CN102308922A - Design method for broiler feed formula - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a design method of a broiler feed formula, belonging to the feed industry. Carbohydrate, fat and protein in the feed are used as as the source of energy, but protein is not only the basic substance for forming somatic cells but also the raw material for forming various functional enzymes and hormones. Thus, only protein serves as the energy, which causes extreme waste. The purpose for the broiler to eat feed is mainly to satisfy necessary energy. If the energy is satisfied, the broiler stops eating. If energy in daily feed is insufficient, protein is decomposed to satisfy the requirement on energy, which wastes protein. If energy is too high, chicken eat few feeds, which causes insufficient protein and affects growth.

Description

A kind of broiler fodder prescription method for designing

Technical field

The present invention is a kind of broiler fodder prescription method for designing, belongs to feedstuff industry.

Background technology

The balance fryer of broiler fodder formulation Design Principle energy and protein carries out vital movement, and certain basic energy must be arranged.Energy is the source with the carbohydrate in the feed, fat and protein.But protein is not only and is constituted somatic basic substance, and is the raw material that constitutes various functional enzymes and hormone.So, only use protein as the energy, be great waste.Fryer picked-up feed mainly is in order to satisfy necessary energy.When energy is met, search for food and stop.If energy shortage in the daily ration is then wanted decomposing protein to satisfy the needs to energy, and is caused the waste of protein.But when energy was too high, the chicken feed intake reduced, and can cause protein deficient again, the influence growth.

Summary of the invention

Essential concentrations of nutrient such as proteins,vitamins,minerals in the feed should be suitable with the ratio of energy in the feed, can reach just that feed consumption is few, fast gaining, lay heavily purpose.The feed intake of chicken remove with feed in outside the Pass metabolizable energy has, temperature is very big to the influence of energy demand in the house.Change minimum under thermophilic, but energy demand obviously increases at low temperatures, must arouse attention.Protein and amino acid whose balance animal somatic cell main component are protein, and the chicken body protein is transformed by forage protein.So, can be economical and effectively utilize the key that feed protein is the chicken raising cost height.Protein is a kind of macromolecular organic compound, forms several amino acids through hydrolysis in vivo.Therefore, amino acid is the base unit that constitutes protein.The quality better of so-called feed protein be meant that protein contains needed each seed amino acid of chicken in the daily ration, and ratio is suitable; Poor quality, then show in the protein amino acid contained comprehensively or ratio improper.Therefore, the biological value of protein is not decided by Protein content how much, and is decided by its utilization rate height.Have only various essential amino acid balances, could improve the utilization rate of protein.The amino acid kind is a lot, but constitutes about kind more than 20 of protein, wherein has can't synthesize in the half chicken body or synthetic can not satisfying the demand, must be by feed supply, and such amino acid is claimed essential amino acid.If the essential amino acid intake is not enough, just be difficult to bring into play the production capacity of chicken.According to test, it is extremely remarkable in the daily ration that contains 15% crude protein, to add the methionine gaining effect, though add lysine chicken is had the growth of promotion effect, not remarkable.A lot of tests show that during feed cooperated usually, methionine or methionine plus cystine were the first restricted essential amino acid, were lysine and tryptophan secondly.So, when the preparation daily ration, should satisfy above-mentioned 3-4 seed amino acid as far as possible.Two or more protein mix use, and are better than the nutritive validity of feeding separately separately.This is because the various amino acid contents of native protein are uneven.Several kinds of feeds are used, and can learn from other's strong points to offset one's weaknesses reaches balance, increases operation rate.Calcium phosphorus requirement and ratio calcium and phosphorus all are the main components of bone, and the 65%-70% of mineral matter total amount is the compound of calcium and phosphorus in the chicken body.Calcium in the bone accounts for 99% of whole body total amount, and all the other 1% are present in blood, lymph liquid and the hetero-organization thereof.Calcium to the formation of eggshell, blood solidify and in sodium, potassium keep heart, muscle, neural normal function and body acid-base balance etc. all play a part very important.Phosphorus accounts for 80% of whole body phosphorus in the bone, in chicken body fat free matter, accounts for 0.8%, and major part is organic state, and is relevant with various metabolism.It is the composition of nucleic acid, energy-rich phosphate, phosphoprotein, phosphatide, Fosfocreatinine, hexosephosphate.Also contain part phosphorus in the blood.

The specific embodiment

The preparation daily ration except that noting satisfying the needs of calcium, phosphorus, also will be noted the proper proportion of calcium phosphorus by feeding standard.Because the absorption of phosphorus and the calcium amount relation in feed is very big, if calcium phosphorus ration is inappropriate in the daily ration, perhaps be bonding state, be difficult for dissolving, uptake is reduced and the generation deficiency disease.Calcium content is too much, and is both harmful to chick growth, also influences the absorption of elements such as phosphorus, magnesium, manganese, zinc.Calcium phosphorus ration generally speaking, fryer are with 1.1-1.5: 1 is advisable, and laying hen is with 5-6: 1 for well.Chicken is lower to the utilization rate of phytate phosphorus, and chick is about 30%, produces fryer about 50%; And Phos can 100% utilization.Therefore, must replenish a part of Phos in the daily ration, should be specifically noted that especially when in daily ration, lacking fish meal.The most of trace element of trace element and vitamin is the composition of hormone and enzyme; With vitamin be the active material in material and the energy metabolism equally; To physical-chemical reaction in the control agent and osmotic pressure, keep body fluid acid-base balance and organism metabolism to play irreplaceable effect.Chicken is compared with domestic animal, and microorganism is few in the alimentary canal, can not synthesize in most of vitamin bodies; Though what have can synthesize, and can not satisfy the demand, and must from feed, absorb.The numeral of listed vitamin, trace element is a requirement in the standard, when using, should take the circumstances into consideration to increase safety allowance according to situation such as chicken all living creatures attitude, environment, raising condition and diseases.Can be listed vitamin numerical value in the standard as addition, the content in the feed as safety allowance.For trace element, should decide according to the concrete condition and the feed resource of each department, but micro-addition can not be above standard, otherwise can cause poisoning.Crude fiber content limit chicken fever, growth is fast, metabolism is vigorous, therefore, needs higher trophic level than other animals.Also because chicken does not have tooth, lean on the sandstone in the muscular stomach to grind food fully, again because enteron aisle is short, and caecum is little to the digestion of feed, so chicken is lower to coarse-fibred digestion power.If fiber is too much, the physilogical characteristics of trophic level and chicken are just incompatible, influence digesting and assimilating of other nutritional labelings, cause feed waste.But enterocinesia was insufficient when fiber was very few, and chicken does not have satietion, was prone to take place to dislike food addiction etc.Crude fiber content should be advisable at 2.5%-5% in the daily grain of chicken.When the balance of animal fodder and plant feed is prepared poultry diet, note the collocation of animal fodder and plant feed, to improve food utilization efficiency.Animal fodder commonly used has fish meal, shrimp chaff, blood meal, silkworm chrysalis etc., replacements such as also available fresh fish, shrimp, freshwater mussel meat, earthworm.The effect of animal fodder mainly is the balance essential amino acid, changes in the feed aliphatic acid and forms, and influence the balance of feedstuff metabolisable energy value and vitamin and bacterial flora in the enteron aisle bred to make a difference, and contain so-called UGF.During the preparation daily ration, fish meal contains 2%-5% and gets final product, and is no more than 7% at most, and other animal fodders also are advisable to be no more than 10%.Other nutriment water in the daily ration account for the 60%-70% of chicken body, digestion, absorption, metabolism, regulate body temperature etc. are all had important effect, so want an amount of drinking-water of supplying clean.The amount of drinking water of chicken receives temperature, humidity, body weight, laying rate, feed ingredient and limit to feed the influence of factors such as situation.Salt can provide required sodium ion of chicken normal physiological function and chlorion.During the preparation daily ration, should take into account the fish meal salt content, in case excess salt causes poisoning.

Claims (2)

1. the present invention is the feed compound method of a kind of beef cattle, is characterised in that preparation method.

2. according to the feed compound method of right 1 described a kind of beef cattle; Its preparation method is: essential concentrations of nutrient such as proteins,vitamins,minerals in the feed; Should be suitable with the ratio of energy in the feed, can reach just that feed consumption is few, fast gaining, lay heavily purpose.The feed intake of chicken remove with feed in outside the Pass metabolizable energy has, temperature is very big to the influence of energy demand in the house.