CN102304405B - Lignite upgrading device and method - Google Patents
Lignite upgrading device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102304405B CN102304405B CN201110218409.7A CN201110218409A CN102304405B CN 102304405 B CN102304405 B CN 102304405B CN 201110218409 A CN201110218409 A CN 201110218409A CN 102304405 B CN102304405 B CN 102304405B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a lignite upgrading device and method. The lignite upgrading device comprises a coal slurry preparation device, a pump, a pipeline drier, a heater, a plurality of self evaporators and a liquid solid separator, wherein one end of the pump is connected with the coal slurry preparation device, and the other end is connected with the inlet end of the pipeline drier; the pipeline drier is in a sleeve form, and the outside of the pipeline drier is provided with a coal slurry preheating jacket and a secondary steam preheating jacket; each self evaporator is provided with a coal slurry pipe and a steam pipe; the coal slurry pipes of the self evaporators are connected in series, one end of the coal slurry pipe is connected with the outlet end of the heater, the other end of the coal slurry pipe is connected with the coal slurry preheating jacket, and the other end of the coal slurry preheating jacket is connected with the liquid solid separator; one end of the secondary steam preheating jacket is respectively connected with the steam pipe outlets of the self evaporators, and the other end is connected with a condensate tank; and the heater is used for heating with fused salt or heat conducting oil.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of clean coal technology, relate in particular to a kind of device and method for upgrading thereof of brown coal upgrading.
Background technology
Brown coal are coals that degree of coalification is minimum, and degree of coalification is between peat and bituminous coal, and water content is high, easy-weathering in air; Containing a certain amount of original humic acid, carbon content is low, and oxygen level is high, and hydrogen richness changes greatly; Volatile matter is generally 45%～55%.Because brown coal moisture is high, calorific value is low, easy-weathering and spontaneous combustion, the transportation cost of unit energy is high, is unfavorable for that long distance carries and store.The thermo-efficiency that brown coal directly burn is lower, and the quantity discharged of greenhouse gases is also very large, is difficult to large-scale develop and utilize.In addition, as feedstock conversion, utilization is also restricted brown coal, and brown coal liquefaction, destructive distillation and gasification all need moisture in coal to be down to below 10%.
According to Third National coal resources investigation (1999), coal resources in China total amount is 5.57 trillion t, retained reserve 10032.6 hundred million t, and explored brown coal retained reserve is 1311.42 hundred million t, account for 13% of coal retained reserve, therefore a large amount of brown coal need to carry out brown coal upgrading.Brown coal upgrading refers to that brown coal are in the processes such as dehydration, moulding and thermolysis, and the Nomenclature Composition and Structure of Complexes of coal changes, and changes into the upgraded coal with approximate bituminous coal character.After brown coal dehydration upgrading processing, moisture significantly reduces, and thermal value increases substantially, and both can prevent spontaneous combustion of coal, has been convenient to transportation and stores, and is conducive to again the uses such as generating, gas making, chemical industry.
In recent years, along with domestic coal price sharp rises, the lignite resource of relative low price causes the attention of derived energy chemical industry again, and a collection of newly-built Coal Chemical Engineering Project is used brown coal instead one after another as raw material, has developed multiple brown coal Upgrading Processes.Brown coal Upgrading Processes is summed up substantially and can be divided into non-evaporating dehydrolysis upgrading technology, dehydration by evaporation upgrading technology, pyrolysis upgrading technology three major types both at home and abroad.
The brown coal non-evaporating dehydrolysis upgrading technology that high temperature and high pressure steam (or high-temperature hot oil) dry technology of take is representative, be a kind of physics and chemistry structure that changes brown coal by conditions such as High Temperature High Pressure, it is transformed into the method for upgrading of cleaning, efficient bituminous coal fuel.This novel upgrading technology is that brown coal are directly contacted with high temperature and high pressure steam (or high-temperature hot oil), and moisture is deviate from, thereby brown coal are shunk, becomes finer and close, and hydrophobicity strengthens.The method thermo-efficiency and security thereof are all higher.
U.S. KFx company last century the mid-80 developed K fuel engineering (K-Fuel Process) technology, through 20 years improve, entered the industrial application stage.Its upgrading process is: coal, through after pulverizing, is sent into autoclave by transport unit.Autoclave internal pressure and temperature maintain respectively 3.7MPa and 238 ℃.In autoclave, coal cinder breaks, and sulfide is separated from coal, and the moisture in coal also evaporates thereupon.Through the coal dust of high temperature high pressure process and the water vapor that is evaporated, can directly send into that boiler generates electricity or heat supply.
Similarly technology also has the hot-pressing processing technique of Ukraine: the brown coal that are 13～100mm by granularity, under the saturation steam that is 2MPa at pressure, process 2～3h, and coal is shunk and remove wherein moisture.Its moisture is down to 15%～18% by 33% the most at last, and calorific value is brought up to 20.7MJ/kg by 15.7MJ/kg.
Japan power supply development company (D) and Kawasaki Heavy Industries company (K) began one's study from 1976 and have successfully developed D-K non-evaporating dehydrolysis technique.D-K dewatering process can be realized brown coal moisture and heat under non-evaporation conditions, and moisture is deviate from from brown coal with liquid state, and its ature of coal changes similar natural incoalation.In device, there are 4 autoclave pressures, can realize semi-continuous running, between autoclave pressure, can realize the recovery of exhaust vapour and hot water.
Japanese kobe steel institute (Kobe Steel Group), in the UBC that begins one's study (Upgrading Brown Coal) brown coal upgrading technology in 1993, is characterized in removing the moisture in brown coal with light oil.Concrete technology is: brown coal are ground to form after powdery, mix with recovered oil (light oil that normally petroleum cracking produces) and heavy oil, form coal slurry, then in a vaporizer, heat coal slurry, moisture is evaporated, with decanter refiltered oil from the coal slurry of dehydration, obtain upgrading fine coal, finally by the coal compression moulding of upgrading again.
For a long time, the many countries that abound with brown coal in Europe except by brown coal for generating and large-sized boiler, all the other are to be all processed into after moulded coal for industry and civilian, Australian no exception.Brown coal, in moulding process, through physical actions such as high pressure or shearings, make its gel structure and pore system be subject to irreversible destruction, thereby from having changed in essence the coal rank of coal sample, degree of coalification also improves thereupon.
Above-mentioned brown coal process for upgrading, required equipment is complicated, and technical process is more, and investment is large, and thermo-efficiency is low, is unfavorable at Chinese large-scale promotion application.
Summary of the invention
For addressing the above problem, the present invention proposes a kind of device and method for upgrading thereof of brown coal upgrading, device comprises coal slurry preparation facilities, pump, canal dryer, a plurality of flash-pot, heating unit and liquid-solid separator, described pump one end connects coal slurry preparation facilities, and the other end connects the inlet end of described canal dryer; Described canal dryer is sleeve pipe form, its outer setting has the pre-thermal jacket of coal slurry and a plurality of secondary steam for preheating chuck, described flash-pot has coal slurry pipe and vapour pipe, the coal slurry pipe of a plurality of flash-pots is connected in series, its one end connects the exit end of described canal dryer, the other end connects the pre-thermal jacket of described coal slurry, and the other end of the pre-thermal jacket of described coal slurry connects described liquid-solid separator; One end of described secondary steam for preheating chuck connects respectively the vapour outlet of described flash-pot, and the other end connects condensate draining; Described heating unit adopts fused salt or thermal oil indirect heating.
Wherein said pump is high pressure plunger pump or surge pump.
The quantity of wherein said flash-pot is identical with the quantity of described secondary steam for preheating chuck, and each secondary steam for preheating chuck connects respectively a flash-pot.
Wherein said secondary steam for preheating chuck is tube and shell heat exchanger, and quantity is 3～20 joints, 6～12 meters of every joint length, joint with save between adopt flange to be connected.
Wherein said heating unit is comprised of 3～6 joint double-tube heat exchangers.
Wherein said heating unit is set to the exit end near canal dryer.
Wherein said liquid-solid separator is wet cyclone and whizzer.
Wherein said coal slurry preparation facilities comprises connected in turn coal conveyor, coal pulverizer and coal slurry groove.
The method for upgrading of above-mentioned brown coal device for improving quality comprises the following steps:
Coal slurry enters pump by coal slurry preparation facilities, by pump, coal slurry is pumped in canal dryer;
Coal slurry flows in canal dryer, the hot coal slurry in the pre-thermal jacket of coal slurry and steam preheating to 100～200 ℃ in secondary steam for preheating chuck;
Coal slurry after preheating enters the section of the heating unit of canal dryer setting, and fused salt or superheated vapour or thermal oil indirect heat exchange with heating unit, be heated to 250～300 ℃, and regulate the residence time of coal slurry to guarantee moisture removal;
Coal slurry after heat drying enters flash-pot, and the steam that evaporation produces enters secondary steam for preheating chuck, the coal slurry newly pumping into for preheating;
The coal slurry flowing out from a plurality of flash-pots enters the pre-thermal jacket of coal slurry, the coal slurry newly pumping into for preheating;
Coal slurry flows out in the pre-thermal jacket of coal slurry, enters liquid-solid separator and carries out liquid-solid separation, obtains the coal dust after upgrading, and coal dust is briquetting further, or coal slurry is directly produced coal water slurry without liquid-solid separation.
The invention has the advantages that:
1, brown coal dehydration by evaporation exists energy consumption larger.Non-evaporating dehydrolysis technique is that water in coal is removed with liquid state, has therefore saved evaporation of water latent heat, and has reduced the discharge approximately 25% of greenhouse gases;
2, the brown coal of just extraction are directly pulverized slurrying, have reduced brown coal oxidation;
3, after this continuous apparatus upgrading, brown coal calorific value improves 40～100%, the moisture removal 50～70% of brown coal, oxygen removal 50～70%, solubility Na, K, S, N, Fe, Ca are also partly removed, and after upgrading, brown coal can be further used for transporting outward after coal water slurry production or briquetting;
4, preheating section adopts multi-tube heat transfer, makes full use of the sensible heat preheating coal slurry of the secondary steam of hot coal slurry sensible heat and self-evaporatint n. generation, and thermo-efficiency is high;
5, heating zone adopts fused salt heating to improve heat transfer efficiency, without high pressure steam, reduces investment outlay;
6, compare with drying and dehydrating in hot blast or in superheated vapour, the coal of same quantity adopts this technology only to need 40% energy;
7, adopt DCS or PLC control techniques, the isoparametric multiple spot of pressure, flow, temperature, liquid level that carries out this technique walks around to detection, demonstration, warning, record etc.;
8,, in order to increase the length of conveniently adjusted holding-zone of the residence time, guarantee upgrading effect;
9, compare with the multi-pipe drying mechanism adopting at present in the world, energy consumption is low, no-rotary part, maintenance cost is low, can be on a large scale, continuously brown coal dewater, deoxidation, invest little;
10, coal slurry water reusable edible, without waste water pollution problem;
11, water of condensation can centralized recovery, for coal slurry preparation, and also further flash distillation generation steam and cold coal slurry heat exchange;
12, the heating inequality, the brown coal that do not exist other drying means to exist are overheated, even catch fire and blast problem.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing 1 is for being brown coal non-evaporating dehydrolysis device schematic diagram.
Reference numeral is as follows: 1, coal conveyor, 2, coal pulverizer, 3, coal slurry groove, 4, surge pump, 5, canal dryer, 6, the pre-thermal jacket of coal slurry, 7, secondary steam for preheating chuck, 8, flash-pot, 9 heating units, 10, wet cyclone and whizzer, 11, condensate draining.
Embodiment
Referring to accompanying drawing 1, it has been described according to brown coal device for improving quality of the present invention specific embodiment.Comprise coal slurry preparation facilities, pump, canal dryer, a plurality of flash-pot, heating unit and liquid-solid separator, the preferred coal slurry preparation facilities of coal slurry preparation facilities comprises connected in turn coal conveyor, coal pulverizer and coal slurry groove, the preferred high pressure plunger pump of pump or surge pump, its one end connects the coal slurry groove in coal slurry preparation facilities, the other end connects the inlet end of described canal dryer, for carry coal slurry in canal dryer; The outer setting of canal dryer has the pre-thermal jacket of coal slurry and a plurality of secondary steam for preheating chuck, the coal slurry pumping into for preheating, flash-pot has coal slurry pipe and vapour pipe, a plurality of flash-pots are connected in series, the exit end of one end connecting tube moisture eliminator of coal slurry pipe, and the other end connects the pre-thermal jacket of coal slurry, the other end connecting fluid solid separator of the pre-thermal jacket of coal slurry, preferably wet cyclone series connection centrifuge separator, for carrying out liquid-solid separation, obtains the coal dust after upgrading; The quantity of flash-pot is with preferably identical with the quantity of secondary steam for preheating chuck, and one end of each secondary steam for preheating chuck connects respectively a flash-pot, and the secondary steam for preheating chuck the other end connects condensate draining; Heating unit is arranged on the exit end annex of canal dryer, around canal dryer setting, preferably 3～6 joint double-tube heat exchangers, consists of.
Secondary steam for preheating chuck is preferably tube and shell heat exchanger, and quantity is 3～20 joints, and the quantity of flash-pot is also 3～20,6～12 meters of every joint length, joint with save between adopt flange to be connected.
The method for upgrading of above-mentioned brown coal device for improving quality comprises the following steps:
Coal enters pump by coal slurry preparation facilities, by pump, coal slurry is pumped in canal dryer;
Coal slurry flows in canal dryer, the hot coal slurry in the pre-thermal jacket of coal slurry and steam preheating to 100～200 ℃ in secondary steam for preheating chuck;
Coal slurry after preheating enters the section that canal dryer arranges heating unit, with fused salt or superheated vapour or the thermal oil indirect heat exchange in heating unit, be heated to 270～300 ℃, for guaranteeing that the moisture content in coal slurry reaches requirement, need to make coal slurry stay for some time at heating unit section, the time stopping can, according to the concrete moisture situation free setting of coal slurry, can be guaranteed moisture removal in common 5～60 minutes;
Coal slurry after heat drying enters flash-pot, and the secondary steam producing therein enters pre-thermal jacket, the coal slurry newly pumping into for preheating;
The coal slurry temperature flowing out from a plurality of flash-pots is still higher, therefore makes it enter the pre-thermal jacket of coal slurry, carries out heat exchange, the coal slurry that preheating newly pumps into the coal slurry newly pumping in canal dryer;
Coal slurry flows out in the pre-thermal jacket of coal slurry, enters liquid-solid separator and carries out liquid-solid separation, obtains coal dust, and coal dust is briquetting or preparation coal water slurry further, realizes the upgrading of brown coal.
The above; it is only preferably embodiment of patent of the present invention; but the protection domain of patent of the present invention is not limited to this; anyly be familiar with in technical scope that those skilled in the art disclose in patent of the present invention; the variation that can expect easily or replacement, within all should being encompassed in the protection domain of patent of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a brown coal device for improving quality, it is characterized in that, comprise coal slurry preparation facilities, pump, canal dryer, heating unit, a plurality of flash-pot and liquid-solid separator, described pump one end connects coal slurry preparation facilities, and the other end connects the inlet end of described canal dryer; Described canal dryer is sleeve pipe form, its outer setting has the pre-thermal jacket of coal slurry and a plurality of secondary steam for preheating chuck, described flash-pot has coal slurry pipe and vapour pipe, the coal slurry pipe of a plurality of flash-pots is connected in series, coal slurry pipe one end after series connection connects the exit end of described heating unit, the other end connects the pre-thermal jacket of described coal slurry, and the other end of the pre-thermal jacket of described coal slurry connects described liquid-solid separator; One end of described secondary steam for preheating chuck connects respectively the vapour pipe outlet of described flash-pot, and the other end connects condensate draining; Described heating unit adopts fused salt or heat-conducting oil heating, and heating unit is set to the exit end near canal dryer; Described liquid-solid separator is wet cyclone and whizzer.
2. brown coal device for improving quality as claimed in claim 1, wherein said pump is high pressure plunger pump or surge pump.
3. brown coal device for improving quality as claimed in claim 1 or 2, the quantity of wherein said flash-pot is identical with the quantity of described secondary steam for preheating chuck, and each secondary steam for preheating chuck connects respectively a flash-pot.
4. brown coal device for improving quality as claimed in claim 3, wherein said secondary steam for preheating chuck is tube and shell heat exchanger, quantity is 3～20 joints, 6～12 meters of every joint length, joint with save between adopt flange to be connected.
5. the brown coal device for improving quality as described in claim 1 or 4, wherein said heating unit is comprised of 3～6 joint double-tube heat exchangers.
6. brown coal device for improving quality as claimed in claim 1, wherein said coal slurry preparation facilities comprises connected in turn coal conveyor, coal pulverizer and coal slurry groove.
7. utilize the claim 1-6 method that wherein arbitrary described brown coal device for improving quality carries out upgrading, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
Coal slurry enters pump by coal slurry preparation facilities, by pump, coal slurry is pumped in canal dryer;
Coal slurry flows in canal dryer, the hot coal slurry in the pre-thermal jacket of coal slurry and the steam preheating in secondary steam for preheating chuck;
Coal slurry after preheating enters the section that canal dryer arranges heating unit, and fused salt or thermal oil indirect heat exchange with heating unit, be heated to 250～300 ℃, and regulate the residence time of coal slurry to guarantee moisture removal;
Coal slurry after heat drying enters flash-pot, and the steam that evaporation produces enters secondary steam for preheating chuck, the coal slurry newly pumping into for preheating;
The coal slurry flowing out from a plurality of flash-pots enters the pre-thermal jacket of coal slurry, the coal slurry newly pumping into for preheating;
Coal slurry flows out in the pre-thermal jacket of coal slurry, without liquid-solid separation, directly produces coal water slurry, or enters liquid-solid separator and carry out liquid-solid separation, obtains coal dust, and coal dust carries out briquetting or directly as finished product, uses.
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| CN201110218409.7A CN102304405B (en) | 2011-08-01 | 2011-08-01 | Lignite upgrading device and method |
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| CN201110218409.7A CN102304405B (en) | 2011-08-01 | 2011-08-01 | Lignite upgrading device and method |
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| CN102304405B true CN102304405B (en) | 2014-03-26 |
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| CN106047441B (en) * | 2016-07-13 | 2021-08-31 | 青岛松灵电力环保设备有限公司 | Lignite drying and upgrading system |
| JP2018024732A (en) * | 2016-08-08 | 2018-02-15 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | Production method of ashless coal and production apparatus for ashless coal |
| CN111944570A (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2020-11-17 | 肇庆市顺鑫煤化工科技有限公司 | Preparation process of oil coal slurry |
| CN111534354B (en) * | 2020-05-14 | 2021-09-17 | 太原理工大学 | Process and device for improving quality of waste oil and fat coal boiling |
| CN113480342A (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2021-10-08 | 兰州市冠涛科技有限责任公司 | Humic acid preparation process, and humic acid-containing base fertilizer and fertilizer prepared by process |
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| EP0343431A1 (en) * | 1988-05-24 | 1989-11-29 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Process and apparatus for sewage sludge drying |
| CN101182421A (en) * | 2007-12-13 | 2008-05-21 | 肇庆市顺鑫煤化工科技有限公司 | Thermally dissolving and catalytic method for preparing liquid fuel by lignite as well as catalyst and solvent used therefor |
| CN101243164A (en) * | 2005-11-22 | 2008-08-13 | 株式会社神户制钢所 | Process and equipment for producing solid fuel by using coal as raw material |
| CN101760267A (en) * | 2009-03-17 | 2010-06-30 | 顾大地 | Method for modifying lignite |
| CN202246606U (en) * | 2011-08-01 | 2012-05-30 | 山东科技大学 | Device of lignite upgrading |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH08309396A (en) * | 1995-05-22 | 1996-11-26 | Ishigaki Mech Ind Co | Vacuum drying device and drying method for slurry and the like |
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- 2011-08-01 CN CN201110218409.7A patent/CN102304405B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0343431A1 (en) * | 1988-05-24 | 1989-11-29 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Process and apparatus for sewage sludge drying |
| CN101243164A (en) * | 2005-11-22 | 2008-08-13 | 株式会社神户制钢所 | Process and equipment for producing solid fuel by using coal as raw material |
| CN101182421A (en) * | 2007-12-13 | 2008-05-21 | 肇庆市顺鑫煤化工科技有限公司 | Thermally dissolving and catalytic method for preparing liquid fuel by lignite as well as catalyst and solvent used therefor |
| CN101760267A (en) * | 2009-03-17 | 2010-06-30 | 顾大地 | Method for modifying lignite |
| CN202246606U (en) * | 2011-08-01 | 2012-05-30 | 山东科技大学 | Device of lignite upgrading |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| JP特开平8-309396A 1996.11.26 |
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