CN102340096A - Full-optically driven full-coherence table type X ray free electron laser - Google Patents
Full-optically driven full-coherence table type X ray free electron laser Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a full-optically driven full-coherence table type X ray free electron laser which obtains temporal and spatial full-coherence X ray free electron lasers by using a full-optical driving method. For both HH (higher harmonic) injection source and high-energy electron injection source, the same laser system is adopted for driving, thus the output of full-coherence table type X type free electron lasers can be produced. The full-coherence 'water window' band (even the keV-magnitude attosecond light source) is very important in the fields of physics, chemistry, life science, material science and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the complete relevant desk-top X ray free electron laser of X ray free electron laser, particularly a kind of full optical drive.
High-performance high-power electron beam based on the acquisition of laser coda wave field acceleration mechanism; Utilize Intense Laser Field atom high order harmonic component to obtain 10 nm band height coherence seed pulses; Be injected in the free electron XUV laser, how research obtains stable relevant fully X ray free-electron laser output.The ultrafast X ray coherent radiation of high brightness water window wave section even keV magnitude then all has extremely important meaning to physics, chemistry, life science, material science etc.
Background technology
Superpower femtosecond laser and atomic interaction can produce the coherent source of femtosecond and even Ah second's level extreme ultraviolet (abbreviating XUV as) wave band, make the mankind can unprecedented extremely ultrafast time scale survey and control the new phenomenon and new rule of microcosmos.The superelevation temporal resolution and (10 of Ah's second-time
-8Cm) the superelevation spatial resolution of magnitude combines human intelligible and the dream of holding extreme ultrafast phenomena in atom-subatomic yardstick microcosmos will be achieved.
Main technological route-X ray free electron laser (being designated hereinafter simply as X-FEL) as realizing high brightness femtosecond XUV wave band coherent source is the focus that the countries in the world scientist pays close attention to always and studies.2009, the U.S. succeeded in developing the high brightness X-FEL device that reaches the dust magnitude based on the wavelength of conventional radio frequency electron accelerator---LCLS and SACLA device (Fuchs, M., et al., Nature Physics respectively with Japan in 2011
5, 826,2009; Tadashi Togashi et al.,, Opt. Express
19, 317,2011), a plurality of countries of European Union are just at the shorter European free-electron laser device of joint research and development wavelength.X-FEL adopts from amplified spont-aneous emission mechanism (SASE), be relevant fully on the output laser signal space, but the time structure of output pulse is unstable, and temporal coherence is poor.In order to address this problem; 2008; G. Lambert etc. is that 5 subharmonic (160nm) of the superpower femtosecond laser of 800nm are injected in the SPring-8 Compact SASE Source test accelerator as seed pulse with wavelength; Obtain to surpass the amplification of three one magnitude and relevant fully output, and eliminated time jitter (G. Lambert et al., the Nature Physics of output pulse
4, 296,2008).Recently, E. Takahashi etc. further is injected into 13 subharmonic (61.2nm) among the FEL as seed pulse, has obtained 650 times amplification effect, and the random peaks that the SASE process produces is also suppressed greatly.But, still have the problem of insoluble injection signal and electron beam time synchronized.High order harmonic component (abbreviating HH as) is injected into the FEL of traditional accelerator, and the time jitter of the rf signal of laser and accelerator ~ 1 ps is difficult to support the stable output of inferior ps.So, only obtain effective injection of 1% in people's such as T. Togashi the experiment.How to solve time jitter, improve effective injection that high order harmonic component is injected the source, become the most urgent technical barrier that hinders XFEL technical development and application based on the X-FEL of radio frequency acceleration device.The another one developing direction is to realize that more short wavelength's's (water window and even keV wave band) high order harmonic component is injected, and presses for high-intensity short wavelength's high order harmonic component injection source that produces.Because the high order harmonic component wavelength, needs development infrared driving laser system in high performance to the dependence of driving laser wavelength.If the coherence of seed pulse can keep in the amplification process of FEL; Especially the width that injects seed pulse can be much smaller than the length of electron beam group; The width of final output laser pulse is no longer determined by the length of electron beam group, but is determined by seed pulse.We have obtained the original achievement in research of series during the forward position of infrared new wave band high field interaction new physics new effect is explored in tunable in recent years; Utilize 1.5～1.8 μ m Laser Driven to obtain relevant fully soft x ray light source (the Zhinan Zeng et al. that wavelength is as short as water window wave section recently; Phys. Rev. Lett. 98; 203901,2007; Hui Xiong et al., Opt. Lett. 34,1747,2009; Yinghui Zheng et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 103,043904,2009).Yet, because the stationary problem of the electron beam that aforesaid HH and radio-frequency accelerator provide can't be brought into play the advantage that short pulse HH brings.
Producing aspect the required high-performance high-power electron beam of X-FEL, laser coda wave field accelerated electron is a kind of brand-new electronics speeding scheme, has the unrivaled superiority of conventional radio frequency accelerator in many aspects.Because laser coda wave field accelerating gradient has improved 3 more than the magnitude with respect to traditional electron accelerator; Utilize laser coda wave field accelerated electron can on much little scale, obtain high-power electron beam (the C. E. Clayton et al. of 1 GeV even 500 GeV; Phys. Rev. Lett. 105; 105003; 2010), thereby greatly reduce the scale and the cost of accelerator, the development and the application in fields such as Synchrotron Radiation, free-electron laser and high energy particle physics had great scientific meaning.Thereby be considered to realize the XUV wave band and the X ray free-electron laser (Nature Physics 4,92,2008 for Nalkajima, K.) of desk-topization replacing traditional electron linear accelerator in the future.The two coda wave field cascade electron accelerator schemes of the full optical drive that we utilize ionization to inject first; Inject helium-oxygen gas mixture and pure helium respectively through branch two-stage in a gas cell; First section is adopted laser action to produce the electronics injection in the method for helium-oxygen gas mixture; Second section is adopted laser to come accelerated electron at pure helium generation plasma tail wave field; Realized that successfully electronics injects separating and control of two basic physical processes quickening with electronics, experiment has obtained the breakthrough achievements in research such as superelevation accelerating gradient of accurate monoenergetic electron beam and 187 GV/m of the nearly GeV of energy.It possibly be the effective scheme (J. S. Liu et al., Physical Review Letters 107,035001,2011) of following 10GeV of generation even 100GeV level monoenergetic electron beam that cascade electronics acceleration new mechanism is considered to.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of complete relevant desk-top X ray free electron laser of full optical drive, be used for X-radiation light source relevant fully on generation time and the space.
Technical conceive of the present invention is: the injection source of high energy electron and high order harmonic component adopts same laser system as drive source.Use by titanium sapphire laser system through optical parametric amplification system obtain in infrared superpower femtosecond laser obtain the injection source of the high order harmonic component coherent radiation of water window and even keV wave band as drive source; Be injected in the full light free electron laser of forming by the high-power electron beam of hundred terawatt (TW) level high repetition frequency titanium sapphire laser systems employing cascade speeding scheme generation; Realize relevant, stable fully chirped pulse output, constitute a kind of complete relevant desk-top X ray free electron laser of full optical drive.
Concrete technical solution of the present invention is following:
A kind of complete relevant desk-top X ray free electron laser of full optical drive; Its characteristics are that its formation comprises the titanium sapphire laser system of one hundred terawatt (TW) level high repetition frequency; The laser of this titanium sapphire laser system output is divided into folded light beam and transmitted light beam through beam splitting chip; This transmitted light beam gets into optical parametric amplification system and produces mid-infrared laser; This mid-infrared laser focuses on after first window gets into first gas cell through first paraboloidal mirror and produces high order harmonic component coherent radiation light; This high order harmonic component coherent radiation light passes first magnetic lens and is injected in the undulator through the focusing of second paraboloidal mirror, mirror reflects, and the gas of described first gas cell injects through first air inlet; Described folded light beam gets into second gas cell that quickens based on two sections gas cascades successively and produces high-power electron beam (J. S. Liu et al. behind second window, the 3rd paraboloidal mirror focus reflection; Physical Review Letters 107; 035001; 2011), this high-power electron beam also gets in the described undulator after the first magnetic lens deflection, and the gas of described second gas cell injects through second air inlet and the 3rd air inlet; After described undulator gains to high order harmonic component coherent radiation signal; High-power electron beam and coherent radiation light by described undulator output get into second magnetic lens; Through second magnetic lens described high energy electron beam steering is got into electronic measurement system; Described coherent radiation light is that the X ray free-electron laser is through the output of the 3rd window; Except that described titanium sapphire laser system, beam splitting chip, optical parametric amplification system and first paraboloidal mirror, described first window, second window and the 3rd window lay respectively on the ante-chamber wall and back cavity wall of vacuum chamber, and other components all are arranged in a vacuum chamber.
Described optical parametric amplification system, the optical maser wavelength that the titanium sapphire laser system of 800nm wavelength is exported becomes 1300～5000nm middle-infrared band.
Described high order harmonic component coherent radiation light is high order harmonic component XUV wave band, and photon energy 30eV～2keV, pulse duration are the coherent radiation of 100as～1fs, and the nominal single pulse energy is 100 nJ/1fs.
Peak-peak power 200 TW of described titanium sapphire laser system output, pulse duration 30～40fs, centre wavelength 800 nm, repetition rate 10 Hz.
The gas of described input first gas cell is argon gas or neon, and the gas of importing second gas cell is helium-oxygen gas mixture (being got into by air inlet 111) and pure helium (being got into by air inlet 112).
Technique effect of the present invention is following:
The present invention possesses following advantage:
1, full optical drive can stabilizing effective be injected seed pulse, realizes the complete relevant output of X-FEL.Adopt the full optics free electron laser of laser accelerator; The length of electron beam has only the 10fs magnitude; Because the inevitable wavelength less than the coda wave field of the length of electron beam under should mechanism, in order to obtain monoenergetic electrons, the wavelength of coda wave field must be complementary with laser pulse width again; Because the driving laser pulse duration is generally several 10fs, so can obtain ultrashort electron beam with the same time scale of titanium sapphire laser system output laser.And high order harmonic component is injected the source and has been adopted equally by titanium sapphire laser system and obtain infrared superpower femtosecond laser as driving through optical parametric amplification system.Owing to produce from same laser, the time that the high order harmonic component seed source injects is consistent with the time that high-power electron beam injects, and has avoided the nonsynchronous problem of their injection lengths.The design of full optical drive makes us only need guarantee the synchronism (even can be as accurate as the femtosecond magnitude) of laser beam, just can realize effective injection, thereby can be relevant fully on the assurance time.
2, adopt laser coda wave field accelerator to replace traditional accelerator, can realize desk-topization of X ray free electron laser.Laser coda wave field speeding scheme; Its accelerating gradient superiority; Further reduce the cost that high-power electron beam is provided undoubtedly, reduced and set up the required space of free electron laser, thereby shortened the desk-topization process of X ray free electron laser; Can be generalized to more customer group, new opportunity is provided for basic research obtains original the breakthrough.
3, can obtain the coherent radiation light source of XUV wave band and even X ray wave band more easily.Infrared superpower femtosecond laser is as drive source in the employing; The high order harmonic component coherent radiation that can more effectively obtain water window and even keV wave band is injected; Thereby can help the maintenance of coherence in the amplification process of FEL of seed pulse; Especially the width that injects seed pulse can be much smaller than the length of electron beam group, and the width of therefore final output laser pulse is no longer determined by the length of electron beam group, but determined by seed pulse; And the pulse duration of high field high order harmonic component can reach femtosecond and inferior femtosecond, can realize that pulse duration reaches femtosecond even inferior femtosecond, XUV and even X ray wave band coherent radiation light source.
4, can realize higher energy gain.Because the electron beam peak current is big; The monoenergetic electron beam of nC (Na Ku) magnitude electric weight is quickened to be expected to obtain in laser coda wave field; And electron beam length has only the 10fs magnitude; So be expected to obtain the current strength of 100 kiloampere magnitudes, this is that traditional accelerator is difficult to reach, and makes the X-radiation that produces have higher brightness.
5, be used to produce second gas cell employing cascade speeding scheme (the J. S. Liu et al. of high energy electron; Physical Review Letters 107; 035001; 2011), first section is adopted laser action to produce the electronics injection in the method for helium-oxygen gas mixture in this gas cell, and second section is adopted laser to come accelerated electron at pure helium generation plasma tail wave field; Advantage is and can obtains stable 1-5GeV level high-power electron beam through electronics being injected and the separating, control and optimize of two basic physical processes that electronics quickens.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the complete relevant desk-top X ray free electron laser structural representation of the full optical drive of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing the present invention is further specified, but should not limit protection scope of the present invention with this.
See also Fig. 1 earlier, Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the complete relevant desk-top X ray free electron laser of the full optical drive of the present invention.Visible by figure; The complete relevant desk-topization X ray free electron laser of the full optical drive of the present invention comprises hundred terawatt (TW) level high repetition frequency titanium sapphire laser systems 1, beam splitting chip 2, optical parametric amplification system 3, first window 5, second window 9, the 3rd window 16, first gas cell 6, second gas cell 11, first air inlet 61, second air inlet 111, the 3rd air inlet 112, first paraboloidal mirror 4, second paraboloidal mirror 7, the 3rd paraboloidal mirror 10, speculum 8, first magnetic lens 12, second magnetic lens 14, undulator 13, electronic measurement system 15 and vacuum chamber 17.The position of above-mentioned component concerns as follows: the titanium sapphire laser system 1 that comprises one hundred terawatt (TW) level high repetition frequency; The laser of this titanium sapphire laser system 1 output is divided into folded light beam and transmitted light beam through beam splitting chip 2; This transmitted light beam gets into optical parametric amplification system 3 and produces mid-infrared laser; This mid-infrared laser focuses on after first window 5 gets into first gas cell 6 through first paraboloidal mirror 4 and produces high order harmonic component coherent radiation light; This high order harmonic component coherent radiation light passes first magnetic lens 12 and is injected in the undulator 13 through 7 focusing of second paraboloidal mirror, speculum 8 reflection, and the gas of described first gas cell 6 injects through first air inlet 61; Described folded light beam gets into second gas cell 11 that quickens based on two sections gas cascades successively and produces high-power electron beams behind second window 9, the 3rd paraboloidal mirror 10 focus reflections; This high-power electron beam also gets in the described undulator 13 after first magnetic lens, 12 deflections, and the gas of described second gas cell 11 injects through second air inlet 111 and the 3rd air inlet 112; After 13 pairs of high order harmonic component coherent radiations of described undulator signal gains; High-power electron beam and coherent radiation light by described undulator 13 outputs get into second magnetic lens 14; Get into electronic measurement system 15 through 14 pairs of described high energy electron beam steerings of second magnetic lens; Described coherent radiation light is that the X ray free-electron laser is through 16 outputs of the 3rd window; Except that described titanium sapphire laser system 1, beam splitting chip 2, optical parametric amplification system 3 and first paraboloidal mirror 4, described first window 5, second window 9 and the 3rd window 16 lay respectively on the ante-chamber wall and back cavity wall of vacuum chamber 17, and other components all are arranged in a vacuum chamber 17.
In the present embodiment:
Described hundred terawatt (TW) level high repetition frequency titanium sapphire laser systems 1 can be bought peak-peak power 200 TW, pulse duration 30～40fs, centre wavelength 800 nm, repetition rate 10Hz.
Described optical parametric amplification system 3 is (referring to Yinghui Zheng et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 103,043904,2009; Hui Xiong et al.; Opt. Lett. 34; 1747; 2009), can the optical maser wavelength of the titanium sapphire laser system of 800nm wavelength output be become middle-infrared band (1300～5000nm), can realize the carrier envelope position mutually stable, the highest single pulse energy can reach two kinds of Mode for Laser pulses of 20mJ (pulse duration 50fs) and 2mJ (pulsewidth < 2 photoperiods) respectively and export.
The mid-infrared laser of described optical parametric amplification system 3 outputs focuses on after first window 5 gets into first gas cell 6 through first paraboloidal mirror 4 and produces high order harmonic component coherent radiation light, and this high order harmonic component coherent radiation light is that (photon energy 30eV～2keV), (100as～1fs) coherent radiation output, nominal single pulse energy can reach 100nJ/1fs to the extremely short pulse width to the atom high order harmonic component XUV wave band that drives of superpower femtosecond laser.
The stable XUV coherent radiation light source parameters of said output is wavelength < 10nm, pulsewidth 1-5fs, pulse energy 1-10mJ.(, can calculate to obtain such result) according to our scheme of prior art combination
The course of work of present embodiment:
The laser of hundred terawatt (TW) level high repetition frequency titanium sapphire laser systems, 1 output is divided into transmitted light and reverberation through beam splitting chip 2; This transmitted light gets into optical parametric amplification system 3 and produces mid-infrared laser; Focus on after window 5 gets into first gas cell, 6 generation high order harmonic component coherent radiation light through first paraboloidal mirror 4; This high order harmonic component coherent radiation light is through 7 focusing of second paraboloidal mirror, speculum 8 reflections; Pass first magnetic lens 12 and be injected in the undulator 13, wherein the gas of first gas cell 6 (argon gas or neon) injects through first air inlet 61; Described reverberation is got into through the 3rd paraboloidal mirror 10 by second window 9 and focuses on entering second gas cell 11 generation high-power electron beams; This high-power electron beam also gets in the described undulator 13 after first magnetic lens, 12 deflections, and wherein the gas of second gas cell 11 (helium-oxygen gas mixture) injects through second air inlet 111, the 3rd air inlet 112; After 13 pairs of described high order harmonic component coherent radiation signals of described undulator gain; High-power electron beam and coherent radiation light by described undulator 13 outputs get into second magnetic lens 14; Get into electronic measurement system 15 through 14 pairs of described high energy electron beam steerings of second magnetic lens, described coherent radiation light is that the X ray free-electron laser is through 16 outputs of the 3rd window.
The complete relevant desk-top X ray free electron laser of the full optical drive of the present invention, can generation time with the space on be concerned with fully, pulse duration reaches the X-radiation light source of femtosecond even inferior femtosecond.
Claims (5)
1. the complete relevant desk-top X ray free electron laser of a full optical drive; It is characterized in that its formation comprises the titanium sapphire laser system (1) of one hundred terawatt (TW) level high repetition frequency; The laser of this titanium sapphire laser system (1) output is divided into folded light beam and transmitted light beam through beam splitting chip (2); This transmitted light beam gets into optical parametric amplification system (3) and produces mid-infrared laser; This mid-infrared laser focuses on after first window (5) gets into first gas cell (6) through first paraboloidal mirror (4) and produces high order harmonic component coherent radiation light; This high order harmonic component coherent radiation light passes first magnetic lens (12) and is injected in the undulator (13) through second paraboloidal mirror (7) focusing, speculum (8) reflection, and the gas of described first gas cell (6) injects through first air inlet (61); Described folded light beam gets into second gas cell (11) that quickens based on two sections gas cascades successively and produces high-power electron beam behind second window (9), the 3rd paraboloidal mirror (10) focus reflection; This high-power electron beam also gets in the described undulator (13) after first magnetic lens (12) deflection, and the gas of described second gas cell (11) injects through second air inlet (111) and the 3rd air inlet (112); After described undulator (13) gains to high order harmonic component coherent radiation signal; High-power electron beam and coherent radiation light by described undulator (13) output get into second magnetic lens (14); Through second magnetic lens (14) described high energy electron beam steering is got into electronic measurement system (15); Described coherent radiation light is that the X ray free-electron laser is through the 3rd window (16) output; Except that described titanium sapphire laser system (1), beam splitting chip (2), optical parametric amplification system (3) and first paraboloidal mirror (4); Described first window (5), second window (9) and the 3rd window (16) lay respectively on the ante-chamber wall and back cavity wall of vacuum chamber (17), and other components all are arranged in a vacuum chamber (17).
2. the complete relevant desk-top X ray free electron laser of full optical drive according to claim 1; It is characterized in that described optical parametric amplification system (3), the optical maser wavelength that the titanium sapphire laser system of 800nm wavelength is exported becomes 1300～5000nm middle-infrared band.
3. the complete relevant desk-top X ray free electron laser of full optical drive according to claim 1; It is characterized in that described high order harmonic component coherent radiation light is high order harmonic component XUV wave band; Photon energy 30eV～2keV, pulse duration are the coherent radiation of 100as～1fs, and the nominal single pulse energy is 100 nJ/1fs.
4. the complete relevant desk-top X ray free electron laser of full optical drive according to claim 1; The peak-peak power 200TW that it is characterized in that described titanium sapphire laser system output; Pulse duration 30～40fs, centre wavelength 800 nm, repetition rate 10 Hz.
5. according to the complete relevant desk-top X ray free electron laser of each described full optical drive of claim 1 to 4; The gas that it is characterized in that described input first gas cell (6) is argon gas or neon, and the gas of importing second gas cell (11) is to be got into helium-oxygen gas mixture and got into pure helium by air inlet (112) by air inlet (111).
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Cited By (8)
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| CN103378542A (en) * | 2012-04-27 | 2013-10-30 | 陈世浩 | High-power continuous radiation gamma laser device |
| CN103619118A (en) * | 2013-12-13 | 2014-03-05 | 上海交通大学 | Laser plasma accelerator and method of generating high-quality electron beams |
| CN103841744A (en) * | 2014-03-18 | 2014-06-04 | 上海交通大学 | Laser wake field accelerator and method for generating high-light attosecond light pulses |
| CN103904551A (en) * | 2012-12-26 | 2014-07-02 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Free electron laser resonant cavity |
| CN108112155A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-06-01 | 上海交通大学 | The coupling device and cascade system of laser wake field acceleration grade |
| CN112630203A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-04-09 | 雷振东 | Higher harmonic confocal detection system |
| CN113884525A (en) * | 2021-09-09 | 2022-01-04 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | High-sensitivity X-ray detection method and device based on laser ionized gas |
| CN113917676A (en) * | 2020-07-07 | 2022-01-11 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Femtosecond time resolution ultraviolet light transmission system |
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| CN103378542A (en) * | 2012-04-27 | 2013-10-30 | 陈世浩 | High-power continuous radiation gamma laser device |
| CN103378542B (en) * | 2012-04-27 | 2018-06-05 | 陈世浩 | High power CW radiates gamma laser |
| CN103904551A (en) * | 2012-12-26 | 2014-07-02 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Free electron laser resonant cavity |
| CN103619118A (en) * | 2013-12-13 | 2014-03-05 | 上海交通大学 | Laser plasma accelerator and method of generating high-quality electron beams |
| CN103841744A (en) * | 2014-03-18 | 2014-06-04 | 上海交通大学 | Laser wake field accelerator and method for generating high-light attosecond light pulses |
| CN103841744B (en) * | 2014-03-18 | 2016-08-17 | 上海交通大学 | Laser wake field acceleration and the method producing high brightness attosecond optical pulse |
| CN108112155A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-06-01 | 上海交通大学 | The coupling device and cascade system of laser wake field acceleration grade |
| CN113917676A (en) * | 2020-07-07 | 2022-01-11 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Femtosecond time resolution ultraviolet light transmission system |
| CN113917676B (en) * | 2020-07-07 | 2022-08-19 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Femtosecond time resolution ultraviolet light transmission system |
| CN112630203A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-04-09 | 雷振东 | Higher harmonic confocal detection system |
| CN113884525A (en) * | 2021-09-09 | 2022-01-04 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | High-sensitivity X-ray detection method and device based on laser ionized gas |
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