Background technology
1, coal conditioning technique
Have industrialized coal conditioning technique at present in the world, be broadly divided into the three generations by its development course: first-generation coal conditioning technique adopts thermal oil to reclaim the waste heat of coke oven flue gas and the sensible heat of coke oven coke oven uprising tube, and in rotary shelf drier, with thermal oil coal charge is carried out indirect heating, thereby make the dry damping of coal charge.It is thermal barrier that s-generation coal conditioning technique adopts steam, in multi-tube revolving drier, with steam coal charge is carried out indirect heating, thereby makes the dry damping of coal charge.First-generation rotary shelf drier coal damping system process complexity, equipment is huge, and operation link is many, invests higherly, seldom uses now; The s-generation is the coal damping system of thermal barrier with steam, can't satisfy the user and utilize the further requirements of saving energy of coke oven flue gas waste heat, and can't carry out coal grading.
It is thermal barrier that third generation coal conditioning technique adopts coke oven flue waste gas, and hot flue gas and wet coal carry out direct heat exchange in fluidized-bed, thereby makes the dry damping of coal charge.
At present, third generation coal conditioning technique has been realized industrial applications in Japanese coke-oven plant, but its coal humidity control device does not have the size classification function of coal charge.
2. coal grading technology
In coke-oven plant's feed coal, particle diameter accounts for 50% of total coal charge amount greater than the coal charge of 3mm.To be particle diameter account for 20% of total coal charge amount greater than the coal charge of 3mm to coking coal optimum grain-diameter proportioning, and particle diameter accounts for 80% of total coal charge amount less than the coal charge of 3mm.Adopt coal to select disintegrating process, can effectively pulverize greater than the coal charge of 3mm particle diameter, avoid particle diameter to pulverize less than crossing of 3mm coal charge simultaneously, reduce power consumption and the working cost of pulverizer greatly.
Coal selects the difficult point of disintegrating process to be the fineness classification of coal.Tradition mechanical grading technology is perplexed by problem such as clogging of screen, and the minimum particle size grade that can effectively sieve is 6mm.The appearance of coal Pneumatic grading technique extends to 0.5mm with the coal grading granularity, is considered to the important breakthrough of coal grading technology.But the pneumatic classification device that present coal preparation technique begins to use does not have in classification, carries out the function of damping drying.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide that a kind of what integrate coal grading and coal conditioning technique is that pusher coal damping and classification integration apparatus are vibrated in the full boiling of thermal source with coke oven flue waste gas, this equipment is according to principle of work and the secondary blast of vibrated fluidized bed, make most of coal charge in coal damping grading machine, be in full boiling fluidized state, and small part macrobead coal charge is under the effect of rapping power, and damping limit, limit advances to damping grading machine Way out.This equipment not only can be realized even damping and the highly effective humidity conditioning of coal charge, and can realize the high-effective classifying of coal charge.
For achieving the above object, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
The full boiling pusher coal damping of vibration and classification integration apparatus, comprise wind inlet section, secondary air section, vibration distribution plate, feed coal entrance, damping coal export, air stream outlet, one time wind inlet section is positioned at vibration distribution plate bottom, and vibration distribution plate upper area is settlement separate district; Described vibration distribution plate is the fluidized-bed structure that is obliquely installed, and the feed coal entrance is positioned on the grading machine sidewall of vibration distribution plate hight end, and the damping coal export is positioned on the grading machine sidewall of vibration distribution plate low side; The secondary air section is positioned at vibration distribution plate top, and air stream outlet is arranged at the grading machine top.
Described wind inlet section bottom is provided with flow distributor.
Described settlement separate district comprises once settlement separate district and secondary settlement disengaging zone, and the secondary air section is positioned at once top, settlement separate district, bottom, secondary settlement disengaging zone.
Described secondary settlement disengaging zone is the hole enlargement structure.
Described grading machine top stream outlet is connected by pipeline with the fines segregation device; the outlet of fines segregation device is connected with particulate retrieving arrangement entrance; the fines segregation device adopts gravity separator or tornado dust collector; the particulate retrieving arrangement adopts sack cleaner, and fines segregation device and the outlet of particulate retrieving arrangement connect damping coal e Foerderanlage.
Described particulate retrieving arrangement top is communicated with smoke exhaust fan by connecting tube, and smoke exhaust fan is connected with chimney.
Described chimney also is connected by the secondary air entrance of connecting tube with grading machine secondary air section.
Described particulate retrieving arrangement bottom is provided with safety detection protector and accidental state nitrogen charging device.
Described fines segregation device and particulate retrieving arrangement ash storehouse are provided with heating and heat-insulating device.
Described fines segregation device and particulate retrieving arrangement be supporting explosion venting device.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1) energy-saving effect is more obvious;
Adopting coke oven flue gas is thermal source, fully recovering waste heat, and when carrying out the coal damping, the grade classification of realization coal, thereby the selectivity pulverizing of realization coal charge, treatment capacity and the power consumption of minimizing pulverizer prevent the pulverizing of crossing of fine particle coal charge, energy-saving effect is remarkable.
2) heat and mass efficient height, damping is effective;
Coal charge particle diameter difference, the specific surface area difference, its total moisture content also is inequality.The total water of coarse particles coal charge is lower, and the total water of fine particle coal charge is higher.In order to realize the even damping this purpose of coal charge, coal damping grading machine adopts once, the secondary blast mode is blown, and namely once the seethe with excitement full damping requirement of fluidisation and macrobead coal charge of coal charge is only satisfied in air-supply, and secondary blast replenishes the required heat of fine particle coal charge damping.The required exhaust gas volumn of coal charge fluidisation is well below the required exhaust gas volumn of coal charge damping, only satisfy the requirement of full boiling fluidisation with an air output, not only can obtain good full boiling fluid effect, reduce the sectional dimension of vibration distribution plate, guarantee that vibration distribution plate face rapping power is even, prevent dead bed, improve the stand-alone device processing power simultaneously, prevent the super-dry of coarse particles coal charge.Can regulate the residence time of large coal particles material in bed by the amplitude of regulating the vibration distribution plate.Be in the fluidised fine particle coal charge of full boiling heat exchange efficiency height, by equipment sectional dimension reasonable in design, can guarantee the required heat-exchange time of fine particle coal charge damping, carry by secondary air simultaneously, replenish the needed heat of high-moisture fine particle coal charge damping.The coal charge of different-grain diameter is in different kinestates in fluidized-bed, the coal charge residence time and heat exchange efficiency in fluidized-bed also have nothing in common with each other, and can realize the purpose of the even damping of coal charge.
3) fractional efficiency height;
Because this humidity control device adopts the principle of pneumatic separation, realize the even damping of different-grain diameter coal charge, so have very high fractional efficiency.Simultaneously, because coal damping grading machine is that airflow-distribution board is aided with vibrating motor, and leaves sufficient transport disengaging height, so no matter feed coal moisture is much, can not produce coal charge accumulation and dead bed phenomenon.
4) floor space is little, reduced investment;
Because coal damping grading machine sectional dimension depends on fluidizing velocity, so adopt once, the secondary blast mode can reduce coal damping grading machine sectional dimension, compact equipment.Damping station arrangement form and conventional dedusting terrestrial station arrangement form approach, and floor space is little, and facility investment is low.
5) working cost is low;
The pusher coal damping grading machine device structure form of full boiling vibration can satisfy the residence time and the heat exchange efficiency of different-grain diameter coal charge in coal damping grading machine, does not need bed height to remove to satisfy the needs of damping time, and equipment resistance is low, and equipment dynamic consumption is few.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing seethe with excitement full vibration pusher coal damping and classification integration apparatus of the present invention is described in further detail:
The present invention adopts coal damping grading machine as the fluidisation of coal charge, damping equipment, utilize the principle of work of vibrated fluidized bed to reach under the secondary wind action, make the coal charge of different-grain diameter be in different motions and damping state in coal damping grading machine: the macrobead coal charge is distributed in and forms fixed bed or the lower fluidized-bed of fluid height below the fluidized layer, under the effect of vibration distribution plate 22 rapping power, flow to coal damping grading machine damping coal export 29 directions in damping limit, limit, finally flowed out by damping coal export 29, the fine particle coal charge that is in full boiling fluidized state then flows out fluidized-bed with air-flow, is reclaimed by the next stage retrieving arrangement.The fluid-bed heat transfer mass-transfer efficiency that fixed bed or fluid height are lower is lower, and complete fluidizing fluid-bed heat and mass efficient is higher.Different-grain diameter coal charge total moisture content difference, kinestate also has nothing in common with each other in fluidized-bed.Coarse particles damping coal flows out from different outlets with fine particle damping coal, in the highly effective humidity conditioning of realizing coal, realizes the high-effective classifying of coal charge.
The present invention adopts coke oven flue waste gas as fluidizing medium and heating agent, and coke oven flue waste gas branch secondary air enters coal damping grading machine: a wind is used for initial fluidisation and the damping of feed coal, and secondary air is used for regulating the damping amount of coal charge, prevents the tail gas dewfall simultaneously.Because the total moisture content of macrobead coal charge is lower, the total moisture content of fine particle coal charge is higher, satisfy the seethe with excitement full damping demand of fluidisation and macrobead coal charge of coal charge with an air-flow exhaust gas volumn of minimum, can guarantee to obtain best fluidisation and grading effect with minimum fluidisation cross section, can avoid the super-dry of large granular materials simultaneously.
See Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, the full boiling pusher coal damping of vibration and classification integration apparatus are thermal source with coke oven flue gas, adopt coal damping grading machine 9 as fluidisation, the damping equipment of coal charge, according to the vibrated fluidized bed principle and under the secondary wind action, realize that coal damping and coal grading are integrated.
Described coal damping grading machine comprises wind inlet section 20, secondary air section 28, vibration distribution plate 22, feed coal entrance 24, damping coal export 29, air stream outlet 27, one time wind inlet section 20 is positioned at vibration distribution plate 22 bottoms, and vibration distribution plate 22 upper areas are settlement separate district; The vibratory liquefaction bed structure of described vibration distribution plate 22 for being obliquely installed, feed coal entrance 24 are positioned on the high-end grading machine sidewall of vibration distribution plate 22, and damping coal export 29 is positioned on the grading machine sidewall of vibration distribution plate 22 low sides; Secondary air section 28 is positioned at 22 ones of vibration distribution plates, and air stream outlet 27 is arranged at the grading machine top; Described settlement separate district comprises once settlement separate district 25 and secondary settlement disengaging zone 26, and secondary air section 28 is positioned at once 25 tops, settlement separate district, 26 bottoms, secondary settlement disengaging zone.
Grading machine 9 top stream outlets and fines segregation device 10 are connected by pipeline; 10 outlets of fines segregation device are connected with particulate retrieving arrangement 11 entrances; fines segregation device 10 adopts gravity separator or tornado dust collector; particulate retrieving arrangement 11 adopts sack cleaner, and fines segregation device and the outlet of particulate retrieving arrangement connect damping coal e Foerderanlage 13.
Particulate retrieving arrangement 11 tops are communicated with smoke exhaust fan 14 by connecting tube, and smoke exhaust fan 14 is connected with chimney 17; Chimney 17 also is connected by the secondary air entrance of connecting tube with grading machine secondary air section 28.
The full boiling pusher coal damping of vibration and grading technology step are as follows:
1) coke oven flue gas is pumped to the damping station under the effect of an induced draft fan 5, behind flow distributor 4 adjusting air-flows, is transported to coal damping grading machine 9 vibration distribution plates 22 bottoms, is used for the initial fluidisation of feed coal and the damping of coarse particles coal charge.Coal charge in the feed coal surge bunker 1 evenly is delivered to coal damping grading machine 9 feed coal entrances 24 by feed coal metering device 2 and airtight feeding device 3, under a wind effect, carries out damping and classification.Feed coal contacts with a wind stack gas in coal damping grading machine 9, finishes coal charge fluidisation, granule diffusing, the macrobead damping coal discharging of shaking; The full boiling fluidized material that is risen by a wind and smoke road air-blowing then enters the middle part of coal damping grading machine 9 with air-flow.
The coal charge of different-grain diameter is in different kinestates in coal damping grading machine 9: the especially big particle coal charge of small part is distributed in and forms fixed bed below the fluidized-bed, under the effect of vibration distribution plate 22 rapping power, flowing to damping coal export 29 in damping limit, coal charge limit, is finally flowed out by damping coal export 29.In this part especially big particle coal charge, some is the granule that is formed because water is bonding by a plurality of small-particle coal grains.These vibrate under the effect of rapping power in the process that advances, will be loose by shaking change into energy fluidizing than small-particle.Most of coal charges then are fluidized, full the fluidized material that seethes with excitement enters the once settlement separate district 25 at coal damping grading machine 9 middle parts with air-flow.
In the fluidisation section of coal damping grading machine 9 bottoms, the water capacity of macrobead coal charge is lower, utilizes the lower characteristics of fixed bed gas-particle heat transfer mass-transfer efficiency to carry out damping, the super-dry situation of macrobead coal charge can not occur, can realize the even damping of coal charge.
2) above-mentioned full boiling fluidization coal charge enters the once settlement separate district 25 at coal damping grading machine 9 middle parts.Owing to continuous in the air-flow uphill process and coal charge carry out heat and mass, so along with air-flow rises, flue-gas temperature reduces gradually, cross section operation fluidizing velocity also reduces gradually.Enter once the macrobead coal charge in settlement separate district 25 under inertia effect, return fluidized-bed and participate in the cycle heat exchange damping, and progressively flow to damping coal export 29, finally discharged by damping coal export 29; Middle fine particle coal charge then continues to rise with stack gas, enters the secondary settlement disengaging zone 26 on coal damping grading machine 9 tops; Secondary air is mended by secondary air section 28.
The required flue tolerance of coal charge fluidisation is well below the required flue tolerance of coal charge damping, and once coal charge fluidisation and the needed exhaust gas volumn of low moisture coal charge damping are only satisfied in air-supply, and secondary air is used for the further damping of fine particle coal charge, and prevents the tail flue gas dewfall; Stack gas branch secondary air is sent into coal damping grading machine, can reduce coal damping grading machine sectional dimension, and it is even to be conducive to cloth, is conducive to simultaneously regulate according to coming coal humidity to change;
3) enter the coal charge of secondary settlement disengaging zone, coal damping grading machine 9 top 26, under wind of stack gas and secondary wind action, even damping, conveying and the classification of fine particle coal charge in further realizing.Secondary settlement disengaging zone 26 is the hole enlargement structure, as shown in Figure 3.Reduce gradually under the effect of these two factors at enlargement in section and effluent gas temperature, coal damping grading machine operation fluidizing velocity progressively reduces, enter in the full boiling fluidization coal charge in this zone, particle diameter greater than the coal charge of 3mm during through secondary settlement disengaging zone 26 under inertia effect back-mixing participate in cycle heat exchange, finally under the wall effect effect, get back to coal damping grading machine damping coal export 29, and outlet is flowed out thus; Particle diameter less than the fine particle coal charge of 3mm then under the effect of smoke exhaust fan 14 with the air flow stream damping grading machine 9 that produces coal, enter follow-up particulate and reclaim the unit.
The total moisture content of fine particle coal charge is higher, utilize the high characteristics of complete fluidizing fluid-bed heat exchange efficiency, make the fine particle coal charge in fluidized-bed, be in full boiling fluidized state, setting by the secondary settlement disengaging zone, the adjustable heat-exchange time of material in fluidized-bed of economizing on coal, the homogeneity of assurance fine particle coal charge damping.
4) particulate recovery unit comprises fines segregation device 10 and particulate retrieving arrangement 11, and fines segregation device 10 adopts gravity separator or tornado dust collector, but collection cut size is greater than the fine particle coal charge of 0.3mm; Particulate retrieving arrangement 11 adopts sack cleaner, can further collect less than the fine particle coal charge of 0.3mm particle diameter; The coal dust that fines segregation device and particulate retrieving arrangement are collected is carried by airtight form ash-discharging device 12 and damping coal e Foerderanlage 13.
5) particulate retrieving arrangement 11 tops are communicated with smoke exhaust fan 14 by connecting tube, and smoke exhaust fan 14 is connected with chimney 17; Chimney 17 also is connected by the entrance that connecting tube and secondary induced draft fan 7 are blown into coal damping grading machine 9, and connecting tube is provided with recirculating air entrance automatic regulating valve door 31.
The coal charge that coal damping grading machine damping coal export 29 flows out drains into airtight endless belt conveyor 15 through airtight dumping device 16; and be delivered to damping and pulverize the station and pulverize; enter mixing machine with fines segregation device 10 and particulate retrieving arrangement 11 collected fine particle coal charges then and fully mix, make into stove coal ature of coal and epigranular, stable.Be delivered to the coal tower through the damping coal that mixes by the technology belt, be used for coking.
After the recovery of particulate retrieving arrangement, dust content is lower than 20mg/m
3Flue tail gas under the effect of smoke exhaust fan 14, drain into outdoor.
No. one time induced draft fan 5, secondary induced draft fan 7 and smoke exhaust fan 14 all have the speed control by frequency variation function, enter atmosphere through the flue tail gas after the damping heat exchange by chimney 17.By blower fan is carried out speed governing, and regulate first and second induced draft fan entrance automatic regulating valve door 6, secondary air entrance automatic regulating valve door 8, both can guarantee the needed negative pressure value of coke oven ordinary production, also can guarantee the needed exhaust gas volumn of coal damping grading machine 9 works better and force value.
When feed coal humidity is lower than set(ting)value, by regulating recirculating air entrance automatic regulating valve door 31, secondary air entrance automatic regulating valve door 8, and secondary induced draft fan 7 carried out speed governing, can guarantee that coal damping grading machine 9 operating mode flows and cross section flow velocity remain unchanged, and by regulating the secondary air entrance flue gas temperature, adapt to the feed coal of different in moisture to the different demands of calorific value.
Coal charge supply unit of the present invention is closed structure, is used for the conveying of the damping coal of feed coal and size fractionated, prevents that outside air from infiltrating the coal humidifying technology by passing in and out the coal charge mouth, causes the potential safety hazard of system.
The present invention has security protection unit, is made up of safety detection protection facility 18, accidental state nitrogen charging device 19.Safety detection protection facility 18 comprises: fines segregation device 10 and particulate retrieving arrangement 11 grey storehouse coal charge temperature comparison and detection facilities; Fines segregation device 10 and particulate retrieving arrangement 11 supporting explosion venting devices; Particulate retrieving arrangement 11 grey storehouses are provided with anti-swollen materials device; The pusher coal damping grading machine 9 of full boiling vibration, fines segregation device 10, particulate retrieving arrangement 11 and connecting tube have the heat tracing measure; Fines segregation device 10 and particulate retrieving arrangement 11 grey storehouses are provided with the insulation heating system.Security protection unit is provided with the insulation heating facility can prevent smoke condensation, thereby prevents owing to coal charge is discharged the not smooth oxidizing reaction that occurs.When automatic checkout facility records grey storehouse coal charge temperature and is higher than flue-gas temperature; system can start accidental state nitrogen charging device 18 automatically; system carries out nitrogen filled protection to the coal damping; start the anti-swollen materials device in particulate retrieving arrangement 11 grey storehouses simultaneously; continuous operation by airtight form ash-discharging device 12 and damping coal e Foerderanlage 13; the coal charge that oxidizing reaction occurs is in time discharged the damping system, guarantee the safe operation of coal humidifying technology.