CN103822213B - The dehydration of a kind of municipal sludge heat, waste heat drying and fluidized incineration integral process and system - Google Patents
The dehydration of a kind of municipal sludge heat, waste heat drying and fluidized incineration integral process and system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to sludge disposal technology.The dehydration of a kind of municipal sludge heat, waste heat drying and fluidized incineration integral process, initial dewatered sludge, after heat exchange, carries out premixed with high-temperature ash; After preheating, mud carries out pyrohydrolysis retort, enters drain sump after hydrolysis; Discharge moisture in drain sump, a road enters waste water evaporimeter through air supporting, produces the hydrolysis of indirect steam supply sludge hot after evaporation; Separately lead up to waste water residual heat-mud heat exchanger; Broken mud granule rests in sludge bin; In sludge bin, broken mud carries out fluidized drying; After dry, mud enters the burning of fluid bed heat conducting oil boiler, and lime-ash removing bottom ash, high quartz sand mixes with mud and preheating mud.Present invention process is reasonable, and simply, organic combination is burned in dehydration, waste heat drying and liquefaction and is integrated, realize municipal sludge organic process, treatment effect is good.
Description
one, technical field
The invention belongs to sludge disposal technology, the treatment process that especially a kind of municipal sewage plant dewatered sludge minimizing stabilisation is innoxious.
two, background technology:
Mud is that what to be formed in water treatment procedure take organic matter as the gunk of main component, the aggregate that the organic and inorganic particle of the zoogloea formed by multiple-microorganism and absorption thereof forms, the organic matter containing a large amount of moisture and difficult degradation, heavy metal and salt, pathogen, parasitic ovum etc.Along with the development of Chinese society economy and urbanization, sewage treatment plant constantly increases, and the output of mud also increases substantially.The mud that sewage treatment plant produces is after initial concentration, and moisture content is still more than 80%, and wherein containing a large amount of pollutants, Treatment of Sludge is the environmental problem that China is badly in need of solving.
End 2010, the built urban wastewater treatment firm 2832 in the whole nation, urban wastewater treatment firm year the amount of disposing of sewage reach 31,800,000,000 tons, the total amount of sewage discharge at city and county town has reached 450.8 hundred million tons.Wherein, 657 urban sewage discharge total amounts are 378.7 hundred million tons, and 1633 county town total amount of sewage discharge are 72.1 hundred million tons.Throughput reaches 1.25 hundred million ton per days, and the planned city in the whole nation 96%, the county town of 65% all builtly have sewage treatment plant." 12 " period, the urban wastewater treatment scale in national planned range reaches 1.71 billion cubic meters/day (it is 1.3 tons that 10,000 tons of sanitary sewages approximately can produce dewatered sludge amount)." 12 " period, it is 2,500 ten thousand tons/year that scale is disposed in the city sludge process in national planned range, is converted into 518.13 ten thousand tons/year, dry mud.
Municipal sludge is pollutant and a kind of resource.Containing large amount of organic matter in mud, there is fuel value.The dewatered sludge Treatment and recovery of China utilizes technology still not form a unified thinking.Research safety, efficient, economic sludge treatment technique, realize the minimizing of mud, stabilisation, innoxiously become the hot issue widely paid close attention to.Current sludge treating method mainly contains three kinds: landfill, Land_use change, burning.Landfill is traditional Treatment of Sludge mode, and because the place that can produce secondary pollution and suitable Sludge landfill is more and more limited, the application of Sludge landfill is restricted.Land_use change mainly comprises agricultural sludge, mud for the improvement etc. in the places such as forest and gardening, discarded mining site, and the venomous injurant in mud can cause soil or water pollution.Disposal options is more widely applied in sludge incineration in recent years, and its advantage is the minimizing that can realize mud to greatest extent.Sludge incineration place is equipped with two kinds of modes: one is direct burning, mixes coal or the after-combustion of wet goods auxiliary fuel by dewatered sludge.Two is that mud burns after mummification again, and dewatered sludge burns after carrying out drying and other treatment further.Mummification mode divides direct mummification and indirectly drying two kinds, and both differences are that thermal source is direct or indirectly heats as heat transferring medium.
Containing rudimentary organic matter in mud, as amino acid, humic acid, bacterium and metabolite, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, heterocycle compound etc., it is relatively simple for structure, and be oxidized through two stage biological, the decomposition be subject in various degree destroys, be easy to pyrolytic, therefore decomposition temperature, initiation temperature and Burn-out temperature are lower, be easy to burning, and after mummification, moisture percentage in sewage sludge is low, decreases the consumption of moisture evaporation energy, therefore anhydration and incineration has greater advantage, compared with directly burning with mud, one-time investment is few, and processing cost is low.Therefore, sludge drying-burning be municipal sewage plant carry out mud rational exploitation and utilization must through approach, be the good method that mud carries out minimizing, stabilisation, innoxious, resource.Containing the organic substance of nearly 40% in dewatered sludge, there is combustibility, so mud was both regarded as discarded object, be regarded as again a kind of biomass resource.The development trend that Appropriate application sludge resource one of having become that mud effectively utilizes is new.
Publication date is on September 26th, 2007, publication number is CN101041544, application number be 200710011115.0 patent of invention be the rotary drum film pressing sludge drying machine that the applicant applies for, rotated with the rotary heating face of foraminous conveyer along with inner water flowing steam by pressure roller, drive dewatered sludge to rotate along rotary heating face and foraminous conveyer, the conduction of heat of water vapour makes moisture percentage in sewage sludge reduce.This equipment is researched and developed according to sludge quality and heat exchange principle at film.But this technique exists many difficult problems being difficult to overcome, first, due to the high viscosity of mud, serious adhesive tape problem occurs in dry run, cause conveyer belt mesh to block, water translocation and volatilization are seriously obstructed, and cause drying efficiency to decline; Secondly, in mud, the moisture overwhelming majority is vaporized, and makes energy consumption significantly increase thus.
Publication date is on July 23rd, 2008, publication number is CN101224912, application number be 200810026039.5 patent of invention disclose a kind of drying method for sludge, dewatered sludge and dewatered sludge is proposed to carry out mix and blend, the product part drawn is sold as product, a part continues to be dried to dewatered sludge and wet mud blending is stirred, and namely avoids the gluing interval mutually of drying sludge by mixing method.It is feasible that this method is analyzed theoretically, but needs to add the product that a large amount of dewatered sludge blending just can obtain required water cut value in practical operation, does not fundamentally cross the barrier of current drying sludge.
Publication date is on September 20th, 2011, publication number is 102381820A, application number be 201110279705.8 patent of invention disclose a kind of sludge treatment technique based on hydrothermal modification technology, enter after proposing that mud is added dilution water after fully mixing homogeneous in homogeneous device and enter slurrying device, after pulp, mud enters hydrothermal reactor and carries out hydro-thermal reaction, after hydro-thermal, mud enters vacuum flashing in flash vessel, after cooler is cooled to 35-45 DEG C, enters autoclave diaphragm filter press carries out filter-press dehydration, dehydrated sludge cake is made into biomass fuel rod, entering boiler for hydrothermal reactor and flash vessel provides steam.The main deficiency that this sludge treatment technique exists is as follows: (1) needs to add Macrodilution water, thereby increases hydro-thermal slurrying process steam consumption; (2) be stable colloid state after mud cooling, filter-press dehydration is more difficult, and high pressure press filtration energy consumption is high.
In sum, the core of Treatment of Sludge is to realize efficient drying under the condition that energy consumption is lower, the high-moisture percentage of mud, high viscosity cause it to dehydrate bottleneck being difficult to overcome, and traditional heating and gasifying drying means runs owing to good too highly eventually can cannot realize industrialization.Therefore, need a kind of low energy consumption of exploitation, sludge dewatering efficiently, desiccation integral metallization processes badly, really realize innoxious, the recycling treatment of mud.
summary of the invention:
The present invention proposes a kind of municipal sludge process and dispose integral process, the method is applicable to city dehydrated sludge harmless treatment and disposal.The drying integrated system process that sludge hot is hydrolyzed modified, explosion realizes breaking-wall cell, Auto-drainage, high velocity air realize the high-moisture percentage paste object that sludge water content combines from techniques such as, fume afterheat fluidized bed drying, waste water evaporation secondary steam recyclings.
The concrete technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: the dehydration of a kind of municipal sludge heat, waste heat drying and fluidized incineration integral process, comprise the steps:
(1) add quartz sand in the initial dewatered sludge of moisture 80-88%, after heat exchanger heat exchange, carry out premixed with high-temperature ash, mud is preheated;
(2) after preheating, mud carries out pyrohydrolysis reaction, after hydrolysis completes, enters drain sump fast;
(3) in drain sump, in mud, moisture is discharged by being arranged on drain sump internal core under system pressure effect;
(4) discharge moisture in drain sump, a part, after the useless impurities in water of air supporting removing, enters waste water evaporimeter, produces the hydrolysis of indirect steam supply sludge hot after evaporation; Another part passes through waste water residual heat-mud heat exchanger, to initial mud preheating;
(5) mud explosion discharge under system pressure effect in tank in drain sump, be broken and be atomized, because moisture and sludge density difference are comparatively large, Sludge Surface moisture is carried discharge by high-speed compressed air, through the laggard sewage disposal of condensation, mud granule rests in sludge bin;
(6) in sludge bin, broken mud carries out fluidized drying, and flue gas is outer row after purified treatment;
(7) dry rear mud finally enters the burning of fluid bed heat conducting oil boiler, and by heat-conducting oil heating, lime-ash enters separator removing bottom ash, and high quartz sand mixes with mud and preheating mud, and bottom ash is arranged outward as brickmaking;
(8) heated the circulation of rear conduction oil and entered waste water evaporimeter 7, will be heated to temperature required from waste water in pressure air-dissolving air-float tank 6, produce secondary saturated vapor and enter pyrohydrolysis retort 4, flue gas enters fluidized bed dryer.
Add mud total amount 10%(quality in the mud of described (1) moisture content 80-88%) high-temperature ash, then pyrohydrolysis retort is directly added, in pyrohydrolysis retort, saturated vapor directly enters at the bottom of tank, arranges vapor distribution plate at the bottom of tank, adopts Stirring in tank, mud is fully contacted with saturated steam, realize flash heat transfer and mass transfer, when reactor temperature reaches design temperature 150-200 DEG C and pressure 0.5-1.6MPa, maintain reaction time 10-30 about min.
Mud heating in described (3) pyrohydrolysis retort, after being hydrolyzed, in order to the temperature maintained in dehydration tank is not less than 150 DEG C, mud is before entering drain sump, 170 DEG C of saturated steams will be full of in drain sump, then pyrohydrolysis retort and drain sump communicating valve is opened, then constantly mud is made to enter drain sump fast toward retort top supplementing water steam or compressed air, drain sump can be entered from pyrohydrolysis retort smoothly to make mud, drain sump top setting pressure control valve, when pressure in drain sump is closed lower than during setting pressure, open higher than during setting pressure.
Described (3) are arranging multiplayer annular hollow filter core in drain sump, and mud contained humidity is discharged through multi-layered filtering element under system pressure effect in drain sump; Retort system pressure can be supplemented by compressed air and provide.
Described (3) drain sump inner filter core is connected with water storing tank, and water storing tank and drain sump pressure maintain 0.3-0.4 MPa pressure reduction; In water storing tank, pressure is provided by compressed air, after effluent sewerage enters water storing tank in mud, under compressed air pressure effect, dissolves a certain amount of air.
Discharge moisture in described (4) drain sump, a part, after the useless impurities in water of air supporting removing, enters waste water evaporimeter, produces the hydrolysis of indirect steam supply sludge hot after evaporation; Another part passes through waste water residual heat-mud heat exchanger, to initial mud preheating.
After mud drainage procedure completes in described (5) drain sump, open bottom valve door fast, utilize overbottom pressure in tank that dehydrated sludge blasting type is entered demolition set.
Install some air knives (pressure-air provides) bottom described (5) explosion storehouse, dehydrated sludge is entering in the process of explosion storehouse, is cut and smash, be atomized by vertical direction air knife.According to the density contrast of mud and water, in the collision process of high velocity air and water-containing sludge, moisture is carried by high velocity air, discharges along airflow direction (Vertical dimension), mud granule collide along former direction (level to) and explosion storehouse, broken, finally fall into discharge at the bottom of storehouse.
Described (6) are discharged mud and are entered fluidized bed dryer at the bottom of explosion storehouse, with dry from sludge incinerator smoke convection, by further for mud mummification.
After described (7) are dry from fluid bed, mud enters circulating fluidized bed heat conducting oil boiler, and sludge incineration is by heat-conducting oil heating; Sludge incineration rear section lime-ash directly adds in initial mud, to mud preheating, realizes recycling of part lime-ash.
The dehydration of a kind of municipal sludge heat, waste heat drying and fluidized incineration integral system, sludge bin discharging opening is communicated with mud and sewage heat exchanger, mud and sewage heat exchanger sludge outlet is communicated with mud-lime-ash mixing bunker, outlet of sewer is communicated with treatment center of sewage, the outlet of fluid bed heat conduction oil boiler boiler ash sediment is communicated with mud-lime-ash mixing bunker after grey pulp separator, mud-lime-ash mixing bunker discharging opening is communicated with pyrohydrolysis retort, pyrohydrolysis retort steam inlet is communicated with waste water evaporimeter steam (vapor) outlet, the saturated vapor that waste water evaporimeter steam (vapor) outlet is discharged directly enters at the bottom of pyrohydrolysis retort tank, at the bottom of pyrohydrolysis retort tank, vapor distribution plate is set, Stirring is adopted in pyrohydrolysis retort tank, pyrohydrolysis retort discharging opening is communicated with drain sump, drain sump top setting pressure control valve, arranging multiplayer annular hollow filter core in drain sump, drain sump inner filter core is connected with water storing tank, water storing tank is connected with de-compressed air inlet, mounted valve at the bottom of drain sump tank, drain sump discharges moisture after pressure air-dissolving air-float tank, one tunnel enters waste water evaporimeter, another road enters mud and sewage heat exchanger, drain sump mud discharging opening is communicated with explosion storehouse, bottom explosion storehouse, some air knives are installed, explosion storehouse passes into compressed air, the humid air that explosion storehouse is discharged enters condenser, leaving condenser water enters treatment center of sewage, and the broken mud that explosion storehouse is discharged enters fluidized bed dryer, and after dry, mud enters fluid bed heat conducting oil boiler, conduction oil circulation enters waste water evaporimeter, and flue gas enters fluidized bed dryer.
The advantage of this technique is:
(1) power savings advantages: for process moisture 80-87%(quality) city dehydrated sludge, do not need extra fuel or additional heat, the thorough process of mud can be realized;
(2) environment-friendly advantage: the process of mud overall process is without the need to outer adding medicine (as all kinds of flocculant); Adopt fluidized incineration can avoid the generation of sludge incineration process bioxin; Heating mud steam used is produced by deviating from water in mud, without the need to extra clean water.
(3) system process is simple, and equipment investment is low.
The present invention adopts pyrohydrolysis technology, first moisture content is about 80-90% city dehydrated sludge and is heated to uniform temperature (150-200 DEG C), makes the polysaccharide in mud extracellular polymeric, protein acquisition degraded to a certain degree, its retentiveness is reduced; Mud colloidal stability declines simultaneously, and viscosity significantly reduces.First, mud to temperature required, is realized sludge modification by steam direct heating.Then this mud enters automatic drain system, moisture in mud is discharged automatically by filter core, realizes muddy water and be automatically separated, discharge moisture and enter sewage pressure air-dissolving air-float system, realize air supporting except suspension and other macromolecule contaminants in decontaminated water, carry out Preliminary sewage pretreatment.After draining, the quick-fried formula of mud enters explosion storehouse and realizes sludge cell wall breakage, and is cut by high velocity air and pulverize, and Sludge Surface residual moisture is carried separation by air-flow.Dehydrated sludge enters waste heat flue gas fluidized bed dryer, carries out convective drying with from boiler smoke, further by sludge dewatering, drying.After dry, mud enters fluidized bed incinerator, and burning institute, to produce heat a part of for heating conduction oil, and another part waste heat flue gas is for dewatered sludge in fluidized bed dryer; Heated rear conduction oil enter waste water evaporimeter for waste water evaporation heat is provided, finally, conduction oil backflow enter heat-conducting oil furnace circulating-heating.This art inventions is applicable to city dehydrated sludge harmless treatment and disposal, and mud self institute heat content can meet needed for the process of mud overall process.It is a kind of clean, high efficient technology of innoxious, recycling treatment high-moisture percentage paste object.
Present system arranges rationally compact, wherein pre-heating system mainly comprises waste water preheating mud and fluidized bed incinerator high quartz sand preheating two parts, its function reclaims waste heat and lime-ash waste heat in waste water, lime-ash is except having preheating mud, another one major function is in utilizing institute in lime-ash electrically charged and mud colloid institute static electrification, destroys mud colloidal stability.Mud, by mud after preheating and steam, is heated to design temperature by pyrohydrolysis system, realizes sludge modification.Moisture in mud is discharged by filter core by automatic drain system automatically, realizes muddy water and is automatically separated, and enters sewage pressure air-dissolving air-float system.In sewage pressure air-dissolving air-float system, after the dissolution of contaminated water compressed air of automatic drain system, by decompression release dissolved air, realize air supporting except suspension and other macromolecule contaminants in decontaminated water, carry out Preliminary sewage pretreatment.Blasting system is broken further by dehydrated sludge, realizes sludge cell wall breakage simultaneously, and is cut by high velocity air and pulverize, and Sludge Surface residual moisture is carried separation by air-flow, and the mud that proportion is greater than water falls back to sludge bin naturally.In waste heat flue gas drying system, enter fluidized bed dryer from sludge bin mud, carry out convective drying with from boiler smoke, further by sludge dewatering, drying.Fluidized incineration system is made up of fluidized incineration and heat-conducting oil furnace two parts, will from mud fluidized incineration after dry in waste heat flue gas drying system, by heat-conducting oil heating to temperature required.In waste water vapo(u)rization system, part is from sewage pressure air-dissolving air-float system, after preliminary treatment, sewage is evaporated from fluidized incineration system heat-conducting oil heating, and indirect steam enters sludge hot hydrolysis system for sludge hot hydrolysis provides heat, and conduction oil backflow enters heat-conducting oil furnace circulating-heating.
accompanying drawing illustrates:
Fig. 1 is that described municipal sludge heat is dewatered, waste heat is dry and fluidized incineration integral process flow chart
Fig. 2 is that described municipal sludge heat is dewatered, waste heat is dry and fluidized incineration integral process energy balance figure;
In figure: 1. sludge bin; 2. mud and sewage heat exchanger; 3. mud-lime-ash mixing bunker; 4. pyrohydrolysis retort; 5. drain sump; 6. pressure air-dissolving air-float tank; 7. waste water evaporimeter; 8. explosion storehouse; 9. fluidized bed dryer; 10. fluid bed heat conducting oil boiler; 11. condensers; 12. lime-ash are separated; 13. brick equipments.
Detailed description of the invention
Specific embodiments of the invention are described in detail below in conjunction with technical scheme and accompanying drawing.
The dehydration of a kind of municipal sludge heat, waste heat drying and fluidized incineration integral system are as shown in Figure 1, sludge bin 1 discharging opening is communicated with mud and sewage heat exchanger 2, mud and sewage heat exchanger sludge outlet is communicated with mud-lime-ash mixing bunker 3, outlet of sewer is communicated with treatment center of sewage, the outlet of fluid bed heat conduction oil boiler boiler ash sediment is communicated with mud-lime-ash mixing bunker after grey pulp separator 12, the ashes that ash pulp separator is discharged enter brick equipment 13, mud-lime-ash mixing bunker discharging opening is communicated with pyrohydrolysis retort 4, pyrohydrolysis retort steam inlet is communicated with waste water evaporimeter 7 steam (vapor) outlet, the saturated vapor that waste water evaporimeter steam (vapor) outlet is discharged directly enters at the bottom of pyrohydrolysis retort tank, at the bottom of pyrohydrolysis retort tank, vapor distribution plate is set, Stirring is adopted in pyrohydrolysis retort tank, pyrohydrolysis retort discharging opening is communicated with drain sump 5, drain sump top setting pressure control valve, arranging multiplayer annular hollow filter core in drain sump, drain sump inner filter core is connected with water storing tank, water storing tank is connected with de-compressed air inlet, mounted valve at the bottom of drain sump tank, drain sump discharges moisture after pressure air-dissolving air-float tank 6, one tunnel enters waste water evaporimeter, another road enters mud and sewage heat exchanger, drain sump mud discharging opening is communicated with explosion storehouse 8, bottom explosion storehouse, some air knives are installed, explosion storehouse passes into compressed air, the humid air that explosion storehouse is discharged enters condenser 11, leaving condenser water enters treatment center of sewage, and the broken mud that explosion storehouse is discharged enters fluidized bed dryer 9, and after dry, mud enters fluid bed heat conducting oil boiler 10, conduction oil circulation enters waste water evaporimeter, and flue gas enters fluidized bed dryer.
Municipal sludge heat dehydration as shown in Figure 2, waste heat drying and a fluidized incineration integral process, comprise the steps:
(1) the initial dewatered sludge of the paste of moisture 80-88% is stored in sludge bin, sludge bin discharging opening is communicated with mud-sewage heat exchanger, mud-lime-ash mixing bunker is entered after mud-sewage heat exchanger heat exchange, fluid bed heat conducting oil boiler burns the high-temperature ash of discharge after lime-ash is separated, high-temperature ash enters mud-lime-ash mixing bunker, high-temperature ash and mud carry out premixed, and mud is preheated, and realizes sludge modification simultaneously;
(2) modified mud squeezes into pyrohydrolysis retort 4 by plunger displacement pump, in pyrohydrolysis retort, the saturated vapor that waste water evaporimeter steam (vapor) outlet is discharged directly enters at the bottom of pyrohydrolysis retort tank, at the bottom of pyrohydrolysis retort tank, vapor distribution plate is set, Stirring is adopted in pyrohydrolysis retort tank, mud is fully contacted with saturated steam, realize flash heat transfer and mass transfer, when reactor temperature reaches design temperature 150-200 DEG C and pressure 0.5-1.6MPa, maintain reaction time 10-30 about min, after hydrolysis completes, blasting type enters drain sump 5;
(3) in order to the temperature maintained in dehydration tank is not less than 150 DEG C, mud is before entering drain sump, 170 DEG C of saturated steams will be full of in drain sump, then pyrohydrolysis retort and drain sump communicating valve is opened, then constantly mud is made to enter drain sump fast toward retort top supplementing water steam or compressed air, drain sump can be entered from pyrohydrolysis retort smoothly to make mud, drain sump top setting pressure control valve, when pressure in drain sump is closed lower than during setting pressure, open higher than during setting pressure; In drain sump 5, arranging multiplayer annular hollow filter core in drain sump, mud contained humidity is discharged through multi-layered filtering element under the effect of drain sump system pressure; Retort system pressure can be supplemented by compressed air and provide; Drain sump inner filter core is connected with water storing tank, and water storing tank and drain sump pressure maintain 0.3-0.4 MPa pressure reduction; In water storing tank, pressure is provided by compressed air, after effluent sewerage enters water storing tank in mud, under compressed air pressure effect, dissolves a certain amount of air;
(4) sewage of discharging from drain sump filter core enters pressure air-dissolving air-float tank 6, sewage is after suspension in air-dissolving air-float removing waste water and partial polymer, one tunnel enters waste water evaporimeter 7, produces indirect steam and enters pyrohydrolysis retort 4, for sludge hot hydrolysis provides required steam; Another road enters mud-sewage heat exchanger 2, by laggard for mud preheating sewage disposal;
(5) mud explosion discharge under overbottom pressure effect in tank in drain sump 5, enter explosion storehouse 8, install some air knives (pressure-air provides) bottom explosion storehouse, top passes into compressed air, dehydrated sludge is entering in the process of explosion storehouse, is cut and smash, be atomized by vertical direction air knife.According to the density contrast of mud and water, in the collision process of high velocity air and water-containing sludge, moisture is carried in humid air by high velocity air, discharge along airflow direction (Vertical dimension), mud granule collide along former direction (level to) and explosion storehouse, fragmentation, mud granule finally falls into sludge bin 8, and humid air is through the laggard sewage disposal of condenser condenses;
(6) in sludge bin 8, broken mud enters fluidized bed dryer 9, is carried out fluidized drying by from the flue gas in fluid bed heat conducting oil boiler 10, and flue gas is outer row after purified treatment;
(7) after dry from fluid bed, mud finally enters fluid bed heat conducting oil boiler 10 and burns, sludge incineration is by heat-conducting oil heating, after sludge incineration, lime-ash enters separator, after being separated, quartz sand enters in initial mud and mixes, bottom ash is arranged outward as brickmaking, and waste heat flue gas enters fluidized bed dryer 9 sludge-drying; Part lime-ash directly adds in initial mud, to mud preheating, realizes recycling of part lime-ash;
(8) being entered waste water evaporimeter 7 from heating the circulation of rear conduction oil in fluid bed heat conducting oil boiler 10, will heat from waste water in pressure air-dissolving air-float tank 6 and gasifying to temperature required; The humid air of discharging from explosion storehouse 8 is condensed in air cooler 11, and wastewater influent process, flue gas enters fluidized bed dryer.
Below in conjunction with Fig. 2, carry out system material and energy balance often to process 1 ton of moisture 85% mud:
(1) feedstock analysis
Mud used takes from the dewatered sludge of certain sewage disposal-factory of plumbing company, and for initial aqueous rate is about the black cream paste of 85%, dry base heat value is 13 MJ/kg,
Table 1 dewatered sludge Industrial Analysis result
| Material | Fugitive constituent (%) | Fixed carbon (%) | Ash content (%) | Moisture (%) |
| Dewatered sludge 1 | 66.57 | 11.34 | 22.19 | 3.18 |
| Dewatered sludge 2 | 66.68 | 12.17 | 21.05 | 3.60 |
| On average | 66.68 | 11.75 | 21.62 | 3.39 |
The elementary analysis of table 2 dewatered sludge
| Material | C(%) | H(%) | N(%) | S(%) |
| Dewatered sludge 1 | 42.62 | 6.74 | 6.52 | 1.23 |
| Dewatered sludge 2 | 42.36 | 6.84 | 6.73 | 1.21 |
| On average | 42.49 | 6.79 | 6.63 | 1.22 |
(2) logistics and energy flux computation
1) 1 ton of moisture 85% mud enters sludge bin, and heated (mode of heating is spiral coil) by from pressure air-dissolving air-float system sewage, sewage total amount is 520kg, and inlet temperature is 140 DEG C, and outlet temperature is 68.4 DEG C, mud initial temperature T
0=20 DEG C, mud specific heat gets 4.18 × 10
3kJ/kg DEG C (consistent with water), now mud is preheated final temperature and is:
be preheated rear mud to mix with from fluidized bed incinerator quartz sand, quartz sand quality 100kg, temperature is 800 DEG C, and quartz sand specific heat capacity gets 1.09 × 10
3kJ/kg DEG C.
2) mud is further heated, and final temperature is
t 1 :
Try to achieve
t 1 =80.4 DEG C
3) mud enters pyrohydrolysis system, is heated to 180 DEG C, and this part consumption of calorie is divided into two parts, and a part is the required 180 DEG C of saturated vapor quality Q of mud intensification
1, this part can be obtained by calculating; Another part is 180 DEG C of saturated vapor quality Q needed for the pyrolysis of sludge part component
2, this partial data can only be obtained by test, can be calculated:
Q 1 =138.6
kg;
Actual measurement
q 2 =80
kg;
3) mud enters drainage system, and under system pressure effect, discharge water inventory actual measurement in mud for 800kg, temperature is 140 DEG C (about 0.4MPa).
4) discharge water after pressure air-dissolving air-float process, wherein 218.6 kg enter waste water evaporimeter, and all the other 581.4kg enter mud heat exchanger preheating mud;
5) in dewatering system, mud explosion enters explosion storehouse, and this partial sludge is after hydrolysis, and butt loss 5%(enters in water, actual measurement), now dehydrated sludge moisture content is:
Now mud gross mass is 518.6 kg, and temperature is 140 DEG C;
6) gross mass is 518.6 kg, and moisture content 53.3%, temperature are that 140 DEG C of mud enter explosion storehouse fast, is cut and pulverize, be atomized by high velocity air, and contained residual moisture rapid flash in mud, mud is discharged at the bottom of storehouse.Now recording and discharging the final moisture content of mud is W
1=48.7%, quality is 496.5kg.
7) moisture content is W
1=48.7%, quality is that the mud of 496.5kg enters circulating sulfuration bed dryer, is dried to 30%, need removes moisture 150.8kg, and institute's calorific requirement whole origin self-fluidized type bed incinerator waste heat flue gas provides.
8) from fluidized bed dryer, discharge moisture 30% mud, gross mass is 345.7kg, wherein containing quartz sand 100kg, containing mud 142kg(calorific value 15MJ/kg, and butt), moisture 103.7kg, according to sludge industrial analysis, can calculate and produce flue gas 1657.3 m
3(excess air factor gets 1.2), gross calorific power is Q
always=2130MJ, efficiency of combustion gets 95%, and other heat loss get 5%, and so available energy is 1922MJ.This mud enters fluidized bed incinerator, and burn and produce a heat part for heating conduction oil, after heating, conduction oil enters waste water evaporator evaporation waste water (heat exchange efficiency gets 0.8 for 218.6kg saturated vapor, initial temperature 80.4 DEG C), and this part consumption of calorie is Q
gasification=873MJ; Another part heat is taken away by flue gas, for fluidized bed dryer sludge-drying.Flue gas initial temperature is 550 DEG C, and exhaust gas volumn is 1657.3m
3, enthalpy is 817.1KJ/m3, and exhaust gas temperature is 120 DEG C, and enthalpy is 144.4KJ/m3, and so release heat is 1657.3m
3× (817.1KJ/m3-144.4KJ/m3)=1114.9 × 103KJ, the hot effective rate of utilization 0.8 of convective drying process, so effectively utilize heat 1114.9 × 103KJ × 0.8=891.9 × 103KJ, this partial fume mixes air at room temperature 2463.6m
3, temperature is reduced to 250 DEG C.From (6), need remove moisture 150.8kg, theoretical thermal losses is Q
mummification=440MJ, is only and effectively can utilizes 50% of heat (891.9 × 103KJ), and now, system total amount of heat utilization rate is:
this efficiency at system cloud gray model in the reasonable scope.Therefore the complete feasible system heat self-balancing of this technique.
Claims (10)
1. municipal sludge heat dehydration, waste heat drying and a fluidized incineration integral process, is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
(1) the initial dewatered sludge of moisture 80-88% enters heat exchanger, and after heat exchanger heat exchange, burn the high-temperature ash of discharging with boiler and carry out premixed, mud is preheated, and realizes sludge modification simultaneously;
(2) after preheating, mud carries out pyrohydrolysis retort, passes into the indirect steam that waste water evaporimeter produces, and is heated by mud and is hydrolyzed, and after hydrolysis completes, enters drain sump fast;
(3) in drain sump, in mud, moisture is discharged by being arranged on drain sump internal core under system pressure effect;
(4) discharge moisture in drain sump, a road, after the useless impurities in water of air supporting removing, enters waste water evaporimeter, produces the hydrolysis of indirect steam supply sludge hot after evaporation; Separately lead up to waste water residual heat-mud heat exchanger, to initial mud preheating;
(5) drain sump mud discharging opening is communicated with explosion storehouse, mud explosion discharge under system pressure effect in tank in drain sump, be broken and be atomized, due to moisture and sludge density difference larger, Sludge Surface moisture is carried discharge by high-speed compressed air, through the laggard sewage disposal of condensation, mud granule rests in sludge bin;
(6) in sludge bin, broken mud carries out fluidized drying, and flue gas is outer row after purified treatment;
(7) dry rear mud finally enters the burning of fluid bed heat conducting oil boiler, and by heat-conducting oil heating, lime-ash enters separator removing bottom ash, and high quartz sand mixes with mud and preheating mud, and bottom ash is arranged outward as brickmaking;
(8) heated the circulation of rear conduction oil and entered waste water evaporimeter, will be heated to temperature required from waste water in pressure air-dissolving air-float tank, produce secondary saturated vapor and enter pyrohydrolysis retort, flue gas enters fluidized bed dryer for sludge drying provides required heat energy.
2. a kind of municipal sludge heat according to claim 1 dehydration, waste heat drying and fluidized incineration integral process, it is characterized in that: in the mud of described (1) moisture content 80-88%, add mud total amount 10% high-temperature ash, then pyrohydrolysis retort is directly added, in pyrohydrolysis retort, saturated vapor directly enters at the bottom of tank, at the bottom of tank, vapor distribution plate is set, Stirring is adopted in tank, mud is fully contacted with saturated steam, realize flash heat transfer and mass transfer, when reactor temperature reaches design temperature 150-200 DEG C and pressure 0.5-1.6MPa, maintain reaction time 20-30 min.
3. a kind of municipal sludge heat according to claim 1 dehydration, waste heat drying and fluidized incineration integral process, it is characterized in that: mud heating in described (3) pyrohydrolysis retort, after being hydrolyzed, in order to maintain the temperature of mud in dehydration tank at 150 DEG C, mud is before entering drain sump, 170 DEG C of saturated steams will be full of in drain sump, then pyrohydrolysis retort and drain sump communicating valve is opened, then constantly mud is made to enter drain sump fast toward retort top supplementing water steam or compressed air, drain sump can be entered from pyrohydrolysis retort smoothly to make mud, drain sump top setting pressure control valve, when pressure in drain sump is closed lower than during setting pressure, open higher than during setting pressure.
4. a kind of municipal sludge heat according to claim 1 dehydration, waste heat drying and fluidized incineration integral process, it is characterized in that: described (3) are arranging multiplayer annular hollow filter core in drain sump, mud contained humidity is discharged through multi-layered filtering element under the effect of retort system pressure; Retort system pressure can be supplemented by compressed air and provide.
5. a kind of municipal sludge heat according to claim 1 dehydration, waste heat drying and fluidized incineration integral process, is characterized in that: described (3) drain sump inner filter core is connected with water storing tank, and water storing tank and drain sump pressure maintain 0.3-0.4 MPa pressure reduction; In water storing tank, pressure is provided by compressed air, after effluent sewerage enters water storing tank in mud, under compressed air pressure effect, dissolves a certain amount of air.
6. a kind of municipal sludge heat according to claim 1 dehydration, waste heat drying and fluidized incineration integral process, it is characterized in that: after in described (5) drain sump, mud drainage procedure completes, quick unlatching bottom valve door, utilizes overbottom pressure in tank that dehydrated sludge blasting type is entered demolition set.
7. a kind of municipal sludge heat according to claim 1 dehydration, waste heat drying and fluidized incineration integral process, it is characterized in that: bottom described (5) explosion storehouse, some air knives are installed, air knife is provided by pressure-air, dehydrated sludge is entering in the process of explosion storehouse, cut by vertical direction air knife and smash, atomization, according to the density contrast of mud and water, in the collision process of high velocity air and water-containing sludge, moisture is carried by high velocity air, discharge along airflow direction, airflow direction described herein is vertical direction, mud granule collides along former direction and explosion storehouse, broken, finally fall at the bottom of storehouse and discharge, the former direction of mud granule described herein is horizontal direction.
8. a kind of municipal sludge heat according to claim 1 dehydration, waste heat drying and fluidized incineration integral process, it is characterized in that: described (6) are discharged mud and entered fluidized bed dryer at the bottom of explosion storehouse, with dry from sludge incinerator smoke convection, by further for mud mummification.
9. a kind of municipal sludge heat according to claim 1 dehydration, waste heat drying and fluidized incineration integral process, is characterized in that: after described (7) are dry from fluid bed, mud enters circulating fluidized bed heat conducting oil boiler, and sludge incineration is by heat-conducting oil heating; Sludge incineration rear section lime-ash directly adds in initial mud, to mud preheating, realizes recycling of part lime-ash.
10. municipal sludge heat dehydration, waste heat drying and fluidized incineration integral system, it is characterized in that: sludge bin discharging opening is communicated with mud and sewage heat exchanger, mud and sewage heat exchanger sludge outlet is communicated with mud-lime-ash mixing bunker, outlet of sewer is communicated with treatment center of sewage, the outlet of fluid bed heat conduction oil boiler boiler ash sediment is communicated with mud-lime-ash mixing bunker after grey pulp separator, mud-lime-ash mixing bunker discharging opening is communicated with pyrohydrolysis retort, pyrohydrolysis retort steam inlet is communicated with waste water evaporimeter steam (vapor) outlet, the saturated vapor that waste water evaporimeter steam (vapor) outlet is discharged directly enters at the bottom of pyrohydrolysis retort tank, at the bottom of pyrohydrolysis retort tank, vapor distribution plate is set, Stirring is adopted in pyrohydrolysis retort tank, pyrohydrolysis retort discharging opening is communicated with drain sump, drain sump top setting pressure control valve, arranging multiplayer annular hollow filter core in drain sump, drain sump inner filter core is connected with water storing tank, water storing tank is connected with de-compressed air inlet, mounted valve at the bottom of drain sump tank, drain sump discharges moisture after pressure air-dissolving air-float tank, one tunnel enters waste water evaporimeter, another road enters mud and sewage heat exchanger, drain sump mud discharging opening is communicated with explosion storehouse, bottom explosion storehouse, some air knives are installed, explosion storehouse passes into compressed air, the humid air that explosion storehouse is discharged enters condenser, leaving condenser water enters treatment center of sewage, and the broken mud that explosion storehouse is discharged enters fluidized bed dryer, and after dry, mud enters fluid bed heat conducting oil boiler, conduction oil circulation enters waste water evaporimeter, and flue gas enters fluidized bed dryer.
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| CN105841160B (en) * | 2016-05-23 | 2017-12-19 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of organic matter self energizing is dried and pyrolysis, full constituent recycling system and process |
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| CN108773992A (en) * | 2018-04-02 | 2018-11-09 | 苏伊士水务工程有限责任公司 | Sludge treatment system and method for treating sludge by using same |
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| CN110375304A (en) * | 2019-07-05 | 2019-10-25 | 浦湘生物能源股份有限公司 | Town and country solid waste rubbish based on garbage combustion device cooperates with integrated processing system |
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