CN103615718B - A kind of two-period form coal dust combustion method - Google Patents
A kind of two-period form coal dust combustion method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103615718B CN103615718B CN201310684574.0A CN201310684574A CN103615718B CN 103615718 B CN103615718 B CN 103615718B CN 201310684574 A CN201310684574 A CN 201310684574A CN 103615718 B CN103615718 B CN 103615718B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of two-period form coal dust combustion method.Current coal dust adopts direct combustion method mostly, and burnout rate only has 50 ~ 70%, and the carbon granule of 30 ~ 50% can not Thorough combustion, serious waste resource and contaminated environment.Coal dust and air are sprayed into vaporizer by the mass ratio of 1:0.5 ~ 1:4 by the present invention, part coal dust gasification are generated the mixture of high temperature rough gas and semicoke in vaporizer; Join combustion air by the combustion air nozzle of burner, mixture and the combustion air of high temperature rough gas and semicoke burn completely in burner.The present invention can improve the efficiency of combustion of coal dust significantly, tradition is utilized the efficiency of combustion of the direct combusting coal fines of air to bring up to more than 98% from 50 ~ 70%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to coal dust firing field, specifically a kind of two-period form coal dust combustion method.
Background technology
The imbalance between supply and demand of current China's oil becomes increasingly conspicuous, and China is since 1993 become net import of oil state, and the interdependency of oil to import improves constantly, according to statistics imported crude oil in 2012 2.7109 hundred million tons, and interdependency reaches 56.4%.
China is as the country of a petroleum resources deficiency, and the current and following top priority should be improve energy utilization rate and strengthen oil substitutes exploitation, reduces dependence on foreign countries for oil.Oil is replaced to be one of China's energy strategy important development direction with coal fuel in the industry.
On a lot of Industrial Stoves, in order to reduce fuel cost, all have employed the coal burner of direct combusting coal fines.In recent years, the domestic a lot of scientific research institutions of combustion technology of direct combusting coal fines and unit are all trying to explore, no matter all have certain improvement to coal dust Direct-Combustion Technology sparking mode or from aspects such as air channel setting, combustion fields, but fundamentally can not solve the defect that coal dust directly burns.
The coal dust Direct-Combustion Technology of present stage has several shortcomings:
1. coal dust firing is insufficient.Usual coal dust Thorough combustion needs the longer time, also mean that the combustion space guarantee coal dust that needs are larger obtains sufficient after-flame, the coal burner of conventional design generally adopts direct combustion method, the burnout rate of coal dust only has 50 ~ 70%, the carbon granule of 30 ~ 50% can not Thorough combustion, serious waste resource and contaminated environment.
2. adopt the bulky of the combustion apparatus of direct combusting coal fines method.Adopt the method for direct combusting coal fines, the air quantity needed for combusting coal fines is large, combustion apparatus must be caused bulky, bring difficulty to in-site installation etc.
3. adopt direct combusting coal fines method to make catch fire shakiness, flame profile of coal burner be difficult to control, and easily produce coking phenomenon in burner, affect the normal combustion of coal dust.
In order to overcome the above shortcoming of direct combusting coal fines, develop and a kind ofly can increase substantially Combustion Efficiency of Coal Powder, reduce combustion apparatus volume, production capacity is large, catch fire stable, handling good, the pollution-free and coal dust combustion method of applicable various coal dust, substitute traditional direct coal dust combustion method, can think that Industrial Stoves save fuel cost, reduce environmental pollution, be current problem in the urgent need to address simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the deficiency of existing pulverized coal combustion, a kind of method that coal dust firing is divided into two-period form to carry out is provided, first paragraph first carries out coal dust the mixture that partial gasification generates high temperature rough gas and semicoke, and second segment supplements the complete combustion high temperature raw gas of combustion air and semicoke again.
For this reason, the present invention solves above-mentioned technical problem by the following technical programs: a kind of two-period form coal dust combustion method, it comprises the steps:
Step 1): coal dust and air are sprayed into vaporizer by the mass ratio of 1:0.5 ~ 1:4, gasification reaction temperature in vaporizer controls between 800 ~ 1700 DEG C, the coal dust gasification of 30 ~ 80% is generated the mixture of high temperature rough gas and semicoke in vaporizer, and discharge from gasification chamber outlet, mass percent in this mixture of gasification chamber outlet place shared by high temperature rough gas is 50 ~ 95%, and the temperature of mixture is between 800 ~ 1300 DEG C;
Step 2): join combustion air by the combustion air nozzle of burner, mixture and the combustion air of high temperature rough gas and semicoke burn completely at burner; The consumption of combustion air deducts according to the air quantity burnt completely needed for whole coal dust the air quantity sprayed in vaporizer and determines.When combustion air can make high temperature rough gas and coal-char combustion, flame is fuller, stable, burns more abundant.
The present invention utilizes this two-period form combustion method, and the volume of coal powder burner can be made significantly to reduce, and the burnout rate of coal dust can reach more than 98%.
Further, step 1) mixture of the high temperature rough gas that obtains and semicoke enters burner from gasification chamber outlet after a high-temperature flue, and the effect of high-temperature flue is the mixture of high temperature rough gas and semicoke to be delivered to burner.
From vaporizer high temperature rough gas out and the mixture of semicoke, burner is entered through high-temperature flue, in burner outlet through combustion air nozzle air distribution, the mixture of high temperature rough gas and semicoke burns rapidly, owing at high temperature possessing quite high activity from vaporizer semicoke out, under the drive that high temperature rough gas burns, the two is coordinated mutually, and high temperature rough gas and semicoke are burnt fully.Through facts have proved, the mixture of high temperature rough gas and semicoke is when burning, flame is full, combustion intensity is large, therebetween there is compatibility of well burning in high temperature rough gas and semicoke, relative to directly using air burning coal dust, the combustion intensity of this mixture is greatly enhanced, promote that semicoke is burnt rapidly, fully, therefore ensure that the final efficiency of combustion of coal dust.
Further, step 2) in, the mixture of high temperature rough gas and semicoke and combustion air burn completely after premixed or external mix in burner again; The mixture of described high temperature rough gas and semicoke adopts spiral-flow type burning or single flow burning.
Further, described high temperature rough gas comprises carbon monoxide 5 ~ 30%, hydrogen 5 ~ 15%, methane 0 ~ 3%, C2-C5 hydrocarbon compound 0 ~ 3%, nitrogen 45 ~ 75%, carbon dioxide 3 ~ 20% and water vapour 2 ~ 12%; Described semicoke refers to that coal dust is by porous carbonaceous solid fuel remaining after partial gasification.
Further, also biological particles is comprised or/and petroleum coke powder in described coal dust.Adopt the combustion method of this two-period form, can biomass burning particle and petroleum coke powder, efficiency of combustion can be made equally to be largely increased, and the volume of combustion apparatus can be reduced significantly.
The beneficial effect that the present invention has is: the burnout rate that improve coal dust significantly, tradition is utilized the burnout rate of the direct combusting coal fines of air to bring up to more than 98% from 50 ~ 70%; The coal burner not only volume little (reducing 40 ~ 70%) that the combustion method that the present invention adopts makes it used, and during burning, flame is full, stable, and combustion intensity is large, handling good.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the present invention's equipment schematic diagram used.
Fig. 2 is process flow diagram of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specification drawings and specific embodiments, to describe technical scheme of the present invention in detail.
Two-period form combustion method of the present invention carries out in the coal burner shown in Fig. 1, and described coal burner is made up of the vaporizer 1 connected successively, high-temperature flue 2 and burner 3, and burner 3 is provided with multiple combustion air nozzle 4.
The vaporizer 1 of coal burner is in cylindrical shape, and arrange process burner 5 and igniter burner 6 along its circumference, process burner 5 arranges a row totally four, and arranges along the circumferential compartment of terrain of vaporizer, and process burner 5 sprays coal dust and gasifying agent in vaporizer.
Combustion air nozzle 4 is the burning air distribution passage of high temperature rough gas and semicoke mixture, arranges a row totally 12 circumferentially uniform nozzles, and spray combustion air in burner.
Process chart of the present invention as shown in Figure 2, during work, first by the igniter burner starting ignition of vaporizer, after reaching applicable temperature, start to pass into coal dust and air, treat that gasification chamber outlet temperature is to more than 1000 DEG C, adjustment coal dust and the ratio of air are between 1:1 ~ 1:4, and coal dust is generated high temperature rough gas and semicoke by partial gasification in vaporizer.
High temperature rough gas and semicoke export from vaporizer 1 and enter burner 3 through high-temperature flue 2, burner 3 exports through combustion air nozzle 4 air distribution, high temperature rough gas and semicoke take fire, flame is full, combustion intensity is large, flame temperature is high, and semicoke particle, under the drive of coal gas of high temperature, is fully burned.Mixture as high temperature rough gas and semicoke is directed onto outside burner, then directly enter in kiln and burn completely.
Following table is that the parameter of coal burner used and direct firing coal dust burner used in the process of the present invention under same production capacity and equipment profile compare:
The above is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not does any pro forma restriction to technical scheme of the present invention.Every above embodiment is done according to technical scheme essence of the present invention any simple modification, equivalent variations and modification, all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1., for a two-period form coal dust combustion method for Industrial Stoves, it comprises the steps:
Step 1): coal dust and air are sprayed into vaporizer (1) by the mass ratio of 1:0.5 ~ 1:4, gasification reaction temperature in vaporizer (1) controls between 800 ~ 1700 DEG C, the coal dust gasification of 30 ~ 80% is generated the mixture of high temperature rough gas and semicoke in vaporizer, and discharge from vaporizer (1) exit, mass percent in this mixture of gasification chamber outlet place shared by high temperature rough gas is 50 ~ 95%, and the temperature of mixture is between 800 ~ 1300 DEG C;
Step 2): join combustion air by the combustion air nozzle (4) of burner (3), the mixture of high temperature rough gas and semicoke and combustion air burn completely in burner (3); The consumption of combustion air deducts according to the air quantity burnt completely needed for whole coal dust the air quantity sprayed in vaporizer (1) and determines;
Described high temperature rough gas comprises carbon monoxide 5 ~ 30%, hydrogen 5 ~ 15%, methane 0 ~ 3%, C2-C5 hydrocarbon compound 0 ~ 3%, nitrogen 45 ~ 75%, carbon dioxide 3 ~ 20% and water vapour 2 ~ 12%.
2. two-period form coal dust combustion method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, step 1) mixture of the high temperature rough gas that obtains and semicoke enters burner (3) from vaporizer (1) outlet after a high-temperature flue (2).
3. two-period form coal dust combustion method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, step 2) in, the mixture of high temperature rough gas and semicoke and combustion air burn completely after premixed or external mix in burner again; The mixture of described high temperature rough gas and semicoke adopts spiral-flow type burning or single flow burning.
4. the two-period form coal dust combustion method according to claim 1,2 or 3, is characterized in that, also comprises biological particles or/and petroleum coke powder in described coal dust.
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| CN104987889B (en) * | 2015-07-07 | 2017-08-15 | 杭州全合科技有限公司 | A kind of two-period form entrained flow gasification method |
| CN106640008A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-05-10 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | Supercritical multisource multielement thermal fluid injection-production system and injection-production method |
| CN106640007A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-05-10 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | Multisource and multielement thermal fluid generating and method |
| CN107860018A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-03-30 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | A kind of cement rotary kiln stove with coal dust pre-vaporized room |
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| JP4520872B2 (en) * | 2005-01-31 | 2010-08-11 | 新日鉄エンジニアリング株式会社 | Integrated gasifier and method of operation thereof |
| CN100470126C (en) * | 2006-02-23 | 2009-03-18 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Low-pollution efficient combustion method for coal-burning boiler and combustion apparatus |
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Effective date of registration: 20190301 Address after: 311815 Dingqiao Village, Ciwu Town, Zhuji City, Shaoxing City, Zhejiang Province Patentee after: Zhejiang Asroad Highway Construction & Maintenance Machinery Co., Ltd. Address before: 310004 Room 106, Building 4, Building 1, No. 5, Third Road, Genshan Branch, Jianggan District, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province Patentee before: Hangzhou Quanhe Technology Co., Ltd. |