CN108802484A - A kind of gas isolated REAL-TIME SELF wideband high voltage meter - Google Patents
A kind of gas isolated REAL-TIME SELF wideband high voltage meter Download PDFInfo
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- CN108802484A CN108802484A CN201810645858.1A CN201810645858A CN108802484A CN 108802484 A CN108802484 A CN 108802484A CN 201810645858 A CN201810645858 A CN 201810645858A CN 108802484 A CN108802484 A CN 108802484A
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- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910003327 LiNbO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005693 optoelectronics Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000001259 photo etching Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005697 Pockels effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000206 photolithography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005350 ferromagnetic resonance Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/25—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof using digital measurement techniques
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R15/00—Details of measuring arrangements of the types provided for in groups G01R17/00 - G01R29/00, G01R33/00 - G01R33/26 or G01R35/00
- G01R15/14—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks
- G01R15/24—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using light-modulating devices
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of gas isolated REAL-TIME SELF wideband high voltage meters without capacitive divider, belong to optical voltage measuring engineering device technique field.High-field electrode and insulated enclosure plate are separately fixed at the both ends of the hollow insulator, complete the sealing of the hollow insulator;The cylindrical shield layer is enclosed along the hollow insulator inner wall one to be arranged;The bottom of insulated enclosure plate is fixed with reference voltage electrode, is equipped with insulating sleeve in the lower section of the reference voltage electrode, the lower end of the insulating sleeve is connected with grounding electrode;Integrated optics electric-field sensor is fixed at the insulating sleeve axis line inside, the integrated optics electric-field sensor is connect with SLD light sources, optical signal receiver respectively by polarization maintaining optical fibre, the output end connection signal processing unit of the optical signal receiver.Voltage measuring apparatus of the present invention eliminates the influence of temperature and external electrical field to voltage measuring apparatus measurement accuracy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a gas-insulated real-time self-calibration broadband high-voltage measuring device, and belongs to the technical field of optical voltage measuring devices.
Background
With the increase of capacity of power systems, the improvement of operating voltage levels and the increase of power transmission distances in China, the monitoring, control and protection of the whole system must meet higher requirements. The traditional electromagnetic voltage transformer has the problems of high insulation difficulty, small dynamic range, ferromagnetic resonance, narrow frequency band and the like, and is difficult to meet the development requirement of a power system.
The continuous development of electronic technology and photoelectric technology makes the optical voltage transformer gradually show a great potential for replacing the traditional voltage transformer. The optical voltage transformer mainly utilizes the Pockels effect to calculate the voltage to be measured through modulation measurement of optical signals. At present, the sensor part of the optical voltage transformer is mainly divided into a volume modulation type optical voltage sensor and an integrated optical electric field sensor, and the integrated optical electric field sensor becomes a future development trend due to the advantages of large dynamic response range, high sensitivity, wide frequency band and the like. However, the measurement accuracy is seriously affected by temperature and external interference electric field, so that the optical voltage transformer adopting the integrated optical electric field sensor is difficult to meet the practical requirements in the stability and reliability of long-term operation. Chinese patent 201110334618.8 discloses a self-calibration method for optical voltage sensor, which uses an optical crystal as an optical voltage sensing unit, and the voltage is directly applied to the optical crystal, which has insulation problem and cannot be used for high voltage measurement. The chinese invention patent 201410419943.8 discloses an optical voltage transformer, which is essentially a current transformer based on faraday rotation effect, and measures voltage-converted current by using a high-voltage capacitor. Chinese patent 201610998948.X discloses a nano-material dielectric shielding type electronic optical voltage transformer, which cannot eliminate the influence of temperature on measurement accuracy. Chinese patent 201510426486.X discloses an optical voltage transformer based on SF6 coaxial capacitor voltage division, which adopts an internal SF6 coaxial capacitor as a high-voltage side voltage division capacitor, adopts a high-performance NPO capacitor as a low-voltage side voltage division capacitor, is based on the capacitive voltage divider principle essentially, and cannot eliminate the influence of temperature on measurement accuracy. The invention discloses a capacitive voltage division type self-calibration optical voltage transformer in Chinese invention patent 201110365247.X, which is used for converting a measured voltage into a low voltage for measurement through a high-precision capacitive voltage divider.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to eliminate the influence of temperature and an external electric field on the measurement precision of the voltage measurement device, the invention aims to provide a real-time self-calibration broadband high-voltage measurement device which is gas-insulated and does not need a capacitive voltage divider. Firstly, the electric field sensor of the optical voltage measuring device measures the measured voltage and simultaneously measures another group of reference voltages with different frequencies from the measured voltage, and because the temperature has consistent influence on the measurement precision of the two groups of voltages, the automatic temperature compensation of the measured voltage can be completed by calibrating the measured value of the reference voltage; in addition, a group of conventional mutual inductor measurement data is introduced, and a three-phase decoupling method is adopted to obtain the influence factors of other two-phase voltages on the current-phase measurement value, so that the correction of an external interference electric field is completed; the optical voltage measuring device can meet the practical requirements on the stability and reliability of long-term operation.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
an optical voltage measuring device adopting an integrated optical electric field sensor comprises a high-voltage wiring terminal, a high-voltage electrode, a cylindrical shielding layer, a hollow insulator, an insulating sealing plate, a reference voltage electrode, the integrated optical electric field sensor, an insulating sleeve, a grounding electrode, a polarization maintaining optical fiber, a voltage stabilizing variable frequency power supply, an SLD light source, an optical signal receiver and a signal processing unit; wherein:
the high-voltage electrode and the insulating sealing plate are respectively fixed at two ends of the hollow insulator to complete the sealing of the hollow insulator; the cylindrical shielding layer is arranged along the inner wall of the hollow insulator in a circle;
the high-voltage electrode is fixed at the top end of the hollow insulator and connected with a high-voltage wiring terminal to obtain a measured voltage;
the insulation sealing plate is fixed at the bottom end of the hollow insulator, a reference voltage electrode is fixed at the bottom of the insulation sealing plate, and the reference voltage electrode is connected with a voltage-stabilizing variable frequency power supply; an insulating sleeve is arranged below the reference voltage electrode, the upper end of the insulating sleeve is connected with the lower end of the insulating sealing plate, and the lower end of the insulating sleeve is connected with a grounding electrode; an integrated optical electric field sensor is fixed on the central axis inside the insulating sleeve, the integrated optical electric field sensor is respectively connected with the SLD light source and the optical signal receiver through polarization maintaining optical fibers, and the output end of the optical signal receiver is connected with the signal processing unit.
Furthermore, the cylindrical shielding layer is a resistance-capacitance shielding material sleeve, and the cylindrical shielding layer is coaxial with the hollow insulator.
Furthermore, the high-voltage electrode, the insulating sealing plate, the reference voltage electrode, the insulating sleeve and the grounding electrode are all cylinders which are coaxial with the hollow insulator.
Furthermore, the high-voltage electrode, the reference voltage electrode and the grounding electrode are all copper electrodes.
Furthermore, the signal processing unit comprises an anti-aliasing filter, an A/D conversion module, a digital signal processing system and a photoelectric output module which are connected in sequence, wherein the input end of the anti-aliasing filter is connected with the output end of the optical signal receiver, the output end of the anti-aliasing filter is connected with the input end of the A/D conversion module, the output end of the A/D conversion module is connected with the input end of the digital signal processing system, and the output end of the digital signal processing system is connected with the photoelectric output module.
Furthermore, the integrated optical electric field sensor is based on common-path interference, and x-cut z-transmission LiNbO3An optical waveguide was formed on a wafer as a substrate by a Ti diffusion method, and a dipole antenna and an electrode were formed near the optical waveguide by a photolithography method.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the voltage measuring device adopts gas insulation, adopts an integrated optical electric field sensor, has large electric field measurable range, does not need a capacitive voltage divider to convert the measured voltage from high voltage to low voltage, and reduces the manufacturing cost and difficulty.
2. The voltage measuring device uses a reference voltage calibration method, eliminates the influence of temperature on the measuring precision of the optical voltage measuring device, and improves the stability of the optical voltage measuring device in long-term operation.
3. The voltage measuring device adopts an integrated optical electric field sensor, has the advantages of large dynamic response range, high sensitivity, wide frequency band and the like, and the effective frequency response can reach 100 MHz.
4. The voltage measuring device adopts the resistance-capacitance shielding material sleeve, the influence of an external electric field on the measuring precision of the optical voltage measuring device can be effectively reduced, and the anti-interference capability of the voltage measuring device is improved.
5. The voltage measuring device is insulated by using the gas gap, can realize high-voltage measurement by using a voltage measuring device with smaller size, has light weight and small manufacturing difficulty, only uses one electric field sensor, and has low cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a voltage measuring device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a signal processing unit according to the present invention;
the device comprises a 1-high-voltage wiring terminal, a 2-high-voltage electrode, a 3-cylindrical shielding layer, a 4-hollow insulator, a 5-insulating sealing plate, a 6-reference voltage electrode, a 7-integrated optical electric field sensor, an 8-insulating sleeve, a 9-grounding electrode, a 10-polarization maintaining optical fiber, an 11-voltage stabilizing variable frequency power supply, a 12-SLD light source, a 13-optical signal receiver, a 14-signal processing unit, a 141-anti-aliasing filter, a 142-A/D conversion module, a 143-digital signal processing system and a 144-photoelectric output module.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a gas-insulated real-time self-calibration broadband high-voltage measuring device comprises a high-voltage wiring terminal 1, a high-voltage electrode 2, a cylindrical shielding layer 3, a hollow insulator 4, an insulating sealing plate 5, a reference voltage electrode 6, an integrated optical electric field sensor 7, an insulating sleeve 8, a grounding electrode 9, a polarization maintaining optical fiber 10, a voltage stabilizing variable frequency power supply 11, an SLD light source 12, an optical signal receiver 13 and a signal processing unit 14; wherein:
the high-voltage electrode 2 and the insulating sealing plate 5 are respectively fixed at two ends of the hollow insulator 4 to complete the sealing of the hollow insulator 4; the cylindrical shielding layer 3 is arranged along the inner wall of the hollow insulator 4 in a circle;
the high-voltage electrode 2 is fixed at the top end of the hollow insulator 4, and the high-voltage electrode 2 is connected with the high-voltage wiring terminal 1 to obtain a measured voltage;
the insulating sealing plate 5 is fixed at the bottom end of the hollow insulator 4, a reference voltage electrode 6 is fixed at the bottom of the insulating sealing plate 5, and the reference voltage electrode 6 is connected with a voltage-stabilizing variable frequency power supply 11; an insulating sleeve 8 is arranged below the reference voltage electrode 6, the upper end of the insulating sleeve 8 is connected with the lower end of the insulating sealing plate 5, and the lower end of the insulating sleeve 8 is connected with a grounding electrode 9; an integrated optical electric field sensor 7 is fixed on the central axis inside the insulating sleeve 8, the integrated optical electric field sensor 7 is respectively connected with an SLD light source 12 and an optical signal receiver 13 through a polarization maintaining optical fiber 10, and the output end of the optical signal receiver 13 is connected with a signal processing unit 14.
The cylindrical shielding layer 3 is a resistance-capacitance shielding material sleeve, and the cylindrical shielding layer 3 is coaxial with the hollow insulator 4.
The high-voltage electrode 2, the insulating sealing plate 5, the reference voltage electrode 6, the insulating sleeve 8 and the grounding electrode 9 are all cylinders which are coaxial with the hollow insulator 4.
The high-voltage electrode 2, the reference voltage electrode 6 and the grounding electrode 9 are all copper electrodes.
As shown in fig. 2, the signal processing unit 14 includes an anti-aliasing filter 141, an a/D conversion module 142, a digital signal processing system 143, and an optical-to-electrical output module 144, which are connected in sequence, wherein an input end of the anti-aliasing filter 141 is connected to an output end of the optical signal receiver 13, an output end of the anti-aliasing filter 141 is connected to an input end of the a/D conversion module 142, an output end of the a/D conversion module 142 is connected to an input end of the digital signal processing system 143, and an output end of the digital signal processing system 143 is connected to the optical-to-electrical output module 144.
The integrated optical electric field sensor 7 is an integrated optical electric field sensor based on common-path interference and x-cut z-transmission LiNbO3An optical waveguide was formed on a wafer as a substrate by a Ti diffusion method, and a dipole antenna and an electrode were formed near the optical waveguide by a photolithography method.
The integrated optical electric field sensor 7 calculates the electric field intensity in the vertical direction at the integrated optical electric field sensor 7 according to the phase delay of the optical signal generated by the Pockels effect, and then the measured voltage is obtained; the electric field strength in the vertical direction at the integrated optical electric field sensor 7 is expressed as:
E=E1+E2+E3
in the formula, E1Representing the measured voltage U on the high-voltage electrode 21Vertical-direction electric field intensity generated at the integrated optical electric field sensor 7; e2Representing the reference voltage U on the reference voltage electrode 62Vertical-direction electric field intensity generated at the integrated optical electric field sensor 7; e3Indicating the vertical direction electric field strength generated by the disturbing electric field at the integrated optical electric field sensor 7.
A method for eliminating the influence of external temperature and electric field on the measurement accuracy of a voltage measurement device is based on the optical voltage measurement device which adopts an integrated optical electric field sensor and has the temperature drift calibration function, and comprises the following steps:
step 1, the integrated optical electric field sensor of the voltage measuring device measures the measured voltage U1At the same time, another group of reference voltages U with different frequency from the measured voltage is measured2Completing automatic temperature compensation of the measured voltage measurement value by calibrating the reference voltage measurement value; specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
step 1-1, respectively measuring the voltage U to be measured1And a reference voltage U2:
Measured voltage U1Vertical electric field intensity E generated at integrated optical electric field sensor1To the measured voltage U1A linear relationship exists and is expressed as: e1=k1U1In the formula, k1Is a correlation coefficient;
reference voltage U2Vertical electric field intensity E generated at integrated optical electric field sensor2Expressed as: e2=k2U2In the formula, k2Is the correlation coefficient.
Step 1-2, the integrated optical electric field sensor detects the voltage U simultaneously to be measured1And a reference voltage U2The received signal is transmitted to the optical signal receiver through the polarization maintaining optical fiber, and then the optical signal receiver sends the received signal to the signal processing unit.
Step 1-3, the signal sent by the optical signal receiver is output to an A/D conversion module after passing through an anti-aliasing filter, the A/D conversion module converts an analog signal into a digital signal and transmits the digital signal to a digital signal processing system, and the digital signal processing system performs digital filtering processing on the signal which is output by the A/D conversion module and simultaneously contains a measured voltage component and a reference voltage component to respectively obtain a measured value U of the measured voltage1' with measured value of reference voltage U2′。
Step 1-4, the digital signal processing system further measures the measured value U of the reference voltage2"actual value of reference voltage U2Performing comparison calculation to obtain real-time sensitivity k of the voltage measuring device, wherein k is U2/U2' finally, the real-time sensitivity k of the voltage measuring device is utilized to complete the measurement value U of the measured voltage1Calibration of' results in an output voltage signal that is not affected by ambient temperature: u1=kU1。
Step 2, a group of conventional voltage measuring devices are introduced to measure data, and a three-phase decoupling method is adopted to eliminate the interference of adjacent phase voltages on the accuracy of the current phase voltage measuring device, specifically:
step 2-1, respectively measuring the electric field waveform asAnd
wherein,a, B, C three-phase voltage vectors; k is a radical ofaa、kab、kacThe influence coefficients of the A-phase voltage, the B-phase voltage and the C-phase voltage on the A-phase integrated optical electric field sensor are respectively Kba、kbb、kbcThe influence coefficients k of the A phase voltage, the B phase voltage and the C phase voltage on the B phase integrated optical electric field sensor are respectivelyca、kcb、kccThe influence coefficients of the A-phase voltage, the B-phase voltage and the C-phase voltage on the C-phase integrated optical electric field sensor are respectively.
Step 2-2, introducing a set of measurement data of a conventional voltage measurement device, firstlyAs a known quantity, k is determined by experimentaa、kbb、kccAnd k isaa、kbb、kccKeeping the same; by passing kaaCalculate kab、kacBy passingkbbCalculate kba、kbcBy passingkccCalculate kca、kcb。
Step 2-3, constructing a matrix A according to the obtained influence coefficients,the following relations are provided:
inverting the matrix A to obtain a decoupling matrix B, wherein B is A-1。
Step 2-4, utilizing decoupling matrix B and electric field waveform measured by A, B, C phase voltage measuring deviceSolving for A, B, C phase voltages
Step 2-5, obtaining the decoupled three-phase voltage signalThe voltage waveforms independent of the three-phase voltage measuring device are decoupled to obtain the actual waveforms of the three-phase voltage, so that the interference of adjacent phase voltages on the accuracy of the three-phase voltage measuring device is eliminated.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A gas-insulated real-time self-calibration broadband high-voltage measuring device is characterized by comprising a high-voltage wiring terminal (1), a high-voltage electrode (2), a cylindrical shielding layer (3), a hollow insulator (4), an insulating sealing plate (5), a reference voltage electrode (6), an integrated optical electric field sensor (7), an insulating sleeve (8), a grounding electrode (9), a polarization maintaining optical fiber (10), a voltage stabilizing variable-frequency power supply (11), an SLD light source (12), an optical signal receiver (13) and a signal processing unit (14); wherein:
the high-voltage electrode (2) and the insulating sealing plate (5) are respectively fixed at two ends of the hollow insulator (4) to complete the sealing of the hollow insulator (4); the cylindrical shielding layer (3) is arranged along the inner wall of the hollow insulator (4) in a circle;
the high-voltage electrode (2) is fixed at the top end of the hollow insulator (4), and the high-voltage electrode (2) is connected with the high-voltage wiring terminal (1) to obtain a measured voltage;
the insulation sealing plate (5) is fixed at the bottom end of the hollow insulator (4), a reference voltage electrode (6) is fixed at the bottom of the insulation sealing plate (5), and the reference voltage electrode (6) is connected with a voltage-stabilizing variable frequency power supply (11); an insulating sleeve (8) is arranged below the reference voltage electrode (6), the upper end of the insulating sleeve (8) is connected with the lower end of the insulating sealing plate (5), and the lower end of the insulating sleeve (8) is connected with a grounding electrode (9); an integrated optical electric field sensor (7) is fixed on the central axis inside the insulating sleeve (8), the integrated optical electric field sensor (7) is respectively connected with the SLD light source (12) and the optical signal receiver (13) through a polarization maintaining optical fiber (10), and the output end of the optical signal receiver (13) is connected with the signal processing unit (14).
2. The gas-insulated real-time self-calibrating broadband high voltage measurement device according to claim 1, wherein the cylindrical shielding layer (3) is a sleeve of a resistive-capacitive shielding material, and the cylindrical shielding layer (3) is coaxial with the hollow insulator (4).
3. The gas-insulated real-time self-calibrating broadband high-voltage measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the high-voltage electrode (2), the insulating sealing plate (5), the reference voltage electrode (6), the insulating sleeve (8) and the ground electrode (9) are all cylinders concentric with the hollow insulator (4).
4. The gas-insulated, real-time, self-calibrating, wideband high voltage measurement device according to claim 3, characterized in that the high voltage electrode (2), the reference voltage electrode (6), and the ground electrode (9) are all copper electrodes.
5. The gas-insulated real-time self-calibrating broadband high-voltage measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the signal processing unit (14) comprises an anti-aliasing filter (141), an A/D conversion module (142), a digital signal processing system (143) and an optoelectronic output module (144) which are connected in sequence, wherein an input end of the anti-aliasing filter (141) is connected with an output end of the optical signal receiver (13), an output end of the anti-aliasing filter (141) is connected with an input end of the A/D conversion module (142), an output end of the A/D conversion module (142) is connected with an input end of the digital signal processing system (143), and an output end of the digital signal processing system (143) is connected with the optoelectronic output module (144).
6. Gas-insulated real-time self-calibrating broadband high voltage measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that the integrated optical electric field sensor (7) is a common-path interference based integrated optical electric field sensor, x-cut z-transmission LiNbO3The wafer is used as a substrate, and a dipole antenna and an electrode are manufactured near the optical waveguide by a photoetching method.
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CN110531141A (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2019-12-03 | 国网重庆市电力公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of sub- voltage sensor system of Intelligent insulation |
CN113655262A (en) * | 2021-04-12 | 2021-11-16 | 重庆大学 | Voltage measurement self-decoupling method based on multi-dimensional equivalent capacitance calculation |
CN113655262B (en) * | 2021-04-12 | 2024-01-16 | 重庆大学 | Voltage measurement self-decoupling method based on multidimensional equivalent capacitance calculation |
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