CN102345863A - Depth hierarchy low-NOx combustion system in low-temperature plasma direct-current pulverized coal furnace - Google Patents
Depth hierarchy low-NOx combustion system in low-temperature plasma direct-current pulverized coal furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN102345863A CN102345863A CN2011102980693A CN201110298069A CN102345863A CN 102345863 A CN102345863 A CN 102345863A CN 2011102980693 A CN2011102980693 A CN 2011102980693A CN 201110298069 A CN201110298069 A CN 201110298069A CN 102345863 A CN102345863 A CN 102345863A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a depth hierarchy low-NOx combustion system in a low-temperature plasma direct-current pulverized coal furnace. The system comprises a furnace and four low-temperature plasma direct-current pulverized coal ignition combustors which are configured in the main combustion region of a boiler hearth in a four-angle mode; a primary air nozzle of each low-temperature plasma direct-current pulverized coal ignition combustor is connected with the main combustion region of the hearth, and the main combustion region of the hearth is connected with a secondary air main pipeline nozzle; the hearth after-combustion region of the boiler is provided with a sectional air nozzle; a secondary air branch pipe is configured on the secondary air main pipeline; the sectional air nozzle is connected with the secondary air branch pipe, i.e., fuel materials are subjected to thermal cracking treatment before the combustion of the fuel materials, and the combustion effect is improved; and hierarchy air distribution is adopted for the combustion in a fuel furnace, thus the NOx generation is reduced. Therefore, according to the invention, the low-temperature plasma direct-current pulverized coal ignition combustors and the furnace hierarchy low-NOx combustion system are combined, the stable combustion of a combustion device under a low-load condition is ensured, simultaneously on the premises of not reducing the economic efficiency of the boiler, the emission of NOx is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of coal dust low NOx combustion system, especially a kind of with low-temperature plasma straight-through pulverized coal burner and the technological coal dust low NOx combustion system that combines to be applied to boiler of stove internal classification air distribution.Belong to the thermal power field of engineering technology, and environmental technology field.
Background technology
Nitrogen oxide is one of main atmosphere pollution, mainly comprises NO, NO
2, N
2O, N
2O
3, N
2O
5Deng, general designation NOx.Nitrogen oxide also can produce multiple secondary pollution except as the primary pollution injury health.Nitrogen oxide is one of important as precursors thing that generates ozone, also is to form that regional fine particle pollutes and the major reason of grey haze, thereby developed area atmospheric visibility such as China's Delta of the Pearl River is descended day by day, and grey haze fate constantly increases.In recent years, China's total particulate discharge capacity is controlled basically, and SO2 emissions descend to some extent, but nitrogen oxide emission rises rapidly along with the quick growth of China's energy-consuming and vehicle guaranteeding organic quantity.Result of study also shows, the increase of nitrogen oxide emission make China's acid rain pollution by sulfuric acid type to sulfuric acid and the compound transformation of nitric acid, nitrate ion in acid rain shared ratio from 1/10 of the eighties in last century progressively rise in recent years 1/3.The Eleventh Five-Year Plan period, the quick growth of discharged nitrous oxides has aggravated the degradating trend of regional acid rain, partial offset China in the great efforts of being paid aspect the sulfur dioxide reduction of discharging.Thermoelectricity industry nitrogen oxide emission is huge, presses for control.Statistical analysis according to " the discharged nitrous oxides control technology project study report of Chinese thermal power plant " of Chinese environmental protection industry association tissue; The nitrogen oxide total amount of power plant emission in 2007 has increased to 8,400,000 tons; Increased closely 40.6% than 597.3 ten thousand tons in 2003, accounted for 35%～40% of national nitrogen oxide emission.The discharged nitrous oxides level of China unit's generated energy in 2007 is 3.1 gram/kilowatt hours, with world major industrial country relatively, is higher than developed country's unit generated energy emission levels in 1999 such as the U.S., Japan, Britain, Germany.According to scholarly forecast, along with the national economic development, population growth and quickening of urbanization process, Chinese nitrogen oxide emission will continue to increase.National nitrogen oxide emission reached 2,000 ten thousand tons in 2008, became the first in the world discharged nitrous oxides state.If there is not control, nitrogen oxide emission will reach 3,000 ten thousand tons at the year two thousand twenty, bring huge threat for China's atmospheric environment.
Three kinds of mechanism that generate NOx in the thermoelectricity industry process of coal combustion are: heating power type, prompt type and fuel type.Fuel type NOx accounts for 80% of NOx total release.Fuel type NOx generates owing to containing nitrogen (N) in the fuel, and in process of coal combustion, fuel N overflows with fugitive constituent and goes into oxygen reaction generation NOx in the stove air; Anoxycausis in the coal dust primary zone, in the coal dust firing starting stage, fuel N overflows with fugitive constituent, generates NOx, and under the situation of anoxic, NOx is reduced into N2 again then, in appropriate location, top, primary zone, sprays into after-flame wind at last, with coke after-flame in the flying dust.At present the low N0x combustion technology that generally adopts of boiler factory mainly contains: air classification combustion technology, fuel-staged combustion technology, catch fire overheavy firing and combustion technology etc. more in advance.These The Application of Technology can produce the burning tissue in the stove usually and change, thereby influence the efficiency of combustion of boiler.During the boiler actual motion, considering coal dust catching fire after spraying into burner hearth, the surely requirement of combustion and after-flame, and boiler operatiopn economic index, the degree of fuel staging and air classification is limited, and the effect of NOx reduction of discharging can't reach expection.
Therefore, station boiler presses for a kind of efficient low NOx combusting technology that steady combustion and efficiency of combustion are not exerted an influence, and satisfies the requirement that generating plant pulverized coal boiler NOx reduces discharging.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the deficiency of prior art, degree of depth classification low NOx combustion system in a kind of low temperature plasma direct current coal-powder boiler stove is provided, it carries out thermal cracking to fuel before fuel combustion handles, and improves combustion efficiency; In the Fuel Furnace internal combustion, adopt staged air distribution, generate thereby reduce NOx.Therefore; Technical purpose of the present invention is to combine the low-temperature plasma straight-through pulverized coal burner with stove internal classification low NOx combustion system; Thereby guarantee combustion apparatus ability smooth combustion under the underload situation, solve simultaneously under the prerequisite that does not reduce the boiler business efficiency, reduce the discharging of NOx.
For realizing above technical purpose, the present invention will take following technical scheme:
Degree of depth classification low NOx combustion system in a kind of low temperature plasma direct current coal-powder boiler stove; Comprise boiler and be four jiaos of four groups of low-temperature plasma direct current coal dust start-up burners that are arranged in the boiler furnace primary zone; A wind snout of every group of low-temperature plasma direct current coal dust start-up burner all links to each other with the burner hearth primary zone; And the burner hearth primary zone is connected with secondary wind trunk line spout; The burner hearth burning-out zone of said boiler is installed segmentation wind nozzle, said secondary wind trunk line configuration secondary wind arm, and said segmentation wind nozzle is connected with the secondary wind arm; Said low-temperature plasma direct current coal dust start-up burner comprises coal burner, plasma generator and cooling chamber, and said plasma generator is installed in plasma generator and installs in the pipeline section, and the inlet of said coal burner is connected with the burner connecting cylinder; Said plasma generator is installed on the cylindrical shell of burner connecting cylinder, and the axis angle α of the axis of plasma generator and coal burner is: 75 ° of ﹤ α≤90 °; The inner flow passage entrance of coal burner is installed one-level thermal cracking chamber, and cooling chamber is installed in the burner connecting cylinder; The thermal source passage of the spout end of said plasma generator through cooling chamber is connected with one-level thermal cracking chamber, and the thermal source channel entrance end of cooling chamber with put windburn powder tube and be connected, the low-temperature receiver passage of cooling chamber then is connected with the low-temperature receiver medium; The spout end of said plasma generator and the interior vertical pulverized coal concentrator that is split into two strands of wind powder streams of the igniting pulverized coal flow that impels inlet point windburn powder tube of installing of the cooling chamber thermal source pipeline between the some windburn powder tube.
Said plasma generator comprises cathode assembly, anode assemblies and the anode and cathode connector that cathode assembly, anode assemblies are connected, wherein: said cathode assembly, comprise the open at both ends setting cathode shell, in establish the negative electrode and the negative electrode conducting rod of cavity; The upper end of cathode shell and the sealing-in of negative electrode top cover, and the internal face of cathode shell is processed with negative electrode water-cooled cannelure; The two ends of negative electrode outer wall respectively with negative electrode water-cooled cannelure up and down both sides flange accordingly liquid sealing be connected; One end of negative electrode conducting rod tightens up with the cathode connection plate after stretching out the negative electrode top cover; The other end then places the inner chamber of negative electrode; And negative electrode conducting rod, negative electrode, cathode shell and negative electrode top cover assembling back form the cathode inlet chamber; Offer cathode inlet mouth and negative electrode water inlet that is communicated with the water-cooled cannelure respectively and the negative electrode delivery port that connects with the cathode inlet chamber accordingly on the cathode shell simultaneously, said negative electrode conducting rod is connected the back to be fixed with the cathode arc controller with the thread in inner cavity of negative electrode; Said cathode arc controller comprises eddy flow spare body, and this eddy flow spare body offers core jet pipe along axis; Said eddy flow spare body comprises the eddy flow cylindrical section and extends the eddy flow conical section that forms along the end contraction of cylindrical section that simultaneously, the outer surface of said eddy flow cylindrical section is offered helicla flute; Said core jet pipe, helicla flute all are communicated with the cathode inlet chamber through the water conservancy diversion through hole of offering on the negative electrode conducting rod; And core jet pipe is by boring the section jet pipe and forming along the shell of column jet pipe that awl section jet pipe carefully holds extension to form; Said shell of column jet pipe is opened in the eddy flow conical section; Awl section jet pipe then is opened in the eddy flow cylindrical section, and the big end of core jet pipe is adjacent with the negative electrode conducting rod; Said anode assemblies comprises anode, anode water jacket, anode casing and anode eddy flow ring; The inwall that anode casing nestles up the upper end is provided with groove, the open end that the periphery of anode eddy flow ring and groove bottom land the are oppositely arranged sealing-in that closely cooperates, and the space between this anode eddy flow ring and the groove bottom land forms the anode inlet plenum; The circumferencial direction of anode eddy flow ring is uniformly distributed with the tangential discharge orifice more than 2; Anode is offered the jet pipe that is used for plasma jet vertically, and anode places the below of anode eddy flow ring, and the outer surface of anode is connected with the anode casing liquid sealing simultaneously; Anode water is placed between anode and the anode casing, and this anode water jacket is divided into anode cooling water water-supplying chamber and the anode cooling water intake chamber that is communicated with anode with space between the anode casing; Offer the anode coolant outlet, the anode inlet that is connected with the perforation of anode inlet plenum and the placing chamber that is used to install the striking device that connect the anode cooling water inlet is connected, connect with anode cooling water water-supplying chamber with anode cooling water intake chamber on the anode casing respectively; Said anode and cathode connector comprises insulating sleeve, and an end of this insulating sleeve is threaded with negative electrode, and the other end then passes through supported flange and is connected with anode.
Said negative electrode outer wall is separated into negative electrode cooling water intake chamber and the negative electrode cooling water water-supplying chamber that is communicated with space between the water-cooled cannelure through the negative electrode water jacket is set; And an end of negative electrode water jacket is threaded with negative electrode water-cooled cannelure, and the negative electrode water inlet is communicated with negative electrode cooling water intake chamber, and the negative electrode delivery port then is communicated with negative electrode cooling water water-supplying chamber.
Said cathode inlet mouth is connected with the inwall tangential of cathode inlet chamber; The negative electrode water inlet is connected the tangential with negative electrode cooling water intake chamber inwall, negative electrode cooling water water-supplying chamber inwall respectively with the negative electrode delivery port accordingly; Anode inlet is connected with anode inlet plenum inwall tangential; Anode cooling water inlet, anode coolant outlet are connected the tangential with anode cooling water intake chamber inwall, anode cooling water water-supplying chamber inwall respectively accordingly.
Said striking device is a hf arc starter, comprises armature, coil, insulating support and tungsten pin; Coil is connected with high-frequency exiting power; One end and the insulating support of armature are hinged, and the other end is then adjacent with coil; Tungsten pin one end is fixedly connected with armature, and the other end then passes insulating support and suspends.
On the said secondary wind arm flow measurement device is installed.
According to above technical scheme, can realize following beneficial effect:
1, the present invention adopts the igniter of low-temperature plasma direct current coal dust start-up burner as fdc heater; Keep duty at plasma generator; Make the fuel generation heat cracking reaction that gets into burner hearth; And can adjust the thermal cracking degree of coal dust in burner through changing the power output of plasma generator.The oxygen amount that provides of wind air once only in the burner, excess air coefficient is very low, and the strong reducing property burning situation of formation can reduce the generation of NOx effectively.After fuel sprays into burner hearth, because ignition issues solves, only need guarantee that certain air capacity guarantees steady combustion, so whole air distribution can be regulated in a wider context in the stove, the excess air coefficient in primary zone also can be controlled at very low level.Like this, in burner inside and main combustion zone, all form extremely strong reducing atmosphere, helped suppressing the generation of NOx in the process of coal combustion.For guaranteeing the final burn-off rate of coal dust; Surplus air is infeeded with after-flame wind form from upper furnace; Form the zone of a strong oxidizing property atmosphere; Make in boiler master combustion zone imperfect combustion coal dust in this zone with the air intense mixing, fully reaction, thus the assurance boiler combustion efficiency does not reduce.
2, the low-temperature plasma burner can make coal dust before getting into burner hearth, thermal cracking take place, and C element in the fuel can't be mixed with enough air under the condition of high-temperature low-oxygen just begin big quantitative response, and product is main with CO.In this atmosphere, behind the pulverized coal preheating in the fuel nitrogen component break, generate simultaneously amino type or cyanogen class nitrogen atom group (NH3, CN, HCN).If this course of reaction is in reducing medium, to carry out (surplus air coefficient DB < 0.4), then the unstable atom of the above-mentioned type group majority changes into dinitrogen (N2), and does not change into nitrogen oxide, has finally reduced the generation of fuel type Nox.
3, simultaneously, because excess air coefficient is very low in the primary zone, coal dust firing is incomplete, and temperature is limited, has controlled the generation of heating power type NOx.At burning-out zone, though obtaining sufficient amount of oxygen, uncombusted fuel fully reacts, because the entrained air temperature is lower, the NOx growing amount is little, makes the overall growing amount of NOx be effectively controlled.
In sum, the present invention can guarantee effectively to suppress the growing amount of NOx in the process of coal combustion under the prerequisite that boiler combustion efficiency does not reduce, and realizes that NOx reduces discharging.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the vertical view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of low-temperature plasma direct current coal dust start-up burner among Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of Fig. 3 ionic medium generator;
Fig. 5 is the A-A cutaway view of Fig. 4;
Fig. 6 is a plasma hf arc starter sketch map;
Wherein: anode 1; Anode O RunddichtringO 2; Anode water jacket 3; Anode casing 4; Anode seal 5; Plasma hf arc starter 6; Anode eddy flow ring 7; Insulation gland flange 8; Insulated connectors 9; Locking nut 10; Negative electrode 11; Negative electrode water jacket 12; Negative electrode lower house 13; Negative electrode upper shell 14; Burner connecting cylinder 15; One-level thermal cracking chamber 16; Plasma generator 17; Plasma generator pipe laying 18; Cooling chamber 19; Wind powder connecting cylinder 20; Point windburn powder tube 21; Vertical strong/weak concentrated block 22; Burner hearth primary zone 23; Low-temperature plasma direct current coal dust start-up burner 24; Segmentation wind nozzle 25; Burner hearth burning-out zone 26; Negative electrode top cover 27; Nut 28; Negative electrode take-up device 29; Cathode connection plate 30; Negative electrode sealing gasket 31; Negative electrode pad 32; Negative electrode top O RunddichtringO 33; Negative electrode cyclone 34; Negative electrode bottom O RunddichtringO 35; Cathode terminal 36; Mounting flange 37; Cathode inlet chamber 38; Negative electrode cooling intake chamber 39; Negative electrode cooling water-supplying chamber 40; Anode inlet plenum 41; Anode cooling intake chamber 42; Anode cooling water-supplying chamber 43; Armature 61; Coil 62; Insulating support 63; Tungsten pin 64.
The specific embodiment
Accompanying drawing discloses the structural representation of preferred embodiment involved in the present invention without limitation; Below will combine accompanying drawing that technical scheme of the present invention at length is described.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2; Degree of depth classification low NOx combustion system in the low temperature plasma direct current coal-powder boiler stove according to the invention; Comprise boiler and be four jiaos of four groups of low-temperature plasma direct current coal dust start-up burners that are arranged in the boiler furnace primary zone; A wind snout of every group of low-temperature plasma direct current coal dust start-up burner all links to each other with the burner hearth primary zone, and the burner hearth primary zone is connected the burner hearth burning-out zone installation segmentation wind nozzle of said boiler with secondary wind trunk line spout; Said secondary wind trunk line configuration secondary wind arm, said segmentation wind nozzle is connected with the secondary wind arm.
During boiler operatiopn, plasma generator 17 remains duty, and plasma and heat cracking reaction chamber are heated to 800～1100 ℃ to coal dust, makes it before burner arrives at burner hearth, to reach the temperature of isolating the solid phase fugitive constituent; Burning wind snout of device links to each other with burner hearth master combustion zone 23; Formation temperature reached the mixture (fuel gas greater than 30%+residue charcoal core) more than the 1200K when coal dust fuel sprayed from burner; Mix back self ignition and smooth combustion with secondary wind, the heat that burning discharges removes to light remaining coal dust fuel.Through with respectively extracting a transportation work style on the two side secondary air house stewards, cause 23 tops, burner hearth master combustion zone through airduct, get into the segmentation wind nozzle 25 of both sides respectively, oxygen concentration reduces in the primary zone thereby make, and is formed with to be beneficial to suppress the strong reducing property atmosphere that N0x generates.Heat cracking reaction takes place in coal dust under action of plasma before getting into burner hearth, the C element in the fuel is big quantitative response under the condition of high temperature and strict control oxygen making amount, and product is main with CO.In this atmosphere, behind the pulverized coal preheating in the fuel nitrogen component break, generate simultaneously amino type or cyanogen class nitrogen atom group (NH3, CN, HCN).If this course of reaction is in reducing medium, to carry out (surplus air coefficient DB < 0.4), then the unstable atom of the above-mentioned type group majority changes into dinitrogen (N2), and does not change into nitrogen oxide, has finally reduced the generation of fuel type NOx.Because excess air coefficient is very low in the primary zone 23, coal dust firing is incomplete, and temperature is limited, has controlled the generation of heating power type NOx.
Extract a transportation work style before, inject burner hearth burning-out zone 26,, form very strong oxidizing atmosphere, the pulverized coal particle in the flue gas is burnt at this with the unburnt flue gas intense mixing of coming from main combustion zone 23 from the after-flame wind snout 25 of upper furnace.At burning-out zone 26, owing to injected a large amount of Cryogenic air, make that the temperature levels in the burner hearth burning-out zone can be too not high, so fully the burn NOx amount that generates of coal dust is limited from after-flame wind snout 25.Like this, just under the prerequisite that has guaranteed boiler combustion efficiency and business efficiency, reduced the generation of N0x.
As shown in Figure 3; Low-temperature plasma direct current coal dust start-up burner according to the invention comprises coal burner, plasma generator and cooling chamber; Said plasma generator is installed in plasma generator and installs in the pipeline section, and the inlet of said coal burner is connected with the burner connecting cylinder; Said plasma generator is installed on the cylindrical shell of burner connecting cylinder, and the axis angle α of the axis of plasma generator and coal burner is: 75 ° of ﹤ α≤90 °; The inner flow passage entrance of coal burner is installed one-level thermal cracking chamber, and cooling chamber is installed in the burner connecting cylinder; The thermal source passage of the spout end of said plasma generator through cooling chamber is connected with one-level thermal cracking chamber, and the thermal source channel entrance end of cooling chamber with put windburn powder tube and be connected, the low-temperature receiver passage of cooling chamber then is connected with the low-temperature receiver medium; The spout end of said plasma generator and the interior vertical pulverized coal concentrator that is split into two strands of wind powder streams of the igniting pulverized coal flow that impels inlet point windburn powder tube of installing of the cooling chamber thermal source pipeline between the some windburn powder tube.
Like Fig. 4 and shown in Figure 5, each member function of plasma generator of the present invention is following:
Anode 1: be assembled together with anode O RunddichtringO 2, anode water jacket 3, anode casing body 4, anode seal 5, anode eddy flow ring 7, form anode assemblies; Be designed to conical horn degree of lip-rounding shape, the compressed air of the rotation that produces through anode eddy flow ring 7 makes its surperficial electric arc arcing point produce rotation, reduces surface abrasion, improves service life; Because its particular structural, generate low temperature plasma down with the acting in conjunction of negative electrode 11, penetrate the low temperature plasma torch of rotation;
Anode O RunddichtringO 2: the sealing of anode 1 bottom and junction, anode casing body 4 bottom prevents that cooling water from leaking outside;
Anode water jacket 3: with the spaces between anode 1 outer surface and anode casing body 4 inner surfaces into two, form anode cooling intake chamber 30 and anode cooling water-supplying chamber 31, and make cooling water produce rotation, fully antianode 1 cools off, and improves cooling effect;
Anode casing body 4: with anode 1 through being threaded, plasma hf arc starter 6 is fixed on its side through screw; Be provided with anode inlet d, anode water inlet e, anode delivery port f;
Anode seal 5: the sealing of anode 1 top and threaded connection place, anode casing body 4 top prevents that cooling water from leaking outside;
Plasma hf arc starter 6: list separately, its structural representation is as shown in Figure 6: comprise armature, coil, insulating support and tungsten pin; Coil is connected with high-frequency exiting power; One end and the insulating support of armature are hinged, and the other end is then adjacent with coil; Tungsten pin one end is fixedly connected with armature, and the other end then passes insulating support and suspends.
Anode eddy flow ring 7: after 4 assemblings of anode casing body, form anode inlet plenum 29, will also produce rotation through the compressed air uniform distribution along the circumferential direction that anode inlet d gets into;
Insulation gland flange 8: insulated connectors 9 is fastened on the anode casing body 4 through bolt;
Insulated connectors 9: anode assemblies and cathode assembly are linked together, and insulation effect is played in two-part connection; Antianode ring 7 plays fixation simultaneously; With negative electrode lower house 13 through being threaded, the location is accurately regulated in the gap of being convenient between negative electrode 11 and the anode 1;
Locking nut 10: after adjust in the gap between negative electrode 11 and the anode 1, cathode assembly and insulated connectors 9 are locked;
Negative electrode 11: fit together the formation cathode assembly with negative electrode water jacket 12, negative electrode lower house 13, negative electrode upper shell 14, negative electrode top cover 15, nut 16, negative electrode take-up device 17, cathode connection plate 18, negative electrode sealing gasket 19, negative electrode pad 20, negative electrode top O RunddichtringO 21, negative electrode cyclone 22, negative electrode bottom O RunddichtringO 23; Be designed to cylindrical tube shape, negative electrode cyclone 22 belows are arc chamber, produce the high-temperature electric arc of rotation, and negative electrode compressed air is become plasma; Its characteristics are that machining area is big, the change that the electric arc arcing point does not stop owing to turning effort, the life-span of effectively improving negative electrode; Because its particular structural, under the acting in conjunction of anode 1, the plasma that is produced is a low temperature plasma;
Negative electrode water jacket 12: with negative electrode upper shell 14 through being threaded; With the spaces between negative electrode 11 outer surfaces and negative electrode lower house 13 inner surfaces into two; Form negative electrode cooling intake chamber 39 and negative electrode cooling water-supplying chamber 40, fully target 11 cools off, and improves cooling effect;
Negative electrode lower house 13: be provided with negative electrode delivery port b; With insulated connectors 9 through being threaded, the location is accurately regulated in the gap of being convenient between negative electrode 11 and the anode 1; Be welded to connect through argon arc with negative electrode upper shell 14;
Negative electrode upper shell 14: be provided with negative electrode water inlet a, cathode inlet mouth c; Be welded to connect through argon arc with negative electrode lower house 13;
Negative electrode top cover 27: be connected fixingly through nut with negative electrode upper shell 14, and form cathode inlet chamber 38;
Nut 28: cooperate fixed negative pole 11 and cathode connection plate 30 with take-up device 29;
Negative electrode take-up device 29: with negative electrode 11 through being threaded, fixed negative pole cyclone 22 is provided with passage and guiding gutter, the compressed air in the cathode inlet chamber 38 is dispensed to uniformly the air inlet of negative electrode cyclone 34; Link to each other with cathode connection plate 30, power cathode is communicated to negative electrode 11, also can be used as the dismounting orientation tool that negative electrode 11 is connected with cathode shell;
Cathode connection plate 30: power cathode is connected with the transition of negative electrode;
Negative electrode sealing gasket 31: the target inlet plenum, 38 seal;
Negative electrode pad 32: the location when being used for the demolition, installation negative electrode;
Negative electrode top O RunddichtringO 33: the sealing between cathode inlet chamber 38 and the negative electrode cooling intake chamber 39;
Negative electrode cyclone 34: characteristics are that circumferencial direction adopts multi-thread helicla flute, make the carrier compressed air that produces plasma produce rotation, change arcing point, improve the life-span of negative electrode 11;
Negative electrode bottom O RunddichtringO 35: the sealing of negative electrode 11 bottoms and junction, negative electrode lower house 13 bottom prevents that cooling water from leaking outside;
Anode terminal 36: be welded on the anode casing body 4, positive source is connected with transition between the anode 1;
Mounting flange 37: be used for plasma generator and be connected with installation between the burner;
Cathode inlet chamber 38: make the compressed air uniform distribution that gets into negative electrode;
Negative electrode cooling intake chamber 39: make the cooling water uniform distribution that gets into negative electrode;
Negative electrode cooling water-supplying chamber 40: negative electrode cooling water hot water and cold water are separated the back evenly discharge;
Anode inlet plenum 41: make the compressed air uniform distribution that gets into the anode utmost point;
Anode cooling intake chamber 42: make the cooling water uniform distribution that gets into anode;
Anode cooling water-supplying chamber 43: anode cooling water hot water and cold water are separated the back evenly discharge;
A, negative electrode water inlet: type of attachment is divided into quick connector type and the type of being threaded;
B, negative electrode delivery port: type of attachment is divided into quick connector type and the type of being threaded;
C, cathode inlet mouth: type of attachment is divided into quick connector type and the type of being threaded;
D, anode inlet: type of attachment is divided into quick connector type and the type of being threaded;
E, anode water inlet: type of attachment is divided into quick connector type and the type of being threaded;
F, anode delivery port: type of attachment is divided into quick connector type and the type of being threaded.
The present invention is in whole boiler running process, and the plasma generator on the burner keeps duty; Formation temperature reached the mixture (fuel gas greater than 30%+residue charcoal core) more than the 1200K when coal dust fuel sprayed from burner, mixed back self ignition and smooth combustion with secondary wind, and the heat that burning discharges removes to light remaining coal dust fuel.Reduce the secondary air flow that the primary zone infeeds simultaneously, in the primary zone, form a kind of strong reducing property atmosphere, coal dust fuel is burnt under the state of high temperature anoxic; Surplus air infeeds in the burner hearth with after-flame wind form in upper furnace; Form the zone of a strong oxidizing property atmosphere; Make in boiler master combustion zone imperfect combustion coal dust in this zone with the air intense mixing, fully react, to satisfy the needs of coal dust after-flame.Its plasma generator generates low temperature plasma through arcing, and plasma contains a large amount of chemically active particles, like atom (C, H, O), atomic group (OH, H
2, O
2), ion (O
2 -, H
2 -, OH
-, O
-, H
+) and electronics etc., can quicken the heat chemistry conversion, promote the green powder combustion decomposition.Plasma generator of the present invention has all adopted the thermal cracking gasification technology.It is that plasma and heat cracking reaction chamber can be heated to 800～1100 ℃ to coal dust, makes it before burner arrives at burner hearth, to reach the temperature of isolating the solid phase fugitive constituent, can reach the combustion-supporting condition of black furnace non-oil ignition and underload; Plasma generator generates low temperature plasma through arcing, the wind powder is heated, at the indoor heat cracking reaction that carries out of thermal cracking; The solid coal pruinescence is ionized into gaseous state, isolates fugitive constituent, makes the coal dust partial combustion; Reduce the oxygen content in the primary wind and powder, make one-level thermal cracking chamber outlet fuel temperature be higher than the burning of coal temperature, less than the coal dust melting temperature; The oxygen amount levels off to 0 simultaneously, is strict controlled in anaerobic state, and exit, thermal cracking chamber fuel is directly sent into boiler furnace; The core concept of coal burner makes the farthest gasification of pulverized coal particle quilt to generate the low-temperature burning behind the realization coal gas through the fuel combination combustible gas component several times behind the plasma gasification for before combustion process, to add physical reactions.Reduce the secondary air flow that the primary zone infeeds; Be from the secondary wind house steward of burner hearth left and right sides porch, respectively to extract a transportation work style, cause top, burner hearth primary zone, get into front and back four the segmentation wind nozzle of both sides respectively through airduct; Spray into burner hearth as after-flame wind; Thereby form oxygen debt district in the primary zone, on top, primary zone, the after-flame wind action makes some combustible after-flames that do not fire; Get on the pipeline of each after-flame wind combustor, flow measurement device is set, control after-flame wind throttle opening and air quantity variation in direct ratio.
Claims (6)
1. degree of depth classification low NOx combustion system in the low temperature plasma direct current coal-powder boiler stove; Comprise boiler and be four jiaos of four groups of low-temperature plasma direct current coal dust start-up burners that are arranged in the boiler furnace primary zone; A wind snout of every group of low-temperature plasma direct current coal dust start-up burner all links to each other with the burner hearth primary zone; And the burner hearth primary zone is connected with secondary wind trunk line spout; It is characterized in that: the burner hearth burning-out zone of said boiler is installed segmentation wind nozzle, said secondary wind trunk line configuration secondary wind arm, and said segmentation wind nozzle is connected with the secondary wind arm; Said low-temperature plasma direct current coal dust start-up burner comprises coal burner, plasma generator and cooling chamber, and said plasma generator is installed in plasma generator and installs in the pipeline section, and the inlet of said coal burner is connected with the burner connecting cylinder; Said plasma generator is installed on the cylindrical shell of burner connecting cylinder, and the axis angle α of the axis of plasma generator and coal burner is: 75 ° of ﹤ α≤90 °; The inner flow passage entrance of coal burner is installed one-level thermal cracking chamber, and cooling chamber is installed in the burner connecting cylinder; The thermal source passage of the spout end of said plasma generator through cooling chamber is connected with one-level thermal cracking chamber, and the thermal source channel entrance end of cooling chamber with put windburn powder tube and be connected, the low-temperature receiver passage of cooling chamber then is connected with the low-temperature receiver medium; The spout end of said plasma generator and the interior vertical pulverized coal concentrator that is split into two strands of wind powder streams of the igniting pulverized coal flow that impels inlet point windburn powder tube of installing of the cooling chamber thermal source pipeline between the some windburn powder tube.
2. according to degree of depth classification low NOx combustion system in the said low temperature plasma direct current of the claim 1 coal-powder boiler stove; It is characterized in that: said plasma generator comprises cathode assembly, anode assemblies and the anode and cathode connector that cathode assembly, anode assemblies are connected, wherein:
Said cathode assembly, comprise the open at both ends setting cathode shell, in establish the negative electrode and the negative electrode conducting rod of cavity; The upper end of cathode shell and the sealing-in of negative electrode top cover, and the internal face of cathode shell is processed with negative electrode water-cooled cannelure; The two ends of negative electrode outer wall respectively with negative electrode water-cooled cannelure up and down both sides flange accordingly liquid sealing be connected; One end of negative electrode conducting rod tightens up with the cathode connection plate after stretching out the negative electrode top cover; The other end then places the inner chamber of negative electrode; And negative electrode conducting rod, negative electrode, cathode shell and negative electrode top cover assembling back form the cathode inlet chamber; Offer cathode inlet mouth and negative electrode water inlet that is communicated with the water-cooled cannelure respectively and the negative electrode delivery port that connects with the cathode inlet chamber accordingly on the cathode shell simultaneously, said negative electrode conducting rod is connected the back to be fixed with the cathode arc controller with the thread in inner cavity of negative electrode; Said cathode arc controller comprises eddy flow spare body, and this eddy flow spare body offers core jet pipe along axis; Said eddy flow spare body comprises the eddy flow cylindrical section and extends the eddy flow conical section that forms along the end contraction of cylindrical section that simultaneously, the outer surface of said eddy flow cylindrical section is offered helicla flute; Said core jet pipe, helicla flute all are communicated with the cathode inlet chamber through the water conservancy diversion through hole of offering on the negative electrode conducting rod; And core jet pipe is by boring the section jet pipe and forming along the shell of column jet pipe that awl section jet pipe carefully holds extension to form; Said shell of column jet pipe is opened in the eddy flow conical section; Awl section jet pipe then is opened in the eddy flow cylindrical section, and the big end of core jet pipe is adjacent with the negative electrode conducting rod;
Said anode assemblies comprises anode, anode water jacket, anode casing and anode eddy flow ring; The inwall that anode casing nestles up the upper end is provided with groove, the open end that the periphery of anode eddy flow ring and groove bottom land the are oppositely arranged sealing-in that closely cooperates, and the space between this anode eddy flow ring and the groove bottom land forms the anode inlet plenum; The circumferencial direction of anode eddy flow ring is uniformly distributed with the tangential discharge orifice more than 2; Anode is offered the jet pipe that is used for plasma jet vertically, and anode places the below of anode eddy flow ring, and the outer surface of anode is connected with the anode casing liquid sealing simultaneously; Anode water is placed between anode and the anode casing, and this anode water jacket is divided into anode cooling water water-supplying chamber and the anode cooling water intake chamber that is communicated with anode with space between the anode casing; Offer the anode coolant outlet, the anode inlet that is connected with the perforation of anode inlet plenum and the placing chamber that is used to install the striking device that connect the anode cooling water inlet is connected, connect with anode cooling water water-supplying chamber with anode cooling water intake chamber on the anode casing respectively;
Said anode and cathode connector comprises insulating sleeve, and an end of this insulating sleeve is threaded with negative electrode, and the other end then passes through supported flange and is connected with anode.
3. according to degree of depth classification low NOx combustion system in the said low temperature plasma direct current of the claim 2 coal-powder boiler stove, it is characterized in that: said negative electrode outer wall is separated into negative electrode cooling water intake chamber and the negative electrode cooling water water-supplying chamber that is communicated with space between the water-cooled cannelure through the negative electrode water jacket is set; And an end of negative electrode water jacket is threaded with negative electrode water-cooled cannelure, and the negative electrode water inlet is communicated with negative electrode cooling water intake chamber, and the negative electrode delivery port then is communicated with negative electrode cooling water water-supplying chamber.
4. according to degree of depth classification low NOx combustion system in the said low temperature plasma direct current of the claim 3 coal-powder boiler stove, it is characterized in that: said cathode inlet mouth is connected with the inwall tangential of cathode inlet chamber; The negative electrode water inlet is connected the tangential with negative electrode cooling water intake chamber inwall, negative electrode cooling water water-supplying chamber inwall respectively with the negative electrode delivery port accordingly; Anode inlet is connected with anode inlet plenum inwall tangential; Anode cooling water inlet, anode coolant outlet are connected the tangential with anode cooling water intake chamber inwall, anode cooling water water-supplying chamber inwall respectively accordingly.
5. according to degree of depth classification low NOx combustion system in the said low temperature plasma direct current of the claim 2 coal-powder boiler stove, it is characterized in that: said striking device is a hf arc starter, comprises armature, coil, insulating support and tungsten pin; Coil is connected with high-frequency exiting power; One end and the insulating support of armature are hinged, and the other end is then adjacent with coil; Tungsten pin one end is fixedly connected with armature, and the other end then passes insulating support and suspends.
6. according to degree of depth classification low NOx combustion system in the said low temperature plasma direct current of the claim 1 coal-powder boiler stove, it is characterized in that: on the said secondary wind arm flow measurement device is installed.
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