CN1023407C - 赤豆皮提取食用色素的方法 - Google Patents
赤豆皮提取食用色素的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1023407C CN1023407C CN88100335A CN88100335A CN1023407C CN 1023407 C CN1023407 C CN 1023407C CN 88100335 A CN88100335 A CN 88100335A CN 88100335 A CN88100335 A CN 88100335A CN 1023407 C CN1023407 C CN 1023407C
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Abstract
一种赤豆皮提取食用色素的方法,采用赤豆或赤豆皮为原料,经水煮→过滤→提取→过滤→中和→真空浓缩→喷雾干燥而制得天然红色素,适用于工业化大量生产。该色素可广泛的应用于饮料、糖、糕点、冷饮、肉制品和医药中。
Description
本发明涉及天然色素的提取方法。
食用色素分合成色素和天然色素两大类。合成色素价格较低,色调较强,天然色素价格较贵,但是合成色素多数毒性较大,能导致先天缺陷,导致心脏病或有致癌性等危险,因此逐年被淘汰。例如FDA(食品、药物)批准使用的F、Dandc1号和4号红,1号、2号、4号黄在1960年被除名,禁止再使用。目前食用工业上广泛应用的F、Dandc2号红(苋菜红)某些研究者认为它能导致先天缺陷,胎儿自然流产及可能致癌,禁用在争论中。所以,用天然色素逐渐取代合成色素是必然趋势。由赤豆皮原料提取天然红色素至今还未有报导。
本发明的目的在于提供一种赤豆皮提取食用色素的方法,从赤豆皮中提取天然红色素以避免合成色素中含毒性的缺点,广泛应用于饮料、糖、糕点、冷饮、肉制品和医药中。
本发明的技术解决方案是:从赤豆皮提取食用色素的方法,这种食用色素用赤豆,特别是以赤豆皮为原料,经水煮→过滤→提取→过滤→中和→真空浓缩→喷雾干燥而制得。
本发明的方法首先用赤豆或赤豆皮,以水料重量比5~15∶1投料之后在水温40~120℃的条件下煮5~160分钟,使溶解于水的杂质与赤豆或赤豆皮分开除去。经水煮之后用常规的分离技术如过滤或离心分离等方法进行固液分离。
经水煮分离后的固体物中加入萃取剂提取赤豆或赤豆皮的红色素。该萃取剂的溶质可以是一种或多种碱金属或碱土金属的氯化物、氢氧化物、碳酸盐、酸式碳酸盐,溶剂是水。
本发明的方法经水煮分离后的固体物中加入0.5~15%干物重的萃取剂溶质,加入4~20倍干物重的水之后在20~120℃温度条件下萃取5~600分钟。然后用常规的分离技术分出滤液。剩下的固体物再用上述条件提取一次,合并两次滤液,用酸中和至中性。
使用液体产品时采用真空浓缩器浓缩到其浓度为1~2%即可作为产品,用于食品加色。
固体产品采用真空浓缩,再用喷雾干燥器干燥成粉状产品,可用于食品加色
本发明的方法具有工艺简单、流程短、成本低和无毒性等优点。
实施例1:
称取30公斤赤豆皮,加300升水在60-90℃下煮60分钟,过滤,压干。滤渣加3公斤碳酸钠和200升水在70℃煮5小时,过滤,压干。滤渣加200升水在同样条件下再提取一次。合并两次滤液,用稀盐酸中和到中性,真空浓缩,喷雾干燥得褐色粉末色素3.5公斤。
实施例2:
称40公斤赤豆皮,加350升水在70-90℃下煮60分钟,过滤,压干。滤渣加1.5公斤氢氧化钾和250升水在80℃煮4小时,过滤,压干。滤渣加250升水在同样条件再提取一次。下步骤同实施例1,得褐色粉末色素4.5公斤。
实施例3:
水煮同例2。滤渣加4公斤碳酸氢钠和150升水,在90℃下煮4小时,过滤,压干。再加150升水,同样条件再提取一次。合并两次滤液,用稀盐酸中和到中性,真空浓缩得2%赤色红色素溶液50升。
实施例4:
水煮同例1。滤渣加0.5公斤氯化钙、2公斤氢氧化钠和150升水,在90℃下煮4小时,过滤,压干,再加150升水,同样条件再提取一次,下步同例1。得4.8公斤褐色粉末色素。
Claims (2)
1、一种赤豆皮提取食用色素的方法,其特征在于经过以下步骤进行:
a、用赤豆或赤豆皮,以水料重量比为5~15∶1加水,在40~120℃温度下煮5~160分钟,然后将固液进行分离,
b、往分离后的固体物中加入0.5~15%干物重的碱性萃聚剂溶质,加入4~20倍干物重的水,在20~120℃温度条件下萃取5~600分钟,然后将固液进行分离,
c、剩下的固体物再用上述条件萃取一次,合并两次滤液用酸中和至中性,
d、将中和后的萃取液采用真空浓缩器浓缩到其浓度为1~2%,得红色溶液,
e、将浓度为1~2%的红色溶液进一步真空浓缩后再喷雾干燥得褐色粉末色素。
2、如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于萃取剂可以是一种或多种碱金属或碱土金属的氯化物,氢氧化物碳酸盐,酸式碳酸盐。
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CN88100335A CN1023407C (zh) | 1988-01-18 | 1988-01-18 | 赤豆皮提取食用色素的方法 |
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CN88100335A CN1023407C (zh) | 1988-01-18 | 1988-01-18 | 赤豆皮提取食用色素的方法 |
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CN1034216A CN1034216A (zh) | 1989-07-26 |
CN1023407C true CN1023407C (zh) | 1994-01-05 |
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Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN1074021C (zh) * | 1997-05-07 | 2001-10-31 | 姜长征 | 红绿纤维素生产方法及设备 |
CN103013162A (zh) * | 2012-12-13 | 2013-04-03 | 山东泰德新能源有限公司 | 赤豆皮渣中玫瑰红色素的提取与纯化方法 |
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