CN102279354B - Cruciform ultrasound array sensor and method for positioning transformer partial discharge - Google Patents
Cruciform ultrasound array sensor and method for positioning transformer partial discharge Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cruciform ultrasound array sensor and method for positioning transformer partial discharge. The ultrasound array sensors are arranged in a cross way and at equal intervals; the number of piezoelectric sensors is 5 to 300; ultra-high frequency sensors are located around the cruciform ultrasound array sensor; the outside of the sensor is a metal shield and the bottom surface of the sensor is a matching layer. The method comprises the following steps of: virtual expanding the cruciform array by high-order cumulant technology; estimating direction of the expanded virtual array by a spatial spectrum estimation algorithm; and then synthesizing ultrasound beam of at the estimated direction, combined with electric pulse or ultra-high frequency electromagnetic signal produced by partial discharge, obtaining propagation delay of the ultrasonic wave in the transformer and further positioning the transformer partial discharge. The subsequent hardware circuits of the sensor can be greatly decreased, the production cost can be saved; moreover, Gaussian colour noise can be effectively inhibited, and the practicability of array technology in the partial discharge detection field can be achieved conveniently.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to high voltage installation and experimental technique field, specifically is the detection and the location technology of the inner shelf depreciation of power transformer.
Background technology
Physics and chemical phenomenons such as shelf depreciation can generate electromagnetic waves, sound, light, heat are according to these quantitative analyses being handled the position that can obtain Partial Discharge Sources.It is a kind of emerging method that occurs in recent years that the application array technique positions shelf depreciation, and this method bearing accuracy is higher, and can position simultaneous a plurality of Partial Discharge Sources.
Yet research at present generally all is based on the sensor array of rectangular surfaces, guarantee that array has enough sharp keen directivity, and array number will be got a lot.Especially use the ultra-high frequency signal of shelf depreciation to detect and locate, but because its speed and frequency measurement section, but and the restriction of the interior arrangement space of transformer, all do not allow to adopt a lot of array elements, thereby ultra-high frequency signal generally is used for obtaining the time reference that shelf depreciation produces, and carries out rough orientation to discern Partial Discharge Sources with the ultrahigh frequency array.So for the shelf depreciation location of using array technique, the research of ultrasonic array is of crucial importance.The ultrasonic array of rectangular surfaces also brings difficulty for the layout between it and the ultrahigh frequency (array) in addition.These all cause the cross-sectional area of (compound) sensor array big, and follow-up hardware circuit is huge, cost is high.So it is array technique will reach practical target on power equipments such as transformer, must be to sensor array microminiaturized and reduce the complicacy and the financial cost of follow-up hardware circuit.
Summary of the invention
Invention provides the cruciform supersonic array sensor and the method thereof of shelf depreciation location in a kind of transformer.
Technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that
Include supersonic array sensor and uhf sensor, described cruciform supersonic array sensor is made up of 5-300 piezoelectric crystal, and equidistantly tight the arrangement is "+" shape layout; Uhf sensor is positioned at around the cruciform supersonic array; Be metallic shield around supersonic array and the uhf sensor, receiving plane has matching layer.
The localization method that is used for the cruciform ultrasonic array of partial discharge of transformer location,
(1) use the Higher Order Cumulants processing cross font supersonic array is carried out virtual extended, the array after the expansion is the face battle array;
(2) the fourth order cumulant matrix Rcum of computing array received ultrasonic signal, the i.e. cross-correlation matrix of expansion back array;
(3) Rcum is carried out feature decomposition, obtain proper subspace En, and by the spectrum estimation formulas
Carry out spectrum peak search, B in the formula (θ) is the flow pattern vector of cruciform array, and it is pairing to obtain maximal point
Be an innings discharge signal arrival bearing;
(4) exist
It is synthetic respectively ultrasonic signal and ultra-high frequency signal to be carried out wave beam on the direction, obtains the output y (t) and the ultrahigh frequency array output y of supersonic array
1(t), the mistiming between two envelope peak is the time delay τ that ultrasound wave arrives sensor, by θ,
L can finish the location of Partial Discharge Sources in the transformer.
The supersonic array sensor is cruciform to be arranged, and equidistantly arranges, and array element (piezoelectric sensor) number is 5-300, and uhf sensor is positioned at (as Fig. 1) around the cruciform supersonic array, is metallic shield all around, and there is matching layer the bottom surface.Utilize the Higher Order Cumulants technology that the cruciform array is carried out virtual extended, utilize Estimation of Spatial Spectrum algorithm travel direction to estimate to the virtual array after the expansion, it is synthetic to carry out wave beam then on the direction that estimates, electric pulse or uhf electromagnetic wave signal that assistant produces with shelf depreciation, can obtain the propagation delay of ultrasound wave in transformer, thereby position.
Use array technique that Partial Discharge Sources is positioned the used sensor array of method and be generally the rectangular surfaces array, yet its array number is too many, follow-up hardware handles circuit complexity is huge, and practicality is relatively poor.In addition, this planar array can influence the layout of uhf sensor array, causes the oversize of compound sensor, is unfavorable for practical application.After having adopted the present invention, the array element number of the supersonic array after the expansion increases greatly, becomes planar array (as Fig. 2) by two linear arrays, and this has greatly improved the aperture of sensor array.The supersonic array that expands has sharp keen directional performance and angle recognition capability, the sidelobe level of the array after the expansion is lower, main lobe narrower (as Fig. 3), can make former array reach the locating effect of more array element with less array element number, and follow-up hardware circuit can reduce greatly, has saved cost of manufacture; And, can effectively suppress Gauss's coloured noise, this sensor construction is because ultrasound wave and ultrahigh frequency array can be conformal preferably, and the compound sensor size is less, is more conducive to the practicability of array technique in the Partial Discharge Detection field.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that compound sensor is arranged synoptic diagram.1 is cruciform supersonic array sensor; 2 is shell.
Fig. 2 is an element position synoptic diagram before and after the expansion.Array element is positioned on X, the Y-axis and equidistantly arranges, and P point is a partial discharge position, θ with
Represent arrival bearing's the angle of pitch and position angle respectively, filled circles is actual element position, and open circles is virtual element position.
Fig. 3 is a cruciform array pattern tangent plane comparison diagram before and after the expansion."---", "---" and "----------" are respectively the directional diagram of the rectangular surfaces array of virtual array before and after the cruciform array extension, former cruciform array correspondence.
Embodiment
Utilize the Higher Order Cumulants treatment technology that former cruciform array is carried out virtual extended, set up the mathematical model of cruciform supersonic array, array element is positioned on X, the Y-axis and equidistantly arranges, and P point is a partial discharge position, θ with
Represent arrival bearing's the angle of pitch and position angle respectively.Each array element coordinate subtracts the coordinate that just can obtain virtual array element mutually, expands front-back direction as shown in Figure 2, and filled circles is actual element position, and open circles is virtual element position.As seen from Figure 2, expansion back array element is the face battle array.
Utilize the array of expansion to be: the fourth order cumulant matrix Rcum of computing array received ultrasonic signal to the step that shelf depreciation positions;
Rcum is carried out feature decomposition, obtain proper subspace En, and carry out spectrum peak search by the spectrum estimation formulas of formula (1), it is pairing to obtain maximal point
Be an innings discharge signal arrival bearing;
According to the velocity of propagation c of ultrasound wave in oil, thereby can determine that the distance between Partial Discharge Sources and the sensor is l=c * τ.In conjunction with θ,
And l, the cylindrical coordinates of discharge source can be converted to Cartesian coordinates.
The applicant has done research to the directivity characteristics before and after the expansion of cruciform sensor array, respectively emulation the static directional diagram of arrays before and after the expansion, as shown in Figure 3.The result shows that the half-power point beam angle of virtual array and sidelobe level obviously are better than former cruciform array, and directivity is better.This is because expansion back array element number increases greatly, causes the aperture to become big and directivity improves.
In addition, the applicant has carried out simulation study for the situation of single in the transformer oil and two Partial Discharge Sources under Gauss's Colored Noise, the result shows and utilizes the Higher Order Cumulants treatment technology can reach the locating effect of more array element to less array element that ratio of precision is higher.Reduced array element number greatly, saved the financial cost of subsequent conditioning circuit, and can and the ultrahigh frequency array conformal preferably, the compound sensor size is less, for the practicability of array technique on power equipment provides possible.
Claims (2)
1. the cruciform ultrasonic array sensor that is used for the shelf depreciation location, include cruciform supersonic array sensor and uhf sensor, it is characterized in that: described cruciform supersonic array sensor is made up of 5-300 piezoelectric crystal, and equidistantly tight the arrangement is "+" shape layout; Uhf sensor is positioned at around the cruciform supersonic array sensor; Be metallic shield around cruciform supersonic array sensor and the uhf sensor, the receiving plane of bottom surface has matching layer.
2. be used for the localization method of the cruciform supersonic array sensor of partial discharge of transformer location, it is characterized in that:
(1) use the Higher Order Cumulants processing cruciform supersonic array sensor is carried out virtual extended, the array after the expansion is the face battle array;
(2) the fourth order cumulant matrix Rcum of computing array received ultrasonic signal, the i.e. cross-correlation matrix of expansion back array;
(3) Rcum is carried out feature decomposition, obtain proper subspace En, and by the spectrum estimation formulas
Carry out spectrum peak search, B in the formula (θ) is the flow pattern vector of cruciform supersonic array sensor, and it is pairing to obtain maximal point
Be the local discharge signal arrival bearing; θ and
Represent arrival bearing's the angle of pitch and position angle respectively;
(4) exist
It is synthetic respectively ultrasonic signal and ultra-high frequency signal to be carried out wave beam on the direction, obtains the output y (t) and the ultrahigh frequency array output y of cruciform supersonic array sensor
1(t), the mistiming between two envelope peak is the time delay τ that ultrasound wave arrives cruciform supersonic array sensor, by θ,
L can finish the location of Partial Discharge Sources in the transformer.
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| CN105093070A (en) * | 2014-05-06 | 2015-11-25 | 长沙理工大学 | Method for ultrasonically positioning multiple discharging sources in large transformer |
| CN103995221A (en) * | 2014-05-29 | 2014-08-20 | 西安交通大学 | Ultrasonic receiving array orientation method for transformer partial discharge positioning |
| CN105548824B (en) * | 2015-12-02 | 2018-05-22 | 华北电力大学（保定） | A kind of electrical equipment partial discharge source positioner and localization method |
| CN105301466A (en) * | 2015-12-07 | 2016-02-03 | 国网甘肃省电力公司检修公司 | Sensor for realizing comprehensive partial discharge detection of transformer |
| CN105676169B (en) * | 2016-01-19 | 2018-01-05 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三研究所 | A kind of orientation method and device of pulse acoustic target |
| CN107345995A (en) * | 2017-07-10 | 2017-11-14 | 国网天津市电力公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of anti-interference screen method of combined electrical apparatus ultrasound examination |
| CN108181557B (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2020-05-05 | 上海交通大学 | Method for determining ultrahigh frequency partial discharge signal direction |
| CN108318790A (en) * | 2018-03-16 | 2018-07-24 | 深圳供电局有限公司 | A kind of built-in SF6 gas-insulated transformers partial discharge monitoring system |
| CN108490325B (en) * | 2018-04-11 | 2020-05-05 | 上海交通大学 | Two-section type transformer substation partial discharge signal positioning method and system |
| CN108548997B (en) * | 2018-04-16 | 2020-11-06 | 上海交通大学 | Transformer substation space partial discharge positioning method and system |
| CN109116202A (en) * | 2018-10-17 | 2019-01-01 | 江苏方天电力技术有限公司 | A kind of PVDF ultrasound array sensor and its array signal denoising method |
| CN110161377A (en) * | 2019-06-26 | 2019-08-23 | 武汉三相电力科技有限公司 | A kind of cable fault independent positioning method and equipment |
| CN111105926B (en) * | 2019-12-14 | 2022-04-19 | 深圳先进技术研究院 | Preparation method of flexible piezoresistive sensor of transformer and transformer |
| CN111624252B (en) * | 2020-05-25 | 2021-08-06 | 西安交通大学 | Method for improving Lamb wave phased array focusing detection speed |
| CN111474454B (en) * | 2020-06-03 | 2022-11-08 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Transformer partial discharge positioning method and device based on wireless ultrasound |
| CN112023283B (en) * | 2020-08-03 | 2021-09-07 | 西安交通大学 | Annular multi-array ultrasonic passive imaging method and system based on high-order aperture autocorrelation |
| CN115453300B (en) * | 2022-11-11 | 2023-04-18 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司泰州供电分公司 | Partial discharge positioning system and method based on acoustic sensor array |
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| CN100427961C (en) * | 2006-09-20 | 2008-10-22 | 重庆大学 | Virtual instrument technique based gas insulation combined electric appliances online detecting method |
| KR101051099B1 (en) * | 2008-09-30 | 2011-07-21 | 한국전력공사 | Microwave partial discharge and discharge position measuring device of high voltage power equipment |
| CN101551434B (en) * | 2009-05-13 | 2012-08-22 | 中南大学 | Transformer partial discharge positioning method base on ultra high frequency detection technology |
| CN101571568B (en) * | 2009-05-15 | 2012-07-18 | 河北省电力研究院 | Ultrasonic planar array sensor suitable for partial discharge detection of transformer |
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Effective date of registration: 20191226 Address after: 710049 Xianning West Road, Shaanxi, China, No. 28, No. Co-patentee after: GUIYANG BUREAU, EHV POWER TRANSMISSION COMPANY, CHINA SOUTHERN POWER GRID Co.,Ltd. Patentee after: XI'AN JIAOTONG University Address before: 710049 Xianning West Road, Shaanxi, China, No. 28, No. Patentee before: Xi'an Jiaotong University |
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Effective date of registration: 20230310 Address after: 710049 No. 28 West Xianning Road, Shaanxi, Xi'an Patentee after: XI'AN JIAOTONG University Address before: 710049 No. 28 West Xianning Road, Shaanxi, Xi'an Patentee before: XI'AN JIAOTONG University Patentee before: GUIYANG BUREAU, EHV POWER TRANSMISSION COMPANY, CHINA SOUTHERN POWER GRID Co.,Ltd. |
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