The method that pulverized-coal fired boiler nitrogen oxides is reduced using oxygen-enriched micro- oil firing mode
Technical field:
The present invention relates to the method for reducing pulverized-coal fired boiler nitrogen oxides using oxygen-enriched micro- oil firing mode, refers in particular in various combustions
Application in coal power generation boiler.
Technical background:
Coal can generate the pollutants such as sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, dust in combustion, and these pollutants are to ours
Environment produces very big harm, and the wherein harm of nitrogen oxides (NOx) is maximum, the row for how reducing nitrogen oxides in coal combustion
Put, be we must face and solve major issue.
In order to solve the emission problem of nitrogen oxides, various discharge-reducing methods are employed both at home and abroad:
Denitrating flue gas (SCR) technology, its principle are injected in high-temperature flue gas denitrification apparatus as denitrfying agent with ammonia,
NOx in flue gas is decomposed into N in the presence of catalyst2And H2O, so that reduce the discharge of nitrogen oxides in coal combustion.
Air classification low-NO_x combustion technology, its principle are to be passed through boiler air by the 80%~90% of actual total air,
The burning of whole boiler coal-ash is made to carry out under anaerobic condition, so as to suppress the generation of nitrogen oxides, then allow remaining 10%~
20% actual total air is sent into by above main burner, makes coal dust burn completely, so as to reduce nitrogen oxides in coal combustion
Discharge.
Fuel staging low-NO_x combustion technology, its principle are that 80% coal dust is passed through boiler excess air coefficient α first>1
Main burning area burns, then 20% coal dust is passed through boiler excess air coefficient α<Burn above 1 main burning area, reduction is generated
Nitrogen oxides, the air needed for being finally passed through above secondary firing makes coal dust after-flame, reduces nitrogen oxides in coal combustion
Discharge.
Above-mentioned three kinds of discharge-reducing methods theoretically can reduce the discharge of boiler nitrogen oxides.Denitrating flue gas (SCR) technology
Emission reduction effect preferably, can reach reduction of discharging index, but investment construction is costly, and operating cost is expensive, and the serious electricity power enterprise that increases gives birth to
Cost is produced, the current fundamental realities of the country of China is not met;Air classification low-NO_x combustion technology and fuel staging low-NO_x combustion technology are thrown
Money and operating cost are low, but hierarchy depth is not enough, and effect is poor, complex operation, it is impossible to reach national existing discharge standard, meanwhile,
Must wind and coal allocation proportion adjust proper, can otherwise cause coal dust firing to wait boiler safety situation not to the utmost.
In addition, for the various at present low-NO_x combustion technologies that is implementing, due to China's specific national conditions, such as coal
The specific national conditions such as the fluctuation of unstable, ature of coal, big, the operation human factor of peak regulation range are planted, is extremely difficult in actual reduction of discharging operation
The requirement that the low nitrogen of the electricity generation boiler of its own theoretical design requirements is reduced discharging.
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes efficient, economic, practical, the easy low nitrogen for meeting China's actual conditions
The method that new combustion techniques reduce pulverized-coal fired boiler nitrogen oxides using oxygen-enriched micro- oil firing mode.
Content of the invention:
The present invention proposes the method for reducing pulverized-coal fired boiler nitrogen oxides using oxygen-enriched micro- oil firing mode, to reduce nitrogen oxygen
The discharge of compound.
For reaching object above, the solution of the present invention is:
In boiler whole process running, a small amount of oxygen and a small amount of combustion is added in First air pipeline core pulverized coal flow
Oil, the oxygen of addition reduce the ignition temperature of First air pipeline core pulverized coal flow, and the work in the burning of a small amount of fuel oil
With under, sustained combustion after allowing First air pipeline core pulverized coal flow to catch fire.
Further, the spent pulverized coal flow of First air pipeline core, the First air ignited in whole First air pipeline
Powder stream, the primary wind and powder stream after igniting enter burner hearth primary zone and further burn, and finally enter burner hearth burning-out zone after-flame.
Further, the amount of oxygen being passed through in First air pipeline core pulverized coal flow, should make First air pipeline core
Pulverized coal flow ignition temperature is down to 600 DEG C~less than 800 DEG C.
Further, the amount of oxygen for adding with the change First air pipeline core of ature of coal (bituminous coal, meager coal, anthracite)
For:10~100m3/ h, the amount of fuel of addition is:5~20kg/h.
Further, the quality of pc of First air pipeline core pulverized coal flow is maintained with First air mass ratio
In the range of 0.24kg/kg~0.81kg/kg.
Further, the coal dust amount that burner hearth primary zone air quantity is burnt by burner hearth primary zone determining, its excess air coefficient dimension
Hold in the range of 0.4~0.8.
Further, a certain amount of combustion air, unit interval burning-out zone combustion air volume and primary zone are passed through in burner hearth burning-out zone
Air quantity sum reaches the actual air volume needed for unit interval steam coal amount is burnt completely.
The principle and feature of the present invention is that, in boiler whole process running, primary wind and powder makes concentrated phase by enrichment facility
Quality of pc is maintained at 7 with the ratio of light phase quality of pc:3 to 8:Between 2, and the coal of First air pipeline core dense phase pulverized coal
Silty amount is maintained in the range of 0.24kg/kg~0.81kg/kg with First air mass ratio, then to First air pipeline central part
A small amount of oxygen and fuel oil are passed through in point dense phase pulverized coal stream, the oxygen being passed through reduces First air pipeline core dense phase pulverized coal
The ignition temperature of stream, the fuel oil burning being passed through make the dense phase pulverized coal stream of First air pipeline core sustained combustion of fighting, so
Ignite in First air pipeline whole First air pulverized coal flow afterwards, so as to reach depth fuel-staged combustion.
In boiler whole process running, burn in First air pulverized coal flow First air in advance in First air pipeline, make one
First air severe depletion of oxygen in secondary wind pipeline, forms reproducibility coal dust flue gas stream, and reproducibility coal dust flue gas stream enters the main combustion of burner hearth
Area burns, and the excess air coefficient in burner hearth primary zone is maintained in the range of 0.4~0.8, so as to further in burner hearth primary zone
Reducing environment is formed, suppresses the generation with nitrogen oxides reduction, last reproducibility breeze airflow enters burner hearth burning-out zone, in abundance
The lower coal dust of combustion air effect fully burnt, so as to reach depth Researched of Air Staging Combustion Burning Pulverized Coal.
The method for reducing pulverized-coal fired boiler nitrogen oxides using oxygen-enriched micro- oil firing mode combines fuel staging low nitrogen burning
The characteristics of technology and air classification low-NO_x combustion technology, it is achieved that deeply staged combustion, it is to avoid coal dust firing shortcoming not to the utmost,
It is entirely capable of reaching national nitrogen oxides reduction of discharging standard;A small amount of fuel oil and oxygen is provided in fractional combustion, with the side of coal for replacing oil
Formula reduces fuel consumption, greatlys save reduction of discharging cost;A small amount of oxygen adds First air pulverized coal flow, reduces pulverized coal flow and catches fire temperature
Degree, greatly improves coal catches fire rate, with very strong practicality, it is ensured that various atures of coal can adopt oxygen-enriched micro- oil firing mode
Reduce the generation of pulverized-coal fired boiler nitrogen oxides.
Description of the drawings:
Fig. 1 is to reduce the method for pulverized-coal fired boiler nitrogen oxides in tangentially-fired boiler using oxygen-enriched micro- oil firing mode
The schematic diagram of upper application
Sectional schematic diagrams of the Fig. 2 for Fig. 1
Fig. 3 is that the method for reducing pulverized-coal fired boiler nitrogen oxides using oxygen-enriched micro- oil firing mode should on face-fired boiler
Schematic diagram
Sectional schematic diagrams of the Fig. 4 for Fig. 3
Fig. 5 is to reduce the method for pulverized-coal fired boiler nitrogen oxides on " W " type burning boiler using oxygen-enriched micro- oil firing mode
The schematic diagram of application
Specific embodiment:
Embodiment one:
With reference to specification and Fig. 1, Fig. 2 to reducing the side of pulverized-coal fired boiler nitrogen oxides using oxygen-enriched micro- oil firing mode
Application of the method on tangentially-fired boiler is described further.
Primary wind and powder is carried out air-coal separating by enrichment facility by the primary wind and powder in First air pipeline 12, makes primary air piping
The dense phase pulverized coal quality of 12 core of road maintains 7 with the ratio of light phase quality of pc:3 to 8:Between 2, by oxygen pipeline 13
Oxygen and fuel oil are each led into fuel line 14 to the dense phase pulverized coal of 12 core of First air pipeline, according to ature of coal (bituminous coal,
Meager coal, anthracite) the amount of oxygen that is passed through of change be:10~100m3/ h, to reduce the concentrated phase of 12 core of First air pipeline
The ignition temperature of coal dust, the amount of fuel that the change according to ature of coal (bituminous coal, meager coal, anthracite) is passed through is:5~20kg/h, in combustion
Make the dense phase pulverized coal of 12 core of First air pipeline sustained combustion of fighting in the presence of oil firing and oxygen, then ignite whole
Primary wind and powder in individual First air pipeline 12, coal dust burn in the First air of First air pipeline 12, make in First air pipeline 12
First air severe depletion of oxygen, formed reproducibility coal dust flue gas stream, suppress and nitrogen oxides reduction generation.
The reproducibility coal dust flue gas stream sprayed by First air pipeline 12 enters the primary zone A of burner hearth 11, the excess in primary zone
Air coefficient is maintained in the range of 0.4~0.8, so as to form reducing environment, further suppresses the product with nitrogen oxides reduction
Raw, last reproducibility coal dust flue gas stream enters the burning-out zone B of burner hearth 11, by burning-out zone B from combustion-supporting wind snout 15 to burner hearth 11
Combustion air is passed through, it is complete that the combustion air volume being passed through in the unit interval will reach unit interval steam coal amount with primary zone air quantity sum
Actual air volume needed for burning, makes boiler coal-ash burn completely.
In above specific implementation process, it is necessary to assure it is constant that the total coal amount of load design pressed by boiler;Ensure corresponding total air
Amount is constant;Ensure that boiler coal-ash burning total amount of heat is constant;Ensure boiler constant, boiler coal-ash after-flame of pressing the total coal amount of design
Degree is constant.
Embodiment two:
With reference to specification and Fig. 3, Fig. 4 to reducing the side of pulverized-coal fired boiler nitrogen oxides using oxygen-enriched micro- oil firing mode
Application of the method on face-fired boiler is described further.
Primary wind and powder is carried out air-coal separating by enrichment facility by the primary wind and powder in First air pipeline 22, makes primary air piping
The dense phase pulverized coal quality of 22 core of road maintains 7 with the ratio of light phase quality of pc:3 to 8:Between 2, by oxygen pipeline 23
Oxygen and fuel oil are each led into fuel line 24 to the dense phase pulverized coal of 22 core of First air pipeline, according to ature of coal (bituminous coal,
Meager coal, anthracite) the amount of oxygen that is passed through of change be:10~100m3/ h, to reduce the concentrated phase of 22 core of First air pipeline
The ignition temperature of coal dust, the amount of fuel that the change according to ature of coal (bituminous coal, meager coal, anthracite) is passed through is:5~20kg/h, in combustion
Make the dense phase pulverized coal of 22 core of First air pipeline sustained combustion of fighting in the presence of oil firing and oxygen, then ignite whole
Primary wind and powder in individual First air pipeline 22, coal dust burn in the First air of First air pipeline 22, make in First air pipeline 22
First air severe depletion of oxygen, formed reproducibility coal dust flue gas stream, suppress and nitrogen oxides reduction generation.
The reproducibility coal dust flue gas stream sprayed by First air pipeline 22 enters the primary zone A of burner hearth 21, the excess in primary zone
Air coefficient is maintained in the range of 0.4~0.8, so as to form reducing environment, further suppresses the product with nitrogen oxides reduction
Raw, last reproducibility coal dust flue gas stream enters the burning-out zone B of burner hearth 21, by burning-out zone B from combustion-supporting wind snout 25 to burner hearth 21
Combustion air is passed through, it is complete that the combustion air volume being passed through in the unit interval will reach unit interval steam coal amount with primary zone air quantity sum
Actual air volume needed for burning, makes boiler coal-ash burn completely.
In above specific implementation process, it is necessary to assure it is constant that the total coal amount of load design pressed by boiler;Ensure corresponding total air
Amount is constant;Ensure that boiler coal-ash burning total amount of heat is constant;Ensure boiler constant, boiler coal-ash after-flame of pressing the total coal amount of design
Degree is constant.
Embodiment three:
The method for reducing pulverized-coal fired boiler nitrogen oxides using oxygen-enriched micro- oil firing mode is existed with Fig. 5 with reference to specification
Application on " W " type burning boiler is described further.
Primary wind and powder is carried out air-coal separating by enrichment facility by the primary wind and powder in First air pipeline 33, makes primary air piping
The dense phase pulverized coal quality of 33 core of road maintains 7 with the ratio of light phase quality of pc:3 to 8:Between 2, by oxygen pipeline 34
Oxygen and fuel oil is each led into fuel line 35 to the dense phase pulverized coal of 33 core of First air pipeline, according to the change of ature of coal
The amount of oxygen being passed through is:10~100m3/ h, to reduce the ignition temperature of the dense phase pulverized coal of 33 core of First air pipeline, root
The amount of fuel being passed through according to the change of ature of coal is:5~20kg/h, makes in First air pipeline 33 in the presence of fuel oil burning and oxygen
The dense phase pulverized coal of center portion point sustained combustion of fighting, the primary wind and powder then ignited in whole First air pipeline 33, and coal dust is one
Burn in the First air of secondary wind pipeline 33, make the First air severe depletion of oxygen in First air pipeline 33, form the coal dust cigarette of reproducibility
Air-flow, suppresses the generation with nitrogen oxides reduction.
The reproducibility coal dust flue gas stream sprayed by First air pipeline 33 is entered in main burning process A of burner hearth 31, excessive empty
Gas coefficient is maintained in the range of 0.4~0.8, so as to form reducing environment, further suppresses the generation with nitrogen oxides reduction,
Last reproducibility coal dust flue gas stream enters the burnout B of burner hearth 31, by burnout from combustion-supporting wind snout 32 to burner hearth 31
B is passed through combustion air, and it is complete that the combustion air volume being passed through in the unit interval will reach unit interval steam coal amount with primary zone air quantity sum
Actual air volume needed for full burning, makes boiler coal-ash burn completely.
In above specific implementation process, it is necessary to assure it is constant that the total coal amount of load design pressed by boiler;Ensure corresponding total air
Amount is constant;Ensure that boiler coal-ash burning total amount of heat is constant;Ensure boiler constant, boiler coal-ash after-flame of pressing the total coal amount of design
Degree is constant.
Technically, the low nitrogen burning method for reducing pulverized-coal fired boiler nitrogen oxides using oxygen-enriched micro- oil firing mode is one
Kind integrate the depth of reduction in air classification low-NO_x combustion technology, fuel staging low-NO_x combustion technology and flame, efficiently low
The new combustion systems of NOx.The Technology application is simple, safe and reliable, controllable, convenient.Realizing that pulverized-coal fired boiler stably burns, it is ensured that
On the basis of boiler combustion efficiency, discharged nitrous oxides can be reduced by a relatively large margin, not reduce boiler operating efficiency, possessing various
On the premise of coal adaptability, reduce the discharge of nitrogen oxides, it is to avoid air staged combustion technology and fuel-staged combustion skill
Art hierarchy depth is inadequate, the shortcoming of emission reduction effect difference, and is suitable for different atures of coal fluctuations and fluctuation of operating conditions, reduces discharging and can reach cigarette
The effect of qi exhaustion nitre (SCR) technology.
For economic benefit, compared with denitrating flue gas (SCR) technology, investment and operating cost are low, high financial profit, example
Such as, a 300MW boiler, reduces pulverized-coal fired boiler nitrogen oxides using oxygen-enriched micro- oil firing mode, and its capital expenditure is about:800
~1,000 ten thousand/set, operating cost is per hour:350 yuan/h, according to annual 7000 hours steaming hours, its low nitrogen is reduced discharging
Operating cost is amounted to:2450000 yuan;And denitrating flue gas (SCR) technology is adopted, its capital expenditure is about:4500~60,000,000/set,
Operating cost is per hour:3000 yuan/h, according to annual 7000 hours steaming hours, it is total that its low nitrogen reduces discharging operating cost
Meter:21000000 yuan, be 10 times or so of the method that oxygen-enriched micro- oil firing mode reduces pulverized-coal fired boiler nitrogen oxides.
Meanwhile, according to the incentives that country is reduced discharging to power plant, the nitrogen oxide emission of power plant is up to standard, boiler operatiopn
7000 hours, 16,800,000 yuan of income can be obtained, for pulverized-coal fired boiler nitrogen oxides is reduced using oxygen-enriched micro- oil firing mode, can
Very high economic benefit is obtained, using denitrating flue gas (SCR) technology, it is impossible to cost-recovering, let alone is had an economic benefit.
According to above analysis, the low nitrogen burning method for reducing pulverized-coal fired boiler nitrogen oxides using oxygen-enriched micro- oil firing mode
It is the new method of the discharge of efficient, economic, practical, easy solution pulverized-coal fired boiler nitrogen oxides, is worth being widely applied and pushes away
Extensively.
Above enforcement, only the general description to the present invention, is not defined to the scope of the present invention, is not taking off
On the premise of design spirit of the present invention, anyone various modifications made by technical scheme and improvement all should fall
Enter in the protection domain of claims of the present invention determination.