CN108919947A - A kind of brain machine interface system realized by visual evoked potential and method - Google Patents
A kind of brain machine interface system realized by visual evoked potential and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of brain machine interface system realized by visual evoked potential and methods, including：The stimulus with different motion speed and/or different motion direction is generated respectively；Acquisition user passes through the EEG signals comprising directional information and/or velocity information generated in IVB layers of brain when the goal stimulus source in the multiple stimulus of visual perception；EEG signals are pre-processed；The energy for calculating EEG signals obtains the direction of motion of stimulus, and calculates the frequency of EEG signals, obtains the movement velocity of stimulus, determines goal stimulus source；Corresponding with goal stimulus source control signal is exported, the external control devices of user can be assisted with driving to realize target that user wishes to reach.The present invention improves the judgement precision in goal stimulus source, provides enough identification targets for control to external equipment, for brain function is normal and patient that the functions such as language, movement are impaired provides the approach with extraneous progress communication exchange.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to medical information Intelligent treatment technical fields, more particularly, to one kind based on the direction of motion and movement speed
The brain machine interface system realized by visual evoked potential and method of degree.
Background technique
It based on control system of the brain electricity to the vision induced response of the direction of motion is set in human brain and computer or other electronics
EEG signals are directly translated into control signal by this channel by the direct exchange established between standby and control channel, with
Idea or the external control equipment of manipulation are expressed by human brain, do not need the movement by language or limbs.This system with it is general
Logical man-machine interface main difference is that, the former does not need any kind of muscle response, it is only necessary to which directly detection reaction is big
The movable signal of responsiveness or purpose of brain.
In the prior art, realize that the relatively straightforward method of view-based access control model induced response control system has：
One, the stable state vision inducting method based on frequency is utilized
When human eye watches the visual stimulus greater than 4Hz attentively, brain will be induced and generate stable state vision inducting signal.The signal
With stimulus fundamental frequency having the same and harmonic frequency.Therefore the signal frequency that analysis brain generates after inducing can determine whether out to be tested
The frequency of person's eye gaze.Different frequency optical stimulus signal is assigned in experiment with different meanings, i.e., it can be inferred that subject is specific
Demand.
Two, the vision induced method based on P300 is utilized
P300 is a kind of event related potential, after peak value is present approximately in event generation 300ms, what dependent event occurred
Probability is smaller, and caused P300 is more significant.The study found that P300 is a kind of endogenous component, its not stimulated physical characteristic
Influence, it is related with the consciousness of people or cognitive psychological activity and close with the process such as the attention, memory, intelligence of people
It is related.Therefore, the visual stimulus target at corresponding moment, the target can be found by the time that detection EEG signals peak value occurs
It is thought target in people's brain.
Three, the vision induced method based on N200 is utilized
N200 refers to the current potential suppression after 200ms occurs in stimulation, is related to the processing of morphology, and word is presented in visual channel
Remittance can induce N200, and duplicate enhancing phenomenon.Therefore the research that can be used for word form processing cognitive process can also divide
System Discrimination and peripheral equipment control after class identification.
Since EEG signals amplitude is small, signal-to-noise ratio is low, and vulnerable to interference, therefore, it is difficult to reach the correct of very high object judgement
Rate and the response of faster EEG signals and processing speed.Although there has been maturation in stable state vision inducting field by years development
Research, classification accuracy rate also improves a lot, but the frequency of existing brain-computer interface technology such as stable state vision inducting system
Rate resolution ratio is lower, causes limited for the number of frequencies of induction in limited induction frequency range, it is difficult to be suitable for instruction
The more occasion of quantitative requirement.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the embodiment of the invention provides one kind for being realized by visual evoked potential
The method of brain-computer interface, includes the following steps：Multiple visual stimulators are controlled to be generated respectively with different motion speed and/or not
With the stimulus of the direction of motion, so that each stimulus is with certain movement velocity along defined direction of motion shuttling movement；
Acquisition user includes directional information by what is generated in IVB layer of brain when goal stimulus source in the multiple stimulus of visual perception
And/or the EEG signals of velocity information；The EEG signals are pre-processed；The energy for calculating EEG signals, is stimulated
The direction of motion in source, and the frequency of EEG signals is calculated, the movement velocity of stimulus is obtained, determines the goal stimulus source；
Control signal corresponding with the goal stimulus source is exported, the external control devices of user can be assisted to realize user with driving
Wish the target reached.
Preferably, calculate EEG signals energy, obtain further comprise in the direction of motion step of stimulus：It will
The amplitude curve of the EEG signals makees integral operation, obtains the energy of the corresponding EEG signals；According to the brain telecommunications
Number energy determine the direction of motion in the goal stimulus source using preset energy and direction of motion relationship library.
Preferably, calculate EEG signals frequency, obtain further comprise in the movement velocity step of stimulus：It will
The EEG signals carry out frequency domain conversion process, obtain the frequency of the corresponding EEG signals；According to the EEG signals
Frequency determines the movement velocity in the goal stimulus source using preset frequency and movement velocity relationship library.
Preferably, generating respectively in the multiple visual stimulators of control has different motion speed and/or different motion direction
Stimulus step in, the direction of motion of stimulus is defined as any straight line side in each visual stimulator region
To.
Preferably, generating respectively in the multiple visual stimulators of control has different motion speed and/or different motion direction
Stimulus step in, the movement velocity of stimulus is defined as in the range of 0~24L per second, wherein L indicates each stimulation
Movement length of the source in corresponding visual stimulator region.
Preferably, generating respectively in the multiple visual stimulators of control has different motion speed and/or different motion direction
Stimulus step in, further include：Edit several stimulation source datas, wherein the stimulation source data packet includes：Stimulate source movement
Directioin parameter and stimulus movement velocity parameter；The corresponding stimulation source data is distributed to each visual stimulator.
Preferably, in exporting control signals step corresponding with the goal stimulus source, further include：According to the target
The corresponding coding of stimulus determines control corresponding with the goal stimulus source using preset stimulus and calibration information relationship
Signal processed, wherein the calibration information includes the control signal.
According to another aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a kind of brain for realizing by visual evoked potential is additionally provided
Machine interface system, the system include：Module occurs for stimulation, has multiple visual stimulators, for controlling the multiple vision
Stimulator generates the stimulus with different motion speed and/or different motion direction respectively, so that each stimulus is with one
Fixed movement velocity is along defined direction of motion shuttling movement；Electrode is mounted on IVB layers of user's brain, for acquiring user
Pass through the brain telecommunications comprising directional information and/or velocity information generated when goal stimulus source in the multiple stimulus of visual perception
Number；Preprocessing module pre-processes the EEG signals；Analysis module is connect with the preprocessing module, is calculated
The energy of EEG signals obtains the direction of motion of stimulus, and calculates the frequency of EEG signals, obtains the movement speed of stimulus
Degree, determines the goal stimulus source, further output control signal corresponding with the goal stimulus source, can be assisted with driving
The external control devices of user realize target that user wishes to reach.
Preferably, the analysis module includes：Energy spectrometer unit, the amplitude curve of the EEG signals is integrated
Operation obtains the energy of the corresponding EEG signals, and according to the energy of the EEG signals, utilizes preset energy and fortune
Dynamic direction relations library, determines the direction of motion in the goal stimulus source.
Preferably, the analysis module further comprises：The EEG signals are carried out frequency domain and turned by frequency analysis unit
Change processing, obtain the frequency of the corresponding EEG signals, and according to the frequency of the EEG signals, using preset frequency with
Movement velocity relationship library determines the movement velocity in the goal stimulus source.
Compared with prior art, one or more embodiments in above scheme can have following advantage or beneficial to effect
Fruit：
The invention proposes a kind of brain machine interface system realized by visual evoked potential and methods, not only increase
The accuracy of object judgement, the rate of information transmission of system and signal processing efficiency, and it is capable of providing enough identification mesh
It marks for being exchanged and control to external equipment with extraneous, is the disease that brain function is normal and the functions such as language, movement are impaired
People provides a kind of approach with extraneous progress communication exchange and control.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will be illustrated in the following description, also, partly becomes from specification
It obtains it is clear that understand through the implementation of the invention.The objectives and other advantages of the invention can be by specification, right
Specifically noted structure is achieved and obtained in claim and attached drawing.
Detailed description of the invention
Attached drawing is used to provide further understanding of the present invention, and constitutes part of specification, with reality of the invention
It applies example and is used together to explain the present invention, be not construed as limiting the invention.In the accompanying drawings：
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the brain machine interface system for being realized by visual evoked potential of the embodiment of the present application
Figure.
Fig. 2 is analysis module in the brain machine interface system for being realized by visual evoked potential of the embodiment of the present application
13 structural block diagram.
Fig. 3 is that the brain machine interface system for being realized by visual evoked potential of the embodiment of the present application is collecting brain
Signal processing flow figure after electric signal.
Fig. 4 is the stimulus fortune of the brain machine interface system for being realized by visual evoked potential of the embodiment of the present application
Dynamic direction (from left to right) and electric potential signal correspondence diagram.
Fig. 5 is the stimulus fortune of the brain machine interface system for being realized by visual evoked potential of the embodiment of the present application
Dynamic direction (right-to-left) and electric potential signal correspondence diagram.
Fig. 6 is that the stimulus of the brain machine interface system for being realized by visual evoked potential of the embodiment of the present application follows
Ring stimulation and electric potential signal correspondence diagram.
Fig. 7 is that electrode 11 is pacified in the brain machine interface system for being realized by visual evoked potential of the embodiment of the present application
Holding position schematic diagram.
The step of Fig. 8 is the method for being used to realize brain-computer interface by visual evoked potential of the embodiment of the present application figure.
Specific embodiment
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, how to apply to the present invention whereby
Technological means solves technical problem, and the realization process for reaching technical effect can fully understand and implement.It needs to illustrate
As long as not constituting conflict, each feature in each embodiment and each embodiment in the present invention can be combined with each other,
It is within the scope of the present invention to be formed by technical solution.
In actual application, since EEG signals amplitude is small, signal-to-noise ratio is low, and vulnerable to interference, therefore, it is difficult to reach very
The accuracy of high object judgement and the response of faster EEG signals and processing speed.Although by years development, stable state vision
There has been mature research in induction field, and classification accuracy rate also improves a lot, but existing brain-computer interface technology is for example steady
The frequency resolution of the vision induced system of state is lower, causes to have in limited induction frequency range for the number of frequencies of induction
Limit, it is difficult to more occasion is required suitable for instruction number.
Therefore, the embodiment of the present application proposes a kind of visual evoked potential brain machine interface system and its implementation.It is this
System induces the visual stimulus ginseng that joined the direction of motion in range in frequency by a kind of preset stable state vision stimulating method
It considers, on the basis of original frequency reference amount corresponding identification destination number, provides more identification targets, also set up
The relationship and brain wave frequency of EEG signals energy and the direction of motion and the relationship of movement velocity, enable brain machine interface system to have
Effect quickly determines the goal stimulus source that acquisition target (user or subject) is watched attentively.Further, it is based on preset stimulation
The corresponding relationship in source and calibration information sends to external control devices and the equipment is driven to realize that user wishes the control of the target reached
Information processed, for brain function is normal and patient that the functions such as language, movement are impaired provide it is a kind of with it is extraneous carry out communication exchange and
The approach of control.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the brain machine interface system for being realized by visual evoked potential of the embodiment of the present application
Figure.As shown in Figure 1, the interface system, which has stimulation, occurs module 14, electrode 11, preprocessing module 12 and analysis module 13.
Wherein, stimulation generation module 14 has several visual stimulators (141,142 ... 14X) for being in same induction interface, is used for
It controls multiple visual stimulators (141,142 ... 14X) and generates the thorn with different motion speed and/or different motion direction respectively
Stimulus, so that each stimulus is with certain movement velocity along defined direction of motion shuttling movement.Electrode 11 is mounted on use
Brain IVB layers of family, acquisition user include directional information by what is generated when goal stimulus source in the multiple stimulus of visual perception
And/or the EEG signals of velocity information.Preprocessing module 12 carries out collected EEG signals to include amplification, modulus turn respectively
The pretreatment work changed.Analysis module 13 is connect with preprocessing module 12, calculates the energy of EEG signals, obtains the fortune of stimulus
Dynamic direction, and the frequency of EEG signals is calculated, the movement velocity of stimulus is obtained, determines goal stimulus source, is further exported
Control signal corresponding with goal stimulus source can assist the external control devices of user with driving to realize that user wishes to reach
Target.
Each component part of visual evoked potential brain machine interface system is described in detail below.
It is illustrated firstly, module 14 occurs to stimulation.Stimulation occur module 14 include several visual stimulators (141,
142 ... 14X) and controller (not shown).Multiple visual stimulators (141,142 ... 14X) are mounted on same vision induced boundary
On face, meanwhile, vision induced interface is placed on user's vision place in one's power.Each visual stimulator 14X can obtain controller
The stimulation source data for different visual stimulators (141,142 ... 14X) of distribution, under the control of stimulation source data accordingly
So that each visual stimulator 14X can generate the stimulation with different motion direction and/or movement velocity in affiliated area
Source, further, so that each stimulus 14X is with certain movement velocity along defined direction of motion shuttling movement.In addition, each
Visual stimulator 14X assigns a corresponding calibration information, and (in this example, each visual stimulator respectively corresponds a representative and uses
Family can mobile direction information), and be stored in analysis mould using this corresponding relationship as stimulus and calibration information relationship
In block 13.It should be noted that the type of each visual stimulator 14X includes LED running lamp, by the light source of moving component carrying
With one of the moving light source generated by screen, the application is not especially limited this, and those skilled in the art can be according to reality
Border situation is selected.In this example, need the direction advanced as a specific example of calibration information user.
Specifically, each visual stimulator 14X can get corresponding stimulation source data from controller, and control is each
The stimulus for the stimulus Data Matching for generating and getting in the region visual stimulator 14X.Wherein, source data is stimulated
Including：Stimulus form parameter, stimulus direction of motion parameter and stimulus movement velocity parameter etc..Below for stimulus number
According to there is several points to need to illustrate：The first, the direction of motion of stimulus is defined as any straight in corresponding visual stimulator region
Line single direction (such as：From left to right, from up to down, right-to-left, from lower-left to upper right etc.), which is preferably located at phase
The middle part of visual stimulator region is answered to distinguish the stimulus of different zones in order to user.The second, the movement speed of stimulus
Degree is arranged in the range of 0~24L per second, and can adjust.Under the movement velocity of this range, so that user saw
It is the stimulus of continuous moving, is not in dodge frequency state to influence subject, that is to say, that will not be because of the persistence of vision of user
Phenomenon interference experiment.Wherein, L indicates stimulus in the movement length in corresponding visual stimulator 14X affiliated area internal stimulus source.The
Three, in order not to cause excessive interference to user, the stimulus of each visual stimulator 14X is shaped to shape of the same race, and
And its size can be seen clearly with user for principle.In this example, it is erected using to user is optimal to stimulation reflection parallel with vertical pivot
The stimulus shape of bar shaped, the application are not especially limited this.
Next, being illustrated to controller.Controller is connect with each visual stimulator 14X, can edit several
Source data is stimulated, gives each visual stimulator 14X distribution the corresponding stimulation source data that editor completes in advance, to control each view
Feel that stimulator 14X provides vision induced operation (so that user's fixation object stimulates for user according to corresponding stimulation source data
Source).In addition, controller is received by analysis module 13 behind the goal stimulus source that analysis module 13 finally determines that user watches attentively
The stimulation END instruction of transmission is sent to each visual stimulator 14X after the instruction is identified and converted, prompt to have analyzed
It is final vision induced out as a result, stopping the output of stimulation source data, to complete visual stimulus process.It should be noted that
Controller, which can be divided into several units and be integrated in each visual stimulator 14X, to be controlled, and also can integrate in a device,
The application is not especially limited the structure of controller.
Furthermore, in controller editor's stimulus data procedures, firstly, controller obtains editor's stimulation respectively
The basic parameter of source data：Different stimulus direction of motion parameter, different stimulus movement velocity parameters and stimulus
Form parameter.Then, multiple visual stimulators (141,142 ... 14X) are divided into several groups, wherein every group includes at least one
Visual stimulator 14X.Then, above-mentioned basic parameter is respectively written into preset stimulus data format according to group result
In, complete the editing of stimulation source data.
(one embodiment) when the demand that target induces quantity is smaller, above-mentioned stimulation source data can only assign each
Stimulus is with the different direction of motion or different movement velocitys.But this side that stimulation movement is defined merely with single parameter
Method, so that the interval of setup parameter can be gradually reduced, due to the difference of user's individual difference, is used when stimulus gradually increases
Family is insensitive to the response of the lesser stimulation of this interval difference, accordingly, it is considered to arrive such case, the invention proposes by the two into
The setting method that row combines.In addition, above-mentioned will stimulate source data only with the different stimulus direction of motion or only with different
Stimulus movement velocity area method for distinguishing, also within protection scope of the present invention, this kind of method are smaller in induction destination number
When, still there is good effect of stimulation for a user, so that analysis module 13 obtains ideal EEG signals.
(second embodiment), can be according to stimulus movement velocity in the more situation of quantity required of visual stimulator
Two-dimensional combination relationship with the stimulus direction of motion is that each visual stimulator 14X distributes different stimulation source datas.Specifically,
Every group of visual stimulator is distributed to different direction of motion parameters, and distributes same group of visual stimulator to different movement velocitys and joins
Number, wherein each visual stimulator 14X in same group is configured with identical direction of motion information.That is, will have been set to
The movement velocity of the stimulus of the same direction of motion carries out different designs, to guarantee the stimulus fortune in each stimulation source data
At least one parameter is different from the stimulation source data of other visual stimulators in dynamic direction and stimulus movement velocity.Therefore,
Using the stimulus of calibration different motion speed and different motion direction, to provide a large amount of induction targets, to increase user
Azimuth information selection quantity, avoid because only calibration single parameter when bring error.
With reference to Fig. 1, in this example, the electrode 11 in visual evoked potential brain machine interface system is used to pass through vision in user
Representing target information in the multiple stimulus of induction perception, (calibration information that user realizes hope is watched attentively as target information
Stimulus corresponding to respective objects information) goal stimulus source when, acquisition brain IVB layer in generate include directional information
And/or the EEG signals of velocity information.Specifically, by electro physiology it is demonstrated experimentally that the IV α confluent monolayer cells of brain striate cortex have
Direction selection, IV α confluent monolayer cells are projected to IVB layers upwards, IVB layers of cell are made equally to have direction selection.It therefore, can be with
By the energy for the EEG signals that IVB layers of record of cell generates, the side that user corresponds to the object of which movement of eye gaze is extrapolated
To.
In this example, electrode collection terminal is placed in the IVB layer of brain striate cortex, position using intrusive electrode by electrode 11
It sets and covers the regions such as PO7, PO8, O1, O2, Oz, PO3, PO4, POz, watch the stimulus for representing target information (orientation) attentively in user
When, directly acquire the EEG signals that there is the cell of direction selection to generate.Fig. 7 is the embodiment of the present application for passing through vision
Evoked ptential is come 11 schematic view of the mounting position of electrode in the brain machine interface system realized.As shown in fig. 7, the area in figure at thick lines
The installation site of domain representation electrode 11.
In addition, these cells with direction selection are best to the reflection of slit striation or the filaments of sun along its long axis, and
Very weak irritating to the stimulation perpendicular to its long axis, therefore, in this example, the optimum shape parameter of stimulus is set
It is set to (perpendicular) strip light stimulus, so that user keeps optimal response effect to Current vision stimulation.When people need to convey
A certain instruction or when executing a certain operation, needs to watch attentively the corresponding stimulus of the operation.It is generated due to different directions light stimulus
Energy is different, can just may know that the light stimulus that people watch attentively by the EEG signals energy told in the set time in this way
It is moved along which direction.
Preprocessing module 12 is between electrode 11 and analysis module 13, including signal amplification unit (not shown) and A/D
Converting unit (not shown).Specifically, (with reference to Fig. 3) since collected EEG signals are very faint, carrying out signal
Identification before collected EEG signals must be amplified processing.Signal amplification unit is connect with electrode 11, can will be adopted
The EEG signals collected amplify, wherein need for the gain ranging of signal amplification unit to be designed as 1000~4000, and
Its free transmission range is 1~50Hz, to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of EEG signals.In addition, A/D converting unit amplifies list with signal respectively
Member and analysis module 13 connect, and carry out analog-to-digital conversion process, the brain for the simulation that will acquire to above-mentioned amplified EEG signals
Electric signal is converted into the EEG signals of number, then, is sent to feature extraction and sorter that analysis module 13 carries out next step
Make.Wherein, analysis module 13 can be analyzed using the processor for having the devices such as MCU, CPU or DSP, and the present invention is to analysis
The form of module 13 is not especially limited.
Fig. 2 is analysis module in the brain machine interface system for being realized by visual evoked potential of the embodiment of the present application
13 structural block diagram.As shown in Fig. 2, analysis module 13 includes filter unit 131, energy spectrometer unit 132, frequency analysis unit
133, target searching unit 134 and result output unit 135.Fig. 3 is the embodiment of the present application for passing through visual evoked potential
Come the signal processing flow figure of the brain machine interface system realized after collecting EEG signals.Below with reference to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 to analysis
The composition and signal processing of module 13 are described in detail.
Filter unit 131 is connect with above-mentioned A/D converting unit, needs to first pass through filter unit 131 for above-mentioned by pre- place
EEG signals after reason carry out digital filtering processing, filter out dry including Hz noise, muscle action potential interference and baseline drift
The interference component disturbed obtains EEG signals to be analyzed.
Energy spectrometer unit 132 obtains the EEG signals to be analyzed obtained from filter unit 131, by the width of the signal
Line of writing music carries out integral operation, calculates the energy of corresponding EEG signals, and according to the energy of EEG signals, utilization is preset
Energy and direction of motion relationship library, determine the direction of motion in goal stimulus source.Fig. 4 is the embodiment of the present application for passing through vision
Evoked ptential is come the stimulus direction of motion (from left to right) and the signal of electric potential signal corresponding relationship of the brain machine interface system realized
Figure.Fig. 5 is the stimulation source movement side of the brain machine interface system for being realized by visual evoked potential of the embodiment of the present application
To (right-to-left) and electric potential signal correspondence diagram.Wherein, the black portions of Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 indicate visual stimulator 14X
Affiliated area, the lower half portion Fig. 4 indicate the EEG signals of user when stimulus (movement light stimulus) moves from left to right, under Fig. 5
Half portion indicates the EEG signals of user when stimulus (movement light stimulus) moves from right to left.It can be seen that from Fig. 4 and Fig. 5
User's EEG signals generated for the stimulus in different motion direction are different, correspondingly, the energy of EEG signals
It is different.Therefore, we can judge the direction of motion for the visual stimulus that user is watched attentively by the energy of EEG signals.
Since directional information is lain among the energy of EEG signals, energy information is needed to EEG signals width in order to obtain
Line of writing music does integral transformation.Within the limited time, the energy of signal is limited, and meets absolute integrable condition, and utilize
The energy of following expression expression EEG signals：
In formula, v (t) indicates that the amplitude curve of brain electricity range signal to be analyzed, t indicate that stimulus is completed single and completely pierced
Swash the time used, E indicates the energy of EEG signals.
Energy spectrometer unit 132 is stored with energy and direction of motion relationship library, when establishing the relationship library, needs to allow different realities
Test the stimulation movement that object experiences the various stimulus directions of motion.Specifically, it is desirable that experimental subjects is repeatedly watched attentively along a direction
The stimulus of movement records corresponding EEG signals respectively, while calculating the energy of corresponding EEG signals, will be repeatedly real
After the energy accumulation of the EEG signals obtained after testing is average, the energy of the corresponding EEG signals of the direction is obtained.Then, to difference
The visual stimulus source of the direction of motion repeats the process, further obtains corresponding EEG signals energy under every kind of stimulus direction of motion
The range of amount, to complete the building of energy Yu direction of motion relationship library.It calculates in energy spectrometer unit 132 when forebrain telecommunications
Number energy after, above-mentioned energy and direction of motion relationship library, the movement in directly corresponding corresponding goal stimulus source out can be utilized
Direction, and the direction and/or coding corresponding with the direction are sent in target searching unit 134.
Then, frequency analysis unit 133 is illustrated.Fig. 6 is the embodiment of the present application for passing through vision induced electricity
Position is come the stimulation of stimulus circulation and electric potential signal correspondence diagram of the brain machine interface system realized.As shown in fig. 6, working as certain
Stimulus in one visual stimulator 14X cycles through visual experience open country (position that user watches attentively) with preset fixed speed
When, the EEG signals occurred with certain frequency will be induced.Therefore, it can be extrapolated by judging the frequency of evoked brain potential
The source stimulating watched attentively is to be moved with what kind of speed, and then know that user wants the instruction conveyed or the behaviour wished to carry out
Make.
Specifically, the EEG signals to be analyzed after being filtered are carried out time-frequency domain turn by frequency analysis unit 133
Processing is changed, using the frequency occurred at the maximum amplitude value in brain electricity frequency domain-amplitude curve function as the frequency of EEG signals, into
One step determines the movement speed in goal stimulus source using preset frequency and movement velocity relationship library according to the frequency of EEG signals
Degree, and the velocity amplitude and/or coding corresponding with the velocity amplitude are sent in target searching unit 134.Wherein, stimulus
Movement velocity is faster, and the frequency of the EEG signals induced is higher.It should be noted that frequency analysis unit 134 is stored with
Frequency and movement velocity relationship library.Frequency and movement velocity relationship library need to make the impression of different experiments object different in building
The stimulation of stimulus movement velocity acts.Specifically, experimental subjects is required repeatedly to watch movement but movement velocity in the same direction attentively
Different visual stimulus sources, records the frequency for the EEG signals that different motion speed induces respectively, to obtain every kind of stimulation
The range of corresponding EEG signals frequency under source movement speed, to complete the building of frequency Yu direction of motion relationship library.
After the direction of motion and/or movement velocity of stimulus has been determined, target searching unit 134 obtains corresponding volume
Code, from pre-set stimulus Relation Parameters list, finds out corresponding stimulus, which is user's note
Depending on representative target information goal stimulus source, and the coding in goal stimulus source is sent in result output unit 135.Target
Searching unit 134 is stored with stimulus Relation Parameters list, and it is corresponding which induces each visual stimulator 14X in interface
Stimulus movement velocity parameter (coding) and direction of motion parameter (coding).
Finally, being illustrated to result output unit 135.As a result output unit 135 has preset stimulus and calibration
The number of information relationship, stimulus and calibration information relationship is according to the quantity of visual stimulator, the quantity of experimenter's demand target
Etc. factors set, assign each visual stimulator 14X to the information of target that different users wants to realize and (demarcate
With the information of different meanings corresponding to each stimulus, this information with different meanings is calibration information, Neng Goutong
The goal stimulus source after determining user's visual perception is crossed, user corresponding with goal stimulus source is exported and wants the meaning realized).?
As a result when output module 135 receives coding corresponding to the goal stimulus source that above-mentioned target query unit 134 is sent, the module
135, using preset stimulus and calibration information relationship, determine control signal corresponding with goal stimulus source, export goal stimulus
The corresponding control signal of source code realizes that user wishes to drive the external control devices connecting with result output unit 135
Reach target (such as：Driving wheelchair equipment wishes that the target direction to advance is mobile to user).Wherein, in this example, it demarcates
Information includes control signal, i.e., the particular content of calibration information is indicated using control signal.In addition, result output unit 135 is also
It can be connect with external devices, the information for being included of defined stimulus and calibration information relationship is changed,
Increase or deletes.
It should be noted that above-mentioned calibration information is defined as any one possibility information in same type implementation information,
Wherein, implementation information can indicate direction of motion class, activities of daily life class and daily life class of languages of user etc. wherein
One category information.In this example, by the direction of motion category information of user (directions for all desired advances that user needs) as real
Apply a specific example of information, wherein it is various can mobile direction be different calibration informations, in user's selection wherein one
When kind represents direction that it currently wishes to advance, using the direction as target (target direction).
In addition, the invention also provides a kind of methods for visual evoked potential brain-computer interface.Fig. 8 is the application implementation
Example for realized by visual evoked potential brain-computer interface method the step of figure.As shown in figure 8, this method includes as follows
Step：Firstly, editing several includes stimulus direction of motion parameter and stimulus movement velocity parameter in step S810
Source data is stimulated, then then controls multiple visual stimulators to the corresponding stimulation source data of each visual stimulator 14X distribution
(141,142 ... 14X) generates the stimulus with different motion speed and/or different motion direction respectively, so that each thorn
Stimulus is with certain movement velocity along defined direction of motion shuttling movement.Specifically, the direction of motion of stimulus is defined as
Any rectilinear direction in the affiliated area of visual stimulator 14X.The movement velocity of stimulus is defined as 0~24L's per second
In range, wherein L indicates movement length of the stimulus in visual stimulator 14X affiliated area.
Then, it enters in step S820, is watched attentively in several stimulus for generating visual stimulus in user and represent target letter
When the goal stimulus source of breath, by the electrode 11 for the IVB layer being mounted in user's brain striate cortex, acquisition includes directional information
And/or the EEG signals of velocity information.Then, it enters in step S830, it is using preprocessing module 12 that collected brain is electric
Signal amplifies respectively, the pretreatment work of analog-to-digital conversion.
Finally, (step S840) analysis module 13 calculates the energy of EEG signals, the direction of motion of stimulus is obtained, and
The frequency for calculating EEG signals, obtains the movement velocity of stimulus, determines goal stimulus source, further output and goal stimulus source
The control signal of the corresponding information of spotting, to utilize above-mentioned control signal, driving can assist the external control of user
Equipment realizes target that acquisition target wishes to reach.Specifically, in step S840, by above-mentioned by pretreated brain electricity
Signal first carries out filtering out the processing work of interference component, to be analyzed and processed.The amplitude for the EEG signals being analysed to again is bent
Line makees integral operation, obtains the energy of corresponding EEG signals, and according to the energy of EEG signals, utilizes preset energy and fortune
Dynamic direction relations library, determines the direction of motion in goal stimulus source.In addition, it is also necessary to which the EEG signals being analysed to carry out frequency domain and turn
Processing is changed, the frequency of corresponding EEG signals is obtained, and according to the frequency of EEG signals, utilizes preset frequency and movement velocity
Relationship library determines the movement velocity in goal stimulus source.Finally, (step S850) recycles analysis module 13 to determine goal stimulus
Source utilizes preset stimulus and calibration information relationship, determining and goal stimulus source pair according to the corresponding coding in goal stimulus source
The control signal answered, wherein calibration information includes control signal.
The embodiment of the present invention is proposed a kind of visual evoked potential brain machine perceived based on the direction of motion and movement velocity and connect
Port system and its implementation.The system is according to the energy and frequency values of calculated EEG signals, and basis has constructed respectively
At energy-direction of motion relationship and frequency-movement velocity relationship, directly determine and provided corresponding sports direction and movement velocity
Goal stimulus source, with lock represent user intention goal stimulus source, to utilize control information corresponding with the stimulus
External control devices are driven, realize that acquisition target wishes the target reached.This method induces in range in frequency joined fortune
The risk factor of dynamic direction scope, expands the quantitative range for inducing target, simultaneously because the system will not generate frequency scintillation,
User will not generate visual fatigue, stimulate user lower.Therefore, the present invention is the brain function normally function such as language, movement
Patient that can be impaired provides a kind of approach with extraneous progress communication exchange and control, provides a kind of completely new man-machine friendship for people
Mutual mode is (such as：Using human brain as the controlling terminal of intelligentized Furniture), improve the intelligence of people's life.
Although presently disclosed embodiment is as above, the content is only to facilitate understanding the present invention and adopting
Embodiment is not intended to limit the invention.Any those skilled in the art to which this invention pertains are not departing from this
Under the premise of the disclosed spirit and scope of invention, any modification and change can be made in the implementing form and in details,
But scope of patent protection of the invention, still should be subject to the scope of the claims as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method for realizing brain-computer interface by visual evoked potential, includes the following steps：
It controls multiple visual stimulators and generates the stimulus with different motion speed and/or different motion direction respectively, so that
Each stimulus is obtained with certain movement velocity along defined direction of motion shuttling movement；
Acquisition user includes direction by what is generated in IVB layer of brain when goal stimulus source in the multiple stimulus of visual perception
The EEG signals of information and/or velocity information；
The EEG signals are pre-processed；
The energy for calculating EEG signals obtains the direction of motion of stimulus, and calculates the frequency of EEG signals, obtains stimulus
Movement velocity, determine the goal stimulus source；
Control signal corresponding with the goal stimulus source is exported, the external control devices of user can be assisted to realize with driving
User wishes the target reached.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein obtaining the fortune of stimulus in the energy for calculating EEG signals
In dynamic direction step, further comprise：
The amplitude curve of the EEG signals is made into integral operation, obtains the energy of the corresponding EEG signals；
The goal stimulus source is determined using preset energy and direction of motion relationship library according to the energy of the EEG signals
The direction of motion.
3. method according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that in the frequency for calculating EEG signals, obtain stimulus
In movement velocity step, further comprise：
The EEG signals are subjected to frequency domain conversion process, obtain the frequency of the corresponding EEG signals；
The goal stimulus source is determined using preset frequency and movement velocity relationship library according to the frequency of the EEG signals
Movement velocity.
4. method described in any one of claim 1 to 3, which is characterized in that controlling multiple visual stimulator difference
It generates in the stimulus step with different motion speed and/or different motion direction, the direction of motion of stimulus is defined as
Any rectilinear direction in each visual stimulator region.
5. method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is characterized in that controlling multiple visual stimulator difference
It generates in the stimulus step with different motion speed and/or different motion direction, the movement velocity of stimulus is defined as
In the range of 0~24L per second, wherein L indicates movement length of each stimulus in corresponding visual stimulator region.
6. method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which is characterized in that controlling multiple visual stimulator difference
It generates in the stimulus step with different motion speed and/or different motion direction, further includes：
Edit several stimulation source datas, wherein the stimulation source data packet includes：Stimulus direction of motion parameter and stimulus fortune
Dynamic speed parameter；
The corresponding stimulation source data is distributed to each visual stimulator.
7. method described according to claim 1~any one of 6, which is characterized in that in output and the goal stimulus source pair
In the control signals step answered, further include：
According to the corresponding coding in the goal stimulus source, preset stimulus and calibration information relationship, the determining and mesh are utilized
Mark the corresponding control signal of stimulus, wherein
The calibration information includes the control signal.
8. a kind of brain machine interface system for being realized by visual evoked potential, which is characterized in that the system includes：
Module occurs for stimulation, has multiple visual stimulators, has for controlling the multiple visual stimulator and generating respectively
The stimulus in different motion speed and/or different motion direction, so that each stimulus is with certain movement velocity along regulation
Direction of motion shuttling movement；
Electrode is mounted on IVB layers of user's brain, passes through the goal stimulus in the multiple stimulus of visual perception for acquiring user
The EEG signals comprising directional information and/or velocity information generated when source；
Preprocessing module pre-processes the EEG signals；
Analysis module is connect with the preprocessing module, calculates the energy of EEG signals, obtains the direction of motion of stimulus,
And the frequency of EEG signals is calculated, the movement velocity of stimulus is obtained, determines the goal stimulus source, further output and institute
The corresponding control signal in goal stimulus source is stated, the external control devices of user can be assisted with driving to realize that user wishes to reach
Target.
9. system according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the analysis module includes：
The amplitude curve of the EEG signals is made integral operation by energy spectrometer unit, obtains the corresponding EEG signals
Energy using preset energy and direction of motion relationship library, determine the target thorn and according to the energy of the EEG signals
The direction of motion of stimulus.
10. system according to claim 8 or claim 9, which is characterized in that the analysis module further comprises：
The EEG signals are carried out frequency domain conversion process by frequency analysis unit, obtain the frequency of the corresponding EEG signals
Rate, and the goal stimulus source is determined using preset frequency and movement velocity relationship library according to the frequency of the EEG signals
Movement velocity.
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