CN102338843A - Apparatus and method for detecting partial discharge of power transformer by utilizing fluorescence fiber - Google Patents
Apparatus and method for detecting partial discharge of power transformer by utilizing fluorescence fiber Download PDFInfo
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- CN102338843A CN102338843A CN2010102357049A CN201010235704A CN102338843A CN 102338843 A CN102338843 A CN 102338843A CN 2010102357049 A CN2010102357049 A CN 2010102357049A CN 201010235704 A CN201010235704 A CN 201010235704A CN 102338843 A CN102338843 A CN 102338843A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an apparatus and a method for detecting a partial discharge of a power transformer by utilizing a fluorescence fiber, more particular to a simulation experiment apparatus and a method thereof for a partial discharge of a needle-board electrode in a power transformer. The apparatus provided in the invention mainly comprises: an induction regulator; a dizziness-free test transformer; a partial discharge protective resistance; a standard capacitance voltage divider; a partial discharge generator, which is formed by a needle-board electrode, a fluorescence fiber and a housing; a photomultiplier; a direct current regulated power supply; and an oscilloscope and the like. According to the method provided in the invention, the apparatus is utilized; and a needle-board electrode partial discharge experiment in the air of a power transformer is simulated. According to the invention, partial discharge experiments of a transformer with different exerted voltages and in different spacings are simulated; besides, the apparatus has advantages of strong anti-interference capability, good insulating property and high detection sensitivity and the like. Moreover, the apparatus and the method can be widely applied to luminous characteristic researches of a power transformer on floating potential partial discharge, insulator surface discharge and partial discharge in a transformer oil and an SF6 of a GIS in the air medium.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to power equipment shelf depreciation (PD) on-line monitoring technique field, specifically relate to the analogue experiment installation and the method for power transformer internal needle one plate electrode shelf depreciation.
Background technology
Power transformer is one of requisite electrical equipment in the electric system, and its reliability plays crucial effects for the operation of electric system, and shelf depreciation is the one of the main reasons that causes electric power transformer insulated deterioration.Therefore, power transformer is implemented the state of insulation on-line monitoring, have crucial meaning.
At present, the existing method that is used to detect Partial Discharge in Power Transformer mainly contains: pulse current method, vapor-phase chromatography and ultrahigh frequency method.
Pulse current method: it is through detecting impedance or current sensor, detect the pulse current that is caused by shelf depreciation in bushing shell for transformer end screen ground wire, earthing of casing line, neutral ground line, the iron core grounding line, obtaining the apparent discharge capacity.Pulse current method be study the earliest, most widely used a kind of detection method.Be widely used in the test of transformer pattern, handing-over and preventive trial, delivery test etc. at present.The major defect of this method has: (a) because the on-the-spot electromagnetic interference (EMI) of operation is serious, cause pulse current method can't effectively be applied to the operational outfit on-line monitoring; (b) has the equipment of winding construction for this type of transformer, because the complicacy that shelf depreciation is propagated causes pulse current method quantitatively the time, to produce very big error in winding; (c) when the electric capacity of test product is big, receive the influence of coupling capacitance, the detection sensitivity of testing tool is not high; (d) quantity of information that the detection frequency is low, frequency band is narrow, comprise is few.
Vapor-phase chromatography: when the inner generation of oil insulated transformer shelf depreciation; Various insulating material take place to decompose and destroy; In insulating oil, can produce new minimum gas derivant; This method is through detecting the composition and the concentration of oil dissolved gas, judging the fault type and the damaged condition of the inner shelf depreciation of oil insulated transformer.The major defect of this method is that gas-oil separation is a long-term observation process, and is sensitive to early stage latency fault, but can not reflect catastrophic discontinuityfailure.
Ultrahigh frequency method: since the eighties of last century the nineties begins one's study.People such as the Judd research of Holland breadboard Rutgers of KAMA and Britain Strachclyde university shows; The rising edge of shelf depreciation is very steep in the transformer oil; Pulse width is a nanosecond; Can inspire the uhf electromagnetic wave signal of 300MHz, and the corona that this frequency band has been avoided below the 300MHz effectively disturbs, and has the ability of on-the-spot anti-low-frequency disturbance to number GHz.This method is to utilize ultrahigh frequency electromagnetic signal sensor device interior shelf depreciation, is the focus of studying both at home and abroad at present, and making certain gains also is in laboratory and rig-site utilization conceptual phase.The major defect of this method is the effective way that does not also have quantitatively calibrating, receives device external ultrahigh frequency electromagnetic signal to be detected easily and disturbs, the accuracy that influence detects.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to weak point to existing Partial Discharge in Power Transformer detection method; A kind of device and method that detects Partial Discharge in Power Transformer with fluorescence optical fiber is proposed; Have that anti-electromagnetic interference capability is strong, good insulation preformance, detection sensitivity advantages of higher, thereby improved the accuracy and the precision of electric power transformer insulated state on_line monitoring.
Principle of the present invention: in the actual shelf depreciation process of power equipment, except the loss of the transfer that is accompanied by electric charge and electric energy, also can produce electromagnetic radiation, ultrasound wave, luminous, heating, new product etc.Therefore, flash spotting is that optical radiation through detecting shelf depreciation is as beasurement base.Research shows that the optical wavelength that dissimilar shelf depreciations produces is different: the corona discharge optical wavelength is less than 400nm; The spark discharge wavelength is between 200～900nm; The gas composition of solid dielectric surface-discharge spectrum and region of discharge, character, surface state and the electrode material of solid material are relevant.In transformer oil, the optical wavelength that various discharges are sent is different, and research shows usually between 300～800nm.
Fluorescence optical fiber is in fibre core, to mix a certain amount of fluorescent material; When incident light shines fluorescence optical fiber from the side; This light is absorbed by fluorescence molecule, and electronics is got back to ground state with the form of optical radiation from excited state then from the ground state transition to excited state; This photoluminescence phenomenon is called fluorescence, and the life-span is 10
-9～10
-6S.Wherein the radiation direction fluorescence that satisfies fibre core-covering interface total reflection condition will axially transmit along fluorescence optical fiber, penetrate from the outgoing end face again.Photodetector is to utilize the photoelectric effect of material to adorn light signal the device that changes electric signal into.The present invention selects for use photomultiplier (PMT) as electrooptical device (being photodetector), has advantages such as response speed is fast, highly sensitive, noise is low, cathode area is big.
The present invention receives the optical radiation signal of local discharge generation as sensor through fluorescence optical fiber; Through plastic optical fiber optical signal transmission is carried out opto-electronic conversion to highly sensitive electrooptical device (being photomultiplier) then and become electric signal; Through concentric cable electric signal is transferred to oscillograph at last and carries out the signal demonstration and store, apply mechanically the flash spotting system that fluorescence optical fiber detects the power transformer shelf depreciation thereby set up one.
This method has advantage, thereby has improved the accuracy and the precision of electric power transformer insulated state on_line monitoring.
1) anti-electromagnetic interference capability is strong.When light signal transmits in fluorescence optical fiber, not can with electromagnetic field generation effect.
2) good insulation preformance.Because fluorescence optical fiber is nonmetallic materials, and is non-conductive, when therefore being used for detecting partial discharge of transformer, can conveniently be put in different noble potential places, good insulation preformance.
3) detection sensitivity is high.Because fluorescence optical fiber has higher susceptibility to the faint light intensity of local discharge generation, so detection signal is highly sensitive.
The technical scheme that realizes the object of the invention is: a kind of device with fluorescence optical fiber detection Partial Discharge in Power Transformer mainly comprises: induction voltage regulator T1, the dizzy testing transformer T2 of nothing, no shelf depreciation protective resistance R, standard capacitor divider C1, C2, shelf depreciation generator, photomultiplier, potentiometer, D.C. regulated power supply, concentric cable, oscillograph etc.The former limit of induction voltage regulator T1 is electrically connected with the 220V city through power lead, and the secondary of induction voltage regulator is connected with the low-pressure side of not having dizzy testing transformer T2 through concentric cable.The high-pressure side of not having dizzy testing transformer T2; Earlier with after no shelf depreciation protective resistance R connects; Parallelly connected with standard capacitor divider device C1 and C2 again; Then through high-voltage connection and after passing the insulating sleeve that is fixed in metallic shield lucifuge casing top, be connected with the high tension terminal on top of shelf depreciation generator in being installed in metallic shield lucifuge casing, in order to apply high voltage (being to apply high voltage between pin-plate electrode) to the shelf depreciation generator.Bottom at metallic shield lucifuge casing also is equiped with photomultiplier.
Described metallic shield lucifuge tank material is an irony.Be shaped as the housing of long 3.0～3.5m, wide 2.0～2.5m, high 2.0～2.2m, wall thickness 2～3mm.The effect of metallic shield lucifuge casing has: the one, be used for preventing extraneous electromagnetic interference (EMI), and play the effect of electromagnetic screen; The 2nd, prevent that extraneous light from disturbing, and plays the effect of lucifuge.
Described shelf depreciation generator mainly is made up of shell, pin electrode, plate electrode, fluorescence optical fiber.Its sheathing material is organic glass, be shaped as right cylinder, and cylindrical internal diameter is that 200～300mm, wall thickness 8～12mm, height are 200～300mm.Top center and bottom centre place at shell are respectively equipped with through hole.The top of high tension terminal is fixed in through bushing in the central through hole of cover top portion, and the upper end of high tension terminal is connected with high-voltage connection, and outside this junction, installs the spherical shield cover and shield, and improves Electric Field Distribution, to prevent corona discharge.The lower end of high tension terminal is through the affixed pin electrode of screw thread.The upper end of ground connection binding post is through the affixed plate electrode of screw thread.The bottom of ground connection binding post is fixed in the low-tension bushing through screw, and low-tension bushing is fixed in the central through hole place of outer casing bottom, and ground connection is passed through in the lower end of ground connection binding post.The material of pin-plate electrode is brass.The external diameter of pin electrode is that 8～12mm, length are that 50～100mm, most advanced and sophisticated radius-of-curvature are 0.4～0.8mm.The thickness of plate electrode is that 5～10mm, external diameter are the disk electrode of 80～120mm.In the enclosure and the side installing length that is positioned at pin-plate electrode be the fluorescence optical fiber of 20～40mm, the optical radiation signal that is produced when being used for receiving pin-plate electrode shelf depreciation.On the bonding bottom face in the enclosure of fluorescence optical fiber one end, the other end passes the shell top through the joints of optical fibre and links to each other with an end of plastic optical fiber.The other end of plastic optical fiber is connected with the optical window of photomultiplier through the joints of optical fibre, and photomultiplier receives the shelf depreciation light signal that plastic optical fiber transmits, and light signal is changed into electric signal output.The electrical signal of photomultiplier is connected with oscillograph through concentric cable and the side of passing metallic shield lucifuge casing, and electric signal is transferred to oscillograph, and oscillograph is converted into digital signal with electric signal and shows and store.Be placed on the positive terminal and the negative pole end of the photomultiplier in the metallic shield lucifuge casing; Be connected with the positive and negative electrode output terminal of D.C. regulated power supply through positive electrical line ball and negative electricity line ball and the side of passing metallic shield lucifuge casing respectively, the earth terminal of photomultiplier is connected with the ground line output terminal of D.C. regulated power supply through ground wire and the side of passing metallic shield lucifuge casing.The reference voltage end of photomultiplier through reference voltage line and the side of passing metallic shield lucifuge casing with after potentiometer is connected; Be connected with the ground line output terminal of D.C. regulated power supply again; The control voltage end of photomultiplier is connected with the centre tap end of potentiometer through control pressure-wire and the side of passing metallic shield lucifuge casing; Regulate the control voltage of photomultiplier through the resistance of regulator potentiometer, reach the purpose of the output gain of regulating photomultiplier.
Described photomultiplier is commercial product.Major parameter is that spectral response range is 300～880nm, and wavelength of peak sensitivity is 500nm, and the photocathode diameter is 8mm.WV is positive and negative 15V, and control voltage is regulated between 0.25～0.9V.
Described D.C. regulated power supply is commercial product.Input end is the 220V civil power, is output as the output of three terminal voltages, and wherein an end is that 0V arrives the adjustable output of positive 30V, and the other end is that 0V arrives the negative adjustable output of 30V, and last end is fixing positive 3.3V output.
Described potentiometer is commercial product.Resistance is 10k Ω ± 5%.
Described oscillograph is commercial widescreen high speed vast capacity digital fluorescence oscilloscope, bandwidth 1GHz, and maximum sampling rate 20GS/s, memory length are 100M.
The shell shape of described shelf depreciation generator except that aforesaid right cylinder, also can be square or rectangular parallelepiped.
A kind of fluorescence optical fiber detects the method for Partial Discharge in Power Transformer, utilizes apparatus of the present invention, the experiment of simulation power transformer pin-plate electrode shelf depreciation under air dielectric, and its concrete steps are following:
(1) experiment is prepared
1. oscillographic trigger value is set
In apparatus of the present invention; Open the switch and the oscillographic power switch of D.C. regulated power supply earlier, and to regulate oscillographic trigger value be 0 for " 0 " and potentiometer resistance value, the resistance that increases potentiometer more gradually is to 5k Ω; Oscillographic trigger value then gradually raises; And the demonstration of the pulse signal of observation oscilloscope, till the oscillograph pulse-free signal shows, write down the oscillographic trigger value of oscillographic trigger value for being provided with under this condition.
2. test the firing potential U of shelf depreciation generator
STAnd voltage breakdown U
B
After the completion of (1)-1. step; Experimental requirement earlier; The spacing that the screw of the ground connection binding post lower end through regulating the shelf depreciation generator comes metering needle-plate electrode is regulated the output voltage of induction voltage regulator T1, then after not having dizzy testing transformer; What make the shelf depreciation generator applies voltage from 0kV begin to raise gradually (promptly raise gradually between pin-plate electrode the voltage that applies); And examine pulse-free signal is arranged on the oscillograph, when pulse signal occurring, note the voltage that is applied between pin-plate electrode and (be the firing potential U of the shelf depreciation generator of apparatus of the present invention
ST), the output voltage of the induction voltage regulator T1 that then raises gradually, till the relay that does not have dizzy testing transformer T2 sent trip signal, the voltage that record is applied between pin-plate electrode at this moment (was the shelf depreciation generator voltage breakdown U of apparatus of the present invention
B), the output voltage of regulating induction voltage regulator T1 at last is to 0V.
(2) carry out the shelf depreciation experiment
(1) step was carried out following shelf depreciation experiment after accomplishing:
1. apply the pin-plate electrode shelf depreciation experiment under the voltage in same anode-cathode distance, difference
After the completion of (1) step; The first screw of the ground connection binding post lower end through regulating the shelf depreciation generator spacing of coming metering needle-plate electrode; Then through regulating the voltage of induction voltage regulator T1 output terminal; After not having dizzy testing transformer, make the shelf depreciation generator apply voltage with pin-plate electrode apart from corresponding firing potential U
STWith voltage breakdown U
BBetween, carry out the shelf depreciation experiment under the voltage in different applying.And receive the light signal that pin-plate electrode shelf depreciation produces through fluorescence optical fiber as sensor respectively; Through plastic optical fiber the optical signal transmission of shelf depreciation is carried out opto-electronic conversion to photomultiplier then and become electric signal; Through concentric cable the oscillograph that electric signal transfers to widescreen high speed vast capacity digital phosphor is shown and storage at last, thereby obtain applying the shelf depreciation time domain waveform under the voltage in same anode-cathode distance, difference.
2. in the same pin-plate electrode shelf depreciation experiment that applies under voltage, the different anode-cathode distance
Regulate earlier the voltage of induction voltage regulator T1 output terminal, after not having dizzy testing transformer, what make the shelf depreciation generator applies the firing potential U of voltage in (1)-2. pacing
STWith voltage breakdown U
BBetween arbitrary magnitude of voltage, regulate the spacing that the screw of the ground connection binding post lower end of shelf depreciation generator comes metering needle-plate electrode again, under different anode-cathode distances, carry out the shelf depreciation experiment.And receive the light signal that pin-plate electrode shelf depreciation produces through fluorescence optical fiber as sensor respectively; Through plastic optical fiber the optical signal transmission of shelf depreciation is carried out opto-electronic conversion to photomultiplier then and become electric signal; The oscillograph that through concentric cable electric signal is transferred to widescreen high speed vast capacity digital phosphor at last shows and storage, thereby obtains the shelf depreciation time domain waveform that applies under voltage, the different anode-cathode distance same.
When described shelf depreciation generator envelope filled goes into transformer oil, the pin-plate electrode shelf depreciation experiment under can also analogue transformer oil-insulation medium.
After the present invention adopts technique scheme, mainly contain following effect:
1, apparatus of the present invention can record firing potential U under differing needles-plate electrode spacing
STAnd voltage breakdown U
B, and along with the increase of spacing, firing potential U
STAnd voltage breakdown U
BIncrease tendency is all arranged, minimum firing potential U
STBe 3kV.
2, apparatus of the present invention can be regulated the change in voltage that applies easily, and therefore range of adjustment 0～50kV can dry run transformer pin-plate electrode difference apply the shelf depreciation under the voltage, studies the light radiation characteristic that its shelf depreciation produces.
3, apparatus of the present invention variation of spacing easily, range of adjustment is 6～24mm, can the shelf depreciation of dry run transformer pin-plate electrode under different spacing, study the light radiation characteristic that its shelf depreciation produces.
4, as shown in Figure 4, be 4.50kV applying voltage, under the condition of spacing d=8mm, the shelf depreciation time domain waveform of collected by oscillograph, its light pulse amplitude is approximately 0.4V.As shown in Figure 5, be 5.0kV applying voltage, under the spacing d=8mm condition, the shelf depreciation time domain waveform of collected by oscillograph, its light pulse amplitude is approximately 0.65V.Can know that from Fig. 4, Fig. 5 pin-plate electrode is under the identical situation of spacing d, applying voltage (being working voltage) has increase (being increased to 5.0kV from 4.50kV) slightly, and the waveform of light pulse is obviously difference not, but amplitude but obviously increases (being increased to 0.65V from 0.4V).As shown in Figure 6, be 5.30kV applying voltage, spacing begins from 6mm, increases 2mm successively, the shelf depreciation light pulse signal amplitude curve figure under the 24mm different spacing.Can know that from Fig. 6 identical applying under the voltage, along with the increase of anode-cathode distance, shelf depreciation light pulse amplitude is and reduces trend.
When 5, the light signal in apparatus of the present invention transmits in fluorescence optical fiber, not can with electromagnetic field generation effect, anti-electromagnetic interference capability is strong; Because it is fluorescence optical fiber is nonmetallic materials, non-conductive again, when therefore being used for detecting transformer inside shelf depreciation, good insulation preformance; Again because fluorescence optical fiber is responsive to the faint light intensity of shelf depreciation, so detection sensitivity is high.
The present invention can be widely used in the light radiation characteristic research of Field of Corona between Needle and Board discharge, floating potential shelf depreciation and the insulator surface discharge of power transformer under air dielectric, can also be under the transformer oil medium and GIS at SF
6The light characteristic research of the various shelf depreciations under the gas medium.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the experimental wiring synoptic diagram of apparatus of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation that the shelf depreciation generator of apparatus of the present invention amplifies;
Fig. 3 is photomultiplier, the potentiometer of contrive equipment, the wiring diagram of D.C. regulated power supply;
Fig. 4 is the shelf depreciation time domain waveform figure under 4.50kV, the spacing d=8mm for present embodiment 4 applying voltage;
Fig. 5 is the shelf depreciation time domain waveform figure under 5.0kV, the spacing d=8mm for present embodiment 4 applying voltage;
Fig. 6 is under the 5.30kV for present embodiment 4 applying voltage, and spacing begins from 6mm, increases 2mm successively, the shelf depreciation light pulse signal amplitude curve figure under the 24mm different spacing.
Among the figure: 1 induction voltage regulator, 2 do not have dizzy testing transformer, 3 no shelf depreciation protective resistances, 4 standard capacitor dividers, 5 high-voltage connections, 6 insulating sleeves; 7 metallic shield lucifuge casings, 8 shelf depreciation generators, 9 photomultipliers, 10 potentiometers, 11 D.C. regulated power supplies, 12 concentric cable; 13 oscillographs, 14 spherical shield covers, 15 bushings, 16 high tension terminals, 17 pin electrodes, 18 plate electrodes; 19 ground connection binding posts, 20 low-tension bushings, 21 shells, 22 fluorescence optical fibers, 23 plastic optical fibers; 24 positive electrical line balls, 25 negative electricity line balls, 26 reference voltage lines, 27 control pressure-wires, 28 ground wires.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, further specify the present invention.
Shown in Fig. 1-3; A kind of device with fluorescence optical fiber detection Partial Discharge in Power Transformer mainly comprises induction voltage regulator 1, does not have dizzy testing transformer 2, no shelf depreciation protective resistance 3, standard capacitor divider 4, shelf depreciation generator 8, photomultiplier 9, potentiometer 10, D.C. regulated power supply 11, concentric cable 12, oscillograph 13 etc.Characteristic is: the former limit of induction voltage regulator 1 is electrically connected with the 220V city through power lead, and the secondary of induction voltage regulator 1 is connected with the low-pressure side of not having dizzy testing transformer 2 through concentric cable.The high-pressure side of not having dizzy testing transformer 2; Earlier with after no shelf depreciation protective resistance 3 is connected; Parallelly connected with standard capacitor divider device 4 again; Then through high-voltage connection 5 and after passing the insulating sleeve 6 that is fixed in metallic shield lucifuge casing 7 tops, be connected with the high tension terminal 16 on top of shelf depreciation generator 8 in being installed in metallic shield lucifuge casing 7, in order to apply high voltage (being to apply high voltage between pin-plate electrode) to shelf depreciation generator 8.Bottom at metallic shield lucifuge casing 7 also is equiped with photomultiplier 9.
Described metallic shield lucifuge tank material is an irony, is shaped as rectangular parallelepiped, the housing of long 3.25m, wide 2.35m, high 2.1m, wall thickness 2.5mm.The effect of metallic shield lucifuge casing 7 has: the one, be used for preventing extraneous electromagnetic interference (EMI), and play the effect of electromagnetic screen; The 2nd, prevent that extraneous light from disturbing, and plays the effect of lucifuge.
Described shelf depreciation generator 8 mainly is made up of shell 21, pin electrode 17, plate electrode 18, fluorescence optical fiber 22.The material of its shell 21 is an organic glass, is shaped as right cylinder, and cylindrical internal diameter is 240mm, wall thickness 10mm, the high 270mm of being.Top center and bottom centre place at shell 21 are respectively equipped with through hole.The top of high tension terminal 16 is fixed in through bushing 15 in the central through hole at shell 21 tops, and the upper end of high tension terminal 16 is connected with high-voltage connection 5, and outside this junction, installs spherical shield cover 14, improves Electric Field Distribution, to prevent corona discharge.The lower end of high tension terminal 16 is through the affixed pin electrode 17 of screw thread.The bottom of ground connection binding post 19 is fixed in the low-tension bushing 20 through screw, and low-tension bushing 20 is fixed in the central through hole place of shell 21 bottoms, and ground connection is passed through in the lower end of ground connection binding post 19.The material of pin-plate electrode is brass.The external diameter of pin electrode 17 is 10mm, and length is 60mm, and most advanced and sophisticated radius-of-curvature is 0.5mm.The thickness of plate electrode 18 is that 7mm, external diameter are the disk electrode of 100m.In shell 21 and the side installing length that is positioned at pin-plate electrode be the fluorescence optical fiber 22 of 30mm, the optical radiation signal that is produced when being used for receiving pin-plate electrode shelf depreciation.Fluorescence optical fiber 22 1 ends are bonded on the bottom face in the shell 21, and the other end passes shell 21 tops through the joints of optical fibre and links to each other with an end of plastic optical fiber 23.The other end of plastic optical fiber 23 is connected with the optical window of photomultiplier 9 through the joints of optical fibre, and photomultiplier 9 receives the shelf depreciation light signal that plastic optical fiber 23 transmits, and light signal is changed into electric signal output.The signal output part of photomultiplier 9 is connected with oscillograph 13 through concentric cable 12 and the side of passing metallic shield lucifuge casing 7, and electric signal is transferred to oscillograph 13, and oscillograph 13 is converted into digital signal with electric signal and shows and store.Be placed on the cathode voltage and the cathode voltage of the photomultiplier 9 in the metallic shield lucifuge casing 7; Be connected with the positive and negative electrode voltage output end of D.C. regulated power supply 11 through positive electrical line ball 24 and negative electricity line ball 25 and the side of passing metallic shield lucifuge casing 7 respectively, photomultiplier 9 earth terminals are connected with the ground line output terminal of D.C. regulated power supply 11 through ground wire 28 and the side of passing metallic shield lucifuge casing 7.The reference voltage end of photomultiplier 9 through reference voltage line 26 and the side of passing metallic shield lucifuge casing 7 with after potentiometer 10 is connected; Be connected with the ground line output terminal of D.C. regulated power supply 11 again; The control voltage end of photomultiplier 9 is connected with the centre tap end of potentiometer 10 through control pressure-wire 27 and the side of passing metallic shield lucifuge casing 7; Regulate the control voltage of photomultiplier 9 through the resistance of regulator potentiometer 10, reach the purpose of the output gain of regulating photomultiplier 9.
Described photomultiplier is commercial product, and model is H9656-02.Major parameter is that spectral response range is 300～880nm, and wavelength of peak sensitivity is 500nm, and the photocathode diameter is 8mm.WV is positive and negative 15V, and control voltage is regulated between 0.25～0.9V.
Described D.C. regulated power supply is commercial product, and model is LPS305.Input end is the 220V civil power, is output as the output of three terminal voltages, and wherein an end is that 0V arrives the adjustable output of positive 30V, and the other end is that 0V arrives the negative adjustable output of 30V, and last end is fixing positive 3.3V output.
Described potentiometer is commercial product, and model is 22HP-10, and resistance is 10k Ω ± 5%.
Described oscillograph is commercial widescreen high speed vast capacity digital fluorescence oscilloscope, and model is Tektronix DPO7104, bandwidth 1GHz, and maximum sampling rate 20GS/s, memory length are 100M.
A kind of device with fluorescence optical fiber detection Partial Discharge in Power Transformer is with instance 1.The long 3.0m of wherein said metallic shield lucifuge casing 7, wide 2.0m, high 2.0m, wall thickness 2.0mm.The internal diameter of shell 21 is 200mm, wall thickness 8mm, the high 200mm of being.The external diameter of pin electrode 17 is that 8mm, length are that 50mm, most advanced and sophisticated radius-of-curvature are 0.4mm.The thickness of plate electrode 18 is that 5mm, external diameter are 80mm.In shell 21 and the side installing length that is positioned at pin-plate electrode be the fluorescence optical fiber 22 of 20mm.
A kind of device with fluorescence optical fiber detection Partial Discharge in Power Transformer is with instance 1.Wherein: the long 3.5m of described metallic shield lucifuge casing 7, wide 2.5m, high 2.2m, wall thickness 3.0mm.The internal diameter of shell 21 is 300mm, wall thickness 12mm, the high 300mm of being.The external diameter of pin electrode 17 is that 12mm, length are that 100mm, most advanced and sophisticated radius-of-curvature are 0.8mm.The thickness of plate electrode 18 is that 10mm, external diameter are 120mm.In shell 21 and the side installing length that is positioned at pin-plate electrode be the fluorescence optical fiber 22 of 40mm.
A kind of concrete steps of the method that detects Partial Discharge in Power Transformer with fluorescence optical fiber are following:
(1) experiment is prepared
1. oscillographic trigger value is set
In apparatus of the present invention; Open the switch of D.C. regulated power supply 11 and the power switch of oscillograph 13 earlier, and the trigger value of regulating oscillograph 13 is 0 for " 0 " and potentiometer 10 resistance values, the resistance that increases potentiometer 10 more gradually is to 5k Ω; The trigger value of oscillograph 13 then gradually raises; And the pulse signal of observation oscilloscope 13 shows that till oscillograph 13 pulse-free signals showed, the trigger value that writes down oscillograph 13 under this condition was the trigger value of the oscillograph 13 of setting.
2. test the firing potential U of shelf depreciation generator
STAnd voltage breakdown U
B
After the completion of (1)-1. step; Experimental requirement earlier; The spacing that the screw of ground connection binding post 19 lower ends through regulating shelf depreciation generator 8 comes metering needle-plate electrode; Regulate the output voltage of induction voltage regulator 1 then, do not make the voltage that applies of shelf depreciation generator 8 begin to raise gradually (promptly raise gradually between pin-plate electrode the voltage that applies), and examine on the oscillograph 13 pulse-free signal is arranged from 0kV through there being dizzy testing transformer 2; When pulse signal occurring, note the voltage that is applied between pin-plate electrode and (be the firing potential U of the shelf depreciation generator 8 of apparatus of the present invention
ST), the output voltage of the induction voltage regulator 1 that then raises gradually, till the relay that does not have dizzy testing transformer 2 sent trip signal, the voltage that record is applied between pin-plate electrode at this moment (was the shelf depreciation generator 8 voltage breakdown U of apparatus of the present invention
B), the output voltage of regulating induction voltage regulator 1 at last is to 0V.
(2) carry out the shelf depreciation experiment
(1) step was carried out following shelf depreciation experiment after accomplishing:
1. apply the pin-plate electrode shelf depreciation experiment under the voltage in same anode-cathode distance, difference
After the completion of (1) step; Elder generation comes the spacing d=8mm of metering needle-plate electrode through the screw of ground connection binding post 19 lower ends of adjusting shelf depreciation generator 8; Then through regulating the voltage of induction voltage regulator 1 output terminal; After not having dizzy testing transformer 2, make shelf depreciation generator 8 apply voltage with pin-plate electrode apart from corresponding firing potential U
STWith voltage breakdown U
BBetween, carry out the shelf depreciation experiment under the voltage in different applying.And receive the light signal that pin-plate electrode shelf depreciation produces through fluorescence optical fiber 22 as sensor respectively; Through plastic optical fiber 23 optical signal transmission of shelf depreciation is carried out opto-electronic conversion to photomultiplier 9 then and become electric signal; Through concentric cable 12 oscillograph 13 that electric signal transfers to widescreen high speed vast capacity digital phosphor is shown and storage at last, thereby obtain applying shelf depreciation time domain waveform such as Fig. 4, shown in Figure 5 under the voltage in same anode-cathode distance, difference.
Can know from Fig. 4, Fig. 5; Pin-plate electrode is all under the situation of spacing d=8mm; Applying voltage (being working voltage) has increase (being increased to 5.0kV from 4.50kV) slightly, and the waveform of light pulse is obviously difference not, but amplitude but obviously increases (being increased to 0.65V from 0.4V).
2. in the same pin-plate electrode shelf depreciation experiment that applies under voltage, the different anode-cathode distance
Regulate earlier the voltage of induction voltage regulator 1 output terminal, after not having dizzy testing transformer 2, what make shelf depreciation generator 8 applies the firing potential U of voltage in (1)-2. pacing
STWith voltage breakdown U
BBetween arbitrary magnitude of voltage, regulate the spacing that the screw of the ground connection binding post lower end of shelf depreciation generator 8 comes metering needle-plate electrode again, under different anode-cathode distances, carry out the shelf depreciation experiment.And receive the light signal that pin-plate electrode shelf depreciation produces through fluorescence optical fiber 22 as sensor respectively; Through plastic optical fiber 23 optical signal transmission of shelf depreciation is carried out opto-electronic conversion to photomultiplier 9 then and become electric signal; Through concentric cable 12 oscillograph 13 that electric signal transfers to widescreen high speed vast capacity digital phosphor is shown and storage at last, thereby obtain in the same shelf depreciation time domain waveform that applies under voltage, the different anode-cathode distance as shown in Figure 6.
Can be known by Fig. 6, be 5.30kV applying voltage, and spacing begins from 6mm, increases 2mm successively, the shelf depreciation light pulse signal amplitude curve figure under the 24mm different spacing.Can find out that identical applying under the voltage, along with the increase of anode-cathode distance, shelf depreciation light pulse amplitude is and reduces trend.
Claims (2)
1. device that detects Partial Discharge in Power Transformer with fluorescence optical fiber; Mainly comprise induction voltage regulator (1), do not have dizzy testing transformer (2), no shelf depreciation protective resistance (3), standard capacitor divider (4), high-voltage connection (5), insulating sleeve (6), shelf depreciation generator (8), oscillograph (13), it is characterized in that metallic shield lucifuge casing (7), photomultiplier (9), potentiometer (10), D.C. regulated power supply (11);
The former limit of induction voltage regulator (1) is electrically connected with the 220V city through power lead; The secondary of induction voltage regulator (1) is connected with the low-pressure side of not having dizzy testing transformer (2) through concentric cable; The high-pressure side of not having dizzy testing transformer (2); Earlier with after no shelf depreciation protective resistance (3) is connected; Parallelly connected with standard capacitor divider (4) again, pass the insulating sleeve (6) that is fixed in metallic shield lucifuge casing (7) top through high-voltage connection (5) then after, be connected with the high tension terminal (16) on the top that is installed in the shelf depreciation generator (8) in the metallic shield lucifuge casing (7); In order to apply high voltage, also be equiped with photomultiplier (9) in the bottom of metallic shield lucifuge casing (7) to shelf depreciation generator (8);
Described metallic shield lucifuge casing (7) material is an irony, is shaped as the housing of long 3.0～3.5m, wide 2.0～2.5m, high 2.0～2.2m, wall thickness 2～3mm;
Described shelf depreciation generator (8) mainly is made up of shell (21), pin electrode (17), plate electrode (18), fluorescence optical fiber (22); The material of its shell (21) is organic glass, be shaped as right cylinder; Cylindrical internal diameter is that 200～300mm, wall thickness 8～12mm, height are 200～300mm, and top center and bottom centre place at shell (21) are respectively equipped with through hole; The top of high tension terminal (16) is fixed in the central through hole at shell (21) top through bushing (15); The upper end of high tension terminal (16) is connected with high-voltage connection (5), and outside this junction, installs spherical shield cover (14), improves Electric Field Distribution; To prevent corona discharge; The lower end of high tension terminal (16) is through the affixed pin electrode of screw thread (17), and the bottom of ground connection binding post (19) is fixed in the low-tension bushing (20) through screw, and low-tension bushing (20) is fixed in the central through hole place of shell (21) bottom; Ground connection is passed through in the lower end of ground connection binding post (19); The material of pin-plate electrode is brass, and the external diameter of pin electrode (17) is that 8～12mm, length are that 50～100mm, most advanced and sophisticated radius-of-curvature are 0.4～0.8mm, and the thickness of plate electrode (18) is that 5～10mm, external diameter are the disk electrode of 80～120mm; In shell (21) and the side installing length that is positioned at pin (17)-plate (18) electrode be the fluorescence optical fiber (22) of 20～40mm; The optical radiation signal that is produced when being used for receiving pin-plate electrode shelf depreciation, fluorescence optical fiber (22) one ends are bonded on the bottom face in the shell (21), and the other end passes shell (21) top through the joints of optical fibre and links to each other with an end of plastic optical fiber (23); The other end of plastic optical fiber (23) is connected with the optical window of photomultiplier (9) through the joints of optical fibre; Photomultiplier (9) receives the shelf depreciation light signal that plastic optical fiber (23) transmits, and light signal is changed into electric signal output, and the signal output part of photomultiplier (9) is connected with oscillograph (13) through concentric cable (12) and the side of passing metallic shield lucifuge casing (7); Electric signal is transferred to oscillograph (13); Oscillograph (13) shows and store for widescreen vast capacity digital fluorescence oscilloscope at a high speed is converted into digital signal with electric signal, is placed on the positive terminal and the negative pole end of the interior photomultiplier (9) of metallic shield lucifuge casing (7), is connected with the positive and negative electrode output terminal of D.C. regulated power supply (11) through positive electrical line ball (24) and negative electricity line ball (25) and the side of passing metallic shield lucifuge casing (7) respectively; The earth terminal of photomultiplier (9) is connected with the ground line output terminal of D.C. regulated power supply (11) through ground wire (28) and the side of passing metallic shield lucifuge casing (7); With after potentiometer (10) is connected, the ground line output terminal with D.C. regulated power supply (11) is connected the reference voltage end of photomultiplier (9) again through reference voltage line (26) and the side of passing metallic shield lucifuge casing (7), and the control voltage end of photomultiplier (9) is connected with the centre tap end of potentiometer (10) through control pressure-wire (27) and the side of passing metallic shield lucifuge casing (7); Regulate the control voltage of photomultiplier (9) through the resistance of regulator potentiometer (10), reach the purpose of the output gain of regulating photomultiplier (9).
2. a fluorescence optical fiber detects the method for Partial Discharge in Power Transformer, it is characterized in that its concrete steps are following:
(1) experiment is prepared
1. oscillographic trigger value is set
In apparatus of the present invention; Open the switch of D.C. regulated power supply (11) and the power switch of oscillograph (13) earlier, and the trigger value of regulating oscillograph (13) is 0 for " 0 " and potentiometer (10) resistance value, the resistance that increases potentiometer (10) more gradually is to 5k Ω; The trigger value of oscillograph (13) then gradually raises; And the demonstration of the pulse signal of observation oscilloscope (13), till oscillograph (13) pulse-free signal shows, write down oscillographic trigger value under this condition;
2. test the firing potential U of shelf depreciation generator
STAnd voltage breakdown U
B
After the completion of (1)-1. step; Experimental requirement earlier, the spacing that the screw of ground connection binding post (19) lower end through regulating shelf depreciation generator (8) comes metering needle-plate electrode is regulated the output voltage of induction voltage regulator (1) then; Do not make the voltage that applies of shelf depreciation generator (8) begin to raise gradually through there being dizzy testing transformer (2) from 0kV; Promptly raise gradually the voltage that applies between pin-plate electrode, and examine on the oscillograph (13) pulse-free signal is arranged, when pulse signal occurring; Note the voltage that is applied between pin-plate electrode, be the firing potential U of the shelf depreciation generator of apparatus of the present invention
ST, the output voltage of induction voltage regulator (1) that then raises gradually, till the relay that does not have dizzy testing transformer (2) sent trip signal, record was applied to the voltage between pin-plate electrode this moment, is the shelf depreciation generator voltage breakdown U of apparatus of the present invention
B, the output voltage of regulating induction voltage regulator (1) at last is to 0V;
(2) carry out the shelf depreciation experiment
(1) step was carried out following shelf depreciation experiment after accomplishing:
1. apply the pin-plate electrode shelf depreciation experiment under the voltage in same anode-cathode distance, difference
After the completion of (1) step; The first screw of ground connection binding post (19) lower end through adjusting shelf depreciation generator (8) spacing of coming metering needle-plate electrode; Then through regulating the voltage of induction voltage regulator (1) output terminal; After not having dizzy testing transformer (2), make shelf depreciation generator (8) apply voltage with pin-plate electrode apart from corresponding firing potential U
STWith voltage breakdown U
BBetween; Carry out the shelf depreciation experiment under the voltage in different applying; And receive the light signal that pin-plate electrode shelf depreciation produces through fluorescence optical fiber (22) as sensor respectively; Through plastic optical fiber (23) optical signal transmission of shelf depreciation is carried out opto-electronic conversion to photomultiplier (9) then and become electric signal; Through concentric cable (12) oscillograph (13) that electric signal transfers to widescreen high speed vast capacity digital phosphor is shown and storage at last, thereby obtain applying the shelf depreciation time domain waveform under the voltage in same anode-cathode distance, difference;
2. in the same pin-plate electrode shelf depreciation experiment that applies under voltage, the different anode-cathode distance
Regulate earlier the voltage of induction voltage regulator (1) output terminal, after not having dizzy testing transformer (2), what make shelf depreciation generator (8) applies the firing potential U of voltage in (1)-2. pacing
STWith voltage breakdown U
BBetween arbitrary magnitude of voltage; Regulate the spacing that the screw of ground connection binding post (19) lower end of shelf depreciation generator (8) comes metering needle-plate electrode again; Under different anode-cathode distances, carry out the shelf depreciation experiment; And receive the light signal that pin-plate electrode shelf depreciation produces through fluorescence optical fiber (22) as sensor respectively; Through plastic optical fiber (23) optical signal transmission of shelf depreciation is carried out opto-electronic conversion to photomultiplier (9) then and become electric signal; The oscillograph (13) that through concentric cable (12) electric signal is transferred to widescreen high speed vast capacity digital phosphor at last shows and storage, thereby obtains the shelf depreciation time domain waveform that applies under voltage, the different anode-cathode distance same.
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| CN2010102357049A CN102338843A (en) | 2010-07-26 | 2010-07-26 | Apparatus and method for detecting partial discharge of power transformer by utilizing fluorescence fiber |
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