CN104734231A - Series battery pack equalizing device based on bidirectional direct-current converters and equalizing method - Google Patents
Series battery pack equalizing device based on bidirectional direct-current converters and equalizing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104734231A CN104734231A CN201310703957.8A CN201310703957A CN104734231A CN 104734231 A CN104734231 A CN 104734231A CN 201310703957 A CN201310703957 A CN 201310703957A CN 104734231 A CN104734231 A CN 104734231A
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- battery
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
- H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
- H02J7/0018—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries using separate charge circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
- H01M10/441—Methods for charging or discharging for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a series battery pack equalizing device based on bidirectional direct-current converters. The series battery pack equalizing device comprises a series battery pack formed by connecting a plurality of single batteries in series, a plurality of bidirectional direct-current converters, a battery detection module, a single battery electric quantity computing module, a communication module, an equalizing control module and an equalizing drive circuit. The bidirectional direct-current converters are connected with the positive electrodes and the negative electrodes of all single batteries. An equalizing method based on the device includes the steps that a certain single body is selected and controlled through the equalizing control module to serve as the original edge of a multi-winding transformer, one or more of the rest single bodies serve as auxiliary edges, and discharging of the single body serving as the original edge and charging of one or more single bodies serving as the auxiliary edges can be achieved. By means of the series battery pack equalizing device and the equalizing method, the defects of the prior art are overcome effectively, the used components are less and can be obtained easily in the market, and the series battery pack equalizing device has the advantages of being simple in structure, stable in performance and cheap in price and has higher use value.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to battery, particularly relate to a kind of equalization device for series battery packs based on two-way DC converter and equalization methods.
Background technology
Along with the development of electric motor car in recent years, the also constantly progress of application technology in groups of series battery, but battery variability issues wherein can not be well solved all the time, and this have impact on useful life and the fail safe of battery pack to a great extent.Therefore the balanced management of battery can ensure the reliability and stability that battery pack uses to a great extent.
The otherness of battery is mainly manifested in the difference of capacity and performance, and in charging process, the phenomenons such as voltage is high, temperature is high, overcharge easily appear in the battery that capacity is little; In discharge process, the battery that capacity is little then there will be the phenomenons such as voltage is low, temperature is high, excessively put, and constantly repeatedly overcharges and crosses the deterioration of putting and can accelerate battery performance.And the active volume of series battery is determined by the capacity of the poorest cell, therefore the otherness of battery directly results in the decline of battery performance, affects useful life and fail safe.
The principal element of the otherness of battery is caused to have two, one is that the individual configurations difference caused in manufacture process causes, two is that in use individuality is in varying environment, caused by different operating state, balanced management system reduces the unbalanced situation of battery pack mainly for latter event.
At present conventional equalization methods comprises resistance equilibrium, electric capacity is balanced, DC/DC transducer is balanced, wherein adopts many resistance equilibriums excess energy can be consumed in the mode of resistance heating, not only waste energy and also heating unfavorable to equalizer; The equilibrium of DC/DC transducer be by DC/DC by balanced external power with set up a kind of power conversion passage of step-up/down between balanced cell, selected by switch, realize the balance charge/discharge of cell.Patent of invention CN101420130A is more representative, and using the former limit of power brick terminal voltage as transformer, cell, as the secondary of transformer, by pulse generator control DC/DC converter, realizes former limit and operates the charge balancing of secondary.This balanced way can well realize the charge balancing to low Electronic power batteries, but for the portfolio effect of high electricity monomer, and equalization efficiency cannot ensure.Patent of invention CN201010569571.9 provide a kind of can by the balancer of the charged state High Convergent Precision of multiple accumulator element.Periodically detect the SOC of each accumulator element, determine SOCmin and SOCmax.Further, the accumulator element having the SOC larger than SOCmax+ α is optionally discharged.
In balancing technique known at present, there is heating and cause the defect of energy loss, carried out control mode that individual monomers battery carries out discharge and recharge exist can only carry out the slow feature of equalization operation, balancing speed to a battery simultaneously by selector switch in the mode of conductive discharge.Also the feature that the balancing technique had can only be charged to corresponding battery and can not be discharged or can only discharge to corresponding battery, operate underaction.Also the balancing technique had take cell voltage as control objectives, and balanced object is that cell voltage seems consistent, and in fact, cell voltage unanimously can not reach the equilibrium of inside battery electricity, thus well can not keep battery with two side terminals.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention, exactly in order to overcome the problems referred to above that prior art exists, provides a kind of equalization device for series battery packs based on two-way DC converter and equalization methods.
In order to achieve the above object, present invention employs following technical scheme: a kind of equalization device for series battery packs based on two-way DC converter, comprise by multiple cell series battery in series, also comprise multiple two-way DC converter, battery detecting module, electric quantity of single batteries computing module, communication module, equalization control module and balanced drive circuit; Each two-way DC converter is connected with the both positive and negative polarity of each cell respectively, the signal of series battery exports and connects battery detecting module, the signal of battery detecting module exports and connects electric quantity of single batteries computing module, the signal of electric quantity of single batteries computing module exports and connects communication module, the signal of communication module exports and connects equalization control module, the signal of equalization control module exports and connects balanced drive circuit, and the signal of balanced drive circuit exports and connects two-way DC converter.
Described each two-way DC converter comprises the branch road winding be made up of identical winding, each branch road windings in series cell, and each two-way DC converter connects a balanced drive circuit and an equalization control module, each equalization control module parallel communication module.
Described two-way DC converter is two-way topological structure, comprise one with branch road winding for transformer on one side, inductor, capacitor, switching tube and rectifier diode, switching tube and rectifier diode parallel connection, its one end connects branch road winding, the other end connects inductor, and the 3rd pole of switching tube connects balanced drive circuit.
Cell in described series battery comprises lithium ion battery, lead-acid battery, Ni-MH battery or nickel-cadmium cell.
A kind of equalization methods based on above-mentioned balancer is, for the series battery that epidemic situation comparison is good, adopts the strategy of electric quantity balancing: for the battery pack occurring aging conditions, adopts the strategy of electric voltage equalization.
The strategy of described electric quantity balancing is, using the branch road winding corresponding to the cell that electricity is high as transformer primary side, carries out discharge operation; Using the branch road winding corresponding to other cell as transformer secondary, carry out charging operations.
The present invention, on control strategy, controls, for main control parameters, to make battery remain the consistency of SOC with battery electric quantity state (SOC); On circuit realiration, adopt a kind of bidirectional, dc of single end flyback converter to DC converter energy converter, can realize charging to respective battery, also can discharge to it.Thus carry out charge and discharge balancing control more neatly.Thus make equalization methods of the present invention and device have better control effects, thus have more advance.
The present invention effectively can control high electricity, high voltage monomer, effectively controls the unbalanced phenomena of battery pack in charging process; And in standing process, can ensure low electricity, the well-balanced adjustment of low-voltage monomer.Owing to adopting multi winding transformer structure, substantially increase equalization efficiency, two-way DC converter can need the battery cell that carries out operating by unrestricted choice, carries out equilibrium treatment more targetedly.Anti exciting converter is as the widest converter of electrical isolation low-power applications in addition, and topology is simple, dynamic rapidly corresponding, so the present invention has very large using value.
The present invention efficiently solves the defect that prior art exists, and the components and parts used are less, and market obtains than being easier to, and have structure simply, stable performance and cheap feature, there is higher use value; The components and parts number adopted and kind all less, avoid because element characteristic problem causes the unstable properties of system.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structured flowchart of the equalization device for series battery packs that the present invention is based on two-way DC converter:
Fig. 2 is the control circuit figure of one embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 is the structured flowchart of the equalization device for series battery packs that the present invention is based on two-way DC converter, and it comprises by multiple cell series battery 1, multiple two-way DC converter 2, battery detecting module 3, electric quantity of single batteries computing module 4, communication module 5, equalization control module 6 and balanced drive circuit 7 in series.Each two-way DC converter is connected with the both positive and negative polarity of each cell respectively, the signal of series battery exports and connects battery detecting module, the signal of battery detecting module exports and connects electric quantity of single batteries computing module, the signal of electric quantity of single batteries computing module exports and connects communication module, the signal of communication module exports and connects equalization control module, the signal of equalization control module exports and connects balanced drive circuit, and the signal of balanced drive circuit exports and connects two-way DC converter.
Coordinate see Fig. 2, each two-way DC converter 2 in the present invention comprises the branch road winding 21 be made up of identical winding, each branch road windings in series cell 11, and each two-way DC converter connects a balanced drive circuit 7 and an equalization control module 6, each equalization control module parallel communication module 5.
Two-way DC converter in the present invention is two-way topological structure, comprising one with branch road winding 21 is transformer on one side, inductor 22, capacitor 23, switching tube 24 and rectifier diode 25, switching tube and rectifier diode parallel connection, its one end connects branch road winding, the other end connects inductor, and the 3rd pole of switching tube connects balanced drive circuit.
Cell in series battery in the present invention comprises lithium ion battery, lead-acid battery, Ni-MH battery or nickel-cadmium cell.
A kind of equalization methods based on above-mentioned balancer is, for the series battery that epidemic situation comparison is good, adopts the strategy of electric quantity balancing; For the battery pack occurring aging conditions, adopt the strategy of electric voltage equalization.
The strategy of above-mentioned electric quantity balancing is, using the branch road winding corresponding to the cell (following or abbreviation monomer) that electricity is high as transformer primary side, carries out discharge operation; Using the branch road winding corresponding to other cell as transformer secondary, carry out charging operations.
Specific practice is, battery detecting module in charge gathers the voltage of battery cell, and the current signal of place branch road and total loop, and electric quantity of single batteries computing module is responsible for the calculating of the dynamic electricity calculating battery cell.Equalization control module is responsible for the information of received communication module, and by this information storage and decoding, determines which concrete battery carries out charge or discharge.Balanced drive circuit carries out discharging or the control of charging current, by the frequency of by-pass cock pipe and the size of pulse width modulation electric current, is regulated the variation pattern of former limit and secondary simultaneously, thus determine sense of current by the order of by-pass cock.
The general principle of control strategy is: carry out in the process of charge or discharge at battery, the timing of battery detecting module detects the information such as cell voltage, electric current, temperature, pressure, the state of charge simultaneously carrying out the battery cell of each series connection is estimated, obtains the real-time electric quantity state (SOC) of each battery.Then determine that this battery carries out equalization discharge or charge balancing according to the state of charge (SOC) of battery.Communication module is responsible for control signal that is battery discharge is balanced and charge balancing and is outputted to equalization control module.Equalization control module again output drive signal to balanced drive circuit.Drive balanced drive circuit energy is inputed or outputed in corresponding battery, complete the energy conversion of balancing procedure.
For the battery pack that epidemic situation comparison is good: select the highest electricity cell B by equalization control module
1(wherein suppose monomer electricity Q
1>Q
2> ... Q
n-1>Q
n) place branch road is as the former limit of Multiple coil converter, other monomer branch roads are as the secondary of converter, pulse width modulator controls former limit contactor pipe, secondary circuit switching tube is not controlled, realize the buck of Multiple coil circuit of reversed excitation with this, former limit height electricity monomer energy can move to secondary monomer then.The equalization operation of one-to-many between monomer can be realized like this.And then select the monomer that now electricity is the highest and discharge, circulation is carried out until the basically identical termination equalization operation of each monomer electricity.
For the battery pack occurring aged monomer, at charging process back segment, there will be the problem that voltage is higher, now should carry out discharge operation to this monomer, to ensure charging normal of power brick.Select this aged monomer place branch road as the former limit of Multiple coil converter by equalization control module, other monomer branch roads are as the secondary of converter, pulse width modulator controls former limit contactor pipe, secondary circuit switching tube is not controlled, realize the buck of Multiple coil circuit of reversed excitation with this, realize the electric discharge of former limit cell, step-down.In standing process, for the low voltage condition that aged battery may occur, also can by reaching balanced object to its charging.
Operation principle of the present invention is: for cascaded lithium ion batteries group, the voltage gathering battery cell is responsible for by system signal sampling module, and the current signal of place branch road and total loop, electric quantity of single batteries computing module is responsible for the dynamic electricity calculating battery cell.According to series-connected cell practical application experience, suppose that battery pack has n monomer, may there is obvious super-charge super-discharge phenomenon number of monomers is m (m<<n).When data acquisition system finds the most high monomer Bi of electricity, now controlled by equalization control module, the switching tube Qi of balanced drive circuit to this monomer place branch road, this branch road is as transformer primary side winding charge: other monomer place branch switch pipes are not controlled, only do rectification, each monomer of transformer secondary winding carries out charging operations.In balancing procedure, when the electricity Qi of former limit monomer is low to moderate average electricity Qave, terminate the equalization operation of this monomer.Re-start sampling to calculate, select new monomer to repeat the equalization operation of previous step, until battery components divergence ￡ <4%, complete whole balancing procedure.
The present invention can will overcharge the excess energy transfer of monomer targetedly in charging process, avoid the generation overcharged, protection monomer; In standing process, also can maintain the basis equalization of each monomer electricity, ensure the consistency of battery pack.Owing to adopting multi winding transformer structure, substantially increase equalization efficiency, two-way DC converter can need to carry out the battery cell that operates by unrestricted choice, carry out equilibrium treatment more targetedly, flyback DC-DC converter is as the widest converter of electrical isolation low-power applications in addition, and topology is simple, dynamic rapidly corresponding.
Claims (6)
1. the equalization device for series battery packs based on two-way DC converter, comprise by some or multiple cell series battery in series, it is characterized in that, also comprise multiple two-way DC converter, battery detecting module, electric quantity of single batteries computing module, communication module, equalization control module and balanced drive circuit: each two-way DC converter is connected with the both positive and negative polarity of each cell respectively, the signal of series battery exports and connects battery detecting module, the signal of battery detecting module exports and connects electric quantity of single batteries computing module, the signal of electric quantity of single batteries computing module exports and connects communication module, the signal of communication module exports and connects equalization control module, the signal of equalization control module exports and connects balanced drive circuit, the signal of balanced drive circuit exports and connects two-way DC converter.
2. as claimed in claim 1 based on the equalization device for series battery packs of two-way DC converter, it is characterized in that: described each two-way DC converter comprises the branch road winding be made up of identical winding, each branch road windings in series cell, and each two-way DC converter connects a balanced drive circuit and an equalization control module, each equalization control module parallel communication module.
3. as claimed in claim 2 based on the equalization device for series battery packs of two-way DC converter, it is characterized in that: described two-way DC converter is two-way topological structure, comprise one with branch road winding for transformer on one side, inductor, capacitor, switching tube and rectifier diode, switching tube and rectifier diode parallel connection, its one end connects branch road winding, the other end connects inductor, and the 3rd pole of switching tube connects balanced drive circuit.
4., as claimed in claim 1 based on the equalization device for series battery packs of two-way DC converter, it is characterized in that: the cell in described series battery comprises lithium ion battery, lead-acid battery, Ni-MH battery or nickel-cadmium cell.
5. based on the equalization methods of the equalization device for series battery packs based on two-way DC converter according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: for the series battery that epidemic situation comparison is good, adopt the strategy of electric quantity balancing: for the battery pack occurring aging conditions, adopt the strategy of electric voltage equalization.
6. equalization methods as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that: the strategy of described electric quantity balancing is, using the branch road winding corresponding to the cell that electricity is high as transformer primary side, carry out discharge operation: using the branch road winding corresponding to other cell as transformer secondary, carry out charging operations.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310703957.8A CN104734231A (en) | 2013-12-19 | 2013-12-19 | Series battery pack equalizing device based on bidirectional direct-current converters and equalizing method |
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| CN201310703957.8A CN104734231A (en) | 2013-12-19 | 2013-12-19 | Series battery pack equalizing device based on bidirectional direct-current converters and equalizing method |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105161783A (en) * | 2015-10-14 | 2015-12-16 | 矽力杰半导体技术(杭州)有限公司 | Balancing method of battery electric quantity |
| CN107516749A (en) * | 2017-10-10 | 2017-12-26 | 西南交通大学 | Zeta type biswitch multichannels battery voltage balanced topology and its control method |
| CN107681677A (en) * | 2017-10-30 | 2018-02-09 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of battery energy storage system of two-way flyback primary side integrated form |
| CN109572484A (en) * | 2018-12-04 | 2019-04-05 | 深圳市国新动力科技有限公司 | A kind of Multi-function compatible type active equalization circuit and method |
| CN112952950A (en) * | 2021-03-09 | 2021-06-11 | 石河子大学 | Battery pack balancing method and system based on flyback converter |
| CN113547945A (en) * | 2021-07-26 | 2021-10-26 | 国网山东省电力公司枣庄供电公司 | Immittance network-based battery charging device with voltage-sharing function and method |
| WO2023040448A1 (en) * | 2021-09-17 | 2023-03-23 | 华为数字能源技术有限公司 | Energy storage system, uninterruptible power supply, and battery balancing method |
-
2013
- 2013-12-19 CN CN201310703957.8A patent/CN104734231A/en active Pending
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105161783A (en) * | 2015-10-14 | 2015-12-16 | 矽力杰半导体技术(杭州)有限公司 | Balancing method of battery electric quantity |
| CN107516749A (en) * | 2017-10-10 | 2017-12-26 | 西南交通大学 | Zeta type biswitch multichannels battery voltage balanced topology and its control method |
| CN107681677A (en) * | 2017-10-30 | 2018-02-09 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of battery energy storage system of two-way flyback primary side integrated form |
| CN107681677B (en) * | 2017-10-30 | 2024-01-23 | 华南理工大学 | Bidirectional flyback primary side integrated battery energy storage system |
| CN109572484A (en) * | 2018-12-04 | 2019-04-05 | 深圳市国新动力科技有限公司 | A kind of Multi-function compatible type active equalization circuit and method |
| CN112952950A (en) * | 2021-03-09 | 2021-06-11 | 石河子大学 | Battery pack balancing method and system based on flyback converter |
| CN113547945A (en) * | 2021-07-26 | 2021-10-26 | 国网山东省电力公司枣庄供电公司 | Immittance network-based battery charging device with voltage-sharing function and method |
| CN113547945B (en) * | 2021-07-26 | 2023-08-25 | 国网山东省电力公司枣庄供电公司 | Battery charging device and method with voltage equalizing function based on immittance network |
| WO2023040448A1 (en) * | 2021-09-17 | 2023-03-23 | 华为数字能源技术有限公司 | Energy storage system, uninterruptible power supply, and battery balancing method |
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