CN102304405A - Lignite upgrading device and method - Google Patents
Lignite upgrading device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102304405A CN102304405A CN201110218409A CN201110218409A CN102304405A CN 102304405 A CN102304405 A CN 102304405A CN 201110218409 A CN201110218409 A CN 201110218409A CN 201110218409 A CN201110218409 A CN 201110218409A CN 102304405 A CN102304405 A CN 102304405A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a lignite upgrading device and method. The lignite upgrading device comprises a coal slurry preparation device, a pump, a pipeline drier, a heater, a plurality of self evaporators and a liquid solid separator, wherein one end of the pump is connected with the coal slurry preparation device, and the other end is connected with the inlet end of the pipeline drier; the pipeline drier is in a sleeve form, and the outside of the pipeline drier is provided with a coal slurry preheating jacket and a secondary steam preheating jacket; each self evaporator is provided with a coal slurry pipe and a steam pipe; the coal slurry pipes of the self evaporators are connected in series, one end of the coal slurry pipe is connected with the outlet end of the heater, the other end of the coal slurry pipe is connected with the coal slurry preheating jacket, and the other end of the coal slurry preheating jacket is connected with the liquid solid separator; one end of the secondary steam preheating jacket is respectively connected with the steam pipe outlets of the self evaporators, and the other end is connected with a condensate tank; and the heater is used for heating with fused salt or heat conducting oil.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of clean coal technology, relate in particular to a kind of device and method for upgrading thereof of brown coal upgrading.
Background technology
Brown coal are the minimum coals of degree of coalification, and degree of coalification is between peat and bituminous coal, and water content is high, easy-weathering in air; Contain a certain amount of original humic acid, carbon content is low, and oxygen level is high, and hydrogen richness changes greatly; Volatile matter is generally 45%～55%.Because brown coal moisture is high, calorific value is low, easy-weathering and spontaneous combustion, the transportation cost of unit energy is high, is unfavorable for long distances and storage.The direct incendiary thermo-efficiency of brown coal is lower, and the quantity discharged of greenhouse gases is also very big, is difficult to large-scale develop and utilize.In addition, utilization also is restricted brown coal as feedstock conversion, and brown coal liquefaction, destructive distillation and gasification all need be reduced to moisture in coal below 10%.
According to national coal resources investigation (1999) for the third time; The coal resources in China total amount is 5.57 trillion t, retained reserve 10032.6 hundred million t, and explored brown coal retained reserve is 1311.42 hundred million t; Account for 13% of coal retained reserve, therefore a large amount of brown coal need carry out the brown coal upgrading.The brown coal upgrading is meant brown coal in processes such as dehydration, moulding and thermolysis, and the The Nomenclature Composition and Structure of Complexes of coal changes, and changes into the upgraded coal with approximate bituminous coal character.After the brown coal dehydration upgrading processing, moisture significantly reduces, and thermal value increases substantially, and both can prevent spontaneous combustion of coal, be convenient to transportation and storage, helps uses such as generating, gas making, chemical industry again.
In recent years, along with domestic coal price sharp rises, the lignite resource of relative low price causes the attention of derived energy chemical industry again, and a collection of newly-built Coal Chemical Industry project is used brown coal instead one after another as raw material, has developed multiple brown coal Upgrading Processes.The brown coal Upgrading Processes is concluded substantially and can be divided into non-evaporating dehydrolysis upgrading technology, dehydration by evaporation upgrading technology, pyrolysis upgrading technology three major types both at home and abroad.
With high temperature and high pressure steam (or high-temperature hot oil) dry technology is the brown coal non-evaporating dehydrolysis upgrading technology of representative; Be a kind ofly to change the physics and the chemical structure of brown coal, it is transformed into cleaning, the method for upgrading of bituminous coal fuel efficiently through conditions such as High Temperature High Pressure.This novel upgrading technology is that brown coal are directly contacted with high temperature and high pressure steam (or high-temperature hot oil), and moisture is deviate from, and becomes fine and close more thereby brown coal are shunk, and hydrophobicity strengthens.This method thermo-efficiency and security thereof are all than higher.
U.S. KFx company last century the mid-80 developed K fuel engineering (K-Fuel Process) technology, got into the industrial application stage through 20 years improve.Its upgrading process is: coal is sent into autoclave through after pulverizing through transport unit.Autoclave internal pressure and temperature maintain 3.7MPa and 238 ℃ respectively.In autoclave, coal cinder breaks, and sulfide is separated from coal, and the moisture in the coal also evaporates thereupon.Can send into directly through the coal dust of high temperature high pressure process and the water vapor that is evaporated that boiler generates electricity or heat supply.
Similar techniques also has the hot-pressing processing technology of Ukraine: with granularity is the brown coal of 13～100mm, at pressure is to handle 2～3h under the saturation steam of 2MPa, coal is shunk and removes wherein moisture.Its moisture reduces to 15%～18% by 33% the most at last, and calorific value is then brought up to 20.7MJ/kg by 15.7MJ/kg.
Japan power supply development company (D) and Kawasaki Heavy Industries company (K) began one's study from 1976 and have successfully developed D-K non-evaporating dehydrolysis technology.The D-K dewatering process can realize that brown coal moisture heats under non-evaporation conditions, moisture is deviate from from brown coal with liquid state, and its ature of coal changes similar natural incoalation.4 autoclave pressures are arranged in the device, can realize semi-continuous running, can realize the recovery of exhaust vapour and hot water between the autoclave pressure.
Japanese kobe steel institute (Kobe Steel Group) is characterized in removing the moisture in the brown coal with light oil in the UBC that begins one's study (Upgrading Brown Coal) brown coal upgrading technology in 1993.Concrete technology is: after brown coal are ground to form powdery; Mix with recovered oil (the normally light oil of petroleum cracking generation) and heavy oil; Form coal slurry; In a vaporizer, heat coal slurry then; Moisture is evaporated; With decanter refiltered oil from the coal slurry of dehydration, obtain upgrading fine coal again, at last with the coal compression moulding of upgrading.
For a long time, the many countries that abound with brown coal in Europe are except that being used for brown coal generating and large-sized boiler, and all the other all are to be used for industry and civilian after being processed into moulded coal, and Australia is no exception.Brown coal through physical actions such as high pressure or shearings, make its gel structure and pore system receive irreversible destruction in moulding process, thereby from having changed the coal rank of coal sample in essence, degree of coalification also improves thereupon.
Above-mentioned brown coal process for upgrading, required equipment is complicated, and technical process is more, and investment is big, and thermo-efficiency is low, is unfavorable for the large-scale promotion application in China.
Summary of the invention
For addressing the above problem; The present invention proposes a kind of device and method for upgrading thereof of brown coal upgrading; Device comprises coal slurry preparation facilities, pump; Canal dryer, a plurality of flash-pot, heating unit and liquid-solid separator; Said pump one end connects the coal slurry preparation facilities, and the other end connects the inlet end of said canal dryer; Said canal dryer is the sleeve pipe form; Its outer setting has coal slurry preheating chuck and a plurality of secondary steam preheating chuck; Said flash-pot has coal slurry pipe and vapour pipe; The coal slurry pipe of a plurality of flash-pots is connected in series; The one of which end connects the exit end of said canal dryer; The other end connects said coal slurry preheating chuck, and the other end of said coal slurry preheating chuck connects said liquid-solid separator; One end of said secondary steam preheating chuck connects the vapour outlet of said flash-pot respectively, and the other end connects condensate draining; Said heating unit adopts fused salt or thermal oil indirect heating.
Wherein said pump is high pressure plunger pump or surge pump.
The quantity of wherein said flash-pot is identical with the quantity of said secondary steam preheating chuck, and each secondary steam preheating chuck connects a flash-pot respectively.
Wherein said secondary steam preheating chuck is a tube and shell heat exchanger, quantity be 3～20 the joint, 6～12 meters of every joint length, the joint with the joint between the employing flange be connected.
Wherein said heating unit is made up of 3～6 joint double-tube heat exchangers.
Wherein said heating unit is set to the exit end near canal dryer.
Wherein said liquid-solid separator is wet cyclone and whizzer.
Wherein said coal slurry preparation facilities comprises coal conveyor, coal pulverizer and the coal slurry groove that links to each other in turn.
The method for upgrading of above-mentioned brown coal device for improving quality may further comprise the steps:
Coal slurry gets into pump through the coal slurry preparation facilities, by pump coal slurry is pumped in the canal dryer;
Coal slurry flows in canal dryer, by steam preheating to 100～200 in slurry of the hot coal in the coal slurry preheating chuck and the secondary steam preheating chuck ℃;
Coal slurry after the preheating gets into the section of the heating unit of canal dryer setting, and fused salt or superheated vapour or thermal oil indirect heat exchange with in the heating unit are heated to 250～300 ℃, and the residence time of adjusting coal slurry is guaranteed moisture removal;
Coal slurry behind the heat drying gets into flash-pot, and the steam that evaporation produces gets into secondary steam preheating chuck, is used for the coal slurry that preheating newly pumps into;
Effusive coal slurry gets into coal slurry preheating chuck from a plurality of flash-pots, is used for the coal slurry that preheating newly pumps into;
Coal slurry flows out in coal slurry preheating chuck, gets into liquid-solid separator and carries out liquid-solid separation, obtains the coal dust after the upgrading, and coal dust is briquetting further, or coal slurry is directly produced coal water slurry without liquid-solid separation.
The invention has the advantages that:
1, the brown coal dehydration by evaporation exists energy consumption bigger.Non-evaporating dehydrolysis technology is that water in the coal is removed with liquid state, has therefore saved evaporation of water latent heat, and has reduced the discharging about 25% of greenhouse gases;
2, the brown coal of extraction are just directly pulverized slurrying, have reduced the brown coal oxidation;
3, after this continuous apparatus upgrading; The brown coal calorific value improves 40～100%, the moisture removal 50～70% of brown coal, oxygen removal 50～70%; Solubility Na, K, S, N, Fe, Ca are also removed by part, and brown coal can be further used for transporting outward behind coal water slurry production or the briquetting behind the upgrading;
4, preheating section adopts multi-tube heat transfer, makes full use of the sensible heat preheating coal slurry of the secondary steam of hot coal slurry sensible heat and self-evaporatint n. generation, and thermo-efficiency is high;
5, heating zone adopts the fused salt heating to improve heat transfer efficiency, need not high pressure steam, reduces investment outlay;
6, compare with drying and dehydrating in hot blast or in the superheated vapour, the coal of same quantity adopts this technology only to need 40% energy;
7, adopt DCS or PLC control techniques, the isoparametric multiple spot of pressure, flow, temperature, liquid level that carries out this technology follows back detection, demonstration, warning, record etc.;
8, in order to increase the length of conveniently adjusted holding-zone of the residence time, guarantee the upgrading effect;
9, compare with the multi-pipe drying mechanism that adopts at present in the world, energy consumption is low, no-rotary part, maintenance cost is low, can be on a large scale, continuously brown coal dewater, deoxidation, invest little;
10, coal slurry water reusable edible, no waste water pollution problem;
11, water of condensation can be concentrated recovery, is used for the coal slurry preparation, and also further flash distillation produces steam and cold coal slurry heat exchange;
12, the heating that does not exist other drying means to exist is uneven, brown coal are overheated, even catches fire and the blast problem.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is for being brown coal non-evaporating dehydrolysis device synoptic diagram.
Reference numeral is following: 1, coal conveyor, 2, coal pulverizer, 3, the coal slurry groove, 4, surge pump; 5, canal dryer, 6, coal slurry preheating chuck, 7, secondary steam preheating chuck, 8, flash-pot; 9 heating units, 10, wet cyclone and whizzer, 11, condensate draining.
Embodiment
Referring to accompanying drawing 1, it has described a specific embodiment according to brown coal device for improving quality of the present invention.Comprise coal slurry preparation facilities, pump; Canal dryer, a plurality of flash-pot, heating unit and liquid-solid separator; The preferred coal slurry preparation facilities of coal slurry preparation facilities comprises coal conveyor, coal pulverizer and the coal slurry groove that links to each other in turn; Preferred high pressure plunger pump of pump or surge pump; The one of which end connects the coal slurry groove in the coal slurry preparation facilities; The other end connects the inlet end of said canal dryer, is used in canal dryer, carrying coal slurry; The outer setting of canal dryer has coal slurry preheating chuck and a plurality of secondary steam preheating chuck; Be used for the coal slurry that preheating pumps into; Flash-pot has coal slurry pipe and vapour pipe; A plurality of flash-pots are connected in series, and the exit end of an end connecting tube moisture eliminator of coal slurry pipe, the other end connect coal slurry preheating chuck; The other end of coal slurry preheating chuck connects liquid-solid separator; Preferred wet cyclone series connection centrifuge separator is used to carry out liquid-solid separation, obtains the coal dust after the upgrading; The quantity of flash-pot is identical with the quantity of preferred and secondary steam preheating chuck, and an end of each secondary steam preheating chuck connects a flash-pot respectively, and the secondary steam preheating chuck the other end connects condensate draining; Heating unit is arranged on the exit end annex of canal dryer, around the canal dryer setting, preferably is made up of 3～6 joint double-tube heat exchangers.
Secondary steam preheating chuck is preferably tube and shell heat exchanger, quantity be 3～20 the joint, promptly the quantity of flash-pot also is 3～20,6～12 meters of every joint length, the joint with the joint between the employing flange be connected.
The method for upgrading of above-mentioned brown coal device for improving quality may further comprise the steps:
Coal gets into pump through the coal slurry preparation facilities, by pump coal slurry is pumped in the canal dryer;
Coal slurry flows in canal dryer, by steam preheating to 100～200 in slurry of the hot coal in the coal slurry preheating chuck and the secondary steam preheating chuck ℃;
Coal slurry after the preheating gets into the section that canal dryer is provided with heating unit; With fused salt or superheated vapour or the thermal oil indirect heat exchange in the heating unit; Be heated to 270～300 ℃; For guaranteeing that the moisture content in the coal slurry reaches requirement; Coal slurry is stayed for some time at the heating unit section; The time that stops can freely be set according to the concrete moisture situation of coal slurry, can guarantee moisture removal in common 5～60 minutes;
Coal slurry behind the heat drying gets into flash-pot, and the secondary steam that produces gets into the preheating chuck therein, is used for the coal slurry that preheating newly pumps into;
Effusive coal slurry temperature is still than higher from a plurality of flash-pots, therefore makes it get into coal slurry preheating chuck, carries out heat exchange, the coal slurry that preheating newly pumps into the coal slurry that newly pumps in the canal dryer;
Coal slurry flows out in coal slurry preheating chuck, gets into liquid-solid separator and carries out liquid-solid separation, obtains coal dust, and coal dust is briquetting or preparation coal water slurry further, realizes the upgrading of brown coal.
The above; Only be the preferable embodiment of patent of the present invention; But the protection domain of patent of the present invention is not limited thereto; Any technician who is familiar with the present technique field is in the technical scope that patent of the present invention discloses; The variation that can expect easily or replacement all should be encompassed within the protection domain of patent of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. brown coal device for improving quality; It is characterized in that; Comprise coal slurry preparation facilities, pump, canal dryer, heating unit, a plurality of flash-pot and liquid-solid separator, said pump one end connects the coal slurry preparation facilities, and the other end connects the inlet end of said canal dryer; Said canal dryer is the sleeve pipe form; Its outer setting has coal slurry preheating chuck and a plurality of secondary steam preheating chuck; Said flash-pot has coal slurry pipe and vapour pipe; The coal slurry pipe of a plurality of flash-pots is connected in series; Coal slurry Guan Yiduan after the series connection connects the exit end of said heating unit; The other end connects said coal slurry preheating chuck, and the other end of said coal slurry preheating chuck connects said liquid-solid separator; One end of said secondary steam preheating chuck connects the vapour pipe outlet of said flash-pot respectively, and the other end connects condensate draining; Said heating unit adopts fused salt or heat-conducting oil heating.
2. brown coal device for improving quality as claimed in claim 1, wherein said pump are high pressure plunger pump or surge pump.
3. brown coal device for improving quality as claimed in claim 1 or 2, the quantity of wherein said flash-pot is identical with the quantity of said secondary steam preheating chuck, and each secondary steam preheating chuck connects a flash-pot respectively.
4. brown coal device for improving quality as claimed in claim 3, wherein said secondary steam preheating chuck is a tube and shell heat exchanger, quantity be 3～20 the joint, 6～12 meters of every joint length, the joint with the joint between the employing flange be connected.
5. like claim 1 or 4 described brown coal device for improving quality, wherein said heating unit is made up of 3～6 joint double-tube heat exchangers.
6. brown coal device for improving quality as claimed in claim 5, wherein said heating unit are set to the exit end near canal dryer.
7. brown coal device for improving quality as claimed in claim 1, wherein said liquid-solid separator are wet cyclone and whizzer.
8. brown coal device for improving quality as claimed in claim 1, wherein said coal slurry preparation facilities comprise coal conveyor, coal pulverizer and the coal slurry groove that links to each other in turn.
Like claim 1-8 wherein arbitrary as described in the method for upgrading of brown coal device for improving quality, it is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
Coal slurry gets into pump through the coal slurry preparation facilities, by pump coal slurry is pumped in the canal dryer;
Coal slurry flows in canal dryer, by the steam preheating in slurry of the hot coal in the coal slurry preheating chuck and the secondary steam preheating chuck;
Coal slurry after the preheating gets into the section that canal dryer is provided with heating unit, and fused salt or superheated vapour or thermal oil indirect heat exchange with in the heating unit are heated to 250 ~ 300 ℃, and the residence time of adjusting coal slurry is guaranteed moisture removal;
Coal slurry behind the heat drying gets into flash-pot, and the steam that evaporation produces gets into secondary steam preheating chuck, is used for the coal slurry that preheating newly pumps into;
Effusive coal slurry gets into coal slurry preheating chuck from a plurality of flash-pots, is used for the coal slurry that preheating newly pumps into;
Coal slurry flows out in coal slurry preheating chuck, directly produces coal water slurry without liquid-solid separation, perhaps gets into liquid-solid separator and carries out liquid-solid separation, obtains coal dust, and coal dust carries out briquetting or directly uses as finished product.
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| CN201110218409.7A CN102304405B (en) | 2011-08-01 | 2011-08-01 | Lignite upgrading device and method |
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| CN201110218409.7A CN102304405B (en) | 2011-08-01 | 2011-08-01 | Lignite upgrading device and method |
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Cited By (5)
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| CN106047441A (en) * | 2016-07-13 | 2016-10-26 | 青岛松灵电力环保设备有限公司 | Brown coal drying and upgrading system |
| CN109563425A (en) * | 2016-08-08 | 2019-04-02 | 株式会社神户制钢所 | The manufacturing method of ashless coal and the manufacturing device of ashless coal |
| CN111534354A (en) * | 2020-05-14 | 2020-08-14 | 太原理工大学 | Process and device for improving quality of waste oil and fat coal boiling |
| CN111944570A (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2020-11-17 | 肇庆市顺鑫煤化工科技有限公司 | Preparation process of oil coal slurry |
| CN113480342A (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2021-10-08 | 兰州市冠涛科技有限责任公司 | Humic acid preparation process, and humic acid-containing base fertilizer and fertilizer prepared by process |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106047441A (en) * | 2016-07-13 | 2016-10-26 | 青岛松灵电力环保设备有限公司 | Brown coal drying and upgrading system |
| CN109563425A (en) * | 2016-08-08 | 2019-04-02 | 株式会社神户制钢所 | The manufacturing method of ashless coal and the manufacturing device of ashless coal |
| CN111944570A (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2020-11-17 | 肇庆市顺鑫煤化工科技有限公司 | Preparation process of oil coal slurry |
| CN111534354A (en) * | 2020-05-14 | 2020-08-14 | 太原理工大学 | Process and device for improving quality of waste oil and fat coal boiling |
| CN113480342A (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2021-10-08 | 兰州市冠涛科技有限责任公司 | Humic acid preparation process, and humic acid-containing base fertilizer and fertilizer prepared by process |
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