CN102274435A - Traditional Chinese medicine for treating acne - Google Patents

Traditional Chinese medicine for treating acne Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN102274435A
CN102274435A CN2011102319060A CN201110231906A CN102274435A CN 102274435 A CN102274435 A CN 102274435A CN 2011102319060 A CN2011102319060 A CN 2011102319060A CN 201110231906 A CN201110231906 A CN 201110231906A CN 102274435 A CN102274435 A CN 102274435A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
parts
radix
chinese medicine
root
traditional chinese
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN2011102319060A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
谢培德
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Chengdu LVDI Technology Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Chengdu LVDI Technology Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Chengdu LVDI Technology Co Ltd filed Critical Chengdu LVDI Technology Co Ltd
Priority to CN2011102319060A priority Critical patent/CN102274435A/en
Publication of CN102274435A publication Critical patent/CN102274435A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Abstract

The invention provides a traditional Chinese medicine for treating acne. The traditional Chinese medicine is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 8-12 parts of fineleaf schizonepeta herb, 8-12 parts of divaricate saposhnikovia root, 8-12 parts of baical skullcap root, 8-12 parts of dahurian angelica root, 8-12 parts of platycodon root, 8-12 parts of common ducksmeat herb, 8-12 parts of tree peony bark, 8-12 parts of spina gleditsiae, 16-24 parts of unprepared fleece-flower toot, 16-24 parts of lightyellow sophora root, 16-24 parts of glabrous greenbrier rhizome and 12-18 parts of twotooth achyranthes root. The traditional Chinese medicine formula provided by the invention has the effects of enriching yin, nourishing kidney, promoting blood circulation by removing blood stasis, clearing heat and eliminating toxicant. A plurality of Chinese medicinal components supplement each other, so that the effects of cooling blood, dissolving purpura, clearing heat-dampness of sanjiao, dispelling wind and eliminating heat. The traditional Chinese medicine has the effects of regulating internal secretion of a mechanism, maintaining in-vivo hormonal balance, facilitating sebum metabolism and inhibiting bacteria growth, has a remarkable curative effect, and does not have any toxic or side effect.

Description

A kind of Chinese medicine for the treatment of acne
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Chinese medicine for the treatment of acne.
Background technology
Acne is commonly called as " comedo ", is " pimples ", " acne ", " whelk ", " skin sore " etc. again, is because hair follicle and sebaceous gland are blocked a kind of chronic inflammatory disease dermatoses that inflammation caused.The factor that acne takes place is varied, stops up but the most direct factor is exactly a pore.After pore stopped up, the oils and fats row of hair follicle the inside did not come out, the one by one little small pox of cumulative just formation.
Doctor trained in Western medicine thinks that the endogenous cause of ill that acne produces is the endocrine function imbalance, and androgen secretion increases or increases relatively, stimulates the exdermoptosis hypertrophy, and the secretion oil quantity increases.The exopathogenic factor that directly brings out comprises neural Nervous and Mental Factors, dietary factor, medicine factor, cosmetics and skin nursing factor etc.
The traditional Chinese medical science is thought face nose and thoracic dorsal subordinate lung, and primary disease is often hindered due to the skin by wind and heat in the lung meridian; Or because of surfeit delicious food, greasy, maror, the taste intrinsic heat is given birth in damp and hot, fumigates in face to form; Or because of the body in youth, in the green, sun heat rises, and fights mutually with wind and cold, due to the strongly fragrant resistance skin.
Doctor trained in Western medicine often adopts antibiotic, gonadal hormone, retinoid to wait and treats acne, though certain effect is arranged, controls in table do not control, and the intrinsic factor that bring out acne still exist, and have certain side effect with these chemotherapys.
 
Summary of the invention
Problem at above-mentioned prior art exists the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of Chinese medicine for the treatment of acne, and it is for depositing Chinese medicine preparation, and therapeutic effect is remarkable, no side effects.
In order to address the above problem, the present invention by the following technical solutions:
A kind of Chinese medicine for the treatment of acne, in weight portion, comprise following composition: Herba Schizonepetae 8-12, Radix Saposhnikoviae 8-12, Radix Scutellariae 8-12, Radix Angelicae Dahuricae 8-12, Radix Platycodonis 8-12, Herba Spirodelae 8-12, Cortex Moutan 8-12, Spina Gleditsiae 8-12, Radix Polygoni Multiflori 16-24, Radix Sophorae Flavescentis 16-24, Rhizoma Smilacis Glabrae 16-24 and Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae 12-18.
Chinese medical discrimination thinks that acne is that the lung stomach is damp and hot, and lung meridian diseases caused by exogenous pathogenic factor ailment said due to cold or exposure is fumigated in lung, the exopathogen invading the interior heat-transformation, and damp and hot going up steamed due to the face.
Its pharmacology analysis is:
Herba Schizonepetae: suffering, tepor.Return lung, Liver Channel.The diffusing wind that induces sweat, rash, the skin ulcer that disappears, hemostasis." the southern regions of the Yunnan Province book on Chinese herbal medicine " note " Herba Schizonepetae, all wind of last refresh oneself end headache, make eye bright, and separate lung, liver, throat burning pain, and detumescence removes all poison, disperses carbuncle sore ".The Herba Schizonepetae decoct has stronger antibacterial action to staphylococcus aureus and diphtheria corynebacterium.
Radix Saposhnikoviae: acrid in the mouth, sweet, slightly warm in nature.Return bladder, liver, spleen channel.Cure mainly diseases caused by exogenous pathogenic factor exterior syndrome, rubella pruritus, rheumatic arthralgia, tetanus.So " book on Chinese herbal medicine is looked for the truth " note " with the Radix Saposhnikoviae Herba Schizonepetae person that must hold concurrently, can be gone into skin a surname with it and loose ear ".
Radix Scutellariae: hardship, cold.Return lung, gallbladder, spleen, large intestine, small intestine meridian.Heat clearing and damp drying, eliminating fire and detoxication, hemostasis, antiabortive, blood pressure lowering.Be used for hygropyrexia, fever disease in summer vomiting and nausea uncomfortable in chest, damp and hot feeling of fullness, dysentery, jaundice, the cough due to lung-heat, the hyperpyrexia excessive thirst, heat in blood is told nosebleed, carbuncle sore tumefacting virus, frequent fetal movement.
The Radix Angelicae Dahuricae: warm in nature, acrid in the mouth is little sweet.Go into lung, spleen, stomach warp.Expelling pathogenic wind from the body surface, dispersing cold for relieving pain, sensible, the detumescence and apocenosis of dehumidifying.Can improve microcirculation in human body, promote skin metabolism, eliminate pigment and in tissue, excessively pile up, remove the facial colour spot cicatrix, treatment skin bleb wound scabies etc.Shennong's Herbal is pointed out the Radix Angelicae Dahuricae: " longue skin.Moist color can be made face fat.”
Radix Platycodonis: bitter in the mouth, suffering, slightly warm in nature.Go into lung meridian.The kikyosaponin crude product has calmness, analgesia and central inhibitory action such as analgesic, and antiinflammatory and relieving cough and expelling phlegm, blood vessel dilating, blood pressure lowering, antiulcer action are arranged.Kikyosaponin has stronger antiinflammatory action to acute and chronic inflammatory disease.
Herba Spirodelae: acrid in the mouth, cold.Go into lung meridian.Control the skin wind heat, living urticaria all over (" health preserving must be used the side ").
Cortex Moutan: cold in nature, bitter in the mouth; Cool; Be slightly cold.GUIXIN, liver, kidney, lung meridian.Bitter cold among the clearing away heat and cooling blood, is good at the dissipating blood stasis eliminating carbuncle.It is flourishing to control fire-toxin, carbuncle sore tumefacting virus.
Spina Gleditsiae: suffering, temperature.Return liver, stomach warp, the evacuation of pus of drawing out pus by applying a plaster to the affected part, promoting blood circulation and detumescence.Be used for carbuncle, sore, pus do not become to burst scabies.
Radix Polygoni Multiflori: sweet, hardship, property is flat.GUIXIN, liver, large intestine channel.Detoxifcation, eliminating carbuncle, loosening bowel to relieve constipation are used for the treatment of scrofula carbuncle sore, rubella pruritus, dryness of the intestine constipation.
Radix Sophorae Flavescentis: cold in nature, heat clearing and damp drying is arranged, parasiticidal effect, Radix Sophorae Flavescentis is bathed can remove damp-heat in lower-JIAO, and killing parasites for relieving itching, and skin pruritus is had good mitigation, can Bergamot Mint Extract, mediation and convergence pore are removed skin endotoxin impurity, abundant herbal nutrition, promote the growth and the reparation of damaged blood vessels neurocyte, recover subcutaneous blood capillary cell viability, the skin reproduction is compacted fine and smooth, plays the effect of beauty and skin care." property of medicine opinion " note: control pyretic toxicity wind, the irritated skin ulcer of giving birth to of musculus cutaneus, red leprosy eyebrow takes off, and is main drowsiness except that big heat, controls cold type of pain in the abdomen, attacked by pestiferous factors stomachache, it is vexed to remove body, controls epigastric and abdominal masses.
Rhizoma Smilacis Glabrae: sweet light, flat.Return Liver Channel, stomach warp, spleen channel.Detoxifcation, dehumidifying, sharp joint.Cure mainly stranguria with turbid discharge, muscles and bones spasm and pain, beriberi, furuncle treatment skin ulcer, carbuncle, scrofula.Furuncle carbuncle, sore throat remove whole body cold-damp, malignant boil (" book on Chinese herbal medicine just ").
Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae: bitter, sour, property is put down.Return liver, kidney channel.Invigorating the liver and kidney; Bone and muscle strengthening; Promoting blood circulation to restore menstrual flow; It is descending to ignite; Inducing diuresis for treating stranguria syndrome.The disease that Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae is led, on the whole wine then can invigorating the liver and kidney, give birth to then removing stagnant blood, the two.It controls that waist kneecap pain, flaccidity of the lower limbs, the moon disappear, mistake is drowned, chronic malaria, all diseases of damaging the spleen and stomach weak breath, the non-merit Yu that gets its invigorating the liver and kidney.It is controlled lump in the abdomen, all pains of trusted subordinate, carbuncle malignant boil, incised wound folding wound, larynx tooth pouring pain, hematuria, produces all diseases, non-its the merit Yu that removes stagnant blood (" detailed outline ") that gets through waiting tire.
Selected person in the side is for the lung heat clearing stomach is damp and hot, the diseases caused by exogenous pathogenic factor of dispelling ailment said due to cold or exposure, the drug regimen of promoting blood circulation to remove blood stasis.The Herba Schizonepetae diffusing wind that induces sweat in the side; The Radix Scutellariae heat clearing and damp drying, eliminating fire and detoxication; Radix Saposhnikoviae cures mainly diseases caused by exogenous pathogenic factor exterior syndrome, rubella pruritus; The Radix Sophorae Flavescentis heat clearing and damp drying; All medicine mutual reinforcements between are monarch drug for using altogether.The Rhizoma Smilacis Glabrae detoxifcation, dehumidifying; Radix Angelicae Dahuricae expelling pathogenic wind from the body surface, detumescence and apocenosis improve microcirculation in human body, promote skin metabolism; Herba Spirodelae is controlled the skin wind heat; Radix Polygoni Multiflori detoxifcation relieving constipation, this three medicines mutual reinforcement between be for being to be ministerial drug, with the merit of the removing summer-heat pathogenic fire purging of helping its monarch drug, is aided with the effect of detoxifcation, toxin expelling.The Spina Gleditsiae detumescence and apocenosis kindly can be attacked diffusingly, thinks messenger drug.The Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae inducing diuresis for treating stranguria syndrome, the invigorating the liver and kidney of holding concurrently consolidates toxin expelling.All medicines are played heat clearing and damp drying, wind and heat eliminating, diuresis detoxifcation altogether, are the effectively prescription of treatment acne.
Chinese medicine preparation of the present invention can adopt dosage forms such as tablet, granule, pill, capsule, solution, oral liquid, buccal tablet, granule, electuary, powder, suspensoid, powder, preferably, can adopt solution, tablet, granule and pill.
Result of use:
The treatment group: select experimenter's 50 examples, 25 routine male wherein, 25 routine women, age 15-30 year, take Chinese medicine of the present invention twice sooner or later, continue 1 month.
Matched group: select experimenter's 50 examples, 25 routine male wherein, 25 routine women, age 15-30 year, use oral tetracycline, external retinoic acid cream is treated, and continues 1 month.
Judgment criteria: skin symptom disappears, and is no abnormal for curing; Acne obviously reduces, and skin lesion disappears more than 50% to effective; Symptom does not have and relaxes or skin lesion does not have substantially and disappears to invalid.
Continued treatment is after 1 course of treatment, and the result shows, healing number 37 people in the treatment group; Effective number 11 people; Invalid number 2 people, overall effective percentage reaches 94%.And healing number 13 people in the matched group; Effective number 28 people; Invalid number 9 people; Overall effective percentage is 82%.
Chinese medicine preparation provided by the present invention has enriching yin and nourishing kidney, blood circulation promoting and blood stasis dispelling, the effect of heat clearing away toxin expelling concurrently, and the plurality of Chinese composition complements each other, blood cooling and ecchymoses removing, clearing away damp-heat from SANJIAO, wind-dispelling heat-dissipating.Regulate organism endocrine, keep the hormone in vivo balance, promote sebum metabolism, bacteria growing inhibiting.Therapeutic effect is remarkable, has no side effect.
The specific embodiment
In order to understand the present invention better, the present invention is described below by embodiment.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of Chinese medicine for the treatment of acne in weight portion, comprises following composition:
Herba Schizonepetae 8, Radix Saposhnikoviae 8, Radix Scutellariae 8, the Radix Angelicae Dahuricae 8, Radix Platycodonis 8, Herba Spirodelae 8, Cortex Moutan 8, Spina Gleditsiae 8, Radix Polygoni Multiflori 16, Radix Sophorae Flavescentis 16, Rhizoma Smilacis Glabrae 16-and Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae 12.
Its preparation method is as follows:
Get Herba Schizonepetae 8, Radix Saposhnikoviae 8, Radix Scutellariae 8, the Radix Angelicae Dahuricae 8, Radix Platycodonis 8, Herba Spirodelae 8, Cortex Moutan 8, Spina Gleditsiae 8, Radix Polygoni Multiflori 16, Radix Sophorae Flavescentis 16, Rhizoma Smilacis Glabrae 16 and Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae 12;
Above-mentioned Chinese medicine is cleaned, and decontamination is put into container and is added water and do not have medical material to soak, and after 30 minutes, big fire decocts to boiling, and slow fire was endured 1 hour slowly then;
Medicine juice is leached, bag distribution packaging, one bag of 200ml sooner or later respectively obeys one bag, and 1 month is a course of treatment.
Embodiment 2
A kind of Chinese medicine for the treatment of acne in weight portion, comprises following composition:
Herba Schizonepetae 12, Radix Saposhnikoviae 12, Radix Scutellariae 12, the Radix Angelicae Dahuricae 12, Radix Platycodonis 12, Herba Spirodelae 12, Cortex Moutan 12, Spina Gleditsiae 12, Radix Polygoni Multiflori 24, Radix Sophorae Flavescentis 24, Rhizoma Smilacis Glabrae 24 and Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae 18.
Its preparation method is as follows:
Get Herba Schizonepetae 12, Radix Saposhnikoviae 12, Radix Scutellariae 12, the Radix Angelicae Dahuricae 12, Radix Platycodonis 12, Herba Spirodelae 12, Cortex Moutan 12, Spina Gleditsiae 12, Radix Polygoni Multiflori 24, Radix Sophorae Flavescentis 24, Rhizoma Smilacis Glabrae 24 and Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae 18; Cleaning, drying mix above-mentioned medical material, and per kilogram adds about 10L water, and 0.5-1 at a simmer hour, big fire was fried in shallow oil 1-2 hour; Get decocting liquid and cross 150 mesh sieves, the back is concentrated into the clear paste of relative density 1.10-1.20 with concentrator, gets 2/3 clear paste 120 ℃ of following spray dryinges, the clear paste powder, powder is mixed granulation with residue 1/3 clear paste; The packing of granule racking machine promptly gets granule.
Embodiment 3
A kind of Chinese medicine for the treatment of acne in weight portion, comprises following composition:
Herba Schizonepetae 10, Radix Saposhnikoviae 10, Radix Scutellariae 10, the Radix Angelicae Dahuricae 10, Radix Platycodonis 10, Herba Spirodelae 10, Cortex Moutan 10, Spina Gleditsiae 10, Radix Polygoni Multiflori 20, Radix Sophorae Flavescentis 20, Rhizoma Smilacis Glabrae 20 and Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae 15.
Its preparation method is as follows:
Get Herba Schizonepetae 10, Radix Saposhnikoviae 10, Radix Scutellariae 10, the Radix Angelicae Dahuricae 10, Radix Platycodonis 10, Herba Spirodelae 10, Cortex Moutan 10, Spina Gleditsiae 10, Radix Polygoni Multiflori 20, Radix Sophorae Flavescentis 20, Rhizoma Smilacis Glabrae 20 and Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae 15; Cleaning, drying mix above-mentioned medical material, and per kilogram adds about 10L water, and 0.5-1 at a simmer hour, big fire was fried in shallow oil 1-2 hour; Get decocting liquid and cross 150 mesh sieves, the back is concentrated into the clear paste of relative density 1.10-1.20 with concentrator, gets 2/3 clear paste 120 ℃ of following spray dryinges, the clear paste powder, powder is mixed granulation with residue 1/3 clear paste; Add suitable adjuvant magnesium stearate, the tablet machine tabletting, coating promptly gets tablet.
Embodiment 4
Get Herba Schizonepetae 10, Radix Saposhnikoviae 10, Radix Scutellariae 10, the Radix Angelicae Dahuricae 10, Radix Platycodonis 10, Herba Spirodelae 10, Cortex Moutan 10, Spina Gleditsiae 10, Radix Polygoni Multiflori 20, Radix Sophorae Flavescentis 20, Rhizoma Smilacis Glabrae 20 and Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae 15; Above-mentioned medical material is mixed, and pulverizing with pulverizer is 150-180 order fine powder, add suitable Mel and mix, and the pellet processing machine pill, cold drying, packing promptly gets pill.

Claims (4)

1. Chinese medicine for the treatment of acne, it is characterized in that, in weight portion, comprise following composition: Herba Schizonepetae 8-12, Radix Saposhnikoviae 8-12, Radix Scutellariae 8-12, Radix Angelicae Dahuricae 8-12, Radix Platycodonis 8-12, Herba Spirodelae 8-12, Cortex Moutan 8-12, Spina Gleditsiae 8-12, Radix Polygoni Multiflori 16-24, Radix Sophorae Flavescentis 16-24, Rhizoma Smilacis Glabrae 16-24 and Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae 12-18.
2. Chinese medicine for the treatment of acne, it is characterized in that, in weight portion, preferably include following composition: Herba Schizonepetae 10, Radix Saposhnikoviae 10, Radix Scutellariae 10, the Radix Angelicae Dahuricae 10, Radix Platycodonis 10, Herba Spirodelae 10, Cortex Moutan 10, Spina Gleditsiae 10, Radix Polygoni Multiflori 20, Radix Sophorae Flavescentis 20, Rhizoma Smilacis Glabrae 20 and Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae 15.
3. Chinese medicine according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, described Chinese medicine adopts tablet, granule, pill, capsule, solution, oral liquid, buccal tablet, granule, electuary, powder, suspensoid, powder.
4. Chinese medicine according to claim 3 is characterized in that, described Chinese medicine adopts solution, tablet, granule and pill.
CN2011102319060A 2011-08-15 2011-08-15 Traditional Chinese medicine for treating acne Pending CN102274435A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN2011102319060A CN102274435A (en) 2011-08-15 2011-08-15 Traditional Chinese medicine for treating acne

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN2011102319060A CN102274435A (en) 2011-08-15 2011-08-15 Traditional Chinese medicine for treating acne

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN102274435A true CN102274435A (en) 2011-12-14

Family

ID=45100378

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN2011102319060A Pending CN102274435A (en) 2011-08-15 2011-08-15 Traditional Chinese medicine for treating acne

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN102274435A (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104906459A (en) * 2015-05-25 2015-09-16 济南正骐生物科技有限公司 Traditional Chinese medicine for treating damp poison type acne and preparing method thereof
CN106912781A (en) * 2015-12-27 2017-07-04 谢立颖 Preparation method with the composition for making Fengshun Shui Broad-rice-noodles that prevents acne function and Fengshun Shui Broad-rice-noodles

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104906459A (en) * 2015-05-25 2015-09-16 济南正骐生物科技有限公司 Traditional Chinese medicine for treating damp poison type acne and preparing method thereof
CN106912781A (en) * 2015-12-27 2017-07-04 谢立颖 Preparation method with the composition for making Fengshun Shui Broad-rice-noodles that prevents acne function and Fengshun Shui Broad-rice-noodles

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN103071128B (en) Externally-applied plaster for curing dysmenorrhea
CN102755596B (en) Traditional Chinese medicine for treating phlegm-dampness hyperplasia of mammary glands and preparation method thereof
CN102366541B (en) Traditional Chinese medicine composition for treatment of diabetes
CN102247562A (en) Chinese medicinal formula for treating acne
CN104069474A (en) Traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating seborrheic alopecia and preparation method thereof
CN102935185B (en) Pills for treating neurasthenia and preparation method
CN102579818B (en) Traditional Tibetan medicine composition, preparation method thereof and application
CN104873828A (en) Chinese herba preparation for treating radioactive skin injury and preparation method thereof
CN102274435A (en) Traditional Chinese medicine for treating acne
CN102274420A (en) Chinese medicinal composition for treating acnes
CN103977367A (en) Traditional Chinese medicament for treating qi-stagnation blood-aggregation type bedsore and preparation method thereof
CN102247473A (en) Chinese medicinal formula for treating whelk
CN102274338A (en) Chinese patent medicine for treating acne
CN103860787B (en) The external application Chinese medicine of the treatment acne containing flower clam effective ingredient
CN102366469A (en) Drug for treating leucoderma
CN104800610A (en) Traditional Chinese medicine preparation for treating Parkinson's disease and preparation method thereof
CN106039240A (en) Traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating mammary fibroadenoma
CN102274434A (en) Chinese medicine for treating whelk
CN104800772A (en) Traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating vital-energy-depression type coronary heart disease and application of traditional Chinese medicine composition
CN102274465A (en) Traditional Chinese medicine for treating acnes
CN103006999B (en) Pill for preventing, curing and nursing renal calculi
CN102247496A (en) Chinese patent drug for treating acne
CN106310082A (en) Kidney-tonifying traditional Chinese medicine composition and preparation method thereof
CN102247474A (en) Chinese patent medicament for treating acne
CN1289123C (en) Medicine for treating late malignant tumour

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C06 Publication
PB01 Publication
C02 Deemed withdrawal of patent application after publication (patent law 2001)
WD01 Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication

Application publication date: 20111214