CN102316728A - 针对6-(三取代的苯基)-4-氨基吡啶-2-羧酸类化合物对直播水稻和移植水稻的除草剂损伤的安全剂 - Google Patents
针对6-(三取代的苯基)-4-氨基吡啶-2-羧酸类化合物对直播水稻和移植水稻的除草剂损伤的安全剂 Download PDFInfo
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- 0 *c(c(O*)c1*)ccc1-c1cc(N)c(*)c(C(O)=O)n1 Chemical compound *c(c(O*)c1*)ccc1-c1cc(N)c(*)c(C(O)=O)n1 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
使用以下物质来降低直播水稻和移植水稻中由6-(三取代的苯基)-4-氨基吡啶-2-羧酸类化合物造成的除草剂损伤,所述物质为氟丁酰草胺、双草醚、唑草酯、解草酯、氰氟草酯、杀草隆、二氯丙烯胺、哌草丹、解草唑、解草啶、氟草肟、解草噁唑、氯吡嘧磺隆、双苯噁唑酸、吡唑解草酯、哒草伏、解草腈、三氯吡啶酚、磺草酮、AD67和它们的混合物。
Description
本申请要求2008年11月24日提交的美国临时申请61/117,335的优选权。
技术领域
本发明涉及针对直播水稻(direct seeded paddy rice)和移植水稻(transplanted paddy rice)中由6-(三取代的苯基)-4-氨基吡啶-2-羧酸类化合物造成的除草剂损伤(herbicidal injury)的安全剂(safening)。
背景技术
当使用农药诸如植物保护剂且特别是除草剂时,栽培植物可受到一定程度的损伤,这取决于多种因素诸如农药的剂量及其施用方法、栽培植物的种类、土壤性质和气候条件(例如光照时长、温度和降水量)。因此,已知的是,当使用有效剂量的除草剂时,待保护以免受不期望的植物生长的不利影响的栽培植物可受到一定程度的损伤。已经提出能够特别防止除草剂对栽培植物的不利影响(即保护栽培植物同时不显著影响对需要除去的杂草的除草作用)的各种物质以解决该问题。然而,已经发现的是,所提出的解毒剂常常仅具有窄的使用领域,即具体的解毒剂常常仅适于用于个别种类的栽培植物和/或保护栽培植物以免受个别除草物质或物质类别的影响。
美国专利7,314,849B2描述了一些6-(多取代的芳基)-4-氨基吡啶-2-羧酸类化合物及它们作为除草剂的用途。尽管已经证实这些化合物中的一些就在直播水稻和移植水稻中防治不期望的植物而言是特别有效的除草剂,但也已经证实它们在适当防治不期望的植物所需要的浓度时对水稻产生轻微程度的损伤。
发明内容
现已令人惊讶地发现,一些具有生长素性(auxinic)作用模式的6-(三取代的芳基)-4-氨基吡啶-2-羧酸类化合物对水稻的植物毒性作用可通过使用一些安全剂或一些能够提供安全性的除草剂来缓解。本发明涉及保护直播水稻和移植水稻以免受式(I)6-(三取代的苯基)-4-氨基吡啶-2-羧酸类除草剂及其农业用盐、酯和酰胺衍生物的有害作用的方法,
式(I)为:
其中hal表示F、Cl或Br且R表示甲基或乙基,
所述方法包括使直播水稻和移植水稻与安全剂或能够提供安全性的相容除草剂接触,或将安全剂或能够提供安全性的相容除草剂施用至栽培区域,所述安全剂或能够提供安全性的相容除草剂选自AD67、氟丁酰草胺(beflubutamid)、双草醚(bispyribac)、唑草酯(carfentrazone)、解草酯(cloquintocet)、氰氟草酯(cyhalofop)、杀草隆(daimuron)、二氯丙烯胺(dichlormid)、哌草丹(dimepiperate)、解草唑(fenchlorazole)、解草啶(fenclorim)、氟草肟(fluxofenim)、解草噁唑(furilazole)、氯吡嘧磺隆(halosulfuron)、双苯噁唑酸(isoxadifen)、吡唑解草酯(mefenpyr)、哒草伏(norflurazon)、解草腈(oxabetrinil)、三氯吡啶酚(pyriclor)、磺草酮(sulcotrione)和它们的混合物。
本发明还涉及保护直播水稻和移植水稻以免受式(I)6-(三取代的苯基)-4-氨基吡啶-2-羧酸类除草剂及其农业用盐、酯和酰胺衍生物的有害作用的组合物,
式(I)为:
其中hal表示F、Cl或Br且R表示甲基或乙基,
所述组合物除6-(三取代的苯基)-4-氨基吡啶-2-羧酸类除草剂外还包含活性安全剂或能够提供安全性的相容除草剂,所述安全剂或能够提供安全性的相容除草剂选自AD67、氟丁酰草胺、双草醚、唑草酯、解草酯、氰氟草酯、杀草隆、二氯丙烯胺、哌草丹、解草唑、解草啶、氟草肟、解草噁唑、氯吡嘧磺隆、双苯噁唑酸、吡唑解草酯、哒草伏、解草腈、三氯吡啶酚、磺草酮和它们的混合物。在优选的组合物中,所述6-(三取代的苯基)-4-氨基吡啶-2-羧酸类除草剂为4-氨基-3-氯-6-(4-氯-2-氟-3-甲氧基苯基)吡啶-2-羧酸衍生物或4-氨基-3-氯-6-(2,4-二氯-3-甲氧基苯基)吡啶-2-羧酸衍生物。在优选的组合物中,所述安全剂为解草酯或双苯噁唑酸。
式(I)吡啶羧酸类化合物为一类具有除草活性的新颖化合物。多种吡啶羧酸类化合物参见美国专利7,314,849B2,包括4-氨基-3-氯-6-(4-氯-2-氟-3-甲氧基苯基)吡啶-2-羧酸(化合物1)和4-氨基-3-氯-6-(2,4-二氯-3-甲氧基苯基)吡啶-2-羧酸(化合物2)。式(I)吡啶羧酸类化合物在水稻中防治一年生窄叶杂草(grass weeds)、阔叶杂草(broadleaf weeds)和莎草(sedges),但在商用除草剂量时对水稻具有植物毒性。
AD67(MON 4660)为4-(二氯乙酰基)-1-氧杂-4-氮杂螺[4,5]癸烷的通用名。其安全剂活性参见The Pesticide Manual,Thirteenth Edition,2003。AD67(MON 4660)在玉米中用作安全剂。
氟丁酰草胺为2-[4-氟-3-(三氟甲基)苯氧基]-N-(苯基甲基)丁酰胺的通用名。其除草活性参见The Pesticide Manual,Fourteenth Edition,2006。氟丁酰草胺是正在开发的化合物,单独使用或以与异丙隆(isoproturon)的混合物形式使用,在小麦和大麦中用于在出苗前和在出苗后早期防治阔叶杂草例如阿拉伯婆婆纳(Veronica persica)、宝盖草(Lamium amplexicaule)和耕地三色堇(Viola arvensis)。
双草醚为2,6-二[(4,6-二甲氧基嘧啶-2-基)氧基]苯甲酸的通用名。其除草活性参见The Pesticide Manual,Fourteenth Edition,2006。双草醚-钠防治直播水稻中的窄叶杂草、莎草和阔叶杂草。
唑草酯为α,2-二氯-5-[4-(二氟甲基)-4,5-二氢-3-甲基-5-氧代-1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基]-4-氟苯丙酸的通用名。其除草活性参见The Pesticide Manual,Fourteenth Edition,2006。唑草酯-乙基防治谷类作物和水稻中的很多种阔叶杂草。
解草酯为[(5-氯喹啉-8-基)氧基]乙酸的通用名。其安全剂活性参见ThePesticide Manual,Fourteenth Edition,2006。解草酯在小粒谷类作物中用作安全剂。
氰氟草酯为(2R)-2-[4-(4-氰基-2-氟苯氧基)苯氧基]丙酸的通用名。其除草活性参见The Pesticide Manual,Fourteenth Edition,2006。氰氟草酯-丁基防治水稻中的窄叶杂草。
杀草隆为N-(4-甲基苯基)-N’-(1-甲基-1-苯基乙基)脲的通用名。其除草活性参见The Pesticide Manual,Fourteenth Edition,2006。杀草隆防治水稻中的莎草和一年生窄叶杂草。
二氯丙烯胺为N,N-二烯丙基-2,2-二氯乙酰胺的通用名。其安全剂活性参见The Pesticide Manual,Fourteenth Edition,2006。二氯丙烯胺用作针对玉米和高粱的安全剂。
哌草丹为S-(1-甲基-1-苯基乙基)哌啶-1-硫代羧酸酯的通用名。其除草活性参见The Pesticide Manual,Fourteenth Edition,2006。哌草丹防治水稻中的稗草(Echinochloa crus-galli)。
解草唑为1-(2,4-二氯苯基)-5-(三氯甲基)-1H-1,2,4-三唑-3-羧酸的通用名。其安全剂活性参见The Pesticide Manual,Fourteenth Edition,2006。解草唑在小麦、黑麦和黑小麦中用作安全剂。
解草啶为4,6-二氯-2-苯基嘧啶的通用名。其安全剂活性参见ThePesticide Manual,Fourteenth Edition,2006。解草啶在直播水稻中用作安全剂。
氟草肟为1-(4-氯苯基)-2,2,2-三氟乙酮O-(1,3-二氧杂环戊烷-2-基甲基)肟的通用名。其安全剂活性参见The Pesticide Manual,Fourteenth Edition,2006。氟草肟在高粱中用作安全剂。
解草噁唑为3-(二氯乙酰基)-5-(呋喃-2-基)-2,2-二甲基-噁唑烷的通用名。其安全剂活性参见The Pesticide Manual,Fourteenth Edition,2006。解草噁唑在玉米中用作安全剂。
氯吡嘧磺隆为3-氯-5-[[[[(4,6-二甲氧基嘧啶-2-基)氨基]羰基]氨基]磺酰基]-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-羧酸的通用名。其除草活性参见The Pesticide Manual,Fourteenth Edition,2006。氯吡嘧磺隆-甲基防治水稻中的一年生阔叶杂草和香附子。
双苯噁唑酸-乙基为4,5-二氢-5,5-二苯基-异噁唑-3-羧酸乙酯的通用名。其安全剂活性参见The Pesticide Manual,Fourteenth Edition,2006。双苯噁唑酸在玉米中用作安全剂。
吡唑解草酯为1-(2,4-二氯苯基)-4,5-二氢-5-甲基-1H-吡唑-3,5-二羧酸的通用名。其安全剂活性参见The Pesticide Manual,Fourteenth Edition,2006。吡唑解草酯在小麦、黑麦、黑小麦和大麦中用作安全剂。
哒草伏为4-氯-5-(甲基氨基)-2-[3-(三氟甲基)苯基]哒嗪-3(2H)-酮的通用名。其除草活性参见The Pesticide Manual,Fourteenth Edition,2006。哒草伏用于在出苗前防治窄叶杂草和莎草及一些阔叶杂草。
解草腈为(αZ)-α-[(1,3-二氧杂环戊烷-2-基)甲氧基亚氨基]苯乙腈的通用名。其安全剂活性参见The Pesticide Manual,Fourteenth Edition,2006。解草腈在高粱中用作安全剂。
三氯吡啶酚为2,3,5-三氯吡啶-4-醇的通用名。
磺草酮为2-[2-氯-4-(甲基磺酰基)苯甲酰基]环己烷-1,3-二酮的通用名。其除草活性参见The Pesticide Manual,Fourteenth Edition,2006。磺草酮防治窄叶杂草和阔叶杂草。
本申请使用的术语“除草剂”表示杀死植物、防治植物或以其它不利方式改变植物生长的活性成分。除草有效量或植被防治量是活性成分引起不利改变作用(包括背离自然发育、杀死、调节、脱水、延迟等)的量。术语“植物(plant)”和“植被(vegetation)”包括发芽的种子(germinant seed)、萌发的幼苗(emerging seedling)和长成的植被(established vegetation)。本申请使用的术语“安全剂”是指选择性保护作物以免受除草剂损伤而不显著降低针对靶标杂草物种的活性的化合物。
当所述化合物在任何生长阶段或在种植或萌发前经由叶子、土壤或水而直接施用至植物或植物所在地时,它们显示出除草活性。观察到的作用取决于待防治的植物物种、植物的生长阶段、施用参数即稀释度和喷雾液滴大小、固体组分的粒度、使用时的环境条件、所使用的具体化合物、所使用的具体辅料和载体、土壤类型、稻田用水质量和深度等及所使用的化学物质量。本领域已知的是,可对这些和其它因素进行调整以促进非选择性或选择性除草作用。通常优选的是,将本发明组合物在萌发后施用至相对未成熟的不期望的植被以实现对杂草的最大防治。
当使用有效剂量的除草剂时,待保护以免受不期望的植物生长的不利影响的栽培植物可受到一定程度的损伤。安全剂是指防止除草剂对栽培植物的不利影响,即保护栽培植物同时不显著影响对需要除去的杂草的除草作用。
在本发明组合物中,式(I)吡啶羧酸类化合物与安全剂的重量比为2∶1至1∶32,对栽培植物的除草作用在所述重量比时是安全的。
施用安全性组合物的比例将取决于待防治的具体杂草类型、所需要的防治程度及施用的时间和方法。通常,本发明组合物可按20克/公顷(g/ha)至1250g/ha的施用率来施用,这取决于组合物中式(I)吡啶羧酸类化合物和安全剂的总量。在本发明特别优选的实施方案中,解草酯的施用率为13g/ha至560g/ha且式(I)吡啶羧酸类成分的施用率为7g/ha至140g/ha。还特别优选的是,双苯噁唑酸以35g/ha至1120g/ha的施用率来施用。
本发明式(I)吡啶羧酸类化合物和安全剂作为多重除草剂系统中的一部分可分开施用或一起施用。
本发明除草剂-安全剂混合物可与一种或多种其它除草剂一起施用以防治更多种不期望的植被。当与其它除草剂联用时,可将所述组合物与其它一种或多种除草剂配制在一起、与其它一种或多种除草剂在容器中混合或与其它一种或多种除草剂先后施用。可与本发明安全性组合物联用的一些水稻除草剂包括2,4-D酯和胺、刈草胺(acetochlor)、三氟羧草醚(acifuorfen)、苯草醚(aclonifen)、AE0172747、草不绿(alachlor)、磺氨磺隆(amidosulfuron)、aminocyclopyrachlor、氨基三唑(aminotriazole)、硫代氰酸铵(ammoniumthiocyanate)、anilifos、莠去津(atrazine)、AVH 301、四唑磺隆(azimsulfuron)、呋草磺(benfuresate)、苄嘧磺隆-甲基(bensulfuron-methyl)、噻草平(bentazone)、杀草丹(benthiocarb)、苯并双环酮(benzobicyclon)、治草醚(bifenox)、除草定(bromacil)、溴苯腈(bromoxynil)、丁草胺(butachlor)、氟丙嘧草酯(butafenacil)、地乐胺(butralin)、唑草胺(cafenstrole)、长杀草(carbetamide)、氯甲丹(chlorflurenol)、氯嘧磺隆(chlorimuron)、氯苯胺灵(chlorpropham)、醚磺隆(cinosulfuron)、烯草酮(clethodim)、异噁草酮(clomazone)、二氯吡啶酸(clopyralid)、唑嘧磺胺盐-甲基(cloransulam-methyl)、环丙磺隆(cyclosulfamuron)、噻草酮(cycloxydim)、麦草畏(dicamba)、敌草腈(dichlobenil)、2,4-滴丙酸(dichlorprop-P)、唑嘧磺胺(diclosulam)、吡氟酰草胺(diflufenican)、二氟吡隆(diflufenzopyr)、二甲吩草胺(dimethenamid)、二甲吩草胺(dimethenamid-P)、敌草快(diquat)、氟硫草定(dithiopyr)、敌草隆(diuron)、EK2612、EPTC、禾草畏(esprocarb)、ET-751、乙氧嘧磺隆(ethoxysulfuron)、ethbenzanid、F7967、噁唑禾草灵(fenoxaprop)、高噁唑禾草灵-乙基(fenoxaprop-ethyl)、高噁唑禾草灵-乙基+双苯噁唑酸乙酯(isoxadifen-ethyl)、四唑草胺(fentrazamide)、啶嘧磺隆(flazasulfuron)、双氟磺草胺(florasulam)、吡氟禾草灵(fluazifop)、精吡氟禾草灵-丁基(fluazifop-P-butyl)、氟吡磺隆(flucetosulfuron)、氟噻草胺(flufenacet)、氟哒嗪草酯-乙基(flufenpyr-ethyl)、氟唑啶草(flumetsulam)、氟烯草酸-戊基(flumiclorac-pentyl)、丙炔氟草胺(flumioxazin)、伏草隆(fluometuron)、氟啶磺隆(flupyrsulfuron)、氟草烟(fluroxypyr)、氟磺胺草醚(fomesafen)、甲酰胺磺隆(foramsulfuron)、fumiclorac、草铵膦(glufosinate)、草铵膦-铵(glufosinate-ammonium)、草甘膦(glyphosate)、氟吡禾灵-甲基(haloxyfop-methyl)、氟吡禾灵-R(haloxyfop-R)、咪草酯(imazamethabenz)、咪草啶酸(imazamox)、甲咪唑烟酸(imazapic)、灭草烟(imazapyr)、灭草喹(imazaquin)、咪草烟(imazethapyr)、啶咪磺隆(imazosulfuron)、茚草酮(indanofan)、碘磺隆(iodosulfuron)、碘苯腈(ioxynil)、IR 5790、异丙隆(isoproturon)、异噁酰草胺(isoxaben)、异噁氟草酮(isoxaflutole)、KUH-021、乳氟禾草灵(lactofen)、利谷隆(linuron)、MCPA、MCPA酯和胺、精2甲4氯丙酸(mecoprop-P)、苯噻酰草胺(mefenacet)、甲基二磺隆(mesosulfuron)、甲基磺草酮(mesotrione)、噁唑酰草胺(metamifop)、异丙甲草胺(metolachlor)、唑草磺胺(metosulam)、嗪草酮(metribuzin)、甲磺隆(metsulfuron)、草达灭(molinate)、MSMA、敌草胺(napropamide)、烟嘧磺隆(nicosulfuron)、OK-9701、orthosulfamuron、黄草消(oryzalin)、炔丙噁唑草(oxadiargyl)、噁草灵(oxadiazon)、oxazichlomefone、乙氧氟草醚(oxyfluorfen)、百草枯(paraquat)、胺硝草(pendimethalin)、五氟磺草胺(penoxsulam)、戊噁唑草(pentoxazone)、烯草胺(pethoxamid)、氨氯吡啶酸(picloram)、氟吡酰草胺(picolinafen)、哌草磷(piperophos)、丙草胺(pretilachlor)、环苯草酮(profoxydim)、毒草安(propachlor)、敌稗(propanil)、炔苯酰草胺(propyzamide)、苄草丹(prosulfocarb)、氟丙磺隆(prosulfuron)、双唑草腈(pyraclonil)、pyrazogyl、吡嘧磺隆(pyrazosulfuron)、嘧苯草肟(pyribenzoxim)、环酯草醚(pyriftalid)、肟啶草-甲基(pyriminobac-methyl)、氟嘧磺隆(primisulfuron)、pyroxsulam、二氯喹啉酸(quinclorac)、喹禾灵-乙基-D(quizalofop-ethyl-D)、S-3252、稀禾定(sethoxydim)、西玛津(simazine)、SL-0401、SL-0402、s-异丙甲草胺(s-metolachlor)、磺胺草唑(sulfentrazone)、sulfosate、丁唑隆(tebuthiuron)、特草定(terbacil)、TH-547、噻草啶(thiazopyr)、禾草丹(thiobencarb)、绿草定(triclopyr)、绿草定酯和胺、氟乐灵(trifluralin)和三氟甲磺隆(tritosulfuron)。
本发明安全性组合物还可与草甘膦、草铵膦、麦草畏、咪唑啉酮类化合物或2,4-D一起用于耐草甘膦、耐草铵膦、耐麦草畏、耐咪唑啉酮类化合物或耐2,4-D的作物。通常优选的是,本发明除草剂-安全剂混合物与以下除草剂联用,所述除草剂在所使用的施用率时对所处置的作物具有选择性且对这些化合物所防治的杂草谱进行补充。通常还优选的是,本发明安全性组合物和其它补充性除草剂以组合制剂或容器混合物的形式同时施用。
在实践中,优选在含有除草有效量的除草组分及至少一种农用辅料或载体的混合物中使用本发明安全性组合物。合适的辅料或载体不应该对有价值的作物具有植物毒性,特别是施用组合物时所使用的浓度是为了在存在作物时进行选择性杂草防治且不应该与除草组分或其它组合物成分发生化学反应。这些混合物可被设计成直接施用至杂草或它们的所在地,或可以是通常在施用前用其它载体和辅料稀释的浓缩物(concentrate)或制剂。它们可以是固体例如粉尘、颗粒、水可分散性颗粒或可润湿性粉末或液体例如乳油(emulsifiable concentrate)、溶液、乳液或混悬液。
可用于制备本发明除草剂混合物的合适农用辅料和载体是本领域技术人员熟知的。这些辅料中的一些包括但不限于作物油浓缩物(矿物油(85%)+乳化剂(15%));壬基苯酚乙氧基化物;苄基可可烷基二甲基季铵盐;石油烃、烷基酯、有机酸和阴离子表面活性剂的共混物;C9-C11烷基多聚糖苷;磷酸化醇乙氧基化物;天然伯醇(C12-C16)乙氧基化物;二仲丁基苯酚EO-PO嵌段共聚物;聚硅氧烷-甲基封端;壬基苯酚乙氧基化物+脲硝酸铵;乳化甲基化种子油;十三醇(合成)乙氧基化物(8EO);牛油胺乙氧基化物(15EO);PEG(400)二油酸酯-99。
可使用的液体载体包括水、甲苯、二甲苯、石脑油、作物油、丙酮、甲基乙基酮、环己酮、三氯乙烯、四氯乙烯、乙酸乙酯、乙酸戊酯、乙酸丁酯、丙二醇单甲醚和二甘醇单甲醚、甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇、戊醇、乙二醇、丙二醇、甘油、N-甲基吡咯烷-2-酮、N,N-二甲基烷基酰胺、二甲基亚砜、液体肥料等。水通常是稀释浓缩物所选择的载体。
合适的固体载体包括滑石、叶蜡石(pyrophyllite clay)、硅石、活性白土(attapulgus clay)、高岭土、硅藻土(kieselguhr)、白垩(chalk)、硅藻土(diatomaceous earth)、石灰、碳酸钙、膨润土、漂白土(Fuller’s earth)、棉子壳(cotton seed hull)、小麦粉、大豆粉、浮石(pumice)、木粉、胡桃壳粉(walnutshell flour)、木质素等。
通常期望的是,将一种或多种表面活性剂加到本发明组合物中。所述表面活性剂有利地用于固体和液体组合物,尤其是那些被设计成在施用前用载体稀释的组合物。表面活性剂的性质可以是阴离子的、阳离子的或非离子的且可用作乳化剂、润湿剂、助悬剂或用于其它目的。通常用于制剂领域且也可用于本申请制剂的表面活性剂具体参见“McCutcheon’s Detergents andEmulsifiers Annual,”MC Publishing Corp.,Ridgewood,New Jersey,1998 and in“Encyclopedia of Surfactants,”Vol.I-III,Chemical Publishing Co.,New York,198-801。典型的表面活性剂包括烷基硫酸盐,例如月桂基硫酸二乙醇铵;烷基芳基磺酸盐,例如十二烷基苯磺酸钙;烷基酚-氧化烯加成产物,例如壬基苯酚-C18乙氧基化物;醇-氧化烯加成产物,例如十三烷基醇-C16乙氧基化物;皂类,例如硬脂酸钠;烷基萘磺酸盐,例如二丁基萘磺酸钠;磺基琥珀酸盐的二烷基酯,例如二(2-乙基己基)磺基琥珀酸钠;山梨醇酯,例如山梨醇油酸酯;季铵,例如月桂基三甲基氯化铵;脂肪酸的聚乙二醇酯,例如聚乙二醇硬脂酸酯;环氧乙烷和环氧丙烷的嵌段共聚物;磷酸单烷基酯的盐和磷酸二烷基酯的盐;植物油,例如大豆油、菜籽油、橄榄油、蓖麻油、葵花子油、椰子油、玉米油、棉籽油、亚麻子油、棕榈油、花生油、红花油、麻油、桐油等;及上述植物油的酯。
通常用于农业组合物的其它添加剂包括相容剂(compatibility agent)、消泡剂、掩蔽剂(sequestering agent)、中和剂和缓冲剂、缓蚀剂(corrosioninhibitor)、染料、芳香剂(odorant)、铺展剂(spreading agent)、渗透助剂、粘着剂、分散剂、增稠剂、防冻剂(freezing point depressant)、抗微生物剂等。所述组合物还可含有其它相容性组分例如其它除草剂、植物生长调节剂、杀真菌剂、杀虫剂等且可与液体肥料或固体颗粒肥料载体例如硝酸铵、脲等配制在一起。
活性成分在本发明除草剂-安全剂混合物中的浓度通常为0.001至98wt%(重量百分数)。通常使用0.01至90wt%的浓度。在被设计成以浓缩物的形式使用的组合物中,活性成分通常以5至98wt%优选为10至90wt%的浓度存在。所述组合物在施用前通常用惰性载体(例如水)稀释。通常施用至杂草或杂草所在地的稀释组合物一般含有0.0001至1wt%活性成分且优选含有0.001至0.05wt%活性成分。
可通过使用常规地面或空气撒粉器、喷雾器和颗粒施用器或通过加到稻田用水或灌溉用水中及通过本领域技术人员已知的其它常规方式将本发明组合物施用至杂草或其所在地。
具体实施方式
以下实施例说明了本发明。
对直播水稻中出苗后的除草安全性进行评价
将待测植物物种的种子或果仁(nutlet)种植在土壤基质中,所述土壤基质如下制备:将壤土(43%粉砂、19%粘土和38%沙子,其pH为8.1且有机物含量为1.5%)和河沙以80∶20的比例混合。将土壤基质装在表面积为139.7平方厘米(cm2)的塑料盆中。当需要保证发芽良好和植物健康时,进行杀真菌处理和/或其它化学或物理处理。使植物在光照时间为约14小时(h)的温室中生长10-17天(d),所述温室在日间保持在29℃且在夜间保持在26℃。有规律地加入营养物质和水且必要时用顶置金属卤化物1000瓦灯提供补充光照。当植物达到第二片或第三片真叶阶段时,将它们用于测试。
处理包括单独使用和组合使用的化合物1的酯或盐或化合物2的酯或盐和各种安全剂。将量经称重的物质置于25毫升(mL)玻璃小瓶中且在一定体积的97∶3体积/体积(v/v)丙酮/二甲基亚砜(DMSO)中溶解以得到12×原液。如果测试化合物不易溶解,则对混合物进行温热和/或超声波处理。将浓的原液加到喷雾溶液中,从而使丙酮和DMSO的最终浓度分别为16.2%和0.5%。喷雾溶液通过加入1.5%(v/v)Agri-dex作物油浓缩物的10mL含水混合物而稀释至适当的最终浓度。最终的喷雾溶液含有1.25%(v/v)Agri-dex作物油浓缩物。当施用率为187升/公顷(L/ha)时,化合物需要量基于12mL施用体积。所配制的化合物用配备有8002E喷嘴的顶置Mandel轨道喷雾器施用至植物材料,所述轨道喷雾器被校正为在0.503平方米(m2)的施用面积上施用187L/ha且喷雾高度为在平均植物株冠上方18英寸(43厘米(cm))。对照植物以相同方式用空白溶剂喷雾。
将经处理的植物和对照植物置于上述温室中且以地下灌溉的方式给水以防止洗掉测试化合物。3周后,以目测方式对测试植物的状态与对照植物的状态进行比较且按0至100%的等级打分,其中0对应于没有任何损伤且100对应于完全杀死。
Colby’s方程式用于确定混合物的预期除草作用(Colby,S.R.Calculationof the synergistic and antagonistic response of herbicide combinations.Weeds1967,15,20-22.)。
以下方程式用于计算含有两种活性成分即A和B的混合物的预期活性:
期望值=A+B-(A×B/100)
A=所观察到的活性成分A在与混合物中所用相同的浓度时的功效
B=所观察到的活性成分B在与混合物中所用相同的浓度时的功效
所测试的一些安全剂-除草剂组合、所使用的施用率和比例、所测试的植物物种和结果示于表1-18中。
表1:除草组合物对水稻的安全剂活性
表2:除草组合物对水稻的安全剂活性
表3:除草组合物对水稻的安全剂活性
表4:除草组合物对水稻的安全剂活性
表5:除草组合物对水稻的安全剂活性
表6:除草组合物对水稻的安全剂活性
表7:除草组合物对水稻的安全剂活性
表8:除草组合物对水稻的安全剂活性
表9:除草组合物对水稻的安全剂活性
表10:除草组合物对水稻的安全剂活性
表11:除草组合物对水稻的安全剂活性
表12:除草组合物对水稻的安全剂活性
表13:除草组合物对水稻的安全剂活性
表14:除草组合物对水稻的安全剂活性
表15:除草组合物对水稻的安全剂活性
表16:除草组合物对水稻的安全剂活性
表17:除草组合物对水稻的安全剂活性
表18:除草组合物对水稻的安全剂活性
ORYSA=Oryza sativa‘Cheniere’、‘Cocodrie’、‘Lemont’、‘M202’、‘Wells’和‘Clearfield’(水稻)
ECHCO=光头稗(Echinochloa colonum,junglerice)
SEBEX=田菁(Sesbania exaltata,hemp sesbania)
CYPDI=异型莎草(Cyperus difformis,small-flower flatsedge)
Obs=观察值
Exp=预期计算值
g ai/ha=克活性成分/公顷
g ae/ha=克酸等价物/公顷
对移植水稻中的除草安全性进行评价
将待测植物物种的杂草种子或果仁种植在淤泥(泥浆(mud))中,所述淤泥如下制备:将未灭菌的矿质土(28%粉砂、18%粘土和54%沙子,其pH为7.3至7.8且有机物含量为1.0%)和水以100千克(kg)土壤∶19升(L)水的比例混合。将所制备的泥浆以250mL等分物分散到480mL无穿孔塑料盆中,所述盆的表面积为91.6cm2且在每个盆中留有3cm顶部空间。在塑料塞托盘中将水稻种子种植在Sun Gro MetroMix 306种植混合物(其pH通常为6.0至6.8且有机物含量为30%)中。在施用除草剂前四天,将处于第二片或第三片叶子生长阶段的幼苗转移到650mL泥浆中,所述泥浆装在表面积为91.6cm2的960mL无穿孔塑料盆中。稻田通过用水填充盆中的3cm顶部空间来产生。当需要保证发芽良好和植物健康时,进行杀真菌处理和/或其它化学或物理处理。使植物在光照时间为约14h的温室中生长4-14d,所述温室在日间保持在29℃且在夜间保持在26℃。加入营养物质,其为Osmocote(17∶6∶10 氮∶磷∶钾(N∶P∶K)+少量营养物质)和2克(g)/杯。有规律地加入水以保持稻田溢流且必要时用顶置金属卤化物1000瓦灯提供补充光照。当植物达到第二片或第三片真叶阶段时,将它们用于测试。
处理包括单独使用和组合使用的化合物1的酯或盐或化合物2的酯或盐和各种安全剂。对于工业级化合物和安全剂,将量经称重的物质(通过待测试的最高施用率来确定)置于各个120mL玻璃小瓶中且在20mL丙酮中溶解以得到浓的原液。如果测试化合物不易溶解,则对混合物进行温热和/或超声波处理。所得浓的原液用含有2.5%(v/v)Agri-dex作物油浓缩物的20mL含水混合物稀释。对于所配制的化合物和安全剂,将量经称重的物质(通过待测试的最高施用率来确定)置于各个120mL玻璃小瓶中且在20mL2.5%(v/v)Agri-dex作物油浓缩物中溶解以得到浓的原液。所得浓的原液用20mL丙酮稀释。如下进行施用:将适当量的原液注入到稻田的水层中。对照植物以相同方式用空白溶剂处理。所有经处理的植物材料接受相同浓度的丙酮和作物油浓缩物。
将经处理的植物和对照植物置于上述温室中且根据需要加入水以保持稻田溢流。3周后,以目测方式对测试植物的状态与未经处理的植物的状态进行比较且按0至100%的等级打分,其中0对应于没有任何损伤且100对应于完全杀死。
所测试的一些化合物、所使用的施用率、所测试的植物物种和结果示于表19-26中。
表19:除草组合物对水稻的安全剂活性
表20:除草组合物对水稻的安全剂活性
表21:除草组合物对水稻的安全剂活性
表22:除草组合物对水稻的安全剂活性
表23:除草组合物对水稻的安全剂活性
表24:除草组合物对水稻的安全剂活性
表25:除草组合物对水稻的安全剂活性
表26:除草组合物对水稻的安全剂活性
ORYSA=Oryza sativa‘Lemont’或‘M202’(水稻)
MOOVA=鸭舌草(Monochoria vaginalis,monochoria)
CYPDI=异型莎草
ECHCO=稗草(Echinochloa crus-galli,barnyardgrass)
SCPJU=萤蔺(Scirpus juncoides,Japanese bulrush)
TEA=三乙胺
Obs=观察值
Exp=预期计算值
g ai/ha=克活性成分/公顷
g ae/ha=克酸等价物/公顷
对水稻种子处理后直播水稻中出苗后的除草活性进行评价
如上面“对直播水稻中出苗后的除草安全性进行评价”一节中所述进行研究,不同的是将水稻种子在1.9ppm(百万分数)安全剂溶液中浸泡24小时,然后进行直播。
所测试的一些化合物、所使用的施用率和结果示于表27中。
表27:除草组合物对水稻的安全剂活性
ORYSA=Oryza sativa‘Lemont’(水稻)
Obs=观察值
Exp=预期计算值
g ae/ha=克酸等价物/公顷
SC=混悬浓缩物
SL=可溶性液体(浓缩物)
TEA=三乙胺
对幼苗处理后移植水稻中的除草活性进行评价
如上面“对移植水稻中的除草安全性进行评价”一节中所述进行研究,不同的是将处于第1.5片叶子生长阶段的水稻幼苗的根在1.9ppm安全剂溶液中浸泡24小时,然后进行移植。移植后,立即将除草化合物注入到稻田用水中。
所测试的一些化合物、所使用的施用率和结果示于表28中。
表28:除草组合物对水稻的安全剂活性
ORYSA=Oryza sativa‘M202’(水稻)
Obs=观察值
Exp=预期计算值
SL=可溶性液体(浓缩物)
TEA=三乙胺
g ae/ha=克酸等价物/公顷
对除草剂混合物在直播水稻中的安全剂活性进行评价
如上面“对直播水稻中出苗后的除草安全性进行评价”一节中所述进行研究,不同的是已知除草化合物的混合物对直播水稻作物提供安全剂活性。
化合物1或化合物2以酸等价物(ae)的形式来施用。其它除草组分以活性成分(ai)的形式来施用且包括以Regiment 80 DF施用的抑制乙酰乳酸合酶(ALS)的除草剂双草醚-钠(化学类别为嘧啶基苯甲酸酯(盐))和以Permit施用的氯吡嘧磺隆-甲基(化学类别为磺酰基脲);以Aim EC施用的抑制原卟啉原IX氧化酶(Protox)的除草剂唑草酯-乙基;抑制八氢番茄红素去饱和酶的除草剂哒草伏;和以Mikado施用的抑制对羟基苯基丙酮酸双加氧酶(HPPD)的除草剂磺草酮。
所测试的一些化合物、所使用的施用率和结果示于表29-37中。在这些表格中,对于化合物1或2,g/ha是指g ae/ha且对于混合性安全剂伴随物(mixing safening partner),g/ha是指g ai/ha。
表29:除草组合物对水稻的安全剂活性
表30:除草组合物对水稻的安全剂活性
表31:除草组合物对水稻的安全剂活性
表32:除草组合物对水稻的安全剂活性
表33:除草组合物对水稻的安全剂活性
表34:除草组合物对水稻的安全剂活性
表35:除草组合物对水稻的安全剂活性
表36:除草组合物对水稻的安全剂活性
表37:除草组合物对水稻的安全剂活性
ORYSA=Oryza sativa‘M202’或‘Wells’(水稻)
Obs=观察值
Exp=预期计算值
对除草剂混合物在移植水稻中的安全剂活性进行评价
如上面“对移植水稻中出苗后的除草安全性进行评价”一节中所述进行研究,不同的是已知除草化合物的混合物对移植水稻作物提供安全剂活性。
化合物1以酸等价物的形式来施用。其它除草组分以活性成分的形式来施用且包括以Clincher G施用的抑制乙酰辅酶A羧化酶(ACCase)的除草剂氰氟草酯-丁基;以Mikado施用的抑制对羟基苯基丙酮酸双加氧酶(HPPD)的除草剂磺草酮;和另一种类胡萝卜素生物合成抑制剂三氯吡啶酚。
所测试的一些化合物、所使用的施用率和结果示于表38-40中。在这些表格中,对于化合物1或2,g/ha是指g ae/ha且对于混合性安全剂伴随物,g/ha是指g ai/ha。
表38:除草组合物对水稻的安全剂活性
表39:除草组合物对水稻的安全剂活性
表40:除草组合物对水稻的安全剂活性
ORYSA=Oryza sativa‘M202’或‘Wells’(水稻)
Obs=观察值
Exp=预期计算值
Claims (5)
2.权利要求1的组合物,其中所述6-(三取代的苯基)-4-氨基吡啶-2-羧酸类除草剂为4-氨基-3-氯-6-(4-氯-2-氟-3-甲氧基苯基)吡啶-2-羧酸衍生物或4-氨基-3-氯-6-(2,4-二氯-3-甲氧基苯基)吡啶-2-羧酸衍生物。
3.权利要求1的组合物,其中所述安全剂为解草酯或双苯噁唑酸。
4.权利要求1的组合物,其中所述6-(三取代的苯基)-4-氨基吡啶-2-羧酸类除草剂与所述安全剂的重量比在2∶1至1∶32之间。
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CN201610022479.8A CN105494335A (zh) | 2008-11-24 | 2009-11-18 | 针对6-(三取代的苯基)-4-氨基吡啶-2-羧酸类化合物对直播水稻和移植水稻的除草剂损伤的安全剂 |
CN201410460978.6A CN104255718B (zh) | 2008-11-24 | 2009-11-18 | 针对6‑(三取代的苯基)‑4‑氨基吡啶‑2‑羧酸类化合物对直播水稻和移植水稻的除草剂损伤的安全剂 |
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CN201410460978.6A Expired - Fee Related CN104255718B (zh) | 2008-11-24 | 2009-11-18 | 针对6‑(三取代的苯基)‑4‑氨基吡啶‑2‑羧酸类化合物对直播水稻和移植水稻的除草剂损伤的安全剂 |
CN2009801551418A Pending CN102316728A (zh) | 2008-11-24 | 2009-11-18 | 针对6-(三取代的苯基)-4-氨基吡啶-2-羧酸类化合物对直播水稻和移植水稻的除草剂损伤的安全剂 |
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CN104170830A (zh) * | 2014-09-19 | 2014-12-03 | 联保作物科技有限公司 | 一种小麦田除草组合物及其制剂 |
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CN105580821B (zh) * | 2016-03-15 | 2018-08-28 | 山东省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | 一种含有氟氯吡啶酯和敌草快的除草剂组合物 |
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CN105613527A (zh) * | 2016-03-24 | 2016-06-01 | 北京燕化永乐生物科技股份有限公司 | 具有增效作用的除草组合物 |
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ES2662669T3 (es) | 2018-04-09 |
KR101719611B1 (ko) | 2017-03-24 |
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EP2352371B1 (en) | 2017-12-20 |
EP2352371A2 (en) | 2011-08-10 |
KR20110099113A (ko) | 2011-09-06 |
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WO2010059671A3 (en) | 2011-08-18 |
RU2011125921A (ru) | 2012-12-27 |
JP2018065785A (ja) | 2018-04-26 |
JP5735921B2 (ja) | 2015-06-17 |
KR20170036112A (ko) | 2017-03-31 |
RU2516780C2 (ru) | 2014-05-20 |
CN104255718B (zh) | 2017-08-29 |
WO2010059671A2 (en) | 2010-05-27 |
US8916498B2 (en) | 2014-12-23 |
CN105494335A (zh) | 2016-04-20 |
BRPI0921004B1 (pt) | 2017-02-14 |
US20100130361A1 (en) | 2010-05-27 |
CO6361846A2 (es) | 2012-01-20 |
CN107258792A (zh) | 2017-10-20 |
PT2352371T (pt) | 2018-03-27 |
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