CN102277502A - Method for enrichment extraction of cadmium in polluted soil through herbaceous plant Chinese lobelia herb - Google Patents
Method for enrichment extraction of cadmium in polluted soil through herbaceous plant Chinese lobelia herb Download PDFInfo
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- CN102277502A CN102277502A CN2011101082931A CN201110108293A CN102277502A CN 102277502 A CN102277502 A CN 102277502A CN 2011101082931 A CN2011101082931 A CN 2011101082931A CN 201110108293 A CN201110108293 A CN 201110108293A CN 102277502 A CN102277502 A CN 102277502A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for enrichment extraction of cadmium in polluted soil through adopting a herbaceous plant Chinese lobelia herb. The method realizes that a herbaceous plant Chinese lobelia herb grows on soil polluted by cadmium and enriches a mass of cadmium in the upper part of the soil and through harvest of an overground part of the herbaceous plant Chinese lobelia herb, cadmium in the soil is extracted and recovered. Therefore, the soil polluted by cadmium is subjected to in-situ plant remediation under the condition that soil use properties and soil quality are not changed. The method can be utilized for plant remediation of soil which is subjected to cadmium-related multi-metal combined pollution and is located around a smeltery, and farmland soil which is irrigated with heavy metal-containing sewage and thus has cadmium content exceeding the standard.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the application method of a kind of herbaceous plant Herba Lobeliae Chinensis, particularly be applied to the method that cadmium in the cadmium pollution soil is extracted in enrichment.
Background technology
Along with the development of activities in production such as mining mineral resource, smelting, processing, the soil of manufacturing district periphery generally is subjected to the various heavy combined pollution, jeopardizes peripheral resident's productive life, and environment hidden danger is heavy.Especially cadmium pollutes the most serious.Concerning biology, cadmium is the most malicious metallic element, can not be degraded by microorganisms, and it pollutes and is irreversible cumulative process.Cadmium surpasses certain limit and not only has a strong impact on output, the quality of crop in the soil, and very easily accumulates in human body by food chain and be detrimental to health.Therefore, the improvement of cadmium pollution soil is the key subjects in environmental protection field always.
The governance way of soil Cd and other heavy metal contamination comprises physics and engineering measure, chemical recovery technique, microorganism recovery technique etc.In these methods, chemical repairing method also produces secondary pollution when consuming a large amount of chemical agents.Physics and engineering measure then need special equipment, and not only cost is too high but also be not suitable for the reparation in pollution in wide area farmland.Therefore, what the technician need research and develop at present is the recovery method of the cadmium in a kind of cadmium pollution soil, and it also can be realized the recycling of valuable metal and not destroy ecological environment of soil and do not cause secondary pollution when purifying soil.
And as the plant lobelia in the campanulaceae per nnial herb, be distributed in China East China, south China, southwest, Central-South various places.Effects such as effect in the past is, all herbal medicine possesses inducing diuresis to remove edema, and is clearing heat and detoxicating can be used for treating extensive abdominal edema, face foot edema, the swollen furunculosis of carbuncle, snake bite and insect sting etc.Never see relevant research report in the prior art, it is applied in the removal aspect of pollution element cadmium in the soil.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of ability of enrichment cadmium strong, to the reparation safety and environmental protection of soil, the method for heavy metal cadmium in the contaminated soil is extracted in biomagnification simple to operate.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: the herbaceous plant Herba Lobeliae Chinensis is applied to the method that cadmium in the contaminated soil is extracted in enrichment.
The inventive method comprises that the stolon with Herba Lobeliae Chinensis obtains the Herba Lobeliae Chinensis planting stock by nourishing and generating, and transplants in cadmium pollution soil, adopts once harvesting mode repeatedly of plantation, and the cadmium in the contaminated soil is extracted in enrichment continuously.
Herba Lobeliae Chinensis planting stock culturing process comprises: the cuttage of Herba Lobeliae Chinensis stolon is cultivated in soil, treat on the stolon to divide send many sprays after, cut the Cu branch, the joint on the spray is no less than 10, and the spray lower end is immersed in the water, to promote the adventive root growth; After treating that adventive root grows, adopt nutritive medium (as: Hoagland nutritive medium or Kimura's nutritive medium) to cultivate again, can obtain the planting stock of Herba Lobeliae Chinensis, be used for transplanting.
The culture condition of Herba Lobeliae Chinensis planting stock is the illumination that is provided by fluorescent lamp, and intensity is 280～400 μ mol photon m-2S-1, light application time 10～14 hours, the daytime/night temperature be 25～28 ℃/18～20 ℃, relative air humidity is 60～70% (RH).
The mode that plantation of the present invention is once gathered in repeatedly is: Herba Lobeliae Chinensis is nourished and generated transplantation of seedlings to cadmium pollution soil, and the end of waiting to nourish and grow, when bud forms, the harvesting over-ground part; Watering of harvesting back and coating film and sunshade net are preserved moisture and sunshade, to promote the growth of Herba Lobeliae Chinensis regrowth, treat that regrowth grows into bud stage and gathers in once more, so repeatedly.
The contriver discovers plantation once, can gather at least 3 times, and the per mu yield of Herba Lobeliae Chinensis overground part can reach 2000kg, and its dry weight can reach 196kg.
The contriver is by years of researches and analysis, section more than 60 totally 450 various plants and a large amount of pedotheque have wherein been gathered altogether, analyzed the content of Zn, Mn, Cd, Pb, As, Hg and Cu in plant and the pedotheque, screening has obtained the higher plant of overground part cadmium content---Herba Lobeliae Chinensis.Under the natural condition, Herba Lobeliae Chinensis can cadmium content up to the soil of 455mg/kg in normal growth and the breeding, and the overground part cadmium content reaches 182mg/kg, is higher than the cadmium content of common plant far away, and the coefficient of concentration of its cadmium (ratio of overground part cadmium content and the total cadmium content of soil) is 2.5.
The contriver also adopts the method for quick breeding plant Herba Lobeliae Chinensis, and plantation is once gathered in the cadmium that repeatedly comes to extract continuously in the soil, reaches the purpose that reduces soil cadmium content, cleaning contaminated soil.
The concrete implementation process of the present invention is:
The stolon of the Herba Lobeliae Chinensis that the field is adopted back obtains the Herba Lobeliae Chinensis planting stock fast by nourishing and generating, and transplants in cadmium pollution soil, and plantation is harvesting method repeatedly once, extracts the cadmium in the contaminated soil continuously.The direct press strip of the stolon of Herba Lobeliae Chinensis is in filling the vegetable garden soil flowerpot, after treating that the stolon branch sends many braces the spray of 12～15 joints is arranged, cut spray again, the joint number of the spray of cutting is controlled at 10～12, the spray lower end is immersed in the water, promote the adventive root growth, change into then with the Hoagland nutritive medium and cultivate, obtain the planting stock of Herba Lobeliae Chinensis.The culture condition of Herba Lobeliae Chinensis planting stock is the illumination that is provided by fluorescent lamp, and intensity is 280～400 μ mol photon m-2S-1, light application time 12 hours, the daytime/night temperature be 25～28 ℃/18～20 ℃, relative air humidity is 60～70% (RH).The Herba Lobeliae Chinensis planting stock is moved to cadmium pollution soil cultivation, cooperate suitable liquid manure, treat that plant-growth arrives bud stage, gather in its overground part.Herba Lobeliae Chinensis is in the cadmium pollution soil process of growth, because its special accumulation ability to cadmium makes a large amount of cadmium of its overground part accumulation, content reaches 81.1～205mg/kg, and mean enrichment coefficients is 1.63, can effectively extract the about 20～40g of cadmium in the soil.
The Herba Lobeliae Chinensis overground part gathers in once back watering and coating film and the sunshade net is preserved moisture and sunshade (shade density can be 65%), to promote the growth of Herba Lobeliae Chinensis regrowth, treats that regrowth grows into bud stage, gathers in 3 times so repeatedly once more.
The Herba Lobeliae Chinensis of enrichment cadmium of harvesting is dried or dries, burn the back and obtain biological ore in sand form, carry out the recovery of cadmium.Also can directly reclaim cadmium by the pyrolytic method.
Advantage of the present invention and positively effect
(1) provides the novel method of a safety and environmental protection for the reparation of cadmium pollution soil
Campanulaceae plant Herba Lobeliae Chinensis of the present invention, based on its absorption and accumulation ability to cadmium in the soil, can utilize the cadmium in its extraction soil, the soil remediation method of this plant extract is compared other physics, chemical repair method and is not destroyed environment, do not have secondary pollution, has the extensive characteristics of safety and environmental protection and subject range.
(2) accumulation ability is strong
In equally distinguishing together, the average cadmium content of Herba Lobeliae Chinensis overground part is higher than the average cadmium content of other plant.In the multiple spot individual plant investigation sampling, all Herba Lobeliae Chinensis sample cadmium contents of 10 sampling points all surpass 50mg/kg, and average content reaches 141mg/kg.Herba Lobeliae Chinensis reaches as high as 4 to the coefficient of concentration average out to 3 of cadmium, 60% example enrichment coefficient is arranged greater than 1.Under the greenhouse water planting condition, when the cadmium concentration of nutritive medium was 200 μ M, the cadmium content of Herba Lobeliae Chinensis overground part can reach 350mg/kg, and zone of pollution common plant cadmium average content only is 16.0mg/kg.Herba Lobeliae Chinensis is far longer than other frequently seen plants in mining area to the accumulation ability of cadmium.
(3) cadmium in the recovery soil
Herba Lobeliae Chinensis is in the process of cadmium pollution soil growth, because its special accumulation ability to cadmium, make a large amount of cadmium of its overground part accumulation, can effectively extract the cadmium in the soil, Herba Lobeliae Chinensis overground part with harvesting dries then or dries, and can obtain biological ore in sand form after the burning, carry out the recovery of cadmium, also can directly reclaim by the pyrolytic method.
(4) simple to operate
Whole process does not need special equipment, only needs common arviculture technology, and cultivates and once can gather in the crops repeatedly, thereby reach the purpose that cadmium in the soil is extracted continuously.
Embodiment
Following examples are intended to illustrate the present invention rather than limitation of the invention further.
Embodiment 1
The contriver is under natural condition, respectively at summer and autumn adopting multiple spot individual plant sampling method to gather the Herba Lobeliae Chinensis overground part of different location and the sample of corresponding soil thereof in plumbous zinc ore district.Analyze the cadmium content of Herba Lobeliae Chinensis overground part and soil, calculate the coefficient of concentration (coefficient of concentration=plant shoot cadmium content/soil cadmium content) of Herba Lobeliae Chinensis cadmium.The result shows, summer the Herba Lobeliae Chinensis overground part cadmium content average out to 144mg/kg, mean enrichment coefficients is 1.21; Autumn the Herba Lobeliae Chinensis overground part cadmium content average out to 137mg/kg, mean enrichment coefficients is 2.05.
Embodiment 2
The Herba Lobeliae Chinensis stolon cuttage that the field is adopted back (is adopted common vegetable garden soil) and is cultivated in native basin, treat to divide on the stolon send enough sprays after, cut sprig with 10～12 joints, the branch lower end is immersed in the water, to promote the adventive root growth.After treating that adventive root grows, change into again with the Hoagland nutritive medium and cultivate, obtain the planting stock of Herba Lobeliae Chinensis.The Herba Lobeliae Chinensis planting stock moved in the nutritive medium that adds cadmium cultivate.Table 1 has shown the cadmium processing influence to Herba Lobeliae Chinensis biomass and cadmium content in 15 days.As seen, when the cadmium concentration of treatment was 5～50 μ M, to not influence of Herba Lobeliae Chinensis growth, the overground part dry weight is compared with contrast did not have notable difference, and during cadmium concentration of treatment 〉=100 μ M, growth begins to weaken.The cadmium concentration of treatment is 5 μ M, and Herba Lobeliae Chinensis overground part cadmium content is 62.1mg/kg, and root is 3030mg/kg, and the extracted amount of overground part cadmium is 4.59 μ g/ strains; Along with the cadmium concentration of treatment increases, the cadmium content of overground part increases, and when the cadmium concentration of treatment reached 500 μ M, the overground part cadmium content reached 414mg/kg, and root is 6320mg/kg, and the extracted amount of overground part cadmium is 11.1 μ g/ strains.
Biomass and the cadmium content of Herba Lobeliae Chinensis under the table 1 water planting condition
Embodiment 3
Adopt greenhouse pot culture earth culture method, soil is chosen vegetable garden soil, dry, smash to pieces, sieve, with CdCl22H2O by 50 and the cadmium concentration of 100mg/kg be made into 2 processing, each handles three repetitions, each basin is contained 1kg soil, disposable base fertilizer 100mg/kg nitrogen, 80mg/kg phosphorus, the 100mg/kg potassium (form with potassium primary phosphate and urea adds) of applying.After the soil balance, transplant Herba Lobeliae Chinensis planting stock (planting stock is cultivated with reference to example 2), add water, the soil in the basin is absorbed to saturation moisture content from the basin holder.Keep the skin wet as required later on, cultivated 45 days, harvesting for the first time; Harvesting was for the second time, for the third time respectively after 30 days, 50 days.Record Herba Lobeliae Chinensis overground part dry weight is analyzed its cadmium content, calculates the cadmium extracted amount, sees Table 2.As can be seen, the cadmium in the Herba Lobeliae Chinensis energy enrichment soil, the cadmium in its regrowth, the same energy of the three lives seedling enrichment soil, thus realize cadmium in the soil is extracted continuously.
The biomass and the cadmium content of following three the harvesting Herba Lobeliae Chinensis overground parts of table 2 greenhouse earth culture condition
Embodiment 4
Adopt the field plot trial method, select smeltery's periphery contaminated soil, if three sub-districts of 1 * 1m2, digging behind the whole ground at a distance of 3～5m in the minizone, transplants Herba Lobeliae Chinensis planting stock (planting stock is cultivated with reference to example 2), suitably apply fertilizer, watering is preserved moisture as required later on, and after 50 days, harvesting for the first time; Harvesting was for the second time, for the third time respectively after 40 days, 50 days.Record Herba Lobeliae Chinensis overground part dry weight is analyzed its cadmium content, calculates the cadmium extracted amount, sees Table 3.As can be seen, under the natural condition, three harvestings of Herba Lobeliae Chinensis can both be from the soil extract cadmium in the open air.Extract cadmium 54.1ug/m2 altogether three times,, amount to every mu and can extract cadmium 36.1g by this extracted amount conversion.
The biomass and the cadmium content of following three the harvesting Herba Lobeliae Chinensis overground parts of the natural part of table 3
Claims (7)
1. the herbaceous plant Herba Lobeliae Chinensis is applied to enrichment and extracts the method for cadmium in the contaminated soil.
2. method according to claim 1 comprises that the stolon with Herba Lobeliae Chinensis obtains the Herba Lobeliae Chinensis planting stock by nourishing and generating, and transplants in cadmium pollution soil, adopts once harvesting mode repeatedly of plantation, and the cadmium in the contaminated soil is extracted in enrichment continuously.
3. method according to claim 2, Herba Lobeliae Chinensis planting stock culturing process comprises: the cuttage of Herba Lobeliae Chinensis stolon is cultivated in soil, after treating that branch sends many sprays on the stolon, cut spray, joint on the spray is no less than 10, tender lower end immersed in the water, to promote the adventive root growth; After treating that adventive root grows, adopt nutritive medium to cultivate again, obtain the planting stock of Herba Lobeliae Chinensis, be used for transplanting.
4. method according to claim 3, the culture condition of Herba Lobeliae Chinensis planting stock is the illumination that is provided by fluorescent lamp, and intensity is 280～400 μ mol photon m-2S-1, light application time 10～14 hours, the daytime/night temperature be 25～28 ℃/18～20 ℃, relative air humidity is 60～70%RH.
5. method according to claim 2, the mode that described plantation is once gathered in repeatedly is: Herba Lobeliae Chinensis is nourished and generated transplantation of seedlings to cadmium pollution soil, the end of waiting to nourish and grow, when bud forms, the harvesting over-ground part; Watering of harvesting back and coating film and sunshade net are preserved moisture and sunshade, to promote the growth of Herba Lobeliae Chinensis regrowth, treat that regrowth grows into bud stage and gathers in once more, so repeatedly.
6. method according to claim 4, the mode that described plantation is once gathered in repeatedly is: Herba Lobeliae Chinensis is nourished and generated transplantation of seedlings to cadmium pollution soil, the end of waiting to nourish and grow, when bud forms, the harvesting over-ground part; Watering of harvesting back and coating film and sunshade net are preserved moisture and sunshade, to promote the growth of Herba Lobeliae Chinensis regrowth, treat that regrowth grows into bud stage and gathers in once more, so repeatedly.
7. according to each described method of claim 1-6, it is characterized in that: the Herba Lobeliae Chinensis that is enriched with cadmium of harvesting is dried or dries, and burns the back and obtains biological ore in sand form, carries out the recovery of cadmium; Or directly reclaim cadmium by pyrolysis.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104759455A (en) * | 2015-03-09 | 2015-07-08 | 湖南省环境保护科学研究院 | Applications of perennial herb hydrocotyle sibthorpioides in enrichment and extraction of cadmium and other heavy metals in polluted soil |
| CN106069038A (en) * | 2016-06-21 | 2016-11-09 | 重庆市中药研究院 | A kind of pollution containing plantation river, cadmium soil party plant is intervened and land method |
| CN106856922A (en) * | 2017-02-14 | 2017-06-20 | 邵阳学院 | Chinese lobelia cuttage breeding method |
| CN108504862A (en) * | 2018-02-05 | 2018-09-07 | 桂林理工大学 | A method of it is extracted from cadmium and recycles cadmium in plant harvest object |
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| CN101462119A (en) * | 2007-12-19 | 2009-06-24 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | Method for repairing and treating soil with cadmium pollution using flowering plant Indian marigold |
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Patent Citations (2)
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| CN101462119A (en) * | 2007-12-19 | 2009-06-24 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | Method for repairing and treating soil with cadmium pollution using flowering plant Indian marigold |
| CN101954372A (en) * | 2010-09-14 | 2011-01-26 | 南京农业大学 | Application of jerusalem artichokes in repairing cadmium (Cd) polluted environment |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104759455A (en) * | 2015-03-09 | 2015-07-08 | 湖南省环境保护科学研究院 | Applications of perennial herb hydrocotyle sibthorpioides in enrichment and extraction of cadmium and other heavy metals in polluted soil |
| CN106069038A (en) * | 2016-06-21 | 2016-11-09 | 重庆市中药研究院 | A kind of pollution containing plantation river, cadmium soil party plant is intervened and land method |
| CN106856922A (en) * | 2017-02-14 | 2017-06-20 | 邵阳学院 | Chinese lobelia cuttage breeding method |
| CN106856922B (en) * | 2017-02-14 | 2020-02-04 | 邵阳学院 | Cutting propagation method of Chinese lobelia |
| CN108504862A (en) * | 2018-02-05 | 2018-09-07 | 桂林理工大学 | A method of it is extracted from cadmium and recycles cadmium in plant harvest object |
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Application publication date: 20111214 |