CN102311924A - Method for open-type culture of microalgae - Google Patents
Method for open-type culture of microalgae Download PDFInfo
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- CN102311924A CN102311924A CN 201010222051 CN201010222051A CN102311924A CN 102311924 A CN102311924 A CN 102311924A CN 201010222051 CN201010222051 CN 201010222051 CN 201010222051 A CN201010222051 A CN 201010222051A CN 102311924 A CN102311924 A CN 102311924A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for open-type culture of microalgae, which comprises the following contents: CO2 is supplied into an illumination open-type bioreactor which contains microalgae and a microalga culture medium for the growth of microalgae, wherein the CO2 is supplied by a method which is to mix a CO2-containing gas with a liquid phase by using a gas-liquid mixed conveying device, perform gas-liquid separation in a gas-liquid separator, and deliver a CO2-dissolving liquid phase obtained after gas-liquid separation to the illumination open-type bioreactor to supply the CO2 required by the growth of the microalgae. Compared with the prior method, the method solves the problem of low CO2 utilization rate caused by thinness of a liquid layer in the conventional open-type microalga culture system, improves the fat accumulation capacity in a microalga culture process, improves CO2 utilization rate and simplifies a culture device.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to little algae biological technical field, relate in particular to and effectively replenish CO in a kind of open type bioreactor culturing microalgae process
2Improve the method that little algae is cultivated quality.
Background technology
Nutritive ingredients (like tenaculat Habenaria) such as little algae rich in proteins, polysaccharide, unsaturated fatty acids can be used for food, medicine and energy aspect; Can accumulate lipid acid in a large number, algae such as chlorella are slightly arranged, its body fat acid content can account for 30%～60% of dry weight.Utilize culturing microalgae to accumulate oil resource, become the research field of utilizing the solar energy development renewable resources the most popular at present.Not only have powerful market potential, and have outstanding social value.
Little algae training method branch is generally closed and open (or open type) two kinds, and open similar wild putting in a suitable place to breed adopted open pond (or open channel) culture apparatus, and technology is simple, less investment.But the process control difficulty is big, and output capacity is limited.Closed is cultivated the general closed bioreactor that adopts, like air lift type, stirring-type, tubular type etc.Closed is cultivated the process control that can realize ideal, and production efficiency is high, but cost of investment is high.
The production of little algae will consume CO
2, CO
2Effective utilization absorb, be the key of culture effect of realizing ideal, in the open at present and closed photo thing culturing microalgae technology, many CO are arranged
2Supply mode and device.For closed photo thing culture system, replenish CO
2Comparatively easy, subject matter concentrates on photosynthesis and produces O
2Parsing and discharge.Liu Jianguo etc. " microalgae mass cultivate pipeline bioreactor " (CN200410020978.0) and the Miao JianRen wait " a kind of little algae industrial production is used the photosynthetic organism reactor assembly " (CN03128138.9) all to be employed in a kind of installation method of adding in the photo-bioreactor system, realize CO
2Supply, can realize also that simultaneously certain oxygen resolves effect.
For open photo bio culture system, because area is big, liquid layer is thin, and system is opened wide, so photosynthesis produces O
2Parsing be not subject matter with discharging, the carbonic acid gas that subject matter is to feed just is not blown the reactor drum liquid phase before fixing in time absorbing through algae liquid, so its practical efficiency is low." supplementing CO 2 to micro-algae culture pond devices " such as Lee's noctilucence (CN200610018771.9) adopt a kind of with culture the CO that the pond links to each other
2Device for supplying can effectively improve CO
2Utilization ratio, but technology is loaded down with trivial details, has increased facility investment.Cong Wei etc. (CN200410009360.4) (CN200510126465.2) use stack gas to mend carbon with " carbon compensator and the method for use thereof that are used for extensive little algae are share the way " " mending the method for carbon culturing microalgae through the pH value feedback control "; In the open algae culture system that declines, " well " formula structure is set, replenishes CO in the bottom of " well " formula structure
2Gas has improved because of the thin additional CO that causes of liquid layer to a certain extent
2Gas utilizes low problem.
At present in the document for CO
2Though it is related that supply and oxygen resolving all have, in the open type culturing microalgae process, CO
2Additional and fixed efficiency problem of lower can not get good solution always, for overcoming present CO
2Supply and oxygen are resolved unfavorable factors such as effect is not ideal enough, process is loaded down with trivial details, investment is excessive.Also need be to CO in little algae culturing process
2The supply means are optimized, and improve the carbon source supply of culture systems, optimize culture process.
Summary of the invention
To the deficiency of prior art, the present invention provides a kind of method of opening wide the algae high-efficient culture that declines, and the inventive method has little algae accumulation grease ability in little algae culturing process of raising, improves CO
2Utilization ratio is simplified advantages such as culture apparatus.
The method of open type culturing microalgae of the present invention comprises following content: adopt illumination open type bio-reactor, comprise little algae and micro-algae culture medium in the illumination open type bio-reactor, replenish CO
2Be used for micro algae growth, wherein replenish CO
2Method will contain CO for utilizing the gas-liquid mixed e Foerderanlage
2Gas and liquid-phase mixing, in gas-liquid separator, carry out gas-liquid separation then, be dissolved with CO after the gas-liquid separation
2Liquid phase get into the open type bio-reactor and replenish the required CO of micro algae growth
2
In the inventive method, the gas phase in the gas-liquid separator after the gas-liquid separation can directly be discharged, and can partly loop back gas-liquid mixed e Foerderanlage inlet, utilizes CO
2Phenomenon soluble in water under pressurized state is further utilized CO wherein
2, improve sharp CO
2Use rate, also can introduce the open type bio-reactor and be mainly used in little algae photosynthesis and produce O
2Parsing discharge.
In the inventive method, the gas-liquid mixed e Foerderanlage comprises the handling equipment that Pendular ring type transferpump, gas-liquid mixing pump etc. are suitable.The liquid phase of gas-liquid mixed e Foerderanlage inlet can derive from the open type bio-reactor, and liquid phase is filtered the back through little algae and got into the gas-liquid mixed e Foerderanlage in the open type bio-reactor.Can in the open type bio-reactor, replenish little algae and cultivate required nutrition, also can in the liquid phase of gas-liquid mixed e Foerderanlage output, replenish required nutrition.
In the inventive method, contain CO
2Gas can be from containing CO arbitrarily
2Gas; The carbon dioxide containing gas that obtains like fermentation process, stack gas etc., preferably anaerobically fermenting or micro-aerobe fermentation process discharge tail gas can be carried out deoxidation treatment earlier for the tail gas of aerobic microbiological fermenting process; Utilize then; As adsorb deoxidation treatment etc., oxygen level is preferably and is lower than 8% and (v), most preferably is and is lower than 5% (v).Typical anaerobic process such as Cray doctor pneumobacillus anaerobically fermenting produce 1, ammediol, the initial 99%N that feeds
2, thalline produces a large amount of CO at the anaerobic state bottom fermentation
2Gas contains CO in the general tail gas
2Volumetric concentration be about 10%.Typical aerobic processes such as saccharomycetes to make fermentation system alcoholic acid process, this tail gas can be used after through adsorbing and removing part oxygen.Stack gas can be passed through processing such as suitable filtration and used.
In the inventive method, the open type bio-reactor can be suitable structures such as slot type, pond formula, racetrack.Be dissolved with CO
2Liquid phase when getting into the open type bio-reactor, a plurality of auxiliary points preferably evenly are set, realize uniform CO
2Supply.Other operational condition of bio-reactor is by little algae culture condition control of routine.The determinator of culture system carbonic acid gas and dissolved oxygen content can be set, adjust CO as required
2Increment is to obtain good effect.
In the inventive method; The gas-liquid mixed e Foerderanlage can adopt the gas-liquid mixed of existing structure to carry and put; Wherein the Pendular ring type transferpump can adopt the similar structure of liquid-ring vacuum pump, but in the inventive method, realization be gas delivery and gas-liquid mixed; Rather than the effect of vacuum pump, so operating parameters need adjust accordingly.During work, inlet mouth is generally normal pressure or pressure-fired, and the general gauge pressure of top hole pressure of gas-liquid mixed e Foerderanlages such as Pendular ring type transferpump or gas-liquid mixing pump is 2～200KPa, preferred 5～80KPa.
In the inventive method; The gas-liquid mixed e Foerderanlage is with gas and liquid mixing and conveying; The gas-liquid mixture of discharging further improves gas liquid contacting efficiency carrying out before the gas-liquid separation gas-liquid contanct equipment being set, and realizes the abundant dissolving of carbonic acid gas in liquid.The gas-liquid contanct equipment that is provided with can comprise that static mixer, dynamic mixer, packing tower, bubbling disperse member etc.Static mixer, dynamic mixer and packing tower can be arranged on separately on the Pendular ring type transferpump export pipeline.Bubbling disperses member can be arranged in the gas-liquid separation equipment, and this moment, gas-liquid separation equipment had the abundant contact action of gas-liquid simultaneously.
The inventive method is utilized in CO under the supercharging condition
2Principle soluble in water is utilized suitable e Foerderanlage, will contain CO
2Gas and liquid thorough mixing, when realize carrying with CO
2Be dissolved in the liquid, will be dissolved with CO again
2Liquid add in the open type bio-reactor, CO
2The gas phase supply change the liquid phase supply into, improved CO
2Supply efficient and utilization ratio, solved in the open type bio-reactor because the thin CO that causes of liquid layer
2The low problem of utilization ratio.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of concrete process flow diagram of the inventive method.
The Pendular ring type transferpump fundamental diagram of Fig. 2 for using in the inventive method.
Wherein: 1-fermentation tail gas, 2-working fluid, 3-Pendular ring type transferpump, 4-knockout drum, 5-gas-liquid distributor, 6-bio-reactor; The import of 11-working fluid, 12-exhaust gas inlet, the outlet of 13-gas-liquid mixture, 14-Pendular ring type transferpump housing, 15-Pendular ring type transferpump pendular ring, 16-Pendular ring type transferpump impeller.
Embodiment
As illustrated in fig. 1 and 2, adopt the Pendular ring type transferpump to carry out the mixing and the conveying of gas and liquid among the present invention, liquid loops back bio-reactor after coming from open type bio-reactor and process Pendular ring type transferpump.During circulating liquid process Pendular ring type transferpump, dissolved CO in a large number
2, after replenishing the adequate nutrition material, loop back the open type bio-reactor.Circulating liquid is taken from the bio-reactor bottom, draws through filtration unit, and circulating liquid loops back the bio-reactor bottom.
The filtration unit of bio-reactor bottom cycle liquid outlet setting is metal or plastic filter screen, and mesh size all can at 1～20 micron.Simultaneously be connected to the blowback air road in the filter screen outer end, purpose is at circulation route because the little algae filter cake of filter screen is piled up when influencing normal flow, and the blowback filter cake is in time eliminated pile up effect, makes the continuous cycle situation of system unaffected.
In the inventive method, in the open type bio-reactor that little algae is cultivated, replenish CO
2Gas come from Cray doctor pneumobacillus anaerobically fermenting and produce 1, the tail gas in the ammediol process contains N in this tail gas
2And CO
2Because Cray doctor pneumobacillus anaerobically fermenting produces 1, in the ammediol, the initial 99%N that feeds
2, thalline produces a large amount of CO at the anaerobic state bottom fermentation
2Gas carries away and forms N
2And CO
2Gas mixture, this gas mixture composition are N more than 90%
2, CO
2Content is about 10%.
The little algae that The present invention be more particularly directed to be utilized can be variously to utilize carbonic acid gas to carry out photosynthesis for carbon source to produce organic algae, like chlorella etc.
Below involutory accompanying drawing, further specify the present invention program and effect.
As shown in Figure 2; Pendular ring type transferpump principle of work is following: working fluid gets in the Pendular ring type transferpump housing 14 through working fluid import 11; When Pendular ring type transferpump impeller 16 turned clockwise, because action of centrifugal force, working fluid formed a sealing pendular ring 15 in Pendular ring type transferpump housing 14; Blade through Pendular ring type transferpump impeller 16 is delivered to gas-liquid mixture outlet 13 with the gas boosting of gas feed 12, and gas and part working fluid are delivered to outside the Pendular ring type transferpump.
As shown in Figure 1, fermentation tail gas 1 exports knockout drum 4 with working fluid 2 to through 3 mixing of Pendular ring type transferpump, and in knockout drum 4, tail gas further fully contacts through gas-liquid distributor 5 with working fluid, improves CO in the working fluid
2Meltage, carry out gas-liquid separation then, isolated gas phase can be discharged, and can get into open type bio-reactor 6, also can partly be circulated to Pendular ring type transferpump inlet.The liquid phase of knockout drum 4 dischargings gets into open type bio-reactor 6 with liquid form supply CO
2The working fluid 2 of Pendular ring type transferpump 3 comes from bio-reactor 6, forms cyclical operation, the material that can in knockout drum, supplement the nutrients, and material also can directly supplement the nutrients in bio-reactor 6.Since the supercharging of Pendular ring type transferpump 3, CO
2Solubleness in working fluid can obviously increase.
Scheme 1 (comparative example)
In the 10L bioreactor, carry out the chlorella cultivation.Reactor drum is for opening wide slot type, and liquid layer thickness is 20cm, in establish gas distributor, can realize the back-mixing of nutrient solution, reactor drum is a vitreum, and fluorescent light source is set, the switching time of light is set in control automatically, forms the dark process conversion of light in the chlorella culturing process.Temperature control coil pipe is arranged in the reactor drum, and O
2And CO
2Transmitter.
The algae kind is a Chlorella vulgaris, substratum SE substratum.
SE culture medium prescription (in every liter):
NaNO
3 0.25g
K
2HPO
4.3H
2O 0.075g
MgSO
4.7H
2O 0.075g
CaCl
2.2H
2O 0.025g
KH
2PO
4 0.175g
NaCl 0.025
Soil extract (soil extract) 40ml
FeCl
3·6H
2O 0.005
Fe-EDTA 1ml
Ventilation adopts air pressurized air to feed feeding amount 1L/min.Soil extract be any soil with water mixing sedimentation after supernatant.
Nutrient solution is cultivated and is stopped cultivating collection frustule, survey dry weight and fat content, and Analysis for CO after 7 days under set light dark period
2Utilize situation.
Scheme 2 (embodiment)
With scheme 1, different is to adopt the Pendular ring type transferpump will take from the liquid and 1 of bio-reactor, and the tail gas in the ammediol process (carbonated 10v%) mixes to be carried; The knockout drum working pressure is gauge pressure 20KPa, gas-liquid separation then, and gas phase and liquid phase are introduced bio-reactor (flow process as shown in Figure 1) respectively; Get into reactor drum behind the liquid phase extra-nutrition material; The feed liquid of coming out from reactor drum was passed through after the filtering algae, realized circulation, CO in its circulation velocity and the culture system
2The dissolving situation is associated, and the setting circulation velocity is 10mL/min.Other culture condition are said with scheme 1.
Mend the carbon cultivation after 7 days through deoxidation, collect frustule, survey dry weight and fat content, Analysis for CO
2Utilization ratio.
Scheme 3 (comparative example)
With scheme 2, fermentation tail gas adopts common compressor to be delivered to bioreactor, and other culture condition are said with scheme 2.Through cultivating, collect this Chlorella vulgaris after 7 days, survey dry weight and fat content, Analysis for CO
2Utilization ratio.
The foregoing description experimental result such as following table:
| Scheme | The algae dry weight | Fat content | CO 2Utilization ratio |
| 1 | 1.07g/L | 21.2％ | 0.31g/(L·h) |
| 2 | 7.31g/L | 34.4％ | 0.70g/(L·h) |
| 3 | 2.20g/L | 24.2％ | 0.39g/(L·h) |
Can find out that from above-mentioned data the inventive method (scheme 2) has greatly improved the Yield of microalgae cell, fat content also is improved.
Claims (10)
1. the method for an open type culturing microalgae comprises following content: adopt illumination open type bio-reactor, comprise little algae and micro-algae culture medium in the illumination open type bio-reactor, replenish CO
2Be used for micro algae growth, it is characterized in that: replenish CO
2Method will contain CO for utilizing the gas-liquid mixed e Foerderanlage
2Gas and liquid-phase mixing, in gas-liquid separator, carry out gas-liquid separation then, be dissolved with CO after the gas-liquid separation
2Liquid phase get into the open type bio-reactor and replenish the required CO of micro algae growth
2
2. according to the described method of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the gas phase in the gas-liquid separator after the gas-liquid separation is directly discharged; Perhaps part loops back gas-liquid mixed e Foerderanlage inlet, utilizes CO
2Phenomenon soluble in water under pressurized state is further utilized CO wherein
2, improve sharp CO
2Use rate; Perhaps introduce the open type bio-reactor and be used for little algae photosynthesis generation O
2Parsing discharge.
3. according to the described method of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the gas-liquid mixed e Foerderanlage comprises Pendular ring type transferpump or gas-liquid mixing pump.
4. according to claim 1 or 3 described methods, it is characterized in that: the liquid phase of gas-liquid mixed e Foerderanlage inlet derives from the open type bio-reactor, and liquid phase is filtered the back through little algae and got into the gas-liquid mixed e Foerderanlage in the open type bio-reactor.
5. according to claim 1 or 3 described methods, it is characterized in that: in the open type bio-reactor, replenish the nutrition that little algae is cultivated, the nutrition of perhaps in the liquid phase of gas-liquid mixed e Foerderanlage output, replenishing.
6. according to claim 1 or 2 described methods, it is characterized in that: contain CO
2The gas carbon dioxide containing gas or the stack gas that obtain from fermentation process.
7. according to claim 1 or 3 described methods, it is characterized in that: the open type bio-reactor is slot type, pond formula or racetrack structure.
8. according to claim 1,2 or 3 described methods, it is characterized in that: the top hole pressure of gas-liquid mixed e Foerderanlage is gauge pressure 2～200KPa.
9. according to claim 1 or 3 described methods, it is characterized in that: be dissolved with CO
2Liquid phase when getting into the open type bio-reactor, a plurality of auxiliary points evenly are set, realize uniform CO
2Supply.
10. according to claim 1 or 2 described methods; It is characterized in that: the gas-liquid mixed e Foerderanlage is with gas and liquid mixing and conveying; The gas-liquid mixture of discharging was provided with gas-liquid contanct equipment before carrying out gas-liquid separation; Further improve gas liquid contacting efficiency, realize the abundant dissolving of carbonic acid gas in liquid.
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Cited By (7)
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| CN103773694A (en) * | 2012-10-23 | 2014-05-07 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Efficient cultivation method of oleaginous microorganism |
| CN103773688A (en) * | 2012-10-23 | 2014-05-07 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Rapid cultivation method of oleaginous microorganism |
| CN103773695A (en) * | 2012-10-23 | 2014-05-07 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Open-type rapid culture method of microalgae |
| CN103773691A (en) * | 2012-10-23 | 2014-05-07 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Enclosed rapid culture method of microalgae |
| CN103773692A (en) * | 2012-10-23 | 2014-05-07 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Enclosed culture method of microalgae |
| CN109401914A (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2019-03-01 | 中国石油大学(华东) | A kind of efficient part liquid circulating both culturing microalgae carbon sequestration benefit carbon reactor |
| CN110106084A (en) * | 2019-05-17 | 2019-08-09 | 西南交通大学 | Cell culture apparatus and the method for making culture medium hydrogen-rich |
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| CN103773694A (en) * | 2012-10-23 | 2014-05-07 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Efficient cultivation method of oleaginous microorganism |
| CN103773688A (en) * | 2012-10-23 | 2014-05-07 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Rapid cultivation method of oleaginous microorganism |
| CN103773695A (en) * | 2012-10-23 | 2014-05-07 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Open-type rapid culture method of microalgae |
| CN103773691A (en) * | 2012-10-23 | 2014-05-07 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Enclosed rapid culture method of microalgae |
| CN103773692A (en) * | 2012-10-23 | 2014-05-07 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Enclosed culture method of microalgae |
| CN103773688B (en) * | 2012-10-23 | 2016-08-03 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of method of fast culture oil-containing microorganism |
| CN103773694B (en) * | 2012-10-23 | 2016-08-03 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of method of high-efficient culture oil-containing microorganism |
| CN103773695B (en) * | 2012-10-23 | 2016-08-17 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of method of open type fast culture microalgae |
| CN103773691B (en) * | 2012-10-23 | 2016-10-26 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of method of closed fast culture microalgae |
| CN103773692B (en) * | 2012-10-23 | 2016-11-09 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of method of closed cultivation microalgae |
| CN109401914A (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2019-03-01 | 中国石油大学(华东) | A kind of efficient part liquid circulating both culturing microalgae carbon sequestration benefit carbon reactor |
| CN110106084A (en) * | 2019-05-17 | 2019-08-09 | 西南交通大学 | Cell culture apparatus and the method for making culture medium hydrogen-rich |
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