CN102318777B - N-3 fatty acid enriched laying hen feed and production method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an n-3 fatty acid enriched laying hen feed and a production method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of feed. Optimal proportion of the laying hen feed is obtained by repeated scientific test, basic nutrition requirements of the laying period of laying hens are fully considered, the effects of the components are complementary and coordinated, and n-3 fatty acid enriched linseed cake pulp and chia seeds are strengthened; by using the feed for raising the laying hens, the body immunity of the laying hens can be improved, the utilization rate of the feed is improved, digestion and absorption of nutrient substances are promoted, and the laying performance of the laying hens is effectively improved; and particularly, the n-3 fatty acid content of eggs can be improved, the cholesterol content of the eggs is reduced, and the quality of the eggs is promoted. In the eggs produced by the laying hens raised by using the feed, the n-3 fatty acid content of average 100 grams of yolk can reach 2,100 to 4,902.1 milligrams and is 8 to 15 times that of common eggs.

Description

A kind of egg feedstuff and production method thereof of enrichment n-3 aliphatic acid

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of egg feedstuff and production method thereof, relate in particular to a kind of egg feedstuff and production method thereof that mixes with the linseed grouts that are rich in n-3 aliphatic acid and other various ingredients, belong to field of feed.

Background technology

Egg contains a large amount of vitamin and mineral matter and the protein of high biological value is arranged, and is one of human best source of nutrition.The protein quality of egg is best, is only second to breast milk.The amino acid ratio of egg protein is well suited for Human Physiology to be needed, is prone to body absorbs, and utilization rate is up to more than 98%, and nutritive value is very high.According to one's analysis, every hectogram egg contains protein 14.7 grams, is mainly ovalbumin and ovoglobulin, wherein contains 8 seed amino acids of needed by human, and very approximate with the composition of human body protein.Fatty 11～15 grams of every hectogram egg mainly concentrate in the yolk, are also very easily absorbed by human consumption; Contain abundant lecithin, steroid, lecithin and calcium, phosphorus, iron, vitamin A, vitamin D and B family vitamin in the yolk, these compositions are favourable to nervous system and body development, the ability brain tonic and intelligence development; Improve memory; And the promotion liver cell regeneration, therefore, egg is again a brain-care foods preferably.Contain higher cholesterol and triglycerides in the egg yolk, cholesterol can be up to 1705mg in every hectogram yolk, and excessive absorption cholesterol can cause the generation of atherosclerotic and angiocardiopathy, influences health.

Polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) is one type and contains two keys more than 2 or 3, and carbon number is 16 to 22 direct-connected aliphatic acid.PUFA mainly comprises n-3, n-6, n-9 series fatty acid, but what have that important biomolecule learns meaning is n-3, n-6 series.Discover that n-3 content and n-6/n-3 ratio are closely related in incidence and the meals of human cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease, when ratio is inappropriate, can improve the incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease.The n-6/n-3 ratio is generally 20～30 in China resident meals: 1 and 5: 1 of World Health Organization suggestion differ greatly.So n-3 unsaturated fatty acid content in the raising meals, the n-6/n-3 ratio is significant in the reduction meals.Egg is to make unsettled unrighted acid obtain stable good medium of preserving, and absorbing capacity n-3 unrighted acid through edible egg is a kind of effective way.According to bibliographical information, the n-3 unsaturated fatty acid content is lower in the common egg, and content is about about 200～300mg in general every 100mg yolk.

Summary of the invention

The object of the invention provides a kind of egg feedstuff feed and production method thereof of enrichment n-3 aliphatic acid.

Contain among the every 1000g of egg feedstuff of said enrichment n-3 aliphatic acid:

Linseed grouts 20～100g; Strange inferior seed 5～50g; Hawthorn 10～30g; Zeolite powder 10～50g; White carbon 20～100g; Fish meal 40～150g; Dregs of beans 40～100g; Wheat bran 40～80g; Silkworm chrysalis 40～80g; Carrot 5～20g; Oyster shell whiting 5g～15g; Bone meal 5～15g; Soya-bean oil 5～15g; Garlic powder 1～5g; Salt 1～3g; Zytase 0.1～1g; Phytase 0.1～0.5g; Lysozyme 0.1～0.5g; 3-Hydroxyretinol 00～1500IU; Vitamin D 50～500ICU; Vitamin E 2～10mg; Vitamin K 0.02～0.5mg; Cobastab ₁₂0.001～0.05mg, biotin 0.01～0.1mg, choline 0.1～0.5g, folic acid 0.05～0.5mg, nicotinic acid 1～10mg, pantothenic acid 0.5～10mg, Cobastab ₆0.5～10mg, riboflavin 0.5～10mg, thiamine 0.1～1mg, calcium 5～15g, phosphorus 1～3g, magnesium 20～100mg, copper 1～10mg, manganese 5～20mg, zinc 5～20mg, iron 10～25mg, selenium 0.01～0.1mg, iodine 0.01mg～0.1mg, methionine 0.5～2g, lysine 0.5～3g, tryptophan 0.5～3g, surplus is a corn.

Contain among the preferred every 1000g of the egg feedstuff of said enrichment n-3 aliphatic acid:

Linseed grouts 30～80g; Strange inferior seed 5～20g; Hawthorn 10～20g; Zeolite powder 10～30g; White carbon 20～60g; Fish meal 40～120g; Dregs of beans 40～80g; Wheat bran 40～80g; Silkworm chrysalis 40～80g; Carrot 5～20g; Oyster shell whiting 5g～15g; Bone meal 5～15g; Soya-bean oil 5～15g; Garlic powder 1～3g; Salt 1～3g; Zytase 0.1～1g; Phytase 0.1～0.5g; Lysozyme 0.1～0.5g; Vitamin A 300～800IU; Vitamin D 50～100ICU; Vitamin E 2～5mg; Vitamin K 0.02～0.1mg; Cobastab ₁₂0.001～0.01mg, biotin 0.01～0.05mg, choline 0.1～0.3g, folic acid 0.05～0.1mg, nicotinic acid 1～5mg, pantothenic acid 0.5～3mg, Cobastab ₆0.5～2mg, riboflavin 0.5～2mg, thiamine 0.1～0.5mg, calcium 5～10g, phosphorus 1～2g, magnesium 20～80mg, copper 1～5mg, manganese 5～15mg, zinc 5～15mg, iron 10～20mg, selenium 0.01～0.05mg, iodine 0.01mg～0.05mg, methionine 0.5～1g, lysine 0.5～1g, tryptophan 0.5～1g, surplus is a corn.

Each vitamin, mineral matter and amino acid consumption do not comprise the corresponding composition that is derived from linseed grouts, strange inferior seed, hawthorn, zeolite powder, white carbon, fish meal, dregs of beans, wheat bran, silkworm chrysalis, carrot, oyster shell whiting, bone meal, soya-bean oil, garlic powder, salt, zytase, phytase, lysozyme, the corn in the said prescription; Those skilled in the art can select each vitamin, mineral matter and origin of amino acid according to prior art, and the present invention does not do concrete qualification; For example said manganese, zinc, iron, copper, iodine, selenium can be respectively by manganese sulfate MnSO ₄5H ₂O, zinc sulfate ZnSO ₄7H ₂O, ferrous sulfate FeSO ₄7H ₂O, copper sulphate CuSO ₄5H ₂O, KI KI, sodium selenite Na ₂SeO ₃Provide.

Said egg feedstuff production method may further comprise the steps:

A. prepare B B-complex: take by weighing each vitamin (vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E, vitamin K, Cobastab by prescription ₁₂, biotin, choline, folic acid, nicotinic acid, pantothenic acid, Cobastab ₆, riboflavin, thiamine), mix with an amount of zeolite powder or white carbon (as 10～20 times);

Preparation composite mineral matter: take by weighing each mineral matter (calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, copper, manganese, zinc, iron, selenium, iodine) by prescription, mix with an amount of zeolite powder or white carbon (as 10～20 times);

Preparation compound amino acid: take by weighing each amino acid (methionine, lysine, tryptophan) by prescription, mix with an amount of zeolite powder or white carbon (as 10～20 times);

Preparation complex enzyme: take by weighing each enzyme (zytase, phytase, lysozyme) by prescription, mix with an amount of zeolite powder or white carbon or corn flour (as 10～20 times);

With the B B-complex that makes, composite mineral matter, compound amino acid, complex enzyme, mix with zeolite powder, white carbon, process premix;

B. take by weighing other raw material by prescription, mix, process egg feedstuff with above-mentioned premix.

Because of each vitamin, mineral matter, amino acid, enzyme dosage in the prescription less relatively, the premix of adopting said method to make in advance, can be easily with prescription in other raw material mixed preparing; This premix also has the following advantages:

1) this premix has better flowability, improves the mixture homogeneity of composition in feed, and is easy to operation, and avoided the loss of activity or the reduction that cause in transportation, the storage process effectively;

2) this premix can also improve feed intake and the efficiency of feed utilization of laying hen, makes laying hen have certain hobby property and dependence to this premix;

3) this premix both can be used separately, also can make things convenient for easily to mix with any standard feed/basal feed, and this premix can be applied in plant extensive, simple and effectively.

Flax: also claim flax, Linum usitatissimum L. is one of the world ten big oil crops.Linseed contains 34% grease, and flax machine presses the dregs of rice and contains the crude fat about 5%, and what the linseed fat content was the highest is unrighted acid, wherein the leukotrienes large percentage.Leukotrienes is the precursor of the necessary aliphatic acid n-3 high unsaturated fatty acid of animal, and after animal searched for food, meat, egg, milk also can contain a large amount of n-3 high unsaturated fatty acids.Linseed is rich in albumen, mainly is made up of albumin and globulin, is quality plant albumen.The byproduct linseed cake or the flaxseed meal of linseed oil expression, its gross protein value is 32%～36%, lysine and methionine content are respectively 1.10% and 0.47%.Because of lysine content is not enough, mixes and feed so the linseed grouts should contain the high protein feeds of lysine with other.The linseed grouts have the stomach of promotion, enterocinesia and improvement by the function of hair.Linseed cake contains the cyanogen glycosides, after the cyanogen glycosides gets into body, can under the effect of lipolytic enzyme, hydrolysis produce hydrogen cyanide and cause the poisoning of livestock and poultry.When linseed cake is made feed, should carry out attenuation treatment.General commonly used method is: linseed cake is pulverized, is added 4～5 times of warm water, soaks that drop anhydrates after 8～12 hours, add proper amount of clear water again and boiled 1 hour, when boiling, constantly stir and open wide pot cover, add vinegar simultaneously, volatilize so that hydrogen cyanide is tried one's best.

Strange inferior (Chia): formal name used at school chia Salvia Hispanica L., pennyroyal originates from Mexico south and Guatemala.It is to be rich in the abundantest food of omega-3 aliphatic acid, and contains natural.Strange inferior seed is the safety food of U.S. FDA authentication, also is the bread adding ingredient that European Union's legislation is confirmed.Strange inferior seed nutritional labeling: Omega-3 aliphatic acid: strange inferior seed 17.6%, strange inferior oily 63.8%; Strange inferior seed is that to contain Omega-3 the abundantest, the unique natural food that need not process direct safe edible; Compare with fish oil, the Omega-3 content of fatty acid of strange inferior seed is higher, and does not have cholesterol, can not cause allergy, the marine pollutant of no nutrition accumulation; Compare with linseed, strange inferior seed does not contain any harmful composition, and self contains the nature polyphenoils, has protected the quality of Omega-3, and it is rotten to addle easily unlike linseed, produces noxious material and peculiar smell; Polyphenoils: oxidation resistance ORAC is 9800, except common anti-oxidant element (vitamin E, C and lecithin) in addition, strange inferior seed contains abundanter natural, is the essential of anti-ageing diseases prevention anti-cancer; Strange inferior seed is the edible plant of unique safety in the Omega-3 source of having found at present, and does not contain cholesterol fully.

Red colouring agent for food, also used as a Chinese medicine: Fermentum Rubrum; Be to be raw material with the long-grained nonglutinous rice; The monascus ruber (monascuspurpureus) that adopts modern biotechnology to isolate high-quality forms through the liquid deep layer fermenting exquisiteness, is a kind of pure natural, safe, the food additives that are of value to health.Property is sweet, warm, nontoxic.Return liver; Spleen; Stomach; Large intestine channel.Separable behind the red koji fermentation to Co-Q10; Co-Q10 has another name called the decene quinone, is the activator of cellular metabolism and cellular respiration, can improve the mitochondrial respiratory function; The accelerating oxidation phosphorylation reaction; Itself is again the natural oxidant that cell self produces, and can suppress mitochondrial peroxidating, and the function of protection biofilm structure integrality is arranged.Immunity there is non-specific humidification, can improves cytophagous phagocytic rate, increase production of antibodies, improve the T cell function.The contained monascin K of red colouring agent for food, also used as a Chinese medicine can stop the generation cholesterol.

Zeolite powder: zeolite powder is natural levigate the forming of zeolite rock, and color is a white.Zeolite is the aluminium silicate mineral of a kind of shape structure of slag formation.It contains cultivated animals and grows required whole macroelements with most of micro-.These elements all exist with ionic condition, can be utilized by cultivated animals.Zeolite also has unique adsorptivity, catalytic, ion exchangeable in addition, and the selectivity of ion, acid resistance, heat endurance, many compositions property reach very high biologically active and mithridatism etc.Zeolite powder can improve the flowability and the homogeneity of premix composition.

White carbon: white carbon is the general name of white powder X-ray amorphous silicic acid and silicate product, mainly is meant precipitated silica, aerosil, superfine silicon dioxide gel and aeroge, also comprises Powdered synthetic aluminium silicate and calcium silicates etc.White carbon is a porous material, can be dissolved in caustic alkali and hydrofluoric acid, water insoluble, solvent and acid (except for hydrofluoric acid).As anti-caking agent; White carbon can be used in some products and improves free mobility, like plastic products, manufacturing rubber sulphur and the agglomeration resistance mixture of lawn groom, fungicide, emery wheel grinding agent, laundry bleach, phenolic aldehyde injection moulding methenamine, phenol and urea.Can be used on many industries such as fire-fighting agent, feed, cosmetics, delustering agent, pigment, paint in addition.White carbon can improve the flowability and the homogeneity of premix composition.

Vitamin A: the structural integrity that in the chicken body, can keep respiratory tract, alimentary canal, genital tract epithelial cell or mucous membrane is with sound; Promote growing of chick; Strengthen adaptive faculty and the resistance of chicken to environment; Improve egg production and the hatching of breeding eggs rate of chicken.When chicken is deficient in vitamin A, be prone to cause epithelial tissue drying and keratinization, make secretion hypodynamia, scheroma takes place in the sex change of cornea epithelium, causes blind when serious; Chick growth is slow, the fluffy and disorderly tarnish of feather, indigestion; Become chicken egg productivity to reduce, fertility rate of hatching egg is low, and incubation rate also descends.General mixed feed contains carrotene and luteole for every kilogram; Be about as much as retinol1 000 international unit; Can not satisfy the needs of chicken far away, so for the cage bird of not feeding green forage, vitamin A mainly relies on the multivitamin additive to provide.

Vitamin D: in the bone of poultry, hard beak, toe pawl and eggshell forming process, have the metabolism of regulating calcium, phosphorus, can promote of the absorption of chicken body, the heavy calcium skeletonization in the bone tissue is also had direct facilitation to calcium.When being deficient in vitamin D in the feed, can make calcium, phosphorus metabolism generation obstacle in the body, make chick that rickets take place.When being deficient in vitamin D in the bird inlay feed, symptom just occurs after 2-3 month, the initial stage is produced shell egg or soft-preserved egg, and egg production descends subsequently, and incubation rate reduces, beak, toe pawl, breastbone deliquescing, arthrocele.Rib and breastbone joint cave in, and all ribs are inwardly curved along thorax, and sick chicken is extremely weak.

Vitamin E: biological function mainly is an antioxidation, and protection unrighted acid (PUFA) especially linoleic acid is avoided autoxidation.Vitamin E not only can be removed free radical, can also remove the potential source that forms lipoperoxide.The lipid peroxidation reaction level improved when vitamin E and selenium had collaborative antioxidation TD, and membrane structure wrecks, and the activity of serum glutamic oxalacetic transaminase (GOT), lactic dehydrogenase enzymes such as (LDH) increases.Vitamin E can reduce the content of glucocorticoid in the blood, suppresses the generation of prostaglandin.Vitamin E has important effect to a lot of hormones synthetic, like tethelin, cortex hormone of aadrenaline.When the synthetic reduction of anterior pituitary gonadotropin, the reproduction function reduces.The generation of vitamin e deficiency is relevant with feed to a great extent.

Vitamin K: being the derivative of menadione, having another name called coagulation vitamin or antihemorrhagic vitamin, is to form necessary kind of vitamin of factor in the animal body.Vitamin K mainly act as the synthetic of factor and thrombokinase in the catalysis liver, thrombokinase impels factor to change fibrin ferment into, keeps the normal coagulation function of blood.Chick vitamin K deficiency causes subcutaneous hemorrhage to present purple plague purpura; Plant the not enough incubation rate reduction of vitamin K in the chicken feed.Except that hemoglutination, it is reported that vitamin K dependent protein matter and peptide are participated in calcium metabolism.When intestines problem or animal were taken broad-spectrum antibiotic and antibacterial medicine preparation for a long time, the enteric microorganism vigor descended, and can cause vitamin K deficiency.

Cobastab ₁₂: be Cobalamin again, cyanocobalamin, cobalamin.Cobastab ₁₂Be red, pink crystallization, more stable in weak acid, not alkaline-resisting, sunlight, oxidant or reducing agent.Cobastab ₁₂Participating in the metabolism of a carbon-based group in the body, is the coenzyme that transmits methyl, and it connects each other with the effect of folic acid, influence the formation of the required active methyl of the interior biosynthesis of body and the metabolism of other carbon-based groups.Wherein the most important thing is to participate in the biosynthesis of nucleic acid and protein, promote erythrocytic growth and maturation.Work as Cobastab ₁₂During shortage, can cause the animal pernicious anaemia, in addition, obstacle also takes place in other tissue metabolisms.Cobastab ₁₂Also promote the generation of choline.The muscular stomach mucosal inflammation often takes place in poultry, and chick growth is bad, and the hatching of breeding eggs rate descends, and rate of embryonic death raises, and feather growth is bad etc.Cobastab ₁₂The BA of folic acid can be activated, Cobastab can be used when chicken lacks folic acid ₁₂Supplemental treatment; Share with vitamin C, the effect that promotes chicken to grow is remarkable.In addition, pantothenic acid strengthens Cobastab ₁₂Effect.

Biotin: have another name called biotin; It is the coenzyme of many carboxylases and carboxyl transferase system in the animal body; Participating in metabolism such as fat, carbohydrate, protein, amino acid, nucleic acid, is animal skin, indispensable by keeping of hair, pad, hoof, reproductive system and nervous system normal development and health.When bird lacks, beak and digital dermatitis, the claw distortion, the hatching of breeding eggs rate descends, and fatty liver renal syndrome (FLKS) takes place, poor growth, survival rate reduces.Preliminary data proves that biotin can also improve the facilitation of copper to growth, reduces the thickness of backfat, improves the ketoboidies quality.The research of nearly more than ten years is bright, because content is big in the feed, utilization rate is low, and depending merely on natural feed provides biotin can not satisfy poultry, fowl needs, must add industrial biotin; The biotin that adds higher amount can improve the resistance against diseases of livestock and poultry, prevents the hepatorenal syndrome (FLKS) of chicken fat, reduces the chicken sudden death, and it is sick to reduce chicken leg; Prevent that the productivity that livestock and poultry stress cause from descending.

Choline: the oxyhydroxide of beta-hydroxy ethylamine is a kind of highly basic.It is distributed widely in the organism with the form of free choline, acetylcholine and composite phospholipid; Its physiological function: 1. choline is as the composition of lecithin, sphingomyelins; Play an important role with keeping on the cell function in the formation eucaryotic cell structure; Participation fat is thanked, and can prevent fatty liver, the shin bone tubbiness disease of liver, nephrorrhagia and chicken and turkey.2. participate in the conduction of nerve impulse with the acetylcholine form.3. choline is a kind of methyl donor.Research shows, exists or contains under the mineral sulfates condition at homocystine, adds choline and can save methionine.The animal choline is not enough, causes fat metabolic disturbance, fatty liver occurs, liver, kidney, eyeball and other organ hemorrhages, nervous disorder.Poultry bone, joint deformity, enlargement, shin stomach tubbiness, the speed of growth descends.It is reported that some chicken that produces brown shell egg produces the egg that has a fish like smell when feeding rape cake relevant with the choline deficiency.

Folic acid: by separating in the plant, so be referred to as folic acid, it is to participate in metabolism in animal body with the form of tetrahydrofolic acid at first.Through the transmission of a carbon-based group being participated in the synthetic and amino acid whose metabolism of fast cry of certain animals, pyrimidine, thereby influence the metabolism of the synthetic and protein of nucleic acid,, and can promote the generation of immunoglobulin (Ig) the facilitation that is formed with of normal plasma cell.Animal lacks folic acid and often causes anaemia, red blood cell minimizing, and growth stops, and fowl also shows as the vertebra paralysis, the feather decolouring, and fertility reduction and rate of embryonic death are high, are apparent that the short and thick and mouth interleaved shape of embryo's shin bone especially.Usually need Supplement of folic acid to prevent deficiency disease to fowl, promote production effect, improve immunity.

Nicotinic acid: nicotinic acid and niacinamide are generically and collectively referred to as nicotinic acid or nicotinic acid, are one of more stable vitamin, are difficult for being destroyed by heat, oxygen, light, alkali, acid.Nicotinic acid and niacinamide have same physiological function.Nicotinic acid can be converted into niacinamide in animal body, and niacinamide is the part of DPN, DPN I.And DPN, DPN I are the coenzyme of many dehydrogenases, play a part to transmit hydrogen in vivo in the redox reaction, it and glycolysis; Fat metabolism; The pyruvic acid metabolism, the generation of energy-rich phosphate bond has substantial connection, and in keeping skin and digestive organs normal function, plays an important role.The PP animal that is deficient in vitamin produces cutaneous lesions, bark favus occurs, disease of digestive tract, and growth retardation, mucous membrane inflammation and ulcer, feather growth is bad, and egg production and incubation rate descend, and cause the short and thick disease of poultry shin bone.

Pantothenic acid: have another name called pantothenic acid, the chicken adermin is a kind of dipeptidase derivant, is yellow thickness oily, and xeothermic reaching in acid, aqueous slkali is prone to be destroyed.Pantothenic acid is the constituent of coacetylase, the metabolism of coacetylase involved in sugar, fat and protein.Pantothenic acid plays crucial effect the synthetic of fat with in decomposing, and with the color and luster of the normal function of skin and mucous membrane, fur with to the resistance of disease very big relation is arranged.Animal lacks the pathology that pantothenic acid mainly causes skin and mucous membrane, and it is coarse or feather is rare to show as epidermis, hair or shed feathers, and growth retardation, reproductive function generation obstacle.Disease-resistant and anti-copingability descends.Chick then shows as undergrowth, and feather is messy, and dermatitis, eye secreting mucus increase, and beak angle and toe form crust.The hatching of breeding eggs rate descends.Pantothenic acid still is the essential nutrients of many microorganisms, and lacking to influence microbial growth.

Cobastab ₆: be the general name of pyridoxol, Vitamin B6, pyridoxamine, these three kinds of materials have identical biological action in animal body.Cobastab ₆It is the important component part of many amino acid decarboxylases, transaminase etc.Contain vitamin people B ₆Enzyme participate in nearly all amino acid whose synthetic and catabolism, also very important to the metabolism of fat, sugar, inorganic salts in addition.B is deficient in vitamin ₆The time, young animal poor growth or stop.The chicken B that is deficient in vitamin ₆The time, excitability is strong, and refreshing play symptom is arranged, and leg is weak, dermatitis, depilation, hair is assisted hemorrhage, and the death rate raises, and laying rate, hatching of breeding eggs rate descend.Chick is prone to produce deficiency disease.Improve the daily ration Cobastab ₆But addition enhance immune power and anti-stress ability.Adult ruminant generally need not to replenish.

Riboflavin: both Cobastabs ₂, riboflavin is the isoalloxazine derivative, orange colour is prone to destroyed by alkali, light and metallic element.Riboflavin is the important component part of many oxidoreducing enzyme, participates in energy and protein metabolism.Animal lacks the nuclear Huang and causes the body metabolic disorder.Its symptom: gently then show as growth retardation, productivity descends; The classical symptom of chick is the heel arthroncus, and the toe inflexion becomes the fist shape, and acute deficiency disease can make shank complete paralysis, paralysis; When planting the chicken shortage, the hatching of breeding eggs rate is low, and survivability of chicks is low.Animal need be relevant with environment temperature with the daily ration composition to riboflavin, and diet nutrient concentration is high, and then the riboflavin requirement increases, and environment temperature is low should give more riboflavin, and the requirement of stud bird animal is higher.

Thiamine: i.e. Cobastab ₁Have another name called antineuritic vitamin; Anti beriberi vitamin is the coenzyme composition in the alpha-ketoacid dehydrogenase system, participates in the metabolism of carbohydrate; Normal function to keeping nerve fiber and cardiac muscle plays an important role, and keeps normal creepage of gastrointestinal functions and the gastric secretion of stomach and disappears than the fatty absorption in road and the normal function of fermentation.Cobastab ₁Lack, then disturbance of carbohydrate metabolism, neural, myocardial function is unusual, shakes indigestion, growth retardation etc. under the appetite.Cobastab ₁Requirement and feed in soluble-carbohydrate content relevant, soluble-carbohydrate content is higher, Cobastab ₁Requirement increases.

Calcium: calcium is most of in chicken class body to be combined into calcium phosphate with phosphorus, generally accounts for the 65-70% of content of mineral substances in the body, is the main component of formation bone and chorion, and in the egg-laying season, nestling especially should be added enough calcium and phosphorus growth period.Calcium is also participated in the solidifying etc. of activity and blood of cell.Calcium, phosphorus lack or are out of proportion, all can cause suffering from rickets, rickets, also can make osteoporosis, produce the soft shell ovum, even stop production.Calcium deficiency can cause that blood calcium reduces, and chick and the growth of young chicken are slow, depauperation, osteoporosis, keel are crooked, performance " rickets "; Similar with vitamin D deficiency, laying hen egg production then occurs and descends, and produces soft-shelled egg; Shell egg or do not have the shell egg when serious, even paralysed disease can occur.Certainly the shortage of calcium will inevitably cause the absorption of phosphorus, utilization to reduce the calcium phosphorus ration detuning phenomena.Bone meal, shrimp med, fish meal, blood meal, calcium tablet, oyster shell whiting, lime stone, calcium monohydrogen phosphate and eggshell are the main sources of calcium, and it is the bone that constitutes chicken, the main component of eggshell, and relevant with nervous function, muscle activity, blood clotting.The shell calcic is many, and chicken is prone to absorb, but keeps the limited in one's ability of calcium in the chicken body, therefore preferably feeds a part of fragment shell to laying hen, chicken is slowly digested, to satisfy the needs that chicken is laid eggs.The chick calcium deficiency is suffered from osteomalacia, becomes chicken calcium deficiency egg production to reduce, and eggshell thinning even the no shell egg of product or incubation rate descend.Supply the too much unfavorable chick growth of calcium, influence the absorption of magnesium, manganese, zinc.Chalk shape deposition is arranged on the eggshell, and the egg two ends are coarse possibly to be that hen feeds the too much result of calcium.Bone meal and calcium phosphate and good phosphorus, calcium feed.

Phosphorus: be the main component that forms bone, with energetic supersession and to keep in the body normal osmotic pressure relevant with acid-base balance.Chicken poor growth when lacking phosphorus, bone is frangible, arthrosclerosis when serious.Phosphorous more in cereal and the bran, but the utilization rate of chicken is low, therefore in daily ration, must replenish a part of Phos, will note supply when in daily ration, lacking fish meal especially.

Calcium phosphorus lacks and calcium phosphorus ration imbalance (Dietary Deficiency of Calcium in the feed; Phosphrorus and Imbalance of the Calcium:Phosphorus Ratio) calcium and phosphorus lack in the poultry feed, and the calcium phosphorus ration imbalance be osteodystrophy main diseases because of.The not only formation of influence growth poultry bone, the formation of female bird eggshell of growing up, and influence the normal functions such as blood clotting, acid-base balance, N&M of poultry, the economic loss that causes is huge.

Magnesium: magnesium is the key element in glandular tissue and the musculature, is the catalyst of various enzymes, participates in the substance in vivo metabolic process.Can in feed, add magnesium sulfate during magnesium deficiency, but unsuitable excessive.

Salt: sodium chloride: sodium chloride is the constituent of salt, is prevalent in blood, body fluid, soft tissue and the ovum of wild chicken class, and salt can be regulated the taste of feed; Promote gastric secretion, whet the appetite, promote the utilization of nitrogen in the food; Keep acid, soda balance in their bodies; Keep the balance of osmotic pressure between cell and blood, make tissue can keep certain moisture, can also impel digesting and assimilating of protein and fat.Salt is not enough, and chick growth is slow, is prone to pernicious habits such as pecking anus, poor appetite can occur, indigestion, and hypoevolutism, symptom such as lose weight.

Copper: participate in the synthetic and activation of hemoglobin and many oxidoreducing enzyme, the utilization of copper and iron is relevant, and during hematopoiesis, erythrocytic formation must just can be carried out in the presence of CER, also causes anaemia so lack copper.Copper, iron, cobalt are called as the hematopoiesis element.Scarce copper also causes the collagenous fibres biosynthesis block in the sclerotin, and skeleton development is influenced, osteoporosis, and long bone is frangible.In addition; Copper also with the normal development of animal blood vessels and normal function, relevant by hair growth and quality, central nervous system, reproductive capability, the deficiency disease of livestock and poultry copper shows as: anaemia (decline of serum copper content), the stagnation of growing, neurological disorders, coordinate movement imbalance, tetraparesis are unable.Copper irritates growth and similar antibiotic pharmacological action in addition.Mostly the fill-in of copper is copper sulphate, cupric oxide, copper carbonate etc.

Manganese: be arginase, prolinase, pyruvate carboxylase, RNA polymerase, contain the constituent of manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) etc.; And can activate many enzymes; Comprise some kinases, hydrolase, decarboxylase and transferase etc.; Through these enzymes; Manganese is participated in the metabolism of protein, DNA and ribonucleic acid, lipid, carbohydrate, and to the normal growth and the structure of the growth of animal, growth, breeding, bone, hematopoiesis, nerve etc. all has significant effects.Manganese deficiency mainly shows as growth retardation, skeleton deformity, reproduction disorder, new born animal ataxia and lipid, carbohydrate metabolism defective.Poultry is prone to take place manganese deficiency " slide tendon disease ", and the hatching of breeding eggs rate descends, chicken embryo chondrodystrophy.

Zinc: be the constituent of many metal enzymes and hormone (like insulin), known have the activity of 80 plurality of enzymes relevant with zinc.Zinc is participated in protein, carbon water compound and lipid metabolism through enzyme and hormone, participates in synthesizing of DNA and ribonucleic acid, also with the growth of hair; The health of skin, the healing of wound, reproductive capability; Skeleton development, the sense of taste and appetite etc. are relevant, and some discovers that zinc participates in the composition of vitamin A reductase in liver and the retina; The level of keeping the blood plasma vitamin A there is certain effect, also participates in keeping the normal immunity function of body.Animal lacks zinc and shows as appetite and descend, and decreased growth is given milk, egg drop reduction, and efficiency of feed utilization is low, and severe patient grows and stops, and is thick disorderly by hair, come off, parakeratosis of skin, and skin is cracked from dryness, and wound is difficult for healing, diarrhoea, vomiting even dead.

Iron: iron is to constitute hemoglobin, myoglobins, cytochromes and multiple oxidasic important component, as the carrier of oxygen, guarantees the normal conveying of oxygen in the soma; Participate in oxidation-reduction process complicated in the body.Modern study proves, its biochemical action of competence exertion when having enzyme iron content or iron 1/2 or more to exist in the tricarboxylic circulation, completion physiological function; Utilizing of iron deficiency or iron is bad, will cause transportation, the storage of oxygen, the transportation and the equivalent journey disorder of apologizing for having done sth. wrong of redox of carbon dioxide, and influence is grown even various diseases such as anaemia is taken place.As the molysite of the fill-in of iron water-soluble and diluted acid capable of using, like ferrous sulfate, frerrous chloride ironic citrate, tartaric acid iron and iron gluconate, amino acid iron etc., the utilization rate of these iron is all fine.

Selenium: be the constituent of glutathione peroxidase, this enzyme can decompose the cell endoperoxide, prevents that the oxidation of cell membrane fat from destroying reaction, and the protection biomembrane exempts from infringement.Selenium can be strengthened the antioxidation of vitamin E, and the two has synergy on this physiological function.In feed, add vitamin E and can alleviate scarce selenium symptom, or postpone the death time, but can not fundamentally eliminate the cause of disease.When lacking selenium, animal body inner cell antiperoxide toxicity ability reduces, and cell oedema, hemorrhage occurred by peroxide breakdown, exudative diathesis, and necrosis of liver cells, the atrophy of spleen fibroid, muscle is undesired, muscular degeneration of heart.Show as white muscle disease, physiological function is disorderly, growth retardation, and chick is that exudative diathesis is sick.The additive of selenium is generally sodium selenite.

Iodine: be thyroxinic important composition composition.Most of iodine is present in the thyroid gland in the animal body, and is plain in order to synthetic thyroid, regulates metabolism.Its effect comprises that promotion protein is synthetic, and activation 100 plurality of enzymes are regulated the conversion of energy, and tachyauxesis is grown, and keeps central nervous system structures, guarantees the normal state of mind, body shape and metabolism etc.The animal iodine deficiency can cause a series of biochemical disorders and physiological function unusual, mainly causes basal metabolic rate and vigor to descend.

Methionine: at present as the product of methionine additive mainly contain DL-methionine and DL-methionine hydroxy analog (Methionine Hydroxy Analoque, MHA) and calcium salt (MHACa).In addition, the methionine preparation also has methionine metal complex and the protectiveness methionine preparation that is used for ruminant.The development of methionine metallic element complex compound mainly is little to trace mineral supplement addition in feed; In feed, accurately add and mix the comparison difficulty; And inorganic elements toxicity is bigger; Some inorganic compound is prone to the moisture absorption caking, influences the stability of processing characteristics and other active components.And the amino acids metal element complex has overcome these deficiencies, and can improve additive effect and security.Commercial product goes on the market at present, and the methionine complex compound has zinc methionine, selenium methionine, copper methionine etc.

Lysine: the lysine that adds in the feed has two kinds, i.e. L-lysine and DL-lysine.Because of animal can only utilize L-lysine, so be mainly L-lysine product, DL-lysine product should be indicated L-lysine content guarantee value.As the feeding level lysine of commodity normally purity be the L lysine HCL 98.5% or more, be equivalent to contain lysine (active ingredient) more than 78.8%, for a white faint yellow particulate powder, peculiar smell is arranged slightly, soluble in water.L-lysine more than 90% is to be the product that fermenting raw materials is produced with molasses.

Tryptophan: tryptophan is the 3rd or the 4th limiting amino acid normally.See it is very important a kind of essential amino acid from the nutrition angle, in the daily ration that has generally added methionine and lysine, the tryptophan interpolation becomes more important.In addition, the metabolite 5-hydroxyl look ammonia of tryptophan animal body have anti-high density, wean etc. stress, promote the generation of gamma globulin, strengthen the effect of carcass premunition.

Enzyme preparation: enzyme preparation can help to replenish self not enough endogenous digestive ferment, improves the secretion and the activity of endogenous enzymes, promotes digesting and assimilating nutriment; Simultaneously can destroy plant cell wall, eliminate ANFs in the feed, improve feed nutritive value, the price of deed can be greatly enhanced; And enzyme preparation can influence the livestock and poultry alimentary tract microorganism species, raising immunocompetence, the generation of minimizing disease.Enzyme preparation commonly used mainly comprises protease, amylase, cellulase, lipase, 1,4 beta-glucanase, phytase, lysozyme and pectase etc.

Egg feedstuff of the present invention is that scientific experimentation draws best proportioning through repeated multiple times, has considered the basic nutrition demand of laying cycle of laying hens comprehensively, and each component and effect is done mutually, coordinated, and emphasis has been strengthened the many trophic factors that influence the laying hen egg laying performance; Especially, this egg feedstuff has been strengthened linseed grouts and the Qi Ya seed that is rich in n-3 aliphatic acid; Use this feed to carry out the laying hen nursing, can impel laying hen to reach good figure, can improve the immunity of organisms of laying hen, improve efficiency of feed utilization, promotion is digested and assimilated nutriment, effectively improves the egg laying performance of laying hen; Specifically, can improve n-3 content of fatty acid in the egg, reduce cholesterol level, promote egg quality.

Through the production practices multiple authentication, experiment showed, in the egg that laying hen produced that uses forage feed of the present invention that middle n-3 content of fatty acid can reach 2100～4200mg in average every 100g yolk, is 8～16 times of common egg content.

The specific embodiment

The following stated embodiment does further explanation to the present invention, but should not be construed as any restriction of the present invention.

Embodiment

With production egg feedstuff of the present invention is example, and every 1000g fills a prescription as follows:

Embodiment 1～6 egg feedstuff production method may further comprise the steps:

A. prepare B B-complex: take by weighing each vitamin (vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E, vitamin K, Cobastab by prescription ₁₂, biotin, choline, folic acid, nicotinic acid, pantothenic acid, Cobastab ₆, riboflavin, thiamine), mix with an amount of zeolite powder or white carbon (as 10～20 times);

Preparation composite mineral matter: take by weighing each mineral matter (calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, copper, manganese, zinc, iron, selenium, iodine) by prescription, mix with an amount of zeolite powder or white carbon (as 10～20 times);

Preparation compound amino acid: take by weighing each amino acid (methionine, lysine, tryptophan) by prescription, mix with an amount of zeolite powder or white carbon (as 10～20 times);

Preparation complex enzyme: take by weighing each enzyme (zytase, phytase, lysozyme) by prescription, mix with an amount of zeolite powder or white carbon or corn flour (as 10～20 times);

With the B B-complex that makes, composite mineral matter, compound amino acid, complex enzyme, mix with zeolite powder, white carbon, process premix;

B. take by weighing other raw material by prescription, mix, process egg feedstuff with above-mentioned premix.

Test one:

Select 50 of the healthy laying hens of 300 ages in days, be divided into test group and control group at random, test group is fed embodiment 6 feeds; Control group is fed conventional feed, and two groups of feeding and management conditions are identical, feed 35d continuously; The result shows: test group is compared with control group, and average day egg production improves 10.12%, and feedstuff-egg ratio reduces by 9.25%; Broken (damage, soft) egg rate descends 45.33%, and the n-3 content of fatty acid reaches 2256.9mg/100g in the yolk, has raise 8.4 times than control group; Cholesterol descends 14.61%, and yolk SOD (superoxide dismutase) content improves 9.64%, and yolk MDA (liver MDA) reduces by 23.73%; Yolk color has increased by 2.1～2.5 organizational levels (standard colorimetric fan), and egg is longer storage period.

Test two:

Select 100 of the healthy laying hens of 330 ages in days, be divided into test group and control group at random, test group is fed embodiment 3 feeds; Control group is fed conventional feed, and two groups of feeding and management conditions are identical, feed 50d continuously; The result shows: test group is compared with control group, and average day egg production improves 15.52%, and feedstuff-egg ratio reduces by 13.26%; Broken (damage, soft) egg rate descends 48.98%, and the n-3 content of fatty acid reaches 3603.6mg/100g in the yolk, has raise 12.6 times than control group; Cholesterol descends 17.47%, and yolk SOD (superoxide dismutase) content improves 10.24%, and yolk MDA (liver MDA) reduces by 29.16%; Yolk color has increased by 2.2～2.5 organizational levels (standard colorimetric fan), and egg is longer storage period.

Test three:

Select 100 of the healthy laying hens of 330 ages in days, be divided into test group and control group at random, test group is fed embodiment 1 feed; Control group is fed conventional feed, and two groups of feeding and management conditions are identical, feed 50d continuously; The result shows: test group is compared with control group, and average day egg production improves 18.51%, and feedstuff-egg ratio reduces by 15.45%; Broken (damage, soft) egg rate descends 50.18%, and the n-3 content of fatty acid reaches 4092.1mg/100g in the yolk, has raise 15.1 times than control group; Cholesterol descends 19.12%, and yolk SOD (superoxide dismutase) content improves 9.83%, and yolk MDA (liver MDA) reduces by 25.09%; Yolk color has increased by 2.2～2.5 organizational levels (standard colorimetric fan), and egg is longer storage period.

Claims (4)

1. the egg feedstuff of an enrichment n-3 aliphatic acid is characterized in that, contains among every 1000g:

Linseed grouts 20～100g; Strange inferior seed 5～50g; Hawthorn 10～30g; Zeolite powder 10～50g; White carbon 20～100g; Fish meal 40～150g; Dregs of beans 40～100g; Wheat bran 40～80g; Silkworm chrysalis 40～80g; Carrot 5～20g; Oyster shell whiting 5g～15g; Bone meal 5～15g; Soya-bean oil 5～15g; Garlic powder 1～5g; Salt 1～3g; Zytase 0.1～1g; Phytase 0.1～0.5g; Lysozyme 0.1～0.5g; Vitamin A 300～1500IU; Vitamin D 50～500ICU; Vitamin E 2～10mg; Vitamin K 0.02～0.5mg; Cobastab ₁₂0.001～0.05mg, biotin 0.01～0.1mg, choline 0.1～0.5g, folic acid 0.05～0.5mg, nicotinic acid 1～10mg, pantothenic acid 0.5～10mg, Cobastab ₆0.5～10mg, riboflavin 0.5～10mg, thiamine 0.1～1mg, calcium 5～15g, phosphorus 1～3g, magnesium 20～100mg, copper 1～10mg, manganese 5～20mg, zinc 5～20mg, iron 10～25mg, selenium 0.01～0.1mg, iodine 0.01mg～0.1mg, methionine 0.5～2g, lysine 0.5～3g, tryptophan 0.5～3g, surplus is a corn.

2. according to the egg feedstuff of the said enrichment n-3 of claim 1 aliphatic acid, it is characterized in that, contain among every 1000g:

Linseed grouts 30～80g; Strange inferior seed 5～20g; Hawthorn 10～20g; Zeolite powder 10～30g; White carbon 20～60g; Fish meal 40～120g; Dregs of beans 40～80g; Wheat bran 40～80g; Silkworm chrysalis 40～80g; Carrot 5～20g; Oyster shell whiting 5g～15g; Bone meal 5～15g; Soya-bean oil 5～15g; Garlic powder 1～3g; Salt 1～3g; Zytase 0.1～1g; Phytase 0.1～0.5g; Lysozyme 0.1～0.5g; Vitamin A 300～800IU; Vitamin D 50～100ICU; Vitamin E 2～5mg; Vitamin K 0.02～0.1mg; Cobastab ₁₂0.001～0.01mg, biotin 0.01～0.05mg, choline 0.1～0.3g, folic acid 0.05～0.1mg, nicotinic acid 1～5mg, pantothenic acid 0.5～3mg, Cobastab ₆0.5～2mg, riboflavin 0.5～2mg, thiamine 0.1～0.5mg, calcium 5～10g, phosphorus 1～2g, magnesium 20～80mg, copper 1～5mg, manganese 5～15mg, zinc 5～15mg, iron 10～20mg, selenium 0.01～0.05mg, iodine 0.01mg～0.05mg, methionine 0.5～1g, lysine 0.5～1g, tryptophan 0.5～1g, surplus is a corn.

3. the egg feedstuff production method of an enrichment n-3 aliphatic acid may further comprise the steps:

A. prepare B B-complex: take by weighing each vitamin by prescription, mix with an amount of zeolite powder or white carbon;

Preparation composite mineral matter: take by weighing each mineral matter by prescription, mix with an amount of zeolite powder or white carbon;

Preparation compound amino acid: take by weighing each amino acid by prescription, mix with an amount of zeolite powder or white carbon;

Preparation complex enzyme: take by weighing each enzyme by prescription, mix with an amount of zeolite powder or white carbon or corn flour;

With the B B-complex that makes, composite mineral matter, compound amino acid, complex enzyme, mix with zeolite powder, white carbon, process premix;

B. take by weighing other raw material by prescription, mix, process egg feedstuff with above-mentioned premix;

Said feed formula for laying hen is to contain among every 1000g:

Linseed grouts 20～100g; Strange inferior seed 5～50g; Hawthorn 10～30g; Zeolite powder 10～50g; White carbon 20～100g; Fish meal 40～150g; Dregs of beans 40～100g; Wheat bran 40～80g; Silkworm chrysalis 40～80g; Carrot 5～20g; Oyster shell whiting 5g～15g; Bone meal 5～15g; Soya-bean oil 5～15g; Garlic powder 1～5g; Salt 1～3g; Zytase 0.1～1g; Phytase 0.1～0.5g; Lysozyme 0.1～0.5g; Vitamin A 300～1500IU; Vitamin D 50～500ICU; Vitamin E 2～10mg; Vitamin K 0.02～0.5mg; Cobastab ₁₂0.001～0.05mg, biotin 0.01～0.1mg, choline 0.1～0.5g, folic acid 0.05～0.5mg, nicotinic acid 1～10mg, pantothenic acid 0.5～10mg, Cobastab ₆0.5～10mg, riboflavin 0.5～10mg, thiamine 0.1～1mg, calcium 5～15g, phosphorus 1～3g, magnesium 20～100mg, copper 1～10mg, manganese 5～20mg, zinc 5～20mg, iron 10～25mg, selenium 0.01～0.1mg, iodine 0.01mg～0.1mg, methionine 0.5～2g, lysine 0.5～3g, tryptophan 0.5～3g, surplus is a corn.

4. according to the egg feedstuff production method of the said enrichment n-3 of claim 3 aliphatic acid, it is characterized in that said feed formula for laying hen is to contain among every 1000g:

Linseed grouts 30～80g; Strange inferior seed 5～20g; Hawthorn 10～20g; Zeolite powder 10～30g; White carbon 20～60g; Fish meal 40～120g; Dregs of beans 40～80g; Wheat bran 40～80g; Silkworm chrysalis 40～80g; Carrot 5～20g; Oyster shell whiting 5g～15g; Bone meal 5～15g; Soya-bean oil 5～15g; Garlic powder 1～3g; Salt 1～3g; Zytase 0.1～1g; Phytase 0.1～0.5g; Lysozyme 0.1～0.5g; Vitamin A 300～800IU; Vitamin D 50～100ICU; Vitamin E 2～5mg; Vitamin K 0.02～0.1mg; Cobastab ₁₂0.001～0.01mg, biotin 0.01～0.05mg, choline 0.1～0.3g, folic acid 0.05～0.1mg, nicotinic acid 1～5mg, pantothenic acid 0.5～3mg, Cobastab ₆0.5～2mg, riboflavin 0.5～2mg, thiamine 0.1～0.5mg, calcium 5～10g, phosphorus 1～2g, magnesium 20～80mg, copper 1～5mg, manganese 5～15mg, zinc 5～15mg, iron 10～20mg, selenium 0.01～0.05mg, iodine 0.01mg～0.05mg, methionine 0.5～1g, lysine 0.5～1g, tryptophan 0.5～1g, surplus is a corn.