the soil layering agriculture requirement of farming as required, for applying of this method provides reliable type.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing is the soil layering compound tillage implement general structure of a farming sketch map as required.
Piece number explanation among the figure:
1, ravel mamoty, 5, boxlike transfer gearbox, 6, tool rest, 7, the vertical rake cutter of kind bed, 8, elastic baffle, 9, hack pack roller, 10, main-gear box of frame, 2, suspension assembly, 3, the ultra deep soil loosing shovel of tillage pan, 4, nutritive layer elasticity.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the embodiment of the invention is described in detail.Soil layering is the methods of cultivation as required, are undertaken by following agronomy step:
1., the tillage pan soil of the soil surface bottom degree of depth below 25 centimeters of at first adjusting the distance is accomplished ultra dark loose operation; Break tillage pan; Tillage pan loosing soil behind the ultra dark pine, permeable, ventilative; Rainy season can nutritive layer soil is too much with planting bed soil moisture under ooze and store, can moisture be provided for nutritive layer soil and kind bed soil in dry season;
2., after 1. operation; Adjust the distance the soil surface bottom in the operation that ravels of the nutritive layer soil of 10-25 centimetre; That soil degree in small, broken bits is controlled at the soil block diameter is average≤and 3 centimeters, soil layer has sufficient water, fertile and adapt to the bulk density of soil, gas content and the soil temperature of crop root growth most;
3., after 2. operation; 10 centimeters of soil surfaces are carried out degree in small, broken bits with interior kind bed soil and uniformity is revolved the rake operation; Make it have anti-water erosion wind erosion and ventilative, permeable well, as to heat, reduce moisture excessive vaporization effect, so far accomplish three layers of farming as required of soil.
The soil layering compound tillage implement of farming as required comprises frame 1 and is fitted in the suspension assembly 2 on frame 1 front side portion; The ultra deep soil loosing shovel 3 of tillage pan is installed on frame 1 following side from front to back successively; Nutritive layer elasticity ravel mamoty 4 and hack pack roller 9; On frame 1 back upper lateral part, main-gear box 10 is installed; The boxlike transfer gearbox 5 that has tool rest 6 is fitted on main-gear box 10 following sides; Main-gear box 10 is communicated with boxlike transfer gearbox 5; Planting the vertical rake cutter 7 of bed is packed on the tool rest 6; The described kind of vertical rake cutter 7 of bed ravels between mamoty 4 and the hack pack roller 9 in nutritive layer elasticity, at boxlike transfer gearbox 5; Tool rest 6 is installed elastic baffle 8 with planting to contain on the vertical rake cutter of bed 7 outside portions; The minimum point of the ultra deep soil loosing shovel 3 of described tillage pan and the nutritive layer elasticity height distance size H between the minimum point of mamoty 4 that ravels
2>=10 centimeters, described nutritive layer elasticity ravels, and height distance is of a size of 10≤H between mamoty 4 minimum points and vertical rake cutter 7 minimum points of kind bed
1≤25 centimeters.
10cm mainly is the transitional horizon of extraneous and soil with interior kind bed; Have prevent preferably water erosion wind erosion, high ventilation, permeable, heat, reduce excessive water evaporates effect; That is to say that the soil species bed mainly plays protection soil; Absorption also keeps the material favourable to plant growth; Soil requires in small, broken bits and even, satisfies sowing and the fertilising operation requirement to soil.
Nutritive layer 10-25cm is the main grown layer of crop root.To satisfy the growth needs of crop as much as possible; Requirement has sufficient water, the bulk density of soil, gas content and temperature fertile and the most suitable root growth; This layer also is the main nutrient layer of crop; This layer requires soil soil block diameter on average less than below the 3cm; So that when ensureing root system development, keep soil aggregate most possibly, increase self activity of soil.This topsoil soils specific heat is big, and heat conduction is good, and temperature is higher relatively, and variations in temperature is mild, helps crop root and grows.
The following tillage pan of 25cm is the line of demarcation of effective topsoil and bottom soil.Rainy season require it can with on, too much the oozing under water and preserve in middle level; Also to moisture be provided in dry season for kind of a bed, nutritive layer.This layer also is the main root grown layer, requires loosing soil, permeable, ventilative, dark loose operation can realize above-mentioned requirements.
Claims (2)
1. the soil layering methods of cultivation as required, it is characterized in that soil layering as required farming undertaken by following agronomy step:
1., the tillage pan soil of the soil surface bottom degree of depth below 25 centimeters of at first adjusting the distance is accomplished ultra dark loose operation; Break tillage pan; Tillage pan loosing soil behind the ultra dark pine, permeable, ventilative; Rainy season can nutritive layer soil is too much with planting bed soil moisture under ooze and store, can moisture be provided for nutritive layer soil and kind bed soil in dry season;
2., after 1. operation; Adjust the distance the soil surface bottom in the operation that ravels of the nutritive layer soil of 10-25 centimetre; That soil degree in small, broken bits is controlled at the soil block diameter is average≤and 3 centimeters, soil layer has sufficient water, fertile and adapt to the bulk density of soil, gas content and the soil temperature of crop root growth most;
3., after 2. operation; 10 centimeters of soil surfaces are carried out degree in small, broken bits with interior kind bed soil and uniformity is revolved the rake operation; Make it have anti-water erosion wind erosion and ventilative, permeable well, as to heat, reduce moisture excessive vaporization effect, so far accomplish three layers of farming as required of soil.
2. one kind is applicable to the soil layering as claimed in claim 1 compound tillage implement of farming as required; Comprise frame (1) and be fitted in the suspension assembly (2) on frame (1) front side portion; It is characterized in that on frame (1) following side, the ultra deep soil loosing shovel of tillage pan (3) being installed successively from front to back; Nutritive layer elasticity ravel mamoty (4) and hack pack roller (9); On the upper lateral part of frame (1) back, main-gear box (10) is installed; The boxlike transfer gearbox (5) that has tool rest (6) is fitted on main-gear box (10) following side; Main-gear box (10) is communicated with boxlike transfer gearbox (5); Planting the vertical rake cutter of bed (7) is packed on the tool rest (6); The described kind of vertical rake cutter of bed (7) is positioned at nutritive layer elasticity and ravels between mamoty (4) and the hack pack roller (9), at boxlike transfer gearbox (5); Contain on tool rest (6) and the kind vertical rake cutter of bed (7) outside portion elastic baffle (8) is installed; The minimum point of the ultra deep soil loosing shovel of described tillage pan (3) and the nutritive layer elasticity height distance size H between the minimum point of mamoty (4) that ravels
2>=10 centimeters, described nutritive layer elasticity ravels, and height distance is of a size of 10≤H between mamoty (4) minimum point and the kind vertical rake cutter of bed (7) minimum point
1≤25 centimeters.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2011102516834A CN102349366A (en) | 2011-08-30 | 2011-08-30 | Soil layering on-demand cultivation method and compound cultivation machine |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011102516834A CN102349366A (en) | 2011-08-30 | 2011-08-30 | Soil layering on-demand cultivation method and compound cultivation machine |
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| CN102349366A true CN102349366A (en) | 2012-02-15 |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104594810A (en) * | 2015-02-09 | 2015-05-06 | 李阳铭 | Spiral bit of deep loosening cultivator |
| CN107333475A (en) * | 2017-08-18 | 2017-11-10 | 农业部南京农业机械化研究所 | A kind of dry land Polymorphous tillage machine |
| CN109348750A (en) * | 2018-12-08 | 2019-02-19 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院经济作物研究所 | Grassland bottom powdery ridge is loosened the soil the rich careless ecological method of polywater |
| RU209958U1 (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2022-03-24 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Брянский государственный аграрный университет" | WORKING BODY FOR SLAVING THE SOIL |
| CN115399089A (en) * | 2022-08-23 | 2022-11-29 | 山东省农业机械科学研究院 | Combined plough with soil crushing function |
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| US3304895A (en) * | 1964-08-17 | 1967-02-21 | Int Harvester Co | Earthworking apparatus |
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| GB1512480A (en) * | 1973-12-28 | 1978-06-01 | Nat Res Dev | Soil working implements and methods |
| CN2645419Y (en) * | 2003-08-20 | 2004-10-06 | 黑龙江省农业机械工程科学研究院 | Compound minimum tillage machine |
| CN201182060Y (en) * | 2008-04-21 | 2009-01-21 | 许春林 | Subsoiling type combined type combined soil-working machine |
| CN101491176A (en) * | 2009-03-06 | 2009-07-29 | 哈尔滨市农业机械化研究所 | Tillage agricultural method and compound working tool |
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2011
- 2011-08-30 CN CN2011102516834A patent/CN102349366A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
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| US3304895A (en) * | 1964-08-17 | 1967-02-21 | Int Harvester Co | Earthworking apparatus |
| US3811387A (en) * | 1970-01-09 | 1974-05-21 | Gear Co M W | Method and apparatus for minimum tillage farming |
| GB1512480A (en) * | 1973-12-28 | 1978-06-01 | Nat Res Dev | Soil working implements and methods |
| CN2645419Y (en) * | 2003-08-20 | 2004-10-06 | 黑龙江省农业机械工程科学研究院 | Compound minimum tillage machine |
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Non-Patent Citations (2)
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104594810A (en) * | 2015-02-09 | 2015-05-06 | 李阳铭 | Spiral bit of deep loosening cultivator |
| CN107333475A (en) * | 2017-08-18 | 2017-11-10 | 农业部南京农业机械化研究所 | A kind of dry land Polymorphous tillage machine |
| CN109348750A (en) * | 2018-12-08 | 2019-02-19 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院经济作物研究所 | Grassland bottom powdery ridge is loosened the soil the rich careless ecological method of polywater |
| RU209958U1 (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2022-03-24 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Брянский государственный аграрный университет" | WORKING BODY FOR SLAVING THE SOIL |
| CN115399089A (en) * | 2022-08-23 | 2022-11-29 | 山东省农业机械科学研究院 | Combined plough with soil crushing function |
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Application publication date: 20120215 |