CN102019275B - Airflow classifying and airflow drying process for coking coal - Google Patents
Airflow classifying and airflow drying process for coking coal Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to an airflow classifying and airflow drying process for coking coal. In the process, coke oven flue waste gas is taken as a drying medium, the fluidization technology is adopted for drying the coal, and simultaneously the coal is classified into several classes according to particle sizes by an airflow separation principle. A device consists of a vibrating fluidized bed main body and a classifying collection device, wherein the vibrating fluidized bed main body comprises a primary air supply device, a vibrating main box body with an air distributing plate, a sedimentation classifying section and a drying section with a secondary air inlet; and the classifying collection device completes the final collection of small-particle materials through a group of dust collection devices or several groups of duct collection devices with different structures according to different requirements of the process on the classification of the particle sizes. The airflow classifying and airflow drying process has the advantages that: energy is saved, the wastewater generated in the coking process is reduced, the environmental pollution is lightened and the production capacity of the coke oven can be improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of classification and dry technique of carrying out simultaneously of coal charge, particularly a kind of employing fluidization principle, combine pneumatic separation and pneumatic conveying drying coking coal materials is carried out to same time stage and dry technique.
Background technology
The general water content of coking coal is in 8～10% left and right.When maximum more than 14%.When in process of coking, the fluctuation of coal charge moisture is large, will affects normal production operation and reduce the coke oven life-span.Enter moisture in the coal charge of coke oven and, in process of coking, be condensed into phenol wastewater after with the form of water vapour, discharging with coal gas.If enter again coke oven after the first drying dehydration of coal charge, not only can save the coke oven heating gas, shorten coking time, reduce the efflux wastewater amount, also because can making bulk density, the coal charge drying increases, increase the coke oven coaling amount.According to the data introduction, during coal charge moisture drying to 6～7%, can increase production coke approximately 10%, and can enter weak cementability coal 10～15% by polygamy.
At present, existing coal dry technology has a variety of, mainly contains the fluidized bed dryer, multiple with fluidized bed dryer, shake (shaking) movable bed drier, vertical axis drier, the moving bed dryer etc. of spouted bed of the whizzer that coal charge and drying medium directly contact, the rotary pipe type drier of indirect, the room dryer of belt stirrer, upright tubular type pneumatic conveyer dryer, stationary cloth aerofoil.Above-listed the whole bag of tricks, all because of its Shortcomings in one aspect, all fail to monopolize the dry field of coal.Drying medium used has special-purpose burnt gas, flue gas and water vapour etc.
Summary of the invention
The air current classifying and the dry air-flow process that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of coking coal materials, this process using coke oven flue waste gas is as drying medium, accomplish that the used heat utilization saved the energy, adopt fluidization technology to realize the coal charge drying, and in dry, utilize the pneumatic separation principle to make coal charge what be divided into by granular size.This device can be processed without the coal charge of pulverizing, and when making the coal charge drying, by not needing the granule of pulverizing coal charge to separate with the bulky grain coal charge that needs to pulverize, can alleviate the load of pulverizer, and avoid coal charge to cross pulverizing.This device can also be processed the coal charge of having pulverized, and when making the coal charge drying, the coal dust of fines in coal charge is separated in addition and processes, and can improve the coking technique environment, reduces coal dust harm.
For achieving the above object, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
The air current classifying of coking coal materials and dry air-flow process, is characterized in that, this technique comprises the steps:
1) device that adopts of this technique, fluidized vibrating bed main body and graded collecting device, consist of, fluidized vibrating bed main body comprises from bottom to top an air-supply arrangement being connected, the vibration main box with air distribution plate, classification of sedimentation section and forms with the dryer section of secondary air;
2) coal charge is entered by the front end coal charge import of vibration main box, and except the extremely oarse-grained coal charge of small part, the coal charge of the overwhelming majority becomes the fluidisation state under the wind-force effect that vibration is sent into by air-supply arrangement in main box; Fluidisation state coal charge is pressed grain size grading in the classification of sedimentation section, the bulky grain coal charge descends and is discharged by the bulky grain coal charge outlet of vibration main box rear end, the granule coal charge rises and enters dryer section with a wind, after Secondary Air that dryer section enters mixes, finally by dryer section top outlet, discharged with dry gas, enter graded collecting device;
3) graded collecting device is according to the different requirements of technique to grain size grading, selects one group or several groups of different dust arresters of structure to complete the final collection of small particles material.
Air distribution plate in described vibration main box vibrates with main box; The decapacitation of vibration air distribution plate is played outside the effect of fixed air distribution plate fluidisation material, also has the double action of carrying very big granule materials and shaking loose; Under the vibration force effect, make can not be under the wind-force effect fluidisation form as the very big particle of fixed bed and discharge to the coal charge outlet motion of main box rear end, vibrated power transport portion forms moving bed, does not participate in fluidisation, can reduce fluidisation with air quantity and blast; With the wind-force acting in conjunction under, also can make by water bonding, to be formed the major diameter granule by a plurality of granules, but be dispersed into the granule of fluidisation.
Described vibration main box air distribution plate top is divided into two groups of zones that function is different along the material direction of advance with downflow weir and subregion dividing plate, air distribution plate top zone line is the mainstreaming district, two side areas is classification dry materials district, two cross section, district gas speed are different, the high cycle speed in mainstreaming district, the voidage of fluidisation material is large; Classification dry materials district utilizes wall effect to collect to have divided stage material and made it dry, and the gas speed in classification dry materials district is low, its objective is that Bu Shigai district material excessively flies upward.
For preventing that small particles material from discharging from the air distribution plate back outlet with the fluidisation material, at the zone of silence that classification dry materials district arranges not open air vent, on it, establish the discharging opening skimming baffle.
Described main box air distribution plate percent opening is adjustable structure, adopts detachable plug-hole parts, according to different requirements, changes arbitrarily quantity and the distributing position of air vent.
Described classification of sedimentation section cross section adopts the flaring structure, and fluidizing velocity is reduced gradually.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1) save the energy.Drying device adopts coke oven flue waste gas, belongs to the used heat utilization;
2) reduce the wastewater flow rate that process of coking produces.Environmental contamination reduction;
3) production capacity of coke oven can be improved, the investment of founding the factory can be saved;
4) the atomic thin coal dust of energy selective recovery, in the time of can avoiding coke oven coal-charging, a large amount of flying dust also can improve the operation of coal gas refining system, reduce tar slag.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is basic block diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is fluidized vibrating bed structure front view;
Fig. 3 is sulfuration vibrated bed structure side view;
Fig. 4 is fluidized vibrating bed main box structure chart.
In figure: 1-vibration main box 2-is flexible coupling and encloses air-supply arrangement 5-bulky grain outlet 6-classification of sedimentation section 7-middle part downflow weir 8-discharging opening skimming baffle 9-fine grained dryer section 10-granule outlet 11-dry materials district 12-mainstreaming district 13-backward channel 14-perforated distributor 15-secondary air inlet 16-subregion dividing plate 17-surge bunker 18-metering device 19-raw material material-throwing device 20-fluidized vibrating bed main body 21-graded collecting device 22-allocation of the amount of air device 23-fluidized air blower 24-dedusting air-introduced machine of 3-intermediate connector 4-
The specific embodiment
The air current classifying of coking coal materials and dry air-flow process, utilize the characteristic of bulk material in fluidized state, and this technique has coking coal materials classification and dry dual-use function.Can, by adjusting physical dimension and fluidizing velocity, adapt to various requirement.
Seeing Fig. 1, is that apparatus of the present invention are comprised of fluidized vibrating bed main body and graded collecting device two parts.The drying of coal charge and preliminary classification complete in the fluidized vibrating bed; Short grained classification is again completed by graded collecting device.Its classification and dry run are described below:
Coal charge enters fluidized vibrating bed main body 20 by surge bunker 17 through metering device 18 and raw material material-throwing device 19, and coal charge is under the fluidizing gas effect, and drying also is divided into two parts by particle size.The bulky grain coal charge is discharged by bottom coal charge outlet 5, and the granule coal charge is discharged with dry gas by top outlet 10 (seeing Fig. 2), enters graded collecting device 21.Graded collecting device can be according to the different requirements of technique to grain size grading, select one group or several groups of different dust arresters of structure to complete final collection and the classification again of small particles material.A wind (flue gas) is fed by fluidized air blower 23, enters fluidized vibrating bed main body 20 through allocation of the amount of air device 22.Flue gas after classified gathering-device 21 is processed enters atmosphere or sends chimney back to through the dedusting air-introduced machine.
See Fig. 2, Fig. 3, fluidized vibrating bed main body by air-supply arrangement 4, with perforated distributor 14 vibration main box 1, classification of sedimentation section 6 and with the fine grained dryer section 9 of secondary air, form.
Main box adopts vibrational structure, can process the large granule of the not energy fluidizing of sneaking in coal charge, avoids large granule material accumulation in fixed air distribution plate fluid bed; Can also shake falls apart is formed the major diameter granule by a plurality of granules by the water bonding.
Main box air distribution plate top is divided into two groups of zones that function is different along the material direction of advance with downflow weir 7 and subregion dividing plate 16.Air distribution plate top zone line is mainstreaming district 12, and two side areas is classification dry materials district 11.Two cross section, district gas speed are different.The high cycle speed in mainstreaming district 12, the voidage of fluidisation material is large; Classification dry materials district 11 utilizes wall effect to collect to have divided stage material and made it dry, and the gas speed of local area is low, its objective is the local area material is excessively flown upward.
Classification of sedimentation section 6 cross sections adopt the flaring structure, and fluidizing velocity is reduced gradually, are convenient to separate.
With the dryer section 9 of secondary air, establish the one group secondary wind inleting tube 15 identical with prevailing wind direction, fill into remaining dry air quantity.Can reduce the air quantity of vibration main box 1, can reduce equipment size, save installation cost and operating cost.
Fig. 4 is fluidized vibrating bed main box structure chart.After for the coal charge of first crushed after being dried, feeding fluidized vibrating bed main body by conveying worm, in motion forward in mainstreaming district 12 under the constraint of subregion dividing plate 16.Control the cross section wind speed that air distribution plate is blown next time, make it to be greater than the critical fludization velocity 1.5m/s of particle diameter 10mm, and be less than the terminal fluidizing velocity 7.5m/s of particle diameter 3mm.But coal charge is divided into to fluidized material and can not fluidized material two parts.Can not fluidized material being>very big particle in 10mm, forming fixed bed, advances in dry limit, vibrated powered limit.But the material of<10mm is fluidized material, under the wind-force effect, become voidage and be 0.7～0.9 fast fluidization state.There is typical annular flow in fast fluidized bed.(being mainstreaming district 12) take ascending motion as main in center, take sinking as main at the nearside (being dry materials district 11) of wall.Due to the wall effect of above-mentioned fluidisation state, by downflow weir 7, the sinking material is divided into to two groups again.Centre is larger particles, and both sides are than granule.Air distribution plate mainstreaming district 12 percent openings are large, and dry materials district, both sides 11 percent openings are little.The cross section wind speed of both sides is little, and material is fallen into two rear flank, through backward channel 13 recirculation, gets back to mainstreaming district 12 except sub-fraction, completes dry run in most of dry materials district 11.This kind partition method, can alleviate fluidisation with air quantity and reduce blast, saves the blower fan power consumption.Above the bulky grain outlet 5 of vibration main box 1, also establish discharging opening and separate plate washer 8, can stop<material of 3mm discharges.<3mm, under the wind-force effect, rises to the sedimentation separation section and separates with>3mm material.
After pulverizing, the processing mechanism of dry coal charge is same as described above, as usings 0.3mm as grade scale, and fluidized vibrating bed main box cross section wind speed should not be greater than 1.5m/s.
The device of this process using increases the vibrating transportation function, and forming lower floor is that vibration movement bed, upper strata are the joint institution of fluid bed.Available selective fluidizing velocity makes only part fluidisation of material, to save the consumption of fluidisation energy.And different with dry Air Quantity Required according to classification, adopt twice air intake, further save the consumption of fluidisation energy.A kind ofly novel pneumatic separation and pneumatic conveying drying are combined coking coal materials is carried out to same time stage and dry device.
Claims (4)
1. the air current classifying of coking coal materials and dry air-flow process, is characterized in that, this technique comprises the steps:
1) device that adopts of this technique, fluidized vibrating bed main body and graded collecting device, consist of, fluidized vibrating bed main body comprises from bottom to top an air-supply arrangement being connected, the vibration main box with air distribution plate, classification of sedimentation section and forms with the dryer section of secondary air;
2) coal charge is entered by the front end coal charge import of vibration main box, and except the extremely oarse-grained coal charge of small part, the coal charge of the overwhelming majority becomes the fluidisation state under the wind-force effect that once air-supply arrangement is sent in the vibration main box; Fluidisation state coal charge is pressed grain size grading in the classification of sedimentation section, the bulky grain coal charge descends and is discharged by the bulky grain coal charge outlet of vibration main box rear end, the granule coal charge rises and enters dryer section with a wind, after Secondary Air that dryer section enters mixes, finally by dryer section top outlet, discharged with dry gas, enter graded collecting device;
3) graded collecting device is according to the different requirements of technique to grain size grading, selects one group or several groups of different dust arresters of structure to complete the final collection of small particles material;
Air distribution plate in described vibration main box vibrates with main box; The decapacitation of vibration air distribution plate is played outside the effect of fixed air distribution plate fluidisation material, also has the double action of carrying very big granule materials and shaking loose; Under the vibration force effect, make can not be under the wind-force effect fluidisation form as the very big particle of fixed bed and discharge to the coal charge outlet motion of main box rear end, vibrated power transport portion forms moving bed, does not participate in fluidisation; With the wind-force acting in conjunction under, also can make the major diameter granule formed by water bonding by a plurality of granules, but be dispersed into the granule of fluidisation;
Described vibration main box air distribution plate top is divided into two groups of zones that function is different along the material direction of advance with downflow weir and subregion dividing plate, air distribution plate top zone line is the mainstreaming district, two side areas is classification dry materials district, two cross section, district gas speed are different, the high cycle speed in mainstreaming district, the voidage of fluidisation material is large; Classification dry materials district utilizes wall effect to collect to have divided stage material and made it dry, and the gas speed in classification dry materials district is low.
2. the air current classifying of coking coal materials according to claim 1 and dry air-flow process, it is characterized in that, for preventing that small particles material from discharging from the air distribution plate back outlet with the fluidisation material, at the zone of silence that classification dry materials district arranges not open air vent, on it, establish the discharging opening skimming baffle.
3. the air current classifying of coking coal materials according to claim 1 and dry air-flow process, it is characterized in that, the perforate of described main box air distribution plate is adjustable structure, adopts detachable plug-hole parts, according to different requirements, change arbitrarily quantity and the distributing position of air vent.
4. the air current classifying of coking coal materials according to claim 1 and dry air-flow process, is characterized in that, described classification of sedimentation section cross section adopts the flaring structure, and fluidizing velocity is reduced gradually.
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| CN102441543A (en) * | 2011-08-30 | 2012-05-09 | 湘潭大学 | Method and device for fluidized washing of superfine particles |
| CN103952167B (en) * | 2014-05-14 | 2015-12-02 | 中国科学院城市环境研究所 | A kind of energy saving and environment friendly low moisture coke making process and system |
| CN104815737B (en) * | 2015-04-15 | 2017-03-29 | 江苏苏亚迪炭材有限公司 | Calcined coke depositing dust system of processing |
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| CN107971232B (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2023-09-01 | 乐山新天源太阳能科技有限公司 | Classifying device for powdery materials |
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