CN103457325A - Direct-type lithium ion battery lossless equilibration circuit and equilibration control method - Google Patents
Direct-type lithium ion battery lossless equilibration circuit and equilibration control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103457325A CN103457325A CN2013103993079A CN201310399307A CN103457325A CN 103457325 A CN103457325 A CN 103457325A CN 2013103993079 A CN2013103993079 A CN 2013103993079A CN 201310399307 A CN201310399307 A CN 201310399307A CN 103457325 A CN103457325 A CN 103457325A
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- lithium ion
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- ion battery
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Abstract
The invention discloses a direct-type lithium ion battery lossless equilibration circuit and an equilibration control method and belongs to the field of battery management systems of electromobiles or large-power energy storage power stations. The circuit comprises a lithium ion battery pack, an equilibration switch control unit, a transformer equilibration unit and an equilibration switch control circuit. The lithium ion battery pack comprises more than one battery cell and controls energy to flow between the battery cells through the transformer equilibration unit controlled by the equilibration switch control unit, and thus the equilibration function is achieved. The direct-type lithium ion battery lossless equilibration circuit and the equilibration control method can make battery energy directly flow to batteries with lower voltage from batteries with high voltage and have the advantages of being high in efficiency, low in cost and simple in control structure.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to electric automobile or large power energy storage power station battery management system technical field, relate to a kind of direct-type lithium ion battery equalizing circuit and balance control method.
Background technology
Electric automobile or large power energy storage system are composed in series by a large amount of battery modules, owing on the lithium-ion battery monomer performance, having inconsistency, when battery set charge/discharge, there will be the inconsistency of monomer voltage.In the process of batteries charging or electric discharge, as long as there is a battery cell to reach the charging/discharging voltage limit of battery, whole battery pack will stop discharging and recharging, otherwise this monomer will be overcharged or mistake is put, have a strong impact on battery life, this phenomenon has seriously restricted the charging and discharging capabilities of battery.
Current balanced way divides two kinds.A kind of is to diminish equilibrium, is called again passive equilibrium, and the method for employing and battery cell parallel resistance, bypass unnecessary electric energy usually.Diminish balanced way electric energy conversion has been become to heat, in the time of inefficiency, the heat changed into brings larger burden to again the heat management of battery pack.Another kind is non-dissipative equalizing, is called again active equalization, usually adopts the method for electric capacity or inductance to carry out the energy transfer.Also useful transformer carries out the way of bottom or top equilibrium, after high monomer energy is emitted by voltage, is charged to whole battery module, and efficiency and portfolio effect are generally not high, and the control switch complex structural designs, and system reliability is not high.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of novel direct-type lithium ion battery non-dissipative equalizing circuit and balance control method, to overcome the shortcoming of existing equalization methods.
For realizing above purpose, technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of direct-type lithium ion battery non-dissipative equalizing circuit, wherein this circuit comprises lithium ion battery group, equalizer switch control unit, transformer balanced unit and equalizer switch control circuit, the lithium ion battery group comprises more than one battery cell, the transformer balanced unit that the lithium ion battery group is controlled by the equalizer switch control unit is controlled energy and is flowed between battery cell, completes equalization function.
The corresponding equalizer switch control unit of each battery cell and a transformer balanced unit.
Each equalizer switch control unit comprises two balanced control switchs, and the battery cell that these two balanced control switchs are corresponding with it is connected respectively, in order to control the charging and discharging of this battery cell.
Each transformer balanced unit comprises two balanced winding transformers, these two balanced winding transformer coil-winding opposite directions, and these two balanced winding transformers are connected with two balanced control switchs of corresponding equalizer switch control unit respectively.
The equalizer switch control unit is comprised of N-channel MOS field effect transistor and field effect transistor protective circuit, and field effect transistor drives by low limit, is the actuator of whole balanced action.
The equalizer switch control circuit is comprised of microprocessor and switch drive loop, can produce the low limit drive pulse signal of control switch field effect transistor, and its control logic is integrated in microprocessor.
The present invention provides a kind of balance control method that has adopted above-mentioned direct-type lithium ion battery non-dissipative equalizing circuit simultaneously, as follows:
With the voltage of each battery cell in microprocessor and voltage detecting circuit Real-time Collection lithium ion battery group, and calculate the highest battery cell voltage and the minimum battery cell voltage in battery pack;
Control the discharge switch conducting of the battery cell that voltage is the highest with microprocessor, electric energy is put in balanced winding transformer; Then this battery cell discharge switch disconnects, the charging control switch conducting of the battery cell that voltage is minimum, and the energy in balanced winding transformer is added in this battery cell, completes a charge and discharge process;
Continue to detect battery cell voltage with microprocessor, as meet equilibrium condition, reopen balancing procedure one time; If do not met equilibrium condition, no longer carry out balancing procedure.
Above-mentioned equilibrium condition depends on battery behavior and system equalization ability, and actual is the limit value that considers the unbalanced condition of battery of battery and system factor, and the deterministic process of this equilibrium condition, also comprise certain time delay process.
To sum up, the present invention makes the energy content of battery, and directly by voltage, high battery flows to the battery that voltage is low, has portfolio effect good, and efficiency is high, and cost is low, the simple advantage of control structure.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is overall structure schematic block diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the battery cell control structure diagram that voltage is the highest.
Control impuls figure and current waveform figure that Fig. 3 is the balanced control switch that battery cell that voltage is the highest is corresponding.
Fig. 4 is the battery cell control structure diagram that voltage is minimum.
Control impuls figure and current waveform figure that Fig. 5 is the balanced control switch that battery cell that voltage is minimum is corresponding.
Wherein, battery cell C
1-c
6, balanced control switch S
1-s
12, balanced winding transformation L
1-l
12.
Embodiment
As Fig. 1 is overall structure schematic block diagram of the present invention.A kind of direct-type lithium ion battery of the present invention non-dissipative equalizing circuit, comprise lithium ion battery group C, equalizer switch control unit S, transformer balanced unit L and equalizer switch control circuit.
Lithium ion battery group C comprises more than one battery cell C
x(as the C in Fig. 1
1-c
6), the transformer balanced unit L that lithium ion battery group C controls by equalizer switch control unit S controls energy at battery cell C
xbetween flow, complete equalization function.
Each battery cell C
xa corresponding equalizer switch control unit S and a transformer balanced unit L.
Each equalizer switch control unit S comprises two balanced control switch S
x(as the S in Fig. 1
1-s
12), these two balanced control switch S
xthe battery cell C corresponding with it
xbe connected respectively, in order to control this battery cell C
xcharging and discharging.
Each transformer balanced unit L comprises two balanced winding transformer L
x(as the L in Fig. 1
1-l
12), these two balanced winding transformer L
xcoil-winding opposite direction, and these two balanced winding transformer L
xrespectively with two balanced control switch S of corresponding equalizer switch control unit S
xbe connected.
In Fig. 1 with battery cell C
5and C
2for example, introduced energy at balanced winding transformer L
xin flow process.As Fig. 1, battery cell C
5voltage is the highest, battery cell C
2monomer voltage is minimum, C
5energy by balanced control switch S
10and S
3control by energy by battery cell C
5passed to battery cell C
2.
Charge and discharge process is introduced:
As shown in Fig. 2 to Fig. 5, suppose that in lithium ion battery group C, the battery cell that voltage is the highest is numbered C
m, the battery cell that voltage is minimum is numbered C
n, and the voltage difference scope meets the unbalanced condition limit value of battery, and balancing procedure is activated.
At first, as shown in Figure 2, closed balanced control switch S
2M, as shown in Figure 3, electric current is from battery cell C for control impuls
mflow out, and by electrical power storage at balanced winding transformer L
2Min, current waveform is as shown under Fig. 3.
After discharge process finishes, control impuls is closed, balanced control switch S
2Mdisconnect, disconnect balanced control switch S
2Mthe time, the minimum battery cell C by voltage
nbalanced control switch S
2N-1closed.Balanced control switch S
2Mdisconnect moment, balanced winding transformer L
2Mcoil current reduces to zero, with balanced winding transformer L
2Mthe balanced winding transformer L that direction of winding is contrary
2N-1produce a larger inverse electromotive force in coil, this inverse electromotive force is by balanced winding transformer L
2N-1energy refunds C in coil
nin, complete charging, as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5.
Balanced control switch S
2N-1after disconnection, complete a complete balance charge/discharge process.Again detect battery cell voltage, if battery cell voltage still meets the unbalanced condition of battery, continue to open new balancing procedure.
Claims (8)
1. a direct-type lithium ion battery non-dissipative equalizing circuit, it is characterized in that: this circuit comprises lithium ion battery group, equalizer switch control unit, transformer balanced unit and equalizer switch control circuit, the lithium ion battery group comprises more than one battery cell, the transformer balanced unit that the lithium ion battery group is controlled by the equalizer switch control unit is controlled energy and is flowed between battery cell, completes equalization function.
2. direct-type lithium ion battery non-dissipative equalizing circuit as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the corresponding equalizer switch control unit of described each battery cell and a transformer balanced unit.
3. direct-type lithium ion battery non-dissipative equalizing circuit as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: described each equalizer switch control unit comprises two balanced control switchs, the battery cell that these two balanced control switchs are corresponding with it is connected respectively, in order to control the charging and discharging of this battery cell, described each transformer balanced unit comprises two balanced winding transformers, these two balanced winding transformer coil-winding opposite directions, and these two balanced winding transformers are connected with two balanced control switchs of corresponding equalizer switch control unit respectively.
4. as claim 1 or 2 or 3 described direct-type lithium ion battery non-dissipative equalizing circuit; it is characterized in that: described equalizer switch control unit is comprised of N-channel MOS field effect transistor and field effect transistor protective circuit; field effect transistor drives by low limit, is the actuator of whole balanced action.
5. as the described direct-type lithium ion battery of arbitrary claim non-dissipative equalizing circuit in claim 4, it is characterized in that: described equalizer switch control circuit is comprised of microprocessor and switch drive loop, can produce the low limit drive pulse signal of control switch field effect transistor, its control logic is integrated in microprocessor.
6. a balance control method that adopts direct-type lithium ion battery non-dissipative equalizing circuit as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:
With the voltage of each battery cell in microprocessor and voltage detecting circuit Real-time Collection lithium ion battery group, and calculate the highest battery cell voltage and the minimum battery cell voltage in battery pack;
Control the discharge switch conducting of the battery cell that voltage is the highest with microprocessor, electric energy is put in balanced winding transformer; Then this battery cell discharge switch disconnects, the charging control switch conducting of the battery cell that voltage is minimum, and the energy in balanced winding transformer is added in this battery cell, completes a charge and discharge process;
Continue to detect battery cell voltage with microprocessor, as meet equilibrium condition, reopen balancing procedure one time; If do not met equilibrium condition, no longer carry out balancing procedure.
7. balance control method as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that: described equilibrium condition depends on battery behavior and system equalization ability, the actual limit value for the unbalanced condition of battery that considers battery and system factor.
8. balance control method as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that: the deterministic process of described equilibrium condition also comprises certain time delay process.
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| CN201310399307.9A CN103457325B (en) | 2013-09-05 | 2013-09-05 | A kind of direct-type lithium ion battery non-dissipative equalizing circuit and balance control method |
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| CN201310399307.9A CN103457325B (en) | 2013-09-05 | 2013-09-05 | A kind of direct-type lithium ion battery non-dissipative equalizing circuit and balance control method |
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| CN103457325B CN103457325B (en) | 2019-01-11 |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105355990A (en) * | 2015-09-29 | 2016-02-24 | 中国空间技术研究院 | Lithium-ion batteries and management unit integrating system and method |
| CN106410895A (en) * | 2016-09-27 | 2017-02-15 | 北京新能源汽车股份有限公司 | Battery equalization device, automobile battery equalization system and equalization method |
| CN106532829A (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-03-22 | 河南科技大学 | Two-stage balance control circuit, system and policy for charge and discharge of lithium battery packs |
| CN107039687A (en) * | 2016-02-04 | 2017-08-11 | 北京波士顿动力电池有限公司 | A kind of non-dissipative equalizing circuit for electric automobile power battery |
| CN107154656A (en) * | 2017-05-05 | 2017-09-12 | 安徽锐能科技有限公司 | Electric quantity balancing device and method between battery pack |
| WO2018161350A1 (en) * | 2017-03-10 | 2018-09-13 | 深圳中兴力维技术有限公司 | Efficient nondestructive equalization method for storage battery and system thereof |
| CN108598604A (en) * | 2018-05-09 | 2018-09-28 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Flyback mode series connection accumulation equalizing circuit |
| CN109120028A (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2019-01-01 | 清华大学 | Full intercommunication magnetic circuit network type battery automatic equalization compensation system and control method |
| CN116316998A (en) * | 2023-03-27 | 2023-06-23 | 深圳先阳新能源技术有限公司 | Bypass balance control method and system applied to energy storage battery |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105355990A (en) * | 2015-09-29 | 2016-02-24 | 中国空间技术研究院 | Lithium-ion batteries and management unit integrating system and method |
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| CN107039687A (en) * | 2016-02-04 | 2017-08-11 | 北京波士顿动力电池有限公司 | A kind of non-dissipative equalizing circuit for electric automobile power battery |
| CN106410895A (en) * | 2016-09-27 | 2017-02-15 | 北京新能源汽车股份有限公司 | Battery equalization device, automobile battery equalization system and equalization method |
| CN106410895B (en) * | 2016-09-27 | 2019-07-09 | 北京新能源汽车股份有限公司 | Battery equalization device, automobile battery equalization system and equalization method |
| CN106532829A (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-03-22 | 河南科技大学 | Two-stage balance control circuit, system and policy for charge and discharge of lithium battery packs |
| WO2018161350A1 (en) * | 2017-03-10 | 2018-09-13 | 深圳中兴力维技术有限公司 | Efficient nondestructive equalization method for storage battery and system thereof |
| CN107154656A (en) * | 2017-05-05 | 2017-09-12 | 安徽锐能科技有限公司 | Electric quantity balancing device and method between battery pack |
| CN107154656B (en) * | 2017-05-05 | 2023-10-27 | 安徽锐能科技有限公司 | Device and method for balancing electric quantity among battery packs |
| CN109120028A (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2019-01-01 | 清华大学 | Full intercommunication magnetic circuit network type battery automatic equalization compensation system and control method |
| CN108598604A (en) * | 2018-05-09 | 2018-09-28 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Flyback mode series connection accumulation equalizing circuit |
| CN116316998A (en) * | 2023-03-27 | 2023-06-23 | 深圳先阳新能源技术有限公司 | Bypass balance control method and system applied to energy storage battery |
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