CN102290875B - Device for supplying power to running electric automobile through high-frequency alternating magnetic field - Google Patents

Device for supplying power to running electric automobile through high-frequency alternating magnetic field Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102290875B
CN102290875B CN2011102507426A CN201110250742A CN102290875B CN 102290875 B CN102290875 B CN 102290875B CN 2011102507426 A CN2011102507426 A CN 2011102507426A CN 201110250742 A CN201110250742 A CN 201110250742A CN 102290875 B CN102290875 B CN 102290875B
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electric automobile
circuit
frequency alternating
guide rail
transformer
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CN102290875A (en
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魏强
郭为民
王广柱
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
Xuji Group Co Ltd
Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Henan Electric Power Co Ltd
Henan Enpai High Tech Group Co Ltd
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Henan Electric Power Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a device for supplying power to a running electric automobile through a high-frequency alternating magnetic field. The device comprises a guide rail consisting of a magnetic conducting material, a terrestrial circuit, a transformer primary coil, a transformer secondary coil and a vehicle-mounted circuit, wherein the guide rail is used for the electric automobile to run; the terrestrial circuit is buried under the ground, the input end of the terrestrial circuit is connected with a power grid, the output end of the terrestrial circuit is connected with the transformer primary coil and the terrestrial circuit is used for converting utility power into high-frequency alternating-current power; the transformer primary coil is arranged on the guide rail, and the transformer primary coil and the guide rail convert the high-frequency alternating-current power into the high-frequency alternating magnetic field in a direction perpendicular to the advancing direction of the electric automobile on the guide rail; and the transformer secondary coil is arranged on the magnetic conducting material on the electric automobile, the transformer secondary coil is connected with the input end of the vehicle-mounted circuit, and the vehicle-mounted circuit is used for converting the energy of the high-frequency alternating magnetic field into electric energy which is supplied to the electric automobile. The device for supplying the power to the running electric automobile through the high-frequency alternating magnetic field has the advantages that the capacity of a storage battery can be reduced, the cost and the charging time of the storage battery can be reduced, and a series of problems caused by the complete use of the storage battery are solved.

Description

The device of electric power is provided to electric automobile under steam by high-frequency alternating magnetic field
Technical field
The present invention relates to the electric automobile field, relate in particular to a kind of magnetic circuit, high-frequency alternating magnetic field that utilizes ground and vehicle-mounted magnetic permeable material to form the device of electric power is provided under steam to electric automobile.
Background technology
At present, new forms of energy have all obtained all over the world paying attention to widely, important events of new forms of energy application are exactly electric automobile, electric automobile uses electric energy but not gasoline, itself is the pernicious gas of exhaust emission atmosphere not, electric energy can derive from the multiple clean energy resourcies such as luminous energy, wind energy, morning and evening tides, underground heat, and the relative fuel oil price of electric energy is more cheap, so electric automobile has vast potential for future development.But battery technology has restricted the development of electric automobile, existing storage battery has the problems such as cost high (if it is higher to take to change the power mode cost), flying power are poor, quick charge appreciable impact battery life.These problems still, among research, not yet are well solved.And also be difficult in a short time the progress of making a breakthrough property.For this reason, a plurality of universities and scientific research institution attempt to realize allowing electric automobile obtain under steam electric power.Wherein the starting of Auckland university the earliest, they have just started the research of this respect in the nineties in last century, as shown in Figure 1, their main method is to lay two cables at subsurface, by the large electric current of high frequency (more than 10kHz), will produce alternating magnetic field like this around cable on cable.Need to take the vehicle of power by the pick-up(coupling coil of E type) two cables are embedded, thus generate electric power on the coil of pick-up.The major defect of this method is that, because primary coil only has a circle, so electric current need to be very large, in addition, higher to the Vehicle Driving Cycle requirement, once vehicle departs from cable, the power obtained will descend rapidly.If enlarge the horizontal scope of activities of vehicle by the method for laying on the ground heterogeneous wire simultaneously, also can bring the alternate new problem such as interfere with each other.
Summary of the invention
A kind of device of electric power that provides under steam to electric automobile by high-frequency alternating magnetic field is provided, can solves the problems of only using Vehicular accumulator cell.
The present invention adopts following technical proposals: a kind of device of electric power that provides under steam to electric automobile by high-frequency alternating magnetic field is characterized in that: comprise the ground guide rail that is laid on be comprised of magnetic permeable material, for making running car at guide rail;
Land circuit and transformer, land circuit is embedded in underground, and its input is connected with electrical network, and output is connected with transformer, for the civil power by electrical network, is transformed to high-frequency alternating current; Transformer is arranged on guide rail, and transformer is transformed to the high-frequency alternating magnetic field vertical with the electric automobile direction of advance on guide rail with guide rail by high-frequency alternating current;
Be arranged on the magnetic permeable material on electric automobile, for ground guide, forming magnetic circuit, to receive the energy of the high-frequency alternating magnetic field on guide rail;
Transformer secondary output coil and vehicle electronic circuit, the transformer secondary output coil is arranged on the magnetic permeable material on electric automobile; The transformer secondary output coil is connected with the input of vehicle electronic circuit, and the output of vehicle electronic circuit is connected with the power supply side of electric automobile, for the energy conversion of the high-frequency alternating magnetic field by reception, is that delivery of electrical energy is powered to electric automobile.
Magnetic permeable material on described electric automobile comprises horizontal component and vertical portion, and horizontal component is fixedly mounted on below automobile front axle or rear axle, and vertical portion is fixedly mounted on the wheel inboard.
Magnetic permeable material on described electric automobile comprises horizontal component and vertical portion, and horizontal component is arranged on outside automobile front axle or rear axle, and vertical portion is arranged on the inside and outside both sides of lateral wheel or inboard or wheel.
The vertical portion of described magnetic permeable material adopts the hinge type mounting structure of burst.
The vertical portion of described magnetic permeable material adopts the hard magnetic permeable material, and the hard magnetic permeable material adopts magnetic conduction rubber near the end on ground.
On the ground, the output of described land circuit is connected with the transformer on each section guide rail by electronic switch respectively described guide rail broken-up laying.
Magnetic permeable material when the laying width of described guide rail departs from vehicle right and left on electric automobile is on two magnetic poles of guide rail.
Described land circuit comprises the H bridge that the first rectifier bridge, electric capacity, IGBT form, and the input of rectifier bridge is connected with electrical network, and output connects electric capacity, and the two ends of electric capacity are connected with the input of H bridge, and the output of H bridge is connected with transformer; Described vehicle electronic circuit comprises the second rectifier bridge, filter capacitor, and the input of the second rectifier bridge is connected with the transformer secondary output coil, and the output of the second rectifier bridge connects filter capacitor, the output that the two ends of filter capacitor are vehicle electronic circuit.
Also be connected with capacitor compensating circuit between described land circuit and transformer, for the leakage inductance of compensation magnetic; Also be connected with capacitor compensating circuit between described vehicle electronic circuit and transformer secondary output coil, for the leakage inductance of compensation magnetic.
The output of described vehicle electronic circuit also is connected with the power input of storage battery, and the output of described vehicle electronic circuit is connected with the power supply side of electric automobile by commutation circuit with the output of storage battery.
The present invention by laying the guide rail is formed by magnetic permeable material on road surface, magnetic permeable material be set on electric automobile form loosely-coupled high frequency transformer magnetic circuit, be converted to electric energy by the high-frequency alternating magnetic field of magnetic circuit and transformer, secondary coil generation and can provide under steam electric power to electric automobile.Can obtain electric power when automobile travels on guide rail, only just need to use on-vehicle battery sailing the location that does not spread guide rail into, this will greatly reduce capacity, cost and the charging interval of on-vehicle battery.With the method for Auckland university, compare, elementary use multiturn coil of the present invention and magnetic core, what magnetic field intensity can be large like this is many, and guide rail has one fixed width to distribute on road simultaneously, so, even automobile departs from, also can not transmit by the excessive influence energy; In addition, secondary is not to use independent pick-up, but carrys out received energy by the magnetic permeable material on automobile, can reduce like this air gap elementary and time inter-stage, improves the energy transmission effect, also has better by the performance of obstacle.And the multistage guide rail is its power supply by same land circuit, conserve energy; The magnetic conduction rubber of tire magnetic permeable material bottom can reduce as far as possible and ground guide between distance, guaranteed to obtain energy as much as possible, transmission efficiency is high.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the prior art structural representation;
The connection layout that Fig. 2 is land circuit and transformer in the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the circuit theory diagrams of vehicle electronic circuit;
Fig. 4 is the principle schematic of the common power supply of ground guide multistage;
Fig. 5 is the scheme of installation of the magnetic permeable material of electric automobile in embodiment mono-;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of magnetic permeable material in embodiment mono-;
Fig. 7 is the scheme of installation of the magnetic permeable material of electric automobile in embodiment bis-
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of magnetic permeable material in embodiment bis-.
Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram that in embodiment bis-, magnetic permeable material burst hinge type is installed;
Figure 10 is the left view of Fig. 9;
Figure 11 is the structural representation that in embodiment bis-, the magnetic permeable material on wheel is separated to both sides.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3, the present invention includes the guide rail 1 that magnetic permeable material forms, lay on the ground, for making electric automobile during traveling at guide rail; Land circuit and transformer 2, transformer 2 is arranged on guide rail 1, and land circuit is embedded in underground; Be arranged on the magnetic permeable material on electric automobile, receive the energy of the high-frequency alternating magnetic field on guide rail; Transformer secondary output coil and vehicle electronic circuit, the transformer secondary output coil is arranged on the magnetic permeable material on electric automobile, the transformer secondary output coil is connected with the input of vehicle electronic circuit, the output of vehicle electronic circuit is connected with the power supply side of electric automobile, and it is that delivery of electrical energy is powered to electric automobile by the energy conversion of the high-frequency alternating magnetic field on guide rail that transformer secondary output coil and vehicle electronic circuit are used for.
Described magnetic permeable material can be ferrite, non-crystaline amorphous metal or permalloy etc., and as shown in Figure 2, land circuit comprises the H bridge that rectifier bridge, capacitor C 1, IGBT form.The input of rectifier bridge is connected with electrical network, and output connects capacitor C 1, and the two ends of capacitor C 1 are connected with the input of H bridge, and the output of H bridge passes through capacitor C pthe capacitor compensating circuit formed is connected with transformer, land circuit is converted to by civil power the alternating current that frequency is 20~40kHz or higher frequency, land circuit and transformer are for being on guide rail and high-frequency alternating magnetic field electric automobile direction of advance vertical distribution by the power converter of electrical network, and capacitor compensating circuit is for the leakage inductance of compensation magnetic.While realizing, magnitude of power calculates transformer primary side current effective value (being made as I) at first as required.Then adopt stagnant ring control technology, stagnant endless belt is taken as h, when current effective value, during lower than (I-h), makes primary side current positive half period IGBT switching tube S 1, S 4conducting, negative half-cycle S 2, S 3conducting, apply the generation square voltage pulse to circuit, to the secondary side transferring energy.When electric current is greater than (I+h), two lower brachium pontis IGBT switching tube S 3, S 4conducting, S 1, S 2turn-off primary side leakage inductance L pwith building-out capacitor C pseries resonance, continue to the secondary side transferring energy.This way, can be in the situation that do not rely on the correct resonance that the secondary circuit feedback guarantees circuit.In addition, land circuit also can be taked other forms, for example PWM conversion, and the soft switch of full-bridge/half-bridge circuit or ZVS, controlled resonant converter etc., as long as convert mains frequency to high-frequency alternating current.
As shown in Figure 3, vehicle electronic circuit comprises building-out capacitor C s, rectifier bridge, the transformer secondary output coil is by building-out capacitor C swith the input of rectifier bridge, be connected, the output of rectifier bridge connects filter capacitor C2, and the two ends of filter capacitor C2 are connected with the power input of the power supply side of electric automobile and storage battery, building-out capacitor C sleakage inductance for compensation magnetic.The output of described vehicle electronic circuit is connected with the power supply side of electric automobile by commutation circuit with the output of storage battery, when electric automobile during traveling is having on the road of guide rail, by vehicle electronic circuit, to electric automobile, powered, if there is residue to charge a battery, when electric automobile during traveling is not having on the road of guide rail, by commutation circuit, transfer storage battery power supply to, commutation circuit be embodied as ripe prior art, repeat no more.
As shown in Figure 4, if it is too far away that guide rail 1 extends on direction of advance, magnetic circuit is oversize, need magnetomotive force too high, so guide rail 1 broken-up laying on the ground, the output of land circuit is connected with the transformer 2 on the multistage guide rail by electronic switch 3 respectively, some segmentations are altogether by a land circuit power supply, and allow successively some electronic switch conductings according to the wheel progressive position, come respectively to different sectional power supplies, and allow the technology of electronic switch conducting be ripe prior art, do not repeat them here.
Embodiment mono-: as shown in Figure 5, Figure 6, magnetic permeable material on electric automobile comprises horizontal component 4 and vertical portion 5, horizontal component 4 is fixedly mounted on below automobile front axle or rear axle, vertical portion 5 is fixed on wheel inboard, vehicle body below, and described transformer secondary output coil is arranged on the horizontal component 4 of magnetic permeable material.This magnetic permeable material structure is changed little to body construction, but and between ground air gap larger.When laying ground guide, should use suitable guide rail shape, shape should laterally have suitable width, but still need to leave enough gaps between two magnetic poles, this shape gap width is about 60cm, and two magnet pole widths are the 80cm left and right, even tire has departing from of laterally ± 40cm on guide rail like this, also can guarantee that magnetic permeable material on vehicle body is on different magnetic poles, guarantee the energy transmission.
Embodiment bis-: as shown in Figure 7, Figure 8, magnetic permeable material on electric automobile comprises horizontal component 4 and vertical portion 5, and horizontal component 4 is arranged on outside automobile front axle or rear axle, forms the sleeve pipe that a magnetic permeable material forms, sleeve pipe can rotate with front axle or rear axle, also can be fixed on vehicle body.Vertical portion 5 is arranged on the inside and outside both sides of the outside of wheel or wheel, can be the independent magnetic permeable material layer increased on wheel.While taking this mounting means, ground guide can be wider, between two magnetic poles, gap width can reach 80cm, two magnet pole widths can reach the 100cm left and right, even tire has departing from of laterally ± 50cm on guide rail like this, also can guarantee that two sidecar wheels are on different magnetic poles, guarantee the energy transmission.This mounting means, automobile is better by the performance of various obstacles, and can further reduce the air gap between vehicle-mounted magnetic permeable material and ground guide, improves the coupling coefficient between primary and secondary.As shown in Fig. 9, Figure 10, Figure 11, magnetic permeable material on tire also can adopt the hinge mounting structure of burst, magnetic permeable material can be separated to both sides during squeegee action like this, gap in the time of can reducing tire and do not compress between magnetic permeable material and ground guide, in the time of also can preventing the tire compression, magnetic permeable material contacts with ground, causes the wearing and tearing of magnetic permeable material.In addition, the outer magnetic permeable material layer of tire can adopt magnetic conduction rubber in the end near ground, to extend to the degree of kiss the earth, to obtain energy as much as possible, improves transmission efficiency.
In addition, the installation of the magnetic permeable material on the electric automobile described in embodiment mono-and embodiment bis-can also be taked other forms, for example magnetic permeable material is arranged on two sidecar wheels of automobile, as long as the sectional area of magnetic permeable material meets the requirement of design power and magnetic flux.

Claims (8)

1. one kind provides the device of electric power under steam to electric automobile by high-frequency alternating magnetic field, it is characterized in that: comprise the ground guide rail that is laid on be comprised of magnetic permeable material, for making running car at guide rail;
Land circuit and transformer, land circuit is embedded in underground, and its input is connected with electrical network, and output is connected with transformer, for the civil power by electrical network, is transformed to high-frequency alternating current; Transformer is arranged on guide rail, and transformer is transformed to the high-frequency alternating magnetic field vertical with the electric automobile direction of advance on guide rail with guide rail by high-frequency alternating current;
Be arranged on the magnetic permeable material on electric automobile, for ground guide, forming magnetic circuit, to receive the energy of the high-frequency alternating magnetic field on guide rail;
Transformer secondary output coil and vehicle electronic circuit, the transformer secondary output coil is arranged on the magnetic permeable material on electric automobile; The transformer secondary output coil is connected with the input of vehicle electronic circuit, and the output of vehicle electronic circuit is connected with the power supply side of electric automobile, for the energy conversion of the high-frequency alternating magnetic field by reception, is that delivery of electrical energy is powered to electric automobile;
Also be connected with capacitor compensating circuit between wherein said land circuit and transformer, for the leakage inductance of compensation magnetic; Also be connected with capacitor compensating circuit between described vehicle electronic circuit and transformer secondary output coil, for the leakage inductance of compensation magnetic;
Wherein said land circuit comprises the H bridge that the first rectifier bridge, electric capacity, IGBT form, and the input of rectifier bridge is connected with electrical network, and output connects electric capacity, and the two ends of electric capacity are connected with the input of H bridge, and the output of H bridge is connected with transformer; Land circuit is converted to by civil power the alternating current that frequency is 20~40kHz or higher frequency, land circuit and transformer are for being on guide rail and high-frequency alternating magnetic field electric automobile direction of advance vertical distribution by the power converter of electrical network, while realizing, at first as required magnitude of power calculates transformer primary side current effective value, be made as I, then adopt stagnant ring control technology, stagnant endless belt is taken as h, during lower than I-h, make primary side current positive half period IGBT switching tube S when current effective value 1, S 4conducting, negative half-cycle S 2, S 3conducting, apply the generation square voltage pulse to circuit, to the secondary side transferring energy; When electric current is greater than I+h, two lower brachium pontis IGBT switching tube S 3, S 4conducting, S 1, S 2turn-off primary side leakage inductance L pwith building-out capacitor C pseries resonance, continue to the secondary side transferring energy, can be in the situation that do not rely on the correct resonance that the secondary circuit feedback guarantees circuit;
Described vehicle electronic circuit comprises the second rectifier bridge, filter capacitor, and the input of the second rectifier bridge is connected with the transformer secondary output coil, and the output of the second rectifier bridge connects filter capacitor, the output that the two ends of filter capacitor are vehicle electronic circuit.
2. the device of electric power that provides under steam to electric automobile by high-frequency alternating magnetic field according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the magnetic permeable material on described electric automobile comprises horizontal component and vertical portion, horizontal component is fixedly mounted on below automobile front axle or rear axle, and vertical portion is fixedly mounted on the wheel inboard.
3. the device of electric power that provides under steam to electric automobile by high-frequency alternating magnetic field according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the magnetic permeable material on described electric automobile comprises horizontal component and vertical portion, horizontal component is arranged on outside automobile front axle or rear axle, and vertical portion is arranged on the inside and outside both sides of lateral wheel or inboard or wheel.
4. the device of electric power that provides under steam to electric automobile by high-frequency alternating magnetic field according to claim 3, is characterized in that: the hinge type mounting structure of the vertical portion employing burst of described magnetic permeable material.
5. the device of electric power that provides under steam to electric automobile by high-frequency alternating magnetic field according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: the vertical portion of described magnetic permeable material adopts the hard magnetic permeable material, and the hard magnetic permeable material adopts magnetic conduction rubber near the end on ground.
6. according to the described device of electric power that provides under steam to electric automobile by high-frequency alternating magnetic field of claim 1 to 5 any one, it is characterized in that: on the ground, the output of described land circuit is connected with the transformer on each section guide rail by electronic switch respectively described guide rail broken-up laying.
7. the device of electric power that provides under steam to electric automobile by high-frequency alternating magnetic field according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: the magnetic permeable material when laying width of described guide rail departs from vehicle right and left on electric automobile is on two magnetic poles of guide rail.
8. the device of electric power that provides under steam to electric automobile by high-frequency alternating magnetic field according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: the output of described vehicle electronic circuit also is connected with the power input of storage battery, and the output of described vehicle electronic circuit is connected with the power supply side of electric automobile by commutation circuit with the output of storage battery.
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CN102611204B (en) * 2012-03-07 2014-09-03 河南省电力公司电力科学研究院 Electric vehicle wireless power supply device with secondary coil driving device
CN103112356A (en) * 2013-01-28 2013-05-22 中国民航大学 Device for improving electric automobile contactless power transfer efficiency
CN103701167B (en) * 2013-12-16 2015-12-02 江苏大学 A kind of vehicle based on Special Road is advanced middle wireless charging device
CN105337334A (en) * 2014-08-08 2016-02-17 刘跃进 Novel magnetic conductive rubber and magnetic conductive tyre charging system used for charging electric automobile in operation
DE102014219842A1 (en) 2014-09-30 2016-03-31 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method for determining an arrangement of an electric vehicle and arrangement determination unit
CN106469944A (en) * 2015-08-20 2017-03-01 姚舜 Electric automobile carriage way non-contact type method of supplying power to
CN106026209A (en) * 2016-08-01 2016-10-12 安徽贝莱电子科技有限公司 Non-contact power supply system
CN109677283A (en) * 2018-12-26 2019-04-26 张治国 Small-power road driving charging method and system
CN112421799B (en) * 2020-12-07 2021-10-15 哈尔滨工业大学 Modular hidden polar type power supply rail applied to dynamic wireless power supply of mobile equipment

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