CN102319067A - Nerve feedback training instrument used for brain memory function improvement on basis of electroencephalogram - Google Patents
Nerve feedback training instrument used for brain memory function improvement on basis of electroencephalogram Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a nerve feedback training instrument used for the brain memory function improvement on the basis of electroencephalogram. The scalp electroencephalogram collected in the brain activity process can be used for carrying out quantitative detection on the real-time state of the memory, the electroencephalogram rhythm waves presenting the memory level are shown to users to guide the users to consciously regulate the electroencephalogram rhythm waves, and the goal of improving the memory level is reached. The instrument is characterized in that firstly, an electroencephalogram collection module is used for collecting the electroencephalogram of the users under the classical memory task, and the electroencephalogram rhythm waves presenting the memory level are extracted; and then, the real-time memory state of the brain is described through an electroencephalogram analysis module and is fed back and output to the users in a striking and attractive mode. The users can directionally regulate the electroencephalogram rhythm waves according to the real-time feedback, and the goal of improving the memory is reached. The memory electroencephalogram of the users is used as the feedback signals of the system in a nerve feedback system for the first time, and the invention provides a new idea for the application direction of the nerve feedback system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of neural feedback instrument for training that the brain memory function is improved that is used for based on EEG signals; Specifically be meant online acquisition human brain scalp EEG signals and give the brain electricity analytical module; The brain electricity analytical module is according to the distribution character of user's brain wave rhythm wave component, the memory level that the real-time estimate brain is current, and through the neural feedback training; Guides user is the rhythm and pace of moving things ripple relevant with memory level in the orientation adjustment EEG signals consciously, reaches the function of improving memory.Whole process is to utilize the analyzing and processing of EEG signals; And feed back to the user to analysis result in real time; Can let the user better understand the state that characterizes the brain wave rhythm ripple of memory level in self brain, and encourage users self regulation EEG signals, reach the purpose that improves memory ability.This invention belongs to the combination in cognitive neuroscience field and signal processing technology field uses, and is the automatic control technology field.
Background technology
Neural feedback is a kind of treatment technology that results from the eighties of last century sixties, goes for a lot of fields such as body illness, psychotic mental illness, rehabilitation.Neural feedback mainly is to utilize some electronic equipments, measures neural activity situation, and selectively converts normal or unusual nervous system activity situation into vision or audible signal feeds back to the user in real time.Traditional neural feedback The Application of Technology generally adopts electrocardio, skin temperature, myoelectricity and respiratory rhythm etc. as input signal, and feedback means is also more single, and mostly audition is simple syllable, and mostly visual aspects is the traffic lights form.
The brain electric nerve feedback technique that the present invention adopts is through gathering user's EEG signals; And be transferred to computing module, through after the analysis of computing module, with the brain wave rhythm wave energy distribution of the current memory level of reflection user; Present to the user with patterned mode; Guides user is utilized the feedback signal orientation adjustment and is strengthened specific brain regions node rule signal, improves the brain wave rhythm signal that characterizes the memory level thereby reach, to reach the purpose of improving memory.
Key technology in the brain electric nerve feedback is the feedback form of presenting to the user.The quality of feedback form directly influences user's orientation adjustment brain electric nerve signal, the user participates in enthusiasm etc., thereby for the feedback training result significant effects arranged.Current neural feedback technology is mainly utilized Computer Multimedia Technology, and feedback form has nothing in common with each other, and some feedback form is vivaciously lively, especially is fit to children's is trained.But as a whole; EEG signals are a kind of very faint signals; The accurate acquisition of signal is difficult to guarantee in the nervous feedback system, and when guaranteeing that control signal reaches higher accuracy, whether feedback effects is accurately outstanding; Let the user be difficult for producing fatigue and weary mood, just be not easy more.
Brain electric nerve feedback system commonly used at present has to the insomnia scale neural feedback treating device (nerve feedback treating device of insomnia; Patent of invention, application number: 200710018070.X, publication number: CN101099670); The feedback system of the EEG signals assessment mental status is (based on the method and apparatus of brain wave signal processing system quantitatively evaluating mental states; Patent of invention, application number: 200780052261.6, publication number CN101677774) etc.
1) is used for solving insomnia scale neural feedback treating device
The nerve feedback treating device of this invention belongs to corticocerebral specific potential stimulus method.At first the electrode with the F3 of scalp top, F4, C3, four positions of C4 obtains EEG signals, and reference electrode is positioned at the ear-lobe position.Next is that the sleep cerebral electricity analytic unit carries out basic EEG signals pretreatment work to the EEG signals that obtain, and comprises filtering, baseline correction etc.Adopt the brain electricity to return the complexity value that the complexity algorithm obtains EEG signals then, the quantitative magnitude of the degree of depth of on-line prediction sleep.According to the quantitative values of Depth of sleep, generate corresponding stimulus modelity at last,, act on the stimulation that brain carries out 60 seconds through scalp electrode.
This method is utilized extraneous stimulating electrical signal cortex through electrode, and is professional more intense; The electrical signal intensity of choosing and stimulating for current potential all has strict requirement, need under professional's operation, accomplish, and need test repeatedly to guarantee to stimulate and can not cause brain damage, makes the application of this system be restricted.
2) feedback system of the EEG signals assessment mental status
The brain wave acquisition equipment collection user that this system at first utilizes U.S. G.TEC company is carrying out right-hand man's EEG signals under the imagination task that move constantly; From signal, extract the reaction left and right sides chirokinesthetic brain electrical feature composition then; Discern the motion task of the current imagination of user in view of the above; And set up computation model from EEG's Recognition user imagery motion, be used for online from the eeg data at family being discerned the type of sports of user's subjective imagination.Next through the sliding window technology; By before the model and the parameter that obtain, calculate the characteristic vector in the brain electricity, online EEG signals are classified; What the identification user imagined is left hand motion or right hand motion, and the dolly that is used to control on the screen computer moves to the left or to the right.The nervous feedback system of this system is to have made up a virtual system; With the moving of car in the virtual system of sorting result control before; Let the motion imagination result of user's direct observation oneself and the persistent period of kinestate; Make it to regulate as possible the imagination result of oneself, thereby reach the closed loop effect of neural feedback.
In order to improve the accuracy rate that the online classification of signal is imagined in motion, require the user to carry out the training of long period usually in this system, therefore, the practicality of this system receives certain influence.In addition, because bringing out of current potential of the motion imagination needs the regular hour, and the user needs the very long training time; Therefore system is easy to receive the influence of ambient brightness in use; Long-time use can cause user's fatigue, and the EEG signals active state descends, and influences the differentiation accuracy rate of system.
The present invention is directed to the improvement of memory ability, use based on the neural feedback technology of brain electricity the user is trained.The memory function of brain is one of research focus in cognitive psychology, cognitive neuroscience and the developmental psychology always.A large amount of researchs show that memory ability has irreplaceable effect in the individual cognition behavior, are the central factors of complicated cognitive behavior.Simultaneously, should see that individual memory ability training has more meaning.As can help the exceptional child of learning difficulty to break away from learning dilemma, improve school grade.In addition, in the aging of population and even the mild cognitive impairment, the big brain cognitive function decline that shows at first is exactly the degeneration of memory.At present the whole world more than 60 years old the aging population sum reached more than 600,000,000, have the aging population of more than 60 country to meet or exceed 10% of population, got into aged tendency of population society ranks.The memory cognitive competence significantly descends and can quicken people's aging problem, so help the old people to delay degeneration of cognitive function such as memory through memory training, has just proposed higher, more wide space for the application prospect of memory training.
People such as Klingberg adopt a kind of new working memory training mission that the hyperkinetic syndrome Working Memory in Children is trained.Task (Klingberg when training content comprises visual space working memory task, numerical span task, the reaction of word range task choosing; T, Forssberg, H; & Westerberg; H.Training of working memory in children with ADHD.Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 2002.24,781-791).Remove this part, memory training also has abacus mental calculation and music training etc.But these training feedback modes all belong to the feedback system in the behavior; Promptly according to performance and the score of each user in training mission; Progressively difficulty is trained in adjustment; And can not in training process, progressively adjust difficulty or give the user feedback situation, more can not give the user like brain wave rhythm ripple signal feedback with the variation of user's cerebral activity pattern.The present invention feeds back to user's brain wave rhythm ripple signal, will clearer and more definite targeting be provided to the user, and guides user is improved the brain wave rhythm ripple that cerebral activity produced relevant with memory, to reach effective purpose of improving memory ability.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to a kind of neural feedback instrument for training based on EEG signals that the brain memory function is improved that is used for, mainly is that EEG signals neural feedback technology is combined with memory training.The present invention combines the EEG signals nervous feedback system with individual brain memory training; Individual memory ability level is carried out quantitatively, objectively evaluated; Utilization is based on EEG signals neural feedback technology, and the brain wave rhythm ripple of EEG signals invading the exterior requisition family memory level is presented to the user with form online feedback suitably, and guides user is carried out autotraining; Regulate the rhythm and pace of moving things ripple relevant with hypermnesia; Reach the purpose of hypermnesis ability,, wait cognitive function to improve new training tool for improving memory for neural feedback provides new application prospect.This training method is than traditional behavior training method; Can more clearly disclose in the memory training process; The Changing Pattern of the rhythm and pace of moving things ripple of brain; Thereby guides user effectively, targeting regulates cerebral activity clearly, to produce specific brain wave rhythm ripple, for improving memory ability more effective training tool is provided.
The present invention realizes through following technical scheme:
EEG signals neural feedback instrument for training of the present invention comprises following components: the acquisition module of EEG signals, the EEG signals of online acquisition people under remember condition (mainly being short term memory); The brain electricity analytical module comprises Signal Pretreatment and two unit of memory function analysis, and the former does necessary noise reduction process to EEG signals; The latter extracts the rhythm and pace of moving things wave energy of brain, makes up the brain electrical feature that characterizes memory ability; The brain electrical feature of the sign memory level that feedback module will extract reacts to the user in a variety of forms, makes its remember condition that can see oneself intuitively, progressively adjusts, and reaches the purpose of memory training.
The present invention includes following three modules: (1) brain wave acquisition module: the electrode through being distributed on the scalp is gathered EEG signals, and through amplifying, passes to computing module after the digital-to-analogue conversion.(2) brain electricity analytical module: on computers brain electricity analytical program of operation, the signal that collects carried out basic EEG signals pretreatment after, analyze the characteristic of EEG signals under different memory tasks automatically, extract the rhythm and pace of moving things ripple relevant with memory level.(3) online feedback module: EEG signals relevant with the memory level in user's brain electricity are presented to the user with forms such as animation, music, encourage to and guide the user to pass through strategies such as meditation, towards the direction adjustment EEG signals that improve memory.
In actual use, the neural feedback instrument for training based on EEG signals that is used for the improvement of brain memory function involved in the present invention includes training and feeds back two stages.Before first the use, suitably training, the indication user accomplishes certain memory tasks, carries out the one-back experiment, promptly lets the user judge whether the current picture of seeing is identical with the preceding picture of once being seen, gathers user's eeg data simultaneously.Utilizing the eeg data of training stage collection, can analysis user main difference of EEG signals under different remember conditions be what, extracts the brain wave rhythm ripple signal that those can characterize memory ability.At feedback stage; The user is presented in the determined brain wave rhythm wave energy relevant with user's memory ability distribution of training stage, let the user can understand own current memory state, and the Energy distribution of online adjustment brain wave rhythm ripple; To form positive feedback, reach the purpose of improving memory.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1: system of the present invention constitutes sketch map
Fig. 2: flow chart of data processing sketch map of the present invention
Fig. 3: electrode for encephalograms position view
Fig. 4: memory tasks experiment flow figure
The corresponding sketch map of Fig. 5: brain wave rhythm ripple---state of consciousness
The specific embodiment
Fig. 1 is that the system based on the neural feedback instrument for training of EEG signals that is used for that the brain memory function improves constitutes sketch map.
System of the present invention mainly includes: brain wave acquisition module, electroencephalogramsignal signal analyzing module, online feedback module are formed.
The brain wave acquisition module: adopt 64 ActiveTwo electroencephalographs of Dutch Biosemi company to obtain users' EEG signals, the ActiveTwo electroencephalograph can detect the current potential of scalp surface through being attached to electrode on the scalp.Because the EEG signals in the collection of scalp diverse location have bigger difference; Relevant brain district mainly concentrates on frontal lobe, prefrontal lobe with memory; So the electrode that the present invention mainly pays close attention to concentrates on positions such as Fz in the international 10-20 lead system of brain electric data collecting, FCz, C3, C4, F3, F4, distribution of electrodes is as shown in Figure 3.The EEG signals of these electrode collections are given the brain electricity analytical module after amplifying mould/number conversion.
The brain electricity analytical module: through operation program on computers, automatically EEG signals are analyzed, it comprises three functions: (1) pretreatment is carried out noise reduction to EEG signals; (2) training stage and the extraction of remembering relevant brain wave rhythm wave component; (3) application stage is based on the memory level of electroencephalogramsignal signal analyzing brain.(1) pretreatment stage mainly adopts methods such as airspace filter, LPF, baseline rectification to remove the eye electricity, brains such as power frequency interference electricity artefact.Wherein the purpose of filtering is to remove the noise of high frequency, adopts the FIR band filter, and cut-off frequency is the 0.05-40 hertz; In EEG measuring; Nictation, ocular movement are difficult to avoid; These motions have changed the Electric Field Distribution of around eyes, thereby have changed the Electric Field Distribution of scalp surface, when being picked up by the scalp electrode, have just formed the eye movement artefact; The present invention adopts independent component analysis (ICA) method, and independently eye movement signal source is separated and removed.(2) training stage, the main task of brain electricity analytical module is to confirm the brain wave rhythm ripple relevant with memory.Recent study shows that brain wave and state of consciousness have substantial connection, according to the difference of frequency, can be divided into a plurality of wave bands (rhythm and pace of moving things ripple) and represent brain to be in the different consciousness state respectively, specifically sees Fig. 5.Through comparing the performance of user under different memory tasks and the relation of EEG signals; Analyze common brain wave rhythm ripple (the θ ripple of 4-7 hertz, the α ripple of 8-12 hertz, the SMR ripple of 12-15 hertz; The low β ripple of 13-20 hertz, the high β ripple of 20-30 hertz) Energy distribution.The memory tasks here adopts the one-back experimental paradigm, and whether require the user to observe current stimulation identical with preceding 1 stimulation, and the task type here adopts the figure coupling.Require the user to judge whether two stimulations are same figure, and no matter their position of appearing.Under the memory tasks during brain wave acquisition each picture to present the persistent period be 1500 milliseconds, at interval 6000 milliseconds then, subsequently, present 1500 milliseconds of pictures again, require to be judged by examination whether this pictures is previous picture.The sample frequency of brain wave acquisition is 250 hertz.Idiographic flow is with reference to Fig. 4.(3) application stage; Calculating rhythm and pace of moving things wave energy relevant with memory in the eeg data distributes; And the characteristic of EEG signals in the different cerebral electricity acquisition channel; According to the training stage brain wave characteristic relevant with memory to the user sought, the coherence's index between the rhythm and pace of moving things ripple between the especially different electrode EEG signals is to the quantitative evaluation and the prediction of the current memory function of user's brain.Brain electricity coherence is a kind of non-invasive technology of functional cohesion between research brain zones of different; Reflect on a certain frequency range, the fluctuate consistent degree of form of paired signal; Can reflect the contact degree between the cerebral cortex of corresponding site indirectly, computing formula is following:
P in the formula
Xy(w) be the crosspower spectrum of two signals, P
Xx(w) and P
Yy(w) be respectively the autopower spectral density of two signals.Coherent value between two EEG signals is big more, explains that both active synchronization degree are high more, points out two signals to interdepend, the degree of contact is strong more each other.This coherence between each rhythm and pace of moving things ripple of EEG signals; Reacted the cognitive function state of brain; Input is set up the training stage as characteristic vector based on SVMs (SVM with the coherence between rhythm and pace of moving things wave energy value and the electrode; Support Vector Machine) memory level computation model can be according to EEG signals prediction and evaluation user's current memory level.
Feedback module: present to the user in time with the relevant specific component of memory in the EEG signals that the user is current; As the mode of employing block diagram and bar diagram; Feed back to the user together with the current memory ability of the user who obtains according to the SVM algorithm or the like information; And prompting and encourage users adjusting brain electricity composition, promote the memory state.Feedback module can show a lovely panda, and when effectively regulating cognitive competence such as brain memory as the user, the expression prompting user who has a smile refuels; Otherwise, dejected expression appears, and the user can understand feedback information better like this; Feed back the effect of training for promotion effectively.
Claims (4)
1. be used for the neural feedback instrument for training based on EEG signals that the brain memory function is improved, the characteristic of this cover system comprises:
(1) brain wave acquisition module: the electrode through being distributed on the scalp is gathered EEG signals, collects the EEG signals of brain under remember condition, and to after the signal processing such as do that amplifications, A-D are changed, with store in computer.
(2) brain electricity analytical module: on computers brain electricity analytical program of operation, the signal that collects carried out basic EEG signals pretreatment after, analyze the EEG signals characteristic under different remember conditions automatically, extract the rhythm and pace of moving things ripple relevant with memory level.
(3) online feedback module: EEG signals relevant with the memory level in user's brain electricity are presented to the user with forms such as animation, music, encourage to and guide the user to pass through strategies such as meditation, towards the direction adjustment EEG signals that improve memory.
2. the neural feedback instrument for training that is used for the improvement of brain memory function as claimed in claim 1 based on EEG signals; Its brain wave acquisition module characteristic comprises: the scalp electrode of leading, scalp electrode only need be installed near the brain district frontal lobe relevant with memory function, the prefrontal lobe more.
3. the neural feedback instrument for training that is used for the improvement of brain memory function as claimed in claim 1 based on EEG signals, its brain electricity analytical module comprises: the EEG signals pretreatment unit, carry out pretreatment such as basic baseline calibration, filtering to EEG signals; The memory function analytic unit calculates coherence between corresponding rhythm and pace of moving things wave energy and the specific brain regions district jointly as characteristic, with SVMs constructive memory computation model, utilizes EEG signals prediction memory ability.
4. the neural feedback instrument for training that is used for the improvement of brain memory function as claimed in claim 1 based on EEG signals; Its online feedback module is characterised in that, comprising: obtain remember condition at this moment according to model before and instant EEG signals, brain wave rhythm wave energy that will be relevant with ability distributes and presents to the user; Let the user can understand own current memory state; And the Energy distribution of online adjustment brain wave rhythm ripple, to form positive feedback, reach the purpose of improving memory.
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