CN102302023B - 一种悬浮种衣剂 - Google Patents
一种悬浮种衣剂 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN102302023B CN102302023B CN201110302328.5A CN201110302328A CN102302023B CN 102302023 B CN102302023 B CN 102302023B CN 201110302328 A CN201110302328 A CN 201110302328A CN 102302023 B CN102302023 B CN 102302023B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- agent
- coating agent
- fludioxonil
- polyoxyethylene
- suspension seed
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
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- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
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- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
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- -1 polyoxyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 24
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Landscapes
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及农药制剂领域,公开了一种悬浮种衣剂。本发明所述悬浮种衣剂包括2-20%氟虫腈、2-20%咯菌腈、1-8%润湿分散剂、0.5-10%成膜剂、1-10%着色剂、0.1-2%增稠剂、1-5%防冻剂、0.1-1%防腐剂、0.1-1%消泡剂,余量为蒸馏水。本发明所述悬浮种衣剂以氟虫腈与咯菌腈复配作为有效成分,二者优势互补,一次用药不仅能够防治虫害还能够防治病害,同时提高药效,降低了农药的使用量和使用种类、次数,能够广泛应用于农业领域。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及农药制剂领域,具体的说是涉及一种悬浮种衣剂。
背景技术
在现代农业生产中,利用种衣剂对种子进行药剂处理是防治地下害虫及农作物土传、种传病害的经济简便的方法之一。种衣剂是一种用于作物或其他植物种子处理的、具有成膜特性的农药制剂,它能够在种子表面固化形成称为种衣的膜。种衣剂在土壤中吸水膨胀而不被溶解,允许种子正常发芽所需的水分和空气通过,所含的农药和种肥等物质缓慢释放,能够杀灭地下害虫、苗期害虫,具有防治苗期病害和系统性病害、提高种子发芽率、促进种苗健康生长等功效。
悬浮种衣剂是种衣剂的一种,是由农药原药、成膜剂、湿润剂、分散剂、增稠剂、着色剂、填料和水经湿法粉碎而制成的一种可流动的稳定的均匀悬浮液。由于其使用方便、安全,在众多种类的种衣剂中倍受青睐。
氟虫腈属于苯基吡唑类杀虫剂,具有触杀、胃毒和中度内吸作用,杀虫谱广,主要是阻碍昆虫γ-氨基丁酸控制的氟化物代谢,用于种子处理能够有效防治蝼蛄、蓟马等农田常见的重要害虫。但是,农作物在整个生长过程中不仅面临虫害,一些病菌的侵染也会对作物的生长造成影响,尤其是种子萌发阶段,而氟虫腈只是一种杀虫剂,并不能防治有害病菌,无法做到全面保护作物不受侵染。因此,提供一种既能防虫又能防菌的悬浮种衣剂具有重要意义。
发明内容
有鉴于此,本发明目的是提供一种悬浮种衣剂,使得该悬浮种衣剂能够同时防治虫害和病害,并具有增效作用。
为实现本发明的目的,本发明采用如下技术方案:
一种悬浮种衣剂,以质量百分数计,包括2-20%氟虫腈、2-20%咯菌腈、1-8%润湿分散剂、0.5-10%成膜剂、1-10%着色剂、0.1-2%增稠剂、1-5%防冻剂、0.1-1%防腐剂、0.1-1%消泡剂,余量为蒸馏水。
其中,所述氟虫腈质量百分数优选为5-15%,所述咯菌腈质量百分数优选为5-15%。
氟虫腈,化学名称为(RS)-5-氨基-1-(2,6-二氯-a,a,a-三氟-对-甲苯基)-4-三氟甲基亚磺酰基吡唑-3-腈,是一种苯基吡唑类杀虫剂、杀虫谱广,对害虫以胃毒作用为主,兼有触杀和一定的内吸作用,其作用机制在于阻碍昆虫γ-氨基丁酸控制的氯化物代谢,因此对蝼蛄、蓟马、鳞翅目幼虫、蝇类和鞘翅目等重要害虫有很高的杀虫活性,对作物无药害,其可施于土壤,也可叶面喷雾。
咯菌腈,化学名称为4-(2,2-二氟-1,3-苯并二氧-4-基)吡咯-3-腈,新型吡咯类触杀性杀菌剂,用于种子处理,高效广谱,可防治大部分种子带菌及土壤传染的真菌病害,如链格孢属、壳二孢属、曲霉属、镰孢菌属、长蠕孢属、丝核菌属及青霉属菌等引起的病害。它通过抑制葡萄糖磷酰化有关的转运来抑制菌丝生长,最终导致病菌死亡,其独特的作用机制,与其它已知的杀菌剂没有交互抗性。在种子萌芽时,咯菌腈可被少量吸收,从而可以控制种子和颖果内部的病菌,同时咯菌腈在土壤中几乎不移动,因此能够一直保留在种子周围的区域,对作物根部提供长期的保护。
为了促进活性组分粒子间润湿分散防止其相互凝聚,本发明所述悬浮种衣剂还包括润湿分散剂,所述润湿分散剂优选为脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚、聚氧乙烯脂肪酸、烷基芳基聚乙二醇醚、烷基磺酸盐、芳基磺酸盐、脂肪酸聚乙二醇、十二烷基苯磺酸盐、聚氧乙烯基酚甲醛缩合物、聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯醚嵌段共聚物、萘或烷基萘甲醛缩合物磺酸盐、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚磺酸盐、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚磺酸盐、木质素及其衍生物磺酸盐,脂肪酸乙烷加成物磷酸盐、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚磷酸盐、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚甲醛缩合物硫酸盐中的一种或两种以上。
为了保证有限的农药成分集中作用于种子和根部,不易脱落和飞散,减少了农药在环境中的扩散以及对非靶标的接触,所述悬浮种衣剂还需要包括成膜剂。所述成膜剂既要保证所成衣膜透气、透水性好,种子正常萌发生长,又要保证所成衣膜难溶于水,衣膜内活性成分能缓慢释放,持效时间长。按照本发明所述成膜剂优选为阿拉伯胶、动物胶、果胶、黄原胶、甲基纤维素、乙基纤维素、羧甲基纤维素钠、羟丙基纤维素、海藻酸钠、聚乙烯醇、聚乙二醇、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、聚丙烯酰胺、聚丙烯酸钠中的一种或两种以上。
着色剂又称警色剂,可以提高悬浮种衣剂的使用安全,其中,所述着色剂优选为碱性玫瑰精、水性玫红、酸性大红、Fluorescein red 5B、Red-8110、Red-131、FGR-131中的一种或两种以上。
本发明所述悬浮种衣剂还包括增稠剂,以提高分散介质的粘度,降低粒子的沉降速度,从而提高制剂的稳定性。优选的,所述增黏剂为黄原胶、阿拉伯胶、甲基纤维素、羧甲基纤维素、羟乙基纤维素、羟丙基纤维素、丙烯酸钠、海藻酸钠、聚乙烯醇、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、聚丙烯酰胺、聚丙烯酸钠、硅酸镁铝、膨润土中的一种或两种以上。
为了提高种衣剂的低温储存的稳定性,本发明所述悬浮种衣剂还添加了防冻剂。优选的,所述防冻剂为乙二醇、丙二醇、丙三醇、己二醇、尿素、硫酸铵、氯化钠、氯化钙中的一种或两种以上。
作为优选,本发明所述消泡剂为机硅酮类、C8-10的脂肪醇、C10-20的饱和脂肪酸及其酯类中的一种或两种以上;所述防腐剂为苯甲酸、苯甲醛、苯甲酸钠、苯甲酸钾、山梨酸、水杨酸钠、2-羟基联苯、对羟基苯甲醛、1,2-苯并噻唑啉-3-酮中的一种或两种以上。
本发明所述悬浮种衣剂的制备方法为:将咯菌腈和氟虫腈经过气流粉碎,润湿分散剂、成膜剂、着色剂、增稠剂、防冻剂、防腐剂、消泡剂与蒸馏水完全溶解后,按比例投入砂磨机研磨2次,直至悬浮液的颗粒细度达到D50为2-3μm,D90<8μm,即得产品。在实际用药过程中,本发明可根据当地防治对象发生情况确定所述悬浮种衣剂适宜的用量,通常施药量是种衣剂与种子的质量比为1∶50-100。
本发明所制备的悬浮种衣剂为乳白色、可流动的悬浮液,低温、热贮稳定性合格,热贮分解率小于5%,悬浮率大于90%,湿筛试验98%通过45μm标准筛,颗粒细度D50为2-3μm。
不同的种衣剂活性组分混合后各活性成分由于组成、结构、理化性质的差异,使得各活性成分之间的联合作用通常表示为增效作用、相加作用或拮抗作用。所谓增效作用就是不同物质间的相互协作作用,其产生的效果大于各个成分效果的总合;而相加作用就是其产生的效果等于各个成分效果的总合;拮抗作用是指两种物质作用于生物机体时,一种物质干扰另一种物质的效果,或彼此互相干扰对方的效果,使总体效果下降的现象。
本发明按照孙云沛(Sun Y-P)法,计算共毒系数评价氟虫腈与咯菌腈混用效果,结果显示共毒系数均大于100,表明二者的混合使用具有明显增效作用。
此外,本发明分别对所述悬浮种衣剂以及悬浮种衣剂中各活性成分单剂进行了病害防治试验,并且悬浮种衣剂中各活性成分用量小于或等于单剂用量,结果显示,本发明所述悬浮种衣剂的防效比单剂的防效高,表明本发明所述悬浮种衣剂中各活性成分无交叉抗性,防治效果具有增效作用。
由以上技术方案可知,本发明所述悬浮种衣剂以氟虫腈与咯菌腈复配作为有效成分,二者优势互补,一次用药不仅能够防治虫害还能够防治病害,同时提高药效,降低了农药的使用量和使用种类、次数,能够广泛应用于农业领域。
具体实施方式
本发明实施例公开了一种悬浮种衣剂。本领域技术人员可以借鉴本文内容,适当改进工艺参数实现。特别需要指出的是,所有类似的替换和改动对本领域技术人员来说是显而易见的,它们都被视为包括在本发明。本发明的产品已经通过较佳实施例进行了描述,相关人员明显能在不脱离本发明内容、精神和范围内对本文所述的产品进行改动或适当变更与组合,来实现和应用本发明技术。
为了进一步理解本发明,下面结合实施例对本发明提供的一种悬浮种衣剂进行详细说明。
实施例1:病害防效试验
试验于河南郑州一农户棉花田和花生田内进行,悬浮种衣剂以氟虫腈和咯菌腈为活性成分复配的种衣剂,单剂分别为氟虫腈悬浮种衣剂和咯菌腈悬浮种衣剂,各悬浮种衣剂试验种子以及试验环境均相同,试验处理及施药量见表1,防治效果见表2。
其中,防效计算公式如下:
病情指数、防效计算公式如下:
叶片病情指数=∑(各级病害叶数×相对级数值)/(调查总叶数×9)×100;
防治效果(%)=(空白对照组病情指数-试验组病情指数)/空白对照区病情指数×100;
病情分级标准为本领域公知,在此不再列举。
表1试验处理及施药量
处理 | 供试药剂 | 施用量(活性成分/100kg种子) |
1 | 氟虫腈 | 32g |
2 | 咯菌腈 | 20g |
3 | 氟虫腈+咯菌腈 | 25g+15g |
4 | 氟虫腈+咯菌腈 | 25g+17g |
5 | 氟虫腈+咯菌腈 | 25g+20g |
6 | 氟虫腈+咯菌腈 | 28g+15g |
7 | 氟虫腈+咯菌腈 | 28g+17g |
8 | 氟虫腈+咯菌腈 | 30g+15g |
9 | 氟虫腈+咯菌腈 | 32g+15g |
10 | 清水 |
表2病害防治效果
处理 | 蝼蛄 | 蓟马 | 棉花立枯病 | 花生根腐病 |
1 | 80.6 | 82.3 | 0 | 0 |
2 | 0 | 0 | 84.7 | 83.6 |
3 | 82.8 | 83.2 | 85.7 | 85.4 |
4 | 82.6 | 84.1 | 86.5 | 86 |
5 | 83.6 | 83.4 | 90 | 93.5 |
6 | 84 | 87.6 | 86 | 87.2 |
7 | 95.6 | 92.4 | 93.8 | 95.4 |
8 | 95 | 93 | 92.9 | 95.2 |
9 | 95.4 | 92.8 | 86.3 | 87.1 |
10 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
由表2结果可知,本发明所述悬浮种衣剂中各有效成分在小于或等于各单剂用量的前提下,药效高于各单剂药效。同时,从处理1和2的试验结果可知,这种增效结果不是由于所加入的另一活性成分直接作用于病害或虫害得到的,而是由于两种活性成分复配后互相作用,增强了彼此防治病害或虫害的效果。试验结果表明本发明所述悬浮种衣剂中两种活性成分无拮抗作用,且提高了防效,能够减少用药量和用药种类、次数。
实施例2:4%氟虫腈·咯菌腈悬浮种衣剂(均为质量分数)
咯菌腈3.0%、氟虫腈1.0%、YUS-FS30003.0%、YUS-TXC 1.0%、PICO-NW11.0%、乙二醇5.0%、PVA 17-884.0%、黄原胶0.2%、消泡剂0.3%、苯甲酸钠0.3%、碱性玫瑰精1.0%,蒸馏水加至100%。
YUS-FS3000、YUS-TXC、PICO-NW1用蒸馏水完全溶解,然后依次加入经气流粉碎的氟虫腈、咯菌腈有效成分,以及其他的助剂,进入砂磨机研磨2次,直至悬浮液的颗粒细度达到D50为2-3μm,D90<8μm即得到产品。
实施例3:10%氟虫腈·咯菌腈悬浮种衣剂(均为质量分数)
咯菌腈6.0%、氟虫腈4.0%、DA-6752.5%、DA-6462.5%、消泡剂0.3%、黄原胶0.2%、苯甲酸钠0.1%、PVP-K303%、FGR-1312%,蒸馏水加至100%。
将氟虫腈、咯菌腈经过气流粉碎,润湿分散剂、成膜剂、着色剂、增稠剂、防冻剂、防腐剂、消泡剂与水完全溶解后,按比例投入砂磨机研磨2次,直至悬浮液的颗粒细度达到D50为2-3μm,D90<8μm,即得产品。
实施例4:20%氟虫腈·咯菌腈悬浮种衣剂(均为质量分数)
咯菌腈12.0%、氟虫腈8.0%、YUS-FS30005.0%、YUS-TXC 2.0%、PICO-NW11.0%、乙二醇5.0%、PVA17-887.0%、黄原胶0.2%、消泡剂0.3%、苯甲酸钠0.3%、碱性玫瑰精4.0%,蒸馏水加至100%。
YUS-FS3000、YUS-TXC、PICO-NW1用蒸馏水完全溶解,然后依次加入经气流粉碎的氟虫腈、咯菌腈有效成分,以及其他的助剂,进入砂磨机研磨2次,直至悬浮液的颗粒细度达到D50为2-3μm,D90<8μm即得到产品。
实施例5:20%氟虫腈·咯菌腈悬浮种衣剂(均为质量分数)
咯菌腈8.0%、氟虫腈12.0%、YUS-FS3000 4.0%、YUS-TXC 1.0%、PICO-NW1 1.0%、PVA17-88 7.0%、黄原胶0.2%、消泡剂0.3%、苯甲酸钠0.3%、碱性玫瑰精1.5%,蒸馏水加至100%。
YUS-FS3000、YUS-TXC、PICO-NW1用蒸馏水完全溶解,然后依次加入经气流粉碎的氟虫腈、咯菌腈有效成分,以及其他的助剂,进入砂磨机研磨2次,直至悬浮液的颗粒细度达到D50为2-3μm,D90<8μm即得到产品。
实施例6:30%氟虫腈·咯菌腈悬浮种衣剂(均为质量分数)
咯菌腈20.0%、氟虫腈10.0%、木质素磺酸钠2.0%、聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯醚嵌段共聚物4.0%、PVA17-88 7.0%、黄原胶0.2%、消泡剂0.3%、苯甲酸钠0.3%、碱性玫瑰精6.0%,蒸馏水加至100%。
将氟虫腈、咯菌腈经过气流粉碎,润湿分散剂、成膜剂、着色剂、增稠剂、防冻剂、防腐剂、消泡剂与水完全溶解后,按比例投入砂磨机研磨2次,直至悬浮液的颗粒细度达到D50为2-3μm,D90<8μm,即得产品。
以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想。应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以对本发明进行若干改进和修饰,这些改进和修饰也落入本发明权利要求的保护范围内。
Claims (6)
1.一种悬浮种衣剂,其特征在于,以质量百分数计,包括5-15%氟虫腈、5-15%咯菌腈、1-8%润湿分散剂、0.5-10%成膜剂、1-10%着色剂、0.1-2%增稠剂、1-5%防冻剂、0.1-1%防腐剂、0.1-1%消泡剂,余量为蒸馏水;
所述润湿分散剂为脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚、聚氧乙烯脂肪酸、烷基芳基聚乙二醇醚、烷基磺酸盐、芳基磺酸盐、脂肪酸聚乙二醇、十二烷基苯磺酸盐、聚氧乙烯基酚甲醛缩合物、聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯醚嵌段共聚物、萘或烷基萘甲醛缩合物磺酸盐、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚磺酸盐、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚磺酸盐、木质素及其衍生物磺酸盐、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚磷酸盐、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚甲醛缩合物硫酸盐中的一种或两种以上;
所述增稠剂为黄原胶、阿拉伯胶、甲基纤维素、羧甲基纤维素、羟乙基纤维素、羟丙基纤维素、丙烯酸钠、海藻酸钠、聚乙烯醇、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、聚丙烯酰胺、聚丙烯酸钠、硅酸镁铝、膨润土中的一种或两种以上。
2.根据权利要求1所述悬浮种衣剂,其特征在于,所述成膜剂为阿拉伯胶、动物胶、果胶、黄原胶、甲基纤维素、乙基纤维素、羧甲基纤维素钠、羟丙基纤维素、海藻酸钠、聚乙烯醇、聚乙二醇、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、聚丙烯酰胺、聚丙烯酸钠中的一种或两种以上。
3.根据权利要求1所述悬浮种衣剂,其特征在于,所述着色剂为碱性玫瑰精、水性玫红、酸性大红、Fluorescein red 5B、Red-8110、Red-131、FGR-131中的一种或两种以上。
4.根据权利要求1所述悬浮种衣剂,其特征在于,所述防冻剂为乙二醇、丙二醇、丙三醇、己二醇、尿素、硫酸铵、氯化钠、氯化钙中的一种或两种以上。
5.根据权利要求1所述悬浮种衣剂,其特征在于,所述消泡剂为有机硅酮类、C8-10的脂肪醇、C10-20的饱和脂肪酸及其酯类中的一种或两种以上。
6.根据权利要求1所述悬浮种衣剂,其特征在于,所述防腐剂为苯甲酸、苯甲醛、苯甲酸钠、苯甲酸钾、山梨酸、水杨酸钠、2-羟基联苯、对羟基苯甲醛、1,2-苯并噻唑啉-3-酮中的一种或两种以上。
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