CN102270773A - Equalization method of low-loss large-current power battery - Google Patents
Equalization method of low-loss large-current power battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN102270773A CN102270773A CN2010101924085A CN201010192408A CN102270773A CN 102270773 A CN102270773 A CN 102270773A CN 2010101924085 A CN2010101924085 A CN 2010101924085A CN 201010192408 A CN201010192408 A CN 201010192408A CN 102270773 A CN102270773 A CN 102270773A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an equalization method of a low-loss large-current power battery. In the method, full symmetry is performed topologically; a node A and a node K are connected with the anode and the cathode of a single battery; an energy storage unit L is an inductive device and particularly can be a soft magnetic core transformer or a coupling coil and the like; a Q1 and a Q2 are low-conduction impedance power metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors (MOSEFTs) and used for switching on/off a control switch and reducing conduction loss; an absorber S1 and an absorber S2 are connected to the two ends of the energy storage unit and used for suppressing peak voltage generated by the MOSEFTs during disconnecting of a current signal; and because the battery works at a higher switch frequency, a switch pipe diving circuit is needed to be increased to provide appropriate gate voltage and driving current. Therefore, a battery pack can be charged with large current in the post charging period, and the charging time is greatly shortened. During discharging, the capacity of each battery in the battery pack is fully utilized by balanced discharging, the discharging time is prolonged, and the effect of prolonging the service life of the battery is further achieved.
Description
The invention belongs to the balancing technique field in the battery management system, what relate generally to is the battery balanced method of a kind of low-loss great current power.
In the application scenario of electrokinetic cell as energy storage units, high-power in order to satisfy, jumbo needs are unified into battery strings group usually and use.Yet,, caused a series of problem, such as cycle life shortening, utilization ratio reduction, management maintenance difficulty etc. owing to certainly exist inconsistency between cell.Especially for the strict lithium dynamical battery of charging/discharging voltage, these problems show particularly outstandingly, have influenced the development of new forms of energy industries to a certain extent.Therefore, utilizing balancing technique to solve the problem that inconsistency is brought effectively, improve the user mode of battery, is an important topic in the battery applications research.
According to the extent of deterioration of energy in the balanced opening process, equilibrium can be divided into loss-type and harmless type (be not harmless fully, refer to low-loss).Wherein, loss-type is mainly based on the method for the controlled shunting of power resistor, generally be used to realize charge balancing, each cell all is parallel with diverter branch, the energy of the battery form with heat can be distributed when needing, because caloric value is big, this mode can't realize big current balance, and euqalizing current is not more than 2A usually.Harmless type then mainly carries out energy based on energy-storage travelling wave tubes such as transformer, inductance, electric capacity to be shifted, and can work under charging, discharge or static state, and energy loss is less in the balancing procedure, thereby caloric value is little, and euqalizing current generally can be accomplished more than the 5A.At present common low-loss type equalization methods mainly contains cross-over connection capacitance method, repeatedly level transformer method, DC/DC converter technique etc., yet also exists control circuit complexity, dumb, the high problem more or less of cost of structure.In addition, for the application scenario that requires quick charge, the euqalizing current that now can reach can't meet the demands.
At above these problems, the present invention is based on the low-loss shunting principle and proposed the electrokinetic cell equalization methods that a kind of charge and discharge balancing electric current can reach 30A.Thereby make battery pack still can charge, shortened the charging interval greatly with big electric current in the charging later stage.In discharge process, make full use of the capacity of every batteries in the battery pack by balanced discharge, prolong discharge time, and then reach and prolong the battery effect in useful life.
The present invention realizes that the technical scheme that above-mentioned purpose is taked is: equalizing circuit complete symmetry on topology, and wherein, node A and K are connected the both positive and negative polarity of cell respectively; Energy storage units L is an inductive element, specifically can be soft magnetic core transformer or coupling coil etc.; Q1 and Q2 are for low on-state impedance power MOSFET, as make-and-break control switch, to reduce on-state loss; Absorber S1 and S2 are connected to the two ends of energy-storage units, are used to suppress the due to voltage spikes that MOSFET is produced when the turn-off current signal; Owing to be operated in higher switching frequency, must increase the switching tube drive circuit so that suitable gate voltage and drive current to be provided.
Operation principle of the present invention is: when equalizer is worked, the Q1 closure, the transformer primary current that is attached thereto increases gradually, and store energy is in magnetic core and air gap, before magnetic core is saturated, Q1 is disconnected closed Q2 of while, the sense of current of change equalizer, by the transformer secondary portion of energy is transferred to battery, when electric current is decreased to 0, can select to disconnect Q2, finish a balanced cycle.Inhomogeneous for fear of Q1 and Q2 heating, the part that the next balanced cycle will link to each other with Q2 is regarded former limit as, at first Q2 conducting, closed Q1 when disconnecting Q2 then.So cycle alternation operation can realize stable euqalizing current.The adjusting of euqalizing current realizes that by the size that changes the balanced cycle the variable intermittent time of insertion gets final product behind a normal balanced end cycle, if the intermittent time is 0, then reaches maximum euqalizing current.The schematic diagram in balanced cycle as shown in Figure 2.T is a complete balanced cycle, and Toff is the intermittent time.
As seen from the above description, the operating state on Q1 and Q2 both sides is identical, thereby does not have the uneven problem of heating, and former limit of also not strict differentiation and time limit are operated simpler in control.
When using, each cell is installed 1 equalizer, has thoroughly realized modularization, makes battery flexibility in groups reach optimum.
Below the operation principle of equalizer in charging and the discharge process is described.
Fig. 1 is a charge balancing system works principle schematic of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a control timing principle schematic of the present invention.
Fig. 3 a is not activated balanced state principle schematic for the present invention.
Fig. 3 b is the euqalizing current principle schematic.
Fig. 3 c is the state principle schematic that euqalizing current equals charging current.
Fig. 4 is an equalization discharge system works principle schematic,
Fig. 5 is the system architecture diagram of equalizer.
It below is a specific embodiment of this equalization methods.
In order to cooperate the reliability service of equalizing circuit, equalizer itself also must possess the monitoring function of cell parameter, mainly comprises the monitoring of cell voltage, temperature, also communication interface must be arranged in addition, can carry out communication with the BMS controller.
Fig. 3 a is not activated balanced state, flows through that the electric current of each cell is I in the battery pack
0In the charging later stage, because the inconsistency of battery always has the voltage rising of individual cell very fast, take the lead in reaching the equilibrium point, need to open equilibrium this moment, the rising of control voltage is continued the large current charge process.
Be without loss of generality, suppose that the 2nd batteries voltage surpasses balanced starting point voltage, the equalizer 2 that then is attached thereto starts equalization function.Euqalizing current can be provided with according to application need, and Fig. 3 b is euqalizing current I
2Less than charging current I
0State, this moment be equivalent to battery 2 with less electric current I
1Charge; Fig. 3 c is the state that euqalizing current equals charging current, and be equivalent to battery 2 and do not charge this moment, and charging current flows through from equalizer 2 fully, continues to give other battery charge.
Owing to work alone between each equalizer, do not influence each other, therefore in charging process, can start one or more equalizers simultaneously.
Fig. 4 is an equalization discharge system works principle schematic, by the battery pack that the N batteries is composed in series load is discharged.In actual applications, discharging current contains a large amount of transient signals usually, is unfavorable for the control of euqalizing current, but its basis equalization principle is constant, for the ease of analyzing, is that example describes its principle with fixing discharging current still below.
Wherein Fig. 4 a is not activated balanced state, and at this moment, the discharging current of all batteries all equates; When the voltage of certain battery is reduced to equalization discharge point, the balanced unlatching.Equally, suppose that the 2nd batteries reaches the equilibrium point earlier, Fig. 4 b is the state of euqalizing current less than discharging current, and this moment, battery 2 was with less current I
1Provide energy to load; Fig. 4 c is the state that euqalizing current equals discharging current; this moment, battery 2 no longer provided energy to load; but provide a discharge path by equalizer 2; under this two states; equalizer has been protected the less battery of capacity in varying degrees, finally makes all batteries in the battery pack reach consistent relatively depth of discharge.
Equally, in discharge process, also can open one or more equalizers simultaneously.
Fig. 5 is the system architecture diagram of equalizer.It comprises modules such as boosting inverter, equalizing circuit, temperature monitoring, voltage detecting, Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system, two-way isolation and communication interface.Wherein boosting inverter is used for cell voltage is transformed to the stable voltage output signal of two-way, wherein one tunnel driving that is used for equalizing circuit, and another road powers to Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system; Equalizing circuit is the power section of equalizer, is the circulation path of euqalizing current; The temperature monitoring module is used for measuring in real time the temperature of battery, and the voltage monitoring module is used for measuring in real time the voltage of battery, and these two groups of data of temperature and voltage are handled the back through single-chip microcomputer and outwards sent; Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system is the control core of equalizer, controls the operating state of equalizer according to the parameter of battery; Equalizer is connected with management host by communication interface, owing to have very high common-mode voltage to exist after the multiple batteries series connection, must use two-way buffer circuit that communication interface is isolated.
Claims (5)
1. battery balanced method of low-loss great current power is characterized in that: symmetry fully on topology, and wherein, node A and K are connected the both positive and negative polarity of cell respectively; Energy storage units L is an inductive element, specifically can be soft magnetic core transformer or coupling coil etc.; Q1 and Q2 are for low on-state impedance power MOSFET, as make-and-break control switch, to reduce on-state loss; Absorber S1 and S2 are connected to the two ends of energy-storage units, are used to suppress the due to voltage spikes that MOSFET is produced when the turn-off current signal; Owing to be operated in higher switching frequency, must increase the switching tube drive circuit so that suitable gate voltage and drive current to be provided.
2. the battery balanced method of a kind of low-loss great current power according to claim 1 is characterized in that: when described equalizer is worked, and the Q1 closure, the transformer primary current that is attached thereto increases gradually, store energy before magnetic core is saturated, disconnects Q1 in magnetic core and air gap, closed Q2 of while, change the sense of current of equalizer, by the transformer secondary portion of energy is transferred to battery, when electric current is decreased to 0, can select to disconnect Q2, finish a balanced cycle.
3. the battery balanced method of a kind of low-loss great current power according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: it comprises modules such as boosting inverter, equalizing circuit, temperature monitoring, voltage detecting, Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system, two-way isolation and communication interface described equalizer, wherein boosting inverter is used for cell voltage is transformed to the stable voltage output signal of two-way, wherein one tunnel driving that is used for equalizing circuit, another road powers to Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system.
4. the battery balanced method of a kind of low-loss great current power according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the equalizing circuit of described equalizer is the power section of equalizer, is the circulation path of euqalizing current; The temperature monitoring module is used for measuring in real time the temperature of battery, and the voltage monitoring module is used for measuring in real time the voltage of battery, and these two groups of data of temperature and voltage are handled the back through single-chip microcomputer and outwards sent.
5. the battery balanced method of a kind of low-loss great current power according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the control core that described equal Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system is an equalizer, according to the operating state of the parameter of battery control equalizer; Equalizer is connected with management host by communication interface, owing to have very high common-mode voltage to exist after the multiple batteries series connection, must use two-way buffer circuit that communication interface is isolated.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112104039A (en) * | 2020-09-14 | 2020-12-18 | 北京理工大学 | Non-contact power battery charging and balancing device |
| CN117081219A (en) * | 2023-10-17 | 2023-11-17 | 东方旭能(山东)科技发展有限公司 | EMS energy storage energy management system |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2007145463A1 (en) * | 2006-06-15 | 2007-12-21 | Sk Energy Co., Ltd. | Charge equalization apparatus |
| WO2009051415A2 (en) * | 2007-10-16 | 2009-04-23 | Sk Energy Co., Ltd. | Battery management system with integration of voltage sensor and charge equalizer |
| US20100123433A1 (en) * | 2008-11-19 | 2010-05-20 | Shenzhen Huawei Communicaton Technologies Co., Ltd. | Voltage equalization apparatus and method for battery system |
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2010
- 2010-06-07 CN CN2010101924085A patent/CN102270773A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2007145463A1 (en) * | 2006-06-15 | 2007-12-21 | Sk Energy Co., Ltd. | Charge equalization apparatus |
| WO2009051415A2 (en) * | 2007-10-16 | 2009-04-23 | Sk Energy Co., Ltd. | Battery management system with integration of voltage sensor and charge equalizer |
| US20100123433A1 (en) * | 2008-11-19 | 2010-05-20 | Shenzhen Huawei Communicaton Technologies Co., Ltd. | Voltage equalization apparatus and method for battery system |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112104039A (en) * | 2020-09-14 | 2020-12-18 | 北京理工大学 | Non-contact power battery charging and balancing device |
| CN112104039B (en) * | 2020-09-14 | 2022-05-27 | 北京理工大学 | Non-contact power battery charging and balancing device |
| CN117081219A (en) * | 2023-10-17 | 2023-11-17 | 东方旭能(山东)科技发展有限公司 | EMS energy storage energy management system |
| CN117081219B (en) * | 2023-10-17 | 2024-01-09 | 东方旭能(山东)科技发展有限公司 | EMS energy storage energy management system |
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Application publication date: 20111207 |